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Wang J, Wang Y, Lu S, Lou H, Wang X, Wang W. AlgU mediates hyperosmotic tolerance in Pseudomonas protegens SN15-2 by regulating membrane stability, ROS scavenging, and osmolyte synthesis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0059624. [PMID: 39023265 PMCID: PMC11337839 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00596-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas protegens can serve as an agricultural biocontrol agent. P. protegens often encounters hyperosmotic stress during industrial production and field application. The ability of P. protegens to withstand hyperosmotic stress is important for its application as a biocontrol agent. AlgU is a global regulator responsible for stress response and biocontrol ability. However, the specific regulatory role of AlgU in the hyperosmotic adaptation of P. protegens is poorly understood. In this study, we found that the AlgU mutation disrupted the hyperosmotic tolerance of P. protegens. Many genes and metabolites related to cell envelope formation were significantly downregulated in ΔalgU compared with that in the wild-type (WT) strain under hyperosmotic conditions, and we found that the algU mutation caused membrane integrity to be compromised and increased membrane permeability. Further experiments revealed that the cell envelope integrity protein TolA, which is regulated by AlgU, contributes to cell membrane stability and osmotic tolerance in P. protegens. In addition, several genes related to oxidative stress response were significantly downregulated in ΔalgU, and higher levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species were found in ΔalgU. Furthermore, we found that the synthesis of N-acetyl glutaminyl glutamine amide is directly regulated by AlgU and contributes to the hyperosmotic adaptation of P. protegens. This study revealed the mechanisms of AlgU's participation in osmotic tolerance in P. protegens, and it provides potential molecular targets for research on the hyperosmotic adaptation of P. protegens.IMPORTANCEIn this study, we found that the extracytoplasmic function sigma factor AlgU is essential for the survival of P. protegens under hyperosmotic conditions. We provided evidence supporting the roles of AlgU in influencing cell membrane stability, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and dipeptide N-acetylglutaminylglutamine amide (NAGGN) synthesis in P. protegens under hyperosmotic conditions. Our findings revealed the mechanisms of AlgU's participation in hyperosmotic stress tolerance in P. protegens, and they provide potential molecular targets for research on the hyperosmotic adaptation of P. protegens, which is of value in improving the biocontrol ability of P. protegens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouquan Lu
- Shanghai Shuyin Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Haibo Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - XiaoBing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Hou X, Zhu L, Xu H, Shi J, Ji S. Dysregulation of protein succinylation and disease development. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1407505. [PMID: 38882606 PMCID: PMC11176430 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1407505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
As a novel post-translational modification of proteins, succinylation is widely present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. By regulating protein translocation and activity, particularly involved in regulation of gene expression, succinylation actively participates in diverse biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation and metabolism. Dysregulation of succinylation is closely related to many diseases. Consequently, it has increasingly attracted attention from basic and clinical researchers. For a thorough understanding of succinylation dysregulation and its implications for disease development, such as inflammation, tumors, cardiovascular and neurological diseases, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the research progress on abnormal succinylation. This understanding of association of dysregulation of succinylation with pathological processes will provide valuable directions for disease prevention/treatment strategies as well as drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Hou
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lijuan Zhu
- Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haiying Xu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Zhoukou Vocational and Technical College, Zhoukou, Henan, China
| | - Shaoping Ji
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
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Shao M, Xu F, Ke X, Huang M, Chu J. Enhancing erythromycin production in Saccharopolyspora erythraea through rational engineering and fermentation refinement: A Design-Build-Test-Learn approach. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2400039. [PMID: 38797723 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202400039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Industrial production of bioactive compounds from actinobacteria, such as erythromycin and its derivatives, faces challenges in achieving optimal yields. To this end, the Design-Build-Test-Learn (DBTL) framework, a systematic metabolic engineering approach, was employed to enhance erythromycin production in Saccharopolyspora erythraea (S. erythraea) E3 strain. A genetically modified strain, S. erythraea E3-CymRP21-dcas9-sucC (S. erythraea CS), was developed by suppressing the sucC gene using an inducible promoter and dcas9 protein. The strain exhibited improved erythromycin synthesis, attributed to enhanced precursor synthesis and increased NADPH availability. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed altered central carbon metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and co-factor/vitamin metabolism in CS. Augmented amino acid metabolism led to nitrogen depletion, potentially causing cellular autolysis during later fermentation stages. By refining the fermentation process through ammonium sulfate supplementation, erythromycin yield reached 1125.66 mg L-1, a 43.5% increase. The results demonstrate the power of the DBTL methodology in optimizing erythromycin production, shedding light on its potential for revolutionizing antibiotic manufacturing in response to the global challenge of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Jiang X, Ke X, Tian X, Chu J. An inducible CRISPRi circuit for tunable dynamic regulation of gene expression in Saccharopolyspora erythraea. Biotechnol Lett 2024; 46:161-172. [PMID: 38279045 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Actinomyces are gram-positive bacteria known for their valuable secondary metabolites. Redirecting metabolic flux towards desired products in actinomycetes requires precise and dynamic regulation of gene expression. In this study, we integrated the CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system with a cumate-inducible promoter to develop an inducible gene downregulation method in Saccharopolyspora erythraea, a prominent erythromycin-producing actinobacterium. The functionality of the cumate-inducible promoter was validated using the gusA gene as a reporter, and the successful inducible expression of the dCas9 gene was confirmed. The developed inducible CRISPRi strategy was then employed to downregulate the expression of target genes rppA in the wild-type strain NRRL2338 and sucC in the high erythromycin-producing strain E3. Through dynamic control of sucC expression, a significant enhancement in erythromycin production was achieved in strain E3. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of an inducible gene downregulation approach using CRISPRi and a cumate-inducible promoter, providing valuable insights for optimizing natural product production in actinomyces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xiang Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xiwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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Hou X, Chen Y, Li X, Gu X, Dong W, Shi J, Ji S. Protein succinylation: regulating metabolism and beyond. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1336057. [PMID: 38379549 PMCID: PMC10876795 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1336057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Modifications of protein post-translation are critical modulatory processes, which alters target protein biological activity,function and/or location, even involved in pathogenesis of some diseases. So far, there are at least 16 types of post-translation modifications identified, particularly through recent mass spectrometry analysis. Among them, succinylation (Ksuc) on protein lysine residues causes a variety of biological changes. Succinylation of proteins contributes to many cellular processes such as proliferation, growth, differentiation, metabolism and even tumorigenesis. Mechanically, Succinylation leads to conformation alteration of chromatin or remodeling. As a result, transcription/expression of target genes is changed accordingly. Recent research indicated that succinylation mainly contributes to metabolism modulations, from gene expression of metabolic enzymes to their activity modulation. In this review, we will conclude roles of succinylation in metabolic regulation of glucose, fat, amino acids and related metabolic disease launched by aberrant succinylation. Our goal is to stimulate extra attention to these still not well researched perhaps important succinylation modification on proteins and cell processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Hou
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yiqiu Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xianliang Gu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weixia Dong
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Zhoukou Vocational and Technical College, Zhoukou, China
| | - Shaoping Ji
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Zhao X, Hussain MH, Mohsin A, Liu Z, Xu Z, Li Z, Guo W, Guo M. Mechanistic insight for improving butenyl-spinosyn production through combined ARTP/UV mutagenesis and ribosome engineering in Saccharopolyspora pogona. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1329859. [PMID: 38292303 PMCID: PMC10825966 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1329859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Butenyl-spinosyn is a highly effective, wide-spectrum and environmentally-friendly biological insecticide produced by Saccharopolyspora pogona. However, its scale-up is impeded due to its lower titer in wild-type strains. In this work, ARTP/UV mutagenesis and ribosome engineering were employed to enhance the butenyl-spinosyn production, and a stable mutant Saccharopolyspora pogona aG6 with high butenyl-spinosyn yield was successfully obtained. For the first time, the fermentation results in the 5 L bioreactor demonstrated that the butenyl-spinosyn produced by mutant Saccharopolyspora pogona aG6 reached the maximum value of 130 mg/L, almost 4-fold increase over the wild-type strain WT. Furthermore, comparative genomic, transcriptome and target metabolomic analysis revealed that the accumulation of butenyl-spinosyn was promoted by alterations in ribosomal proteins, branched-chain amino acid degradation and oxidative phosphorylation. Conclusively, the proposed model of ribosome engineering combined with ARTP/UV showed the improved biosynthesis regulation of butenyl-spinosyn in S. pogona.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Muhammad Hammad Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ali Mohsin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zebo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanxia Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqun Guo
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Meijin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Yuan Y, Xu F, Ke X, Lu J, Huang M, Chu J. Ammonium sulfate supplementation enhances erythromycin biosynthesis by augmenting intracellular metabolism and precursor supply in Saccharopolyspora erythraea. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023:10.1007/s00449-023-02898-x. [PMID: 37392219 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02898-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the cellular metabolic mechanisms regarding ammonium sulfate supplementation on erythromycin production were investigated by employing targeted metabolomics and metabolic flux analysis. The results suggested that the addition of ammonium sulfate stimulates erythromycin biosynthesis. Targeted metabolomics analysis uncovered that the addition of ammonium sulfate during the late stage of fermentation resulted in an augmented intracellular amino acid metabolism pool, guaranteeing an ample supply of precursors for organic acids and coenzyme A-related compounds. Therefore, adequate precursors facilitated cellular maintenance and erythromycin biosynthesis. Subsequently, an optimal supplementation rate of 0.02 g/L/h was determined. The results exhibited that erythromycin titer (1311.1 μg/mL) and specific production rate (0.008 mmol/gDCW/h) were 101.3% and 41.0% higher than those of the process without ammonium sulfate supplementation, respectively. Moreover, the erythromycin A component proportion increased from 83.2% to 99.5%. Metabolic flux analysis revealed increased metabolic fluxes with the supplementation of three ammonium sulfate rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Peng ZY, Fu Y, Zhao LC, Dong YQ, Chen ZQ, You D, Ye BC. Protein acylation links metabolism and the control of signal transduction, transcription regulation, growth, and pathogenicity in Actinobacteria. Mol Microbiol 2023; 119:151-160. [PMID: 36349384 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Actinobacteria have a complex life cycle, including morphological and physiological differentiation which are often associated with the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Recently, increased interest in post-translational modifications (PTMs) in these Gram-positive bacteria has highlighted the importance of PTMs as signals that provide functional diversity and regulation by modifying proteins to respond to diverse stimuli. Here, we review the developments in research on acylation, a typical PTM that uses acyl-CoA or related metabolites as donors, as well as the understanding of the direct link provided by acylation between cell metabolism and signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, cell growth, and pathogenicity in Actinobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yao Peng
- Laboratory of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Laboratory of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu-Chang Zhao
- Laboratory of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Qi Dong
- Laboratory of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zong-Qin Chen
- Laboratory of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Di You
- Laboratory of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Bang-Ce Ye
- Laboratory of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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