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Jabeen U, Bisht KS, Ranjitha HB, Hosamani M, Sreenivasa BP, Kulkarni PM, Nidhi DC, Amulya RL, Bhanuprakash V, Dechamma HJ, Sanyal A, Basagoudanavar SH. In-process quality control in foot-and-mouth disease vaccine production by detection of viral non-structural proteins using chemiluminescence dot blot assay. J Virol Methods 2024; 326:114906. [PMID: 38479084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2024.114906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a contagious viral disease of cloven-footed animals. Immunization with inactivated virus vaccine is effective to control the disease. Six-monthly vaccination regimen in endemic regions has proven to be effective. To enable the differentiation of infected animals from those vaccinated, non-structural proteins (NSPs) are excluded during vaccine production. While the antibodies to structural proteins (SPs) could be observed both in vaccinated and infected animals, NSP antibodies are detectable only in natural infection. Quality control assays that detect NSPs in vaccine antigen preparations, are thus vital in the FMD vaccine manufacturing process. In this study, we designed a chemiluminescence dot blot assay to detect the 3A and 3B NSPs of FMDV. It is sensitive enough to detect up to 20 ng of the NSP, and exhibited specificity as it does not react with the viral SPs. This cost-effective assay holds promise in quality control assessment in FMD vaccine manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Jabeen
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Hebbal, Bengaluru 560024, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Pratik M Kulkarni
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Hebbal, Bengaluru 560024, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Aniket Sanyal
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Hebbal, Bengaluru 560024, India
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Zewdie G, Akalu M, Tolossa W, Belay H, Deresse G, Zekarias M, Tesfaye Y. A review of foot-and-mouth disease in Ethiopia: epidemiological aspects, economic implications, and control strategies. Virol J 2023; 20:299. [PMID: 38102688 PMCID: PMC10724896 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a contagious viral disease that affects the livelihoods and productivity of livestock farmers in endemic regions. It can infect various domestic and wild animals with cloven hooves and is caused by a virus belonging to the genus Aphthovirus and family Picornaviridae, which has seven different serotypes: A, O, C, SAT1, SAT2, SAT3, and Asia-1. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular epidemiology, economic impact, diagnosis, and control measures of FMD in Ethiopia in comparison with the global situation. The genetic and antigenic diversity of FMD viruses requires a thorough understanding for developing and applying effective control strategies in endemic areas. FMD has direct and indirect economic consequences on animal production. In Ethiopia, FMD outbreaks have led to millions of USD losses due to the restriction or rejection of livestock products in the international market. Therefore, in endemic areas, disease control depends on vaccinations to prevent animals from developing clinical disease. However, in Ethiopia, due to the presence of diverse antigenic serotypes of FMD viruses, regular and extensive molecular investigation of new field isolates is necessary to perform vaccine-matching studies to evaluate the protective potential of the vaccine strain in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girma Zewdie
- National Veterinary Institute (NVI), P. O. Box: 19, Bishoftu, Ethiopia.
| | - Mirtneh Akalu
- National Veterinary Institute (NVI), P. O. Box: 19, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
- Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Department of Biotechnology, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Ap, 522502, India
| | | | - Hassen Belay
- Africa Union Pan African Veterinary Vaccine Center (AU-PANVAC), P. O. Box: 1746, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
| | - Getaw Deresse
- National Veterinary Institute (NVI), P. O. Box: 19, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
| | | | - Yeneneh Tesfaye
- National Veterinary Institute (NVI), P. O. Box: 19, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
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Aksono EB, Lamid M, Rimayanti R, Hamid IS, Effendi MH, Rantam FA, Widjiati W, Mufasirin M, Puspitasari H, Fitria M, Fajar NS, Suwanti LT, Nusdianto N, Zaidan AH, Kanai Y, Sucipto TH. Designing one-step reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification for serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus detection during the 2022 outbreak in East Java, Indonesia. Vet World 2023; 16:1889-1896. [PMID: 37859973 PMCID: PMC10583884 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1889-1896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Various methods can detect foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in cows, but they necessitate resources, time, costs, laboratory facilities, and specific clinical specimen submission, often leading to FMD virus (FMDV) diagnosis delays. The 2022 FMD outbreak in East Java, Indonesia, highlighted the need for an easy, inexpensive, rapid, and accurate detection approach. This study aims to devise a one-step reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) technique and phylogenetic analysis to detect the serotype O FMDV outbreak in East Java. Materials and Methods Swab samples were collected from the foot vesicles, nasal secretions, and saliva of five suspected FMDV-infected cows in East Java between June and July 2022. The RT-LAMP design used hydroxy naphthol blue dye or SYBR Green I dye, with confirmatory analysis through reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting 249 base pairs. PCR products underwent purification, sequencing, and nucleotide alignment, followed by phylogenetic analysis. Results The RT-LAMP method using hydroxy naphthol blue dye displayed a positive reaction through a color shift from purple to blue in the tube. Naked-eye observation in standard light or ultraviolet (UV) light at 365 nm, with SYBR Green I stain, also revealed color change. Specifically, using SYBR Green I dye, UV light at 365 nm revealed a color shift from yellow to green, signifying a positive reaction. Nucleotide alignment revealed mutations and deletion at the 15th sequence in the JT-INDO-K3 isolate from the East Java FMDV outbreak. Despite differing branches, the phylogenetic tree placed it in the same cluster as serotype O FMDV from Malaysia and Mongolia. Conclusion JT-INDO-K3 exhibited distinctions from Indonesian serotype O FMDV isolates and those documented in GenBank. Then, the RT-LAMP method used in this study has a detection limit 10 times higher latter than the conventional RT-PCR limit, without any cross-reactivity among strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardus Bimo Aksono
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
- Institute of Life Science, Technology and Engineering, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Mirni Lamid
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Rimayanti Rimayanti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Iwan Sahrial Hamid
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Mustofa Helmi Effendi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Fedik Abdul Rantam
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Widjiati Widjiati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Mufasirin Mufasirin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Heni Puspitasari
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Munawaroh Fitria
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Nur Syamsiatul Fajar
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Lucia Tri Suwanti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Nusdianto Nusdianto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Andi Hamim Zaidan
- Institute of Life Science, Technology and Engineering, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Yuta Kanai
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Teguh Hari Sucipto
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
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