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Crawford SE, Brinkmann M, Ouellet JD, Lehmkuhl F, Reicherter K, Schwarzbauer J, Bellanova P, Letmathe P, Blank LM, Weber R, Brack W, van Dongen JT, Menzel L, Hecker M, Schüttrumpf H, Hollert H. Remobilization of pollutants during extreme flood events poses severe risks to human and environmental health. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126691. [PMID: 34315022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
While it is well recognized that the frequency and intensity of flood events are increasing worldwide, the environmental, economic, and societal consequences of remobilization and distribution of pollutants during flood events are not widely recognized. Loss of life, damage to infrastructure, and monetary cleanup costs associated with floods are important direct effects. However, there is a lack of attention towards the indirect effects of pollutants that are remobilized and redistributed during such catastrophic flood events, particularly considering the known toxic effects of substances present in flood-prone areas. The global examination of floods caused by a range of extreme events (e.g., heavy rainfall, tsunamis, extra- and tropical storms) and subsequent distribution of sediment-bound pollutants are needed to improve interdisciplinary investigations. Such examinations will aid in the remediation and management action plans necessary to tackle issues of environmental pollution from flooding. River basin-wide and coastal lowland action plans need to balance the opposing goals of flood retention, catchment conservation, and economical use of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Crawford
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Markus Brinkmann
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Jacob D Ouellet
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Frank Lehmkuhl
- Department of Geography, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Klaus Reicherter
- Institute of Neotectonics and Natural Hazards, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jan Schwarzbauer
- Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Petroleum and Coal, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Piero Bellanova
- Institute of Neotectonics and Natural Hazards, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Petroleum and Coal, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Letmathe
- Chair of Management Accounting, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars M Blank
- Chair of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Applied Microbiology, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Roland Weber
- POPs Environmental Consulting, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Werner Brack
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joost T van Dongen
- Institute of Biology I, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Lucas Menzel
- Department of Geography, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Hecker
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Holger Schüttrumpf
- Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Henner Hollert
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Aoyagi T, Katayama Y, Aizawa H, Takasaki M, Hori T. Nitrate-Driven Trophic Association of Sulfur-Cycling Microorganisms in Tsunami-Deposited Marine Sediment Revealed by High-Sensitivity 13C-Bicarbonate Probing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:8410-8421. [PMID: 34078080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c08191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although denitrification-dependent chemolithotrophic sulfur oxidizers proliferated in tsunami-deposited marine sediment with nitrate amendment, their ecophysiological roles in biogeochemical carbon transfer are not addressed. We employed time-resolved high-sensitivity 13C-bicarbonate probing of rRNA to unveil the carbon fixation and resulting trophic relationship of the nitrate-amended sediment microorganisms. Nitrate reduction and sulfur oxidation co-occurred along with significant decreases in the 13CO2 and dissolved bicarbonate concentrations for the first 4 days of the incubation, during which the denitrification-dependent sulfur-oxidizing chemolithotrophs, i.e., the Sulfurimonas sp. HDS01 and Thioalkalispira sp. HDS22 relatives, and the sulfate-reducing heterotrophs, i.e., the Desulfobulbus spp. and Desulfofustis glycolicus relatives, actively incorporated 13C. These indicated that the sulfur oxidizers and sulfate reducers were tightly associated with each other through the direct carbon transfer. Relatives of the fermentative Thalassomonas sediminis and the hydrolytic Pararheinheimera aquatica, in addition to various sulfur-cycling microorganisms, significantly assimilated 13C at day 14. Although the incorporation of 13C was not detected, a syntrophic volatile-fatty-acid oxidizer and hydrogenotrophic methanogens significantly expressed their 16S rRNA molecules at day 21, indicating the metabolic activation of these final decomposers under the latter nutrient-limited conditions. The results demonstrated the nitrate-driven trophic association of sulfur-cycling microorganisms and the subsequent microbial activation and diversification, triggering the restoration of the marine ecosystem function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomo Aoyagi
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Yoko Katayama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Aizawa
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Takasaki
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Ishinomaki Senshu University, 1 Shinmito Minamisakai, Ishinomaki, Miyagi 986-8580, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Hori
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
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Pongpiachan S, Surapipith V, Hashmi MZ, Aukkaravittayapun S, Poshyachinda S. An application of aromatic compounds as alternative tracers of tsunami backwash deposits. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06883. [PMID: 33997408 PMCID: PMC8099755 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This manuscript provides some comprehensive technical insights regarding the application of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) characterized by using Gas-Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. Although numerous chemical species such as water soluble ionic species (e.g. Na+, K+, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+) and acid leachable heavy metal fractions (e.g. Fe, Cd, Al, Mo, Sb, As, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Mn) can be used to characterize tsunami deposits, the knowledge of PAH congeners as alternative chemical species for identifying tsunami backwash deposits is strictly limited. This manuscript is exclusive because it aims to find some alternative chemical proxies in order to distinguish tsunami backwash deposits from typical marine sediments. A wide range of diagnostic binary ratios of PAH congeners have been selected in order to characterize Typical Marine Sediments (TMS), Tsunami backwash deposits (TBD), Onshore Tsunami Deposits (OTD) and Coastal Zone Soils (CZS). The state of the art and future perspectives coupled with both advantages and disadvantages of above mentioned chemical tracers will be critically reviewed and further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwatt Pongpiachan
- NIDA Center for Research & Development of Disaster Prevention & Management, School of Social and Environmental Development, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA), 118 Moo-3, Sereethai Road, Klong-Chan, Bangkapi, Bangkok 10240 Thailand
- SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IEECAS), Xi'an, 710075, China
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization) (NARIT), 260 Moo 4, T. Donkaew, A. Maerim, Chiangmai, 50180, Thailand
| | - Vanisa Surapipith
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization) (NARIT), 260 Moo 4, T. Donkaew, A. Maerim, Chiangmai, 50180, Thailand
| | | | - Suparerk Aukkaravittayapun
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization) (NARIT), 260 Moo 4, T. Donkaew, A. Maerim, Chiangmai, 50180, Thailand
| | - Saran Poshyachinda
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization) (NARIT), 260 Moo 4, T. Donkaew, A. Maerim, Chiangmai, 50180, Thailand
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Kozak L, Niedzielski P. The long term tsunami impact: Evolution of iron speciation and major elements concentration in tsunami deposits from Thailand. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 181:37-43. [PMID: 28419899 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.03.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The article describes the unique studies of the chemical composition changes of new geological object (tsunami deposits in south Thailand - Andaman Sea Coast) during four years (2005-2008) from the beginning of formation of it (deposition of tsunami transported material, 26 December 2004). The chemical composition of the acid leachable fraction of the tsunami deposits has been studied in the scope of concentration macrocompounds - concentration of calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese and iron speciation - the occurrence of Fe(II), Fe(III) and non-ionic iron species described as complexed iron (Fe complex). The changes of chemical composition and iron speciation in the acid leachable fraction of tsunami deposits have been observed with not clear tendencies of changes direction. For iron speciation changes the transformation of the Fe complex to Fe(III) has been recorded with no significant changes of the level of Fe(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Kozak
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 89B Umultowska Street, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Niedzielski
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 89B Umultowska Street, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
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5
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Idris N, Lahna K, Fadhli, Ramli M. Study on Emission Spectral Lines of Iron, Fe in Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) on Soil Samples. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/846/1/012020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Sundaramanickam A, Shanmugam N, Cholan S, Kumaresan S, Madeswaran P, Balasubramanian T. Spatial variability of heavy metals in estuarine, mangrove and coastal ecosystems along Parangipettai, Southeast coast of India. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 218:186-195. [PMID: 27572133 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An elaborate survey on the contamination of heavy metals was carried out in surface sediments of different ecosystems such as Vellar-Coleroon estuarine, Pichavaram mangrove and coastal region of Parangipettai, Southeast coast of India. The study was intended since, the coal based thermal power plant and oil refinery plant are proposed to set up along this coast and aquaculture industries and dredging activities are developing. The parameters such as soil texture, pH, total organic carbon (TOC) and heavy metal (Fe, Mn, Cu, Cd, Zn and Ni) concentrations were analyzed for the surface sediments during pre and postmonsoon seasons. Among the metals analyzed, Fe and Mn were found to have dominant as the levels were recorded as 11,804 μg g-1 and 845.2 μg g-1 respectively. A significant correlation was observed between total organic carbon (TOC) and heavy metals. In the mangrove ecosystem, the levels of heavy metals found to be maximum indicating that the rich organic matter acts as an efficient binding agent for metals. The overall finding of the present study indicated that the sediments from the entire Vellar-Coleroon estuarine and Pichavaram mangrove ecosystems were found moderately polluted with cadmium metal. The result of cluster analysis indicated disparity in accumulation of heavy metals in sediments of different ecosystems due to the variations in organic matter. The heavy metals were transported from land to coastal through flood during monsoon season reflecting the variations in their levels in different ecosystems at postmonsoon season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Sundaramanickam
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | - Shanmugam Cholan
- Department of Physics, Arignar Anna College (Arts & Science) Krishnagiri, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Kumaresan
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Perumal Madeswaran
- Integrated Coastal and Marine Area Management Project Directorate (ICMAM PD), NIOT Campus, Velacherry-Tambaram Main Road, Pallikkaranai, Chennai, 600100, India
| | - Thangavel Balasubramanian
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kurzyca I, Niedzielski P, Frankowski M. Simultaneous speciation analysis of inorganic nitrogen with the use of ion chromatography in highly salinated environmental samples. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:3482-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Kurzyca
- Department of Water and Soil AnalysisAdam Mickiewicz University Poznan Poland
| | | | - Marcin Frankowski
- Department of Water and Soil AnalysisAdam Mickiewicz University Poznan Poland
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8
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Hiraoka S, Machiyama A, Ijichi M, Inoue K, Oshima K, Hattori M, Yoshizawa S, Kogure K, Iwasaki W. Genomic and metagenomic analysis of microbes in a soil environment affected by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake tsunami. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:53. [PMID: 26764021 PMCID: PMC4712596 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2380-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011 triggered large tsunami waves, which flooded broad areas of land along the Pacific coast of eastern Japan and changed the soil environment drastically. However, the microbial characteristics of tsunami-affected soil at the genomic level remain largely unknown. In this study, we isolated microbes from a soil sample using general low-nutrient and seawater-based media to investigate microbial characteristics in tsunami-affected soil. RESULTS As expected, a greater proportion of strains isolated from the tsunami-affected soil than the unaffected soil grew in the seawater-based medium. Cultivable strains in both the general low-nutrient and seawater-based media were distributed in the genus Arthrobacter. Most importantly, whole-genome sequencing of four of the isolated Arthrobacter strains revealed independent losses of siderophore-synthesis genes from their genomes. Siderophores are low-molecular-weight, iron-chelating compounds that are secreted for iron uptake; thus, the loss of siderophore-synthesis genes indicates that these strains have adapted to environments with high-iron concentrations. Indeed, chemical analysis confirmed the investigated soil samples to be rich in iron, and culture experiments confirmed weak cultivability of some of these strains in iron-limited media. Furthermore, metagenomic analyses demonstrated over-representation of denitrification-related genes in the tsunami-affected soil sample, as well as the presence of pathogenic and marine-living genera and genes related to salt-tolerance. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the present results would provide an example of microbial characteristics of soil disturbed by the tsunami, which may give an insight into microbial adaptation to drastic environmental changes. Further analyses on microbial ecology after a tsunami are envisioned to develop a deeper understanding of the recovery processes of terrestrial microbial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Hiraoka
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8568, Japan.
| | - Asako Machiyama
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan.
| | - Minoru Ijichi
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan.
| | - Kentaro Inoue
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan.
| | - Kenshiro Oshima
- Center for Omics and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan.
| | - Masahira Hattori
- Center for Omics and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan.
| | - Susumu Yoshizawa
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Kogure
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan.
| | - Wataru Iwasaki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8568, Japan.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan.
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan.
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Takagi H, Tamiru M, Abe A, Yoshida K, Uemura A, Yaegashi H, Obara T, Oikawa K, Utsushi H, Kanzaki E, Mitsuoka C, Natsume S, Kosugi S, Kanzaki H, Matsumura H, Urasaki N, Kamoun S, Terauchi R. MutMap accelerates breeding of a salt-tolerant rice cultivar. Nat Biotechnol 2015; 33:445-9. [PMID: 25798936 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.3188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Takagi
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
| | - Muluneh Tamiru
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
| | - Akira Abe
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yoshida
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Aiko Uemura
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
| | | | - Tsutomu Obara
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kaori Oikawa
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
| | - Hiroe Utsushi
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
| | - Eiko Kanzaki
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Hideo Matsumura
- Gene Research Center, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano, Japan
| | - Naoya Urasaki
- Okinawa Prefectural Agricultural Research Center, Itoman, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Sophien Kamoun
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
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Kozak L, Kokociński M, Niedzielski P, Lorenc S. Bioaccumulation of metals and metalloids in medicinal plant Ipomoea pes-caprae from areas impacted by tsunami. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:252-257. [PMID: 25363516 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Tsunami events may have an enormous impact on the functioning of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems by altering various relationships with biotic components. Concentrations of acid-leachable fractions of heavy metals and metalloids in soils and plant samples from areas affected by the December 2004 tsunami in Thailand were determined. Ipomoea pes-caprae, a common plant species growing along the seashore of this region, and frequently used in folk medicine, was selected to assess the presence of selected elements. Elevated amounts of Cd, Pb, Zn, and As in soil samples, and Pb, Zn, As, Se, Cr, and Ni in plant samples were determined from the tsunami-impacted regions for comparison with reference locations. The flowers of Ipomoea pes-caprae contained the highest amounts of these metals, followed by its leaves, and stems. In addition, its bioaccumulation factor (BAF) supports this capability of high metal uptake by Ipomoea pes-caprae from the areas affected by the tsunami in comparison with a reference site. This uptake was followed by the translocation of these elements to the various plant components. The presence of these toxic metals in Ipomoea pes-caprae growing in contaminated soils should be a concern of those who use this plant for medicinal purposes. Further studies on the content of heavy metals and metalloids in this plant in relation to human health concerns are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Kozak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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11
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Jovanović VS, Mitić V, Mandić SN, Ilić M, Simonović S. Heavy Metals in the Post-catastrophic Soils. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-14526-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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12
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Kuwatani T, Nagata K, Okada M, Watanabe T, Ogawa Y, Komai T, Tsuchiya N. Machine-learning techniques for geochemical discrimination of 2011 Tohoku tsunami deposits. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7077. [PMID: 25399750 PMCID: PMC4233330 DOI: 10.1038/srep07077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Geochemical discrimination has recently been recognised as a potentially useful proxy for identifying tsunami deposits in addition to classical proxies such as sedimentological and micropalaeontological evidence. However, difficulties remain because it is unclear which elements best discriminate between tsunami and non-tsunami deposits. Herein, we propose a mathematical methodology for the geochemical discrimination of tsunami deposits using machine-learning techniques. The proposed method can determine the appropriate combinations of elements and the precise discrimination plane that best discerns tsunami deposits from non-tsunami deposits in high-dimensional compositional space through the use of data sets of bulk composition that have been categorised as tsunami or non-tsunami sediments. We applied this method to the 2011 Tohoku tsunami and to background marine sedimentary rocks. After an exhaustive search of all 262,144 (= 2(18)) combinations of the 18 analysed elements, we observed several tens of combinations with discrimination rates higher than 99.0%. The analytical results show that elements such as Ca and several heavy-metal elements are important for discriminating tsunami deposits from marine sedimentary rocks. These elements are considered to reflect the formation mechanism and origin of the tsunami deposits. The proposed methodology has the potential to aid in the identification of past tsunamis by using other tsunami proxies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsu Kuwatani
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kenji Nagata
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - Masato Okada
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takahiro Watanabe
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Ogawa
- Graduate School of Engineering and Resource Science, Akita University, Akita 010-8502, Japan
| | - Takeshi Komai
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Tsuchiya
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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13
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Bacosa HP, Inoue C. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) biodegradation potential and diversity of microbial consortia enriched from tsunami sediments in Miyagi, Japan. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 283:689-697. [PMID: 25464311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The Great East Japan Earthquake caused tsunamis and resulted in widespread damage to human life and infrastructure. The disaster also resulted in contamination of the environment by chemicals such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This study was conducted to investigate the degradation potential and describe the PAH-degrading microbial communities from tsunami sediments in Miyagi, Japan. PAH-degrading bacteria were cultured by enrichment using PAH mixture or pyrene alone as carbon and energy sources. Among the ten consortia tested for PAH mixture, seven completely degraded fluorene and more than 95% of phenanthrene in 10 days, while only four consortia partially degraded pyrene. Six consortia partially degraded pyrene as a single substrate. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) revealed that each sample was dominated by unique microbial populations, regardless of sampling location. The consortia were dominated by known PAHs degraders including Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, and Sphingobium; and previously unknown degraders such as Dokdonella and Luteimonas. A potentially novel and PAH-degrading Dokdonella was detected for the first time. PAH-ring hydroxylating dioxygenase (PAH-RHDα) gene was shown to be more effective than nidA in estimating pyrene-degrading bacteria in the enriched consortia. The consortia obtained in this study are potential candidates for remediation of PAHs contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernando Pactao Bacosa
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-20, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Marine Science Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, TX 78373, United States.
| | - Chihiro Inoue
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-20, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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Pongpiachan S, Tipmanee D, Deelaman W, Muprasit J, Feldens P, Schwarzer K. Risk assessment of the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in coastal areas of Thailand affected by the 2004 tsunami. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2013; 76:370-8. [PMID: 23993069 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The total concentrations of twelve, likely carcinogenic, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (i.e., phenanthrene (Phe), anthracene (An), fluoranthene (Fluo), pyrene (Pyr), benz[a]anthracene (B[a]A), chrysene (Chry), benzo[b]fluoranthene (B[b]F), benzo[k]fluoranthene (B[k]F), benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (Ind), dibenz[a,h]anthracene (D[a,h]A), and benzo[g,h,i]perylene (B[g,h]P) in backwash deposits of the 2004 Khao Lak tsunami were carefully investigated and compared with the concentrations of world marine sediments (WMS). In general, ∑12PAHs in this study (i.e., 69.43 ± 70.67 ng g(-1)) were considerably lower than those values observed in marine sediments from Boston (54,253 ng g(-1)), coastal sediments from Barcelona Harbour (15,069 ng g(-1)), and riverine sediment from Guangzhou Channel (12,525 ng g(-1)), but were greater than values from coastal sediments in Rosas Bay (12 ng g(-1)), Santa Ponsa Bay (26 ng g(-1)) and Le Planier (34 ng g(-1)). The total toxic benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (TEQ(Carc)) values calculated for Khao Lak coastal sediments (KCS), Khao Lak terrestrial soils (KTS), and Songkhla Lake sediments (SLS) were 10.3 ± 12.2 ng g(-1), 16.0 ± 47.7 ng g(-1), and 5.67 ± 5.39 ng g(-1), respectively. Concentrations of PAHs at all study sites resulted in risk levels that fell into the "acceptable" range of the US EPA model and were much lower than those of other WMS. The cancer risk levels of PAH content in KCS ranged from 7.44 × 10(-8) to 2.90 × 10(-7), with an average of 1.64 × 10(-7) ± 8.01 × 10(-8); this value is 119 times lower than that of WMS. In addition, soil cleanup target levels (SCTLs) for both non-carcinogens (i.e., Phe, An, Fluo and Pyr) and carcinogens (i.e., B[a]A, Chry, B[b]F, B[k]F, B[a]P, Ind, D[a,h]A and B[g,h,i]P) in the KTS samples were estimated for all target groups, with an average value of 115,902 ± 197,229 ng g(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pongpiachan
- NIDA Centre for Research & Development of Disaster Prevention & Management, School of Social and Environmental Development, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA), 118 Moo3, Sereethai Road, Klong-Chan, Bangkapi, Bangkok 10240, Thailand.
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15
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Kozak L, Niedzielski P. The evolution of December 2004 tsunami deposits: temporal and spatial distribution of potentially toxic metalloids. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 93:1856-1865. [PMID: 23850241 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The article presents the results of research into the content of metalloid fractions in the tsunami deposits from southern Thailand. The following fractions, which are potentially most easily released from deposits to the environment, have been distinguished: the water soluble fraction, the exchangeable fraction extracted with the phosphate buffer and the fraction eluted with the solution of hydrochloric acid. The analytical technique atomic absorption spectrometry with hydride generation was applied. Spatial variability of the metalloid fractions in deposits and changes occurring in deposits over a period of several years of observation were determined. Based on the statistical analysis of the results, an attempt was made to determine the post-depositional release of deposits components to the environment. Based on the conducted research, the 4 years forming process of the arsenic, antimony and selenium occurrence after the deposition of sediments on land were described, as well as the balance in the amount of deposit components released to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Kozak
- Department of Water and Soil Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 89b Umultowska Street, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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16
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Ranjan RK, Singh G, Routh J, Ramanathan A. Trace metal fractionation in the Pichavaram mangrove-estuarine sediments in southeast India after the tsunami of 2004. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2013; 185:8197-213. [PMID: 23519846 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-013-3167-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The geochemistry of coastal sediments of southern India was altered after the tsunami in 2004. A five-step sequential extraction procedure was applied to assess the effects of tsunami on mobility and redistribution of selected elements (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn). Ten surface sediments and three cores were analyzed for different metal fractions (exchangeable, carbonate, reduced, oxidized, and residual). Total metal concentrations increased in mangrove sediments after the tsunami, but their spatial distribution did not show significant variation (except Mn). The sediments were mixed by the tsunami, and there was lack of variation in metal concentrations in different fractions with depth (except Pb and Mn). High concentrations of Pb and Zn occurred in the oxide fractions, whereas Cu, Cr, Cd, and Ni were high in the organic and sulfide-rich fractions. Metals in the residual fraction (lattice bound) had the highest concentration suggesting their non-availability and limited biological uptake in the system. Most of the metals (except Mn) do not constitute a risk based on the different geochemical indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Ranjan
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Central University of Bihar, Patna, 800014, India.
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17
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The tandem analytical method of flow injection diode array spectrophotometry and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FI-DAD(vis)-FAAS) in iron speciation studies using 1,10-phenanthroline complexes. Microchem J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Pongpiachan S, Thumanu K, Kositanont C, Schwarzer K, Prietzel J, Hirunyatrakul P, Kittikoon I. Parameters influencing sulfur speciation in environmental samples using sulfur k-edge x-ray absorption near-edge structure. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2012; 2012:659858. [PMID: 23193498 PMCID: PMC3502029 DOI: 10.1155/2012/659858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to enhance the credibility of applying the sulfur K-edge XANES spectroscopy as an innovative "fingerprint" for characterizing environmental samples. The sensitivities of sulfur K-edge XANES spectra of ten sulfur compound standards detected by two different detectors, namely, Lytle detector (LyD) and Germanium detector (GeD), were studied and compared. Further investigation on "self-absorption" effect revealed that the maximum sensitivities of sulfur K-edge XANES spectra were achieved when diluting sulfur compound standards with boron nitride (BN) at the mixing ratio of 0.1%. The "particle-size" effect on sulfur K-edge XANES spectrum sensitivities was examined by comparing signal-to-noise ratios of total suspended particles (TSP) and particulate matter of less than 10 millionths of a meter (PM(10)) collected at three major cities of Thailand. The analytical results have demonstrated that the signal-to-noise ratios of sulfur K-edge XANES spectra were positively correlated with sulfate content in aerosols and negatively connected with particle sizes. The combination of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) has proved that sulfur K-edge XANES spectrum can be used to characterize German terrestrial soils and Andaman coastal sediments. In addition, this study highlighted the capability of sulfur K-edge XANES spectra as an innovative "fingerprint" to distinguish tsunami backwash deposits (TBD) from typical marine sediments (TMS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwatt Pongpiachan
- NIDA Center for Research & Development of Disaster Prevention & Management, School of Social and Environmental Development, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA), 118 Moo 3, Sereethai Road, Klong-Chan, Bangkapi, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Kanjana Thumanu
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), 111 University Avenue, P.O. Box 93, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Charnwit Kositanont
- Inter-Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Graduate Studies, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Klaus Schwarzer
- Institute of Geosciences Sedimentology, Coastal and Continental Shelf Research, Otto-Hahn-Platz 1, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jörg Prietzel
- Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde, Technische Universität München, Weihenstephan 85350 Freising, Germany
| | | | - Itthipon Kittikoon
- Bara Scientific Co., Ltd., 968 Rama 4 Silom Bangrak, Bangkok 10500, Thailand
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19
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Kozak L, Skolasińska K, Niedzielski P. Environmental impact of flood: the study of arsenic speciation in exchangeable fraction of flood deposits of Warta river (Poland) in determination of "finger prints" of the pollutants origin and the ways of the migration. CHEMOSPHERE 2012; 89:257-261. [PMID: 22583783 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 04/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents the application of the hyphenated technique - high-performance liquid chromatography with atomic absorption spectrometry detection with hydride generation (HPLC-HG-AAS) - in the determinations of inorganic forms of arsenic: As(III) and As(V) in the exchangeable fraction of flood deposits. The separation of analytical signals of the determined arsenic forms was obtained using an ion-exchange column in a chromatographic system with the atomic absorption spectrometer as a detector, at the determination limits of 5 ngg(-1) for As(III) and 10 ngg(-1) for As(V). Flood deposits were collected after big flood event in valley of the Warta river which took place in summer 2010. Samples of overbank deposits were taken in Poznań agglomeration and vicinity (NW Poland). The results of determinations of arsenic forms in the exchangeable fraction of flood deposits allowed indication of a hypothetical path of deposits migration transported by a river during flood and environmental threats posed by their deposition by flood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Kozak
- Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Water and Soil Analysis, 24 Drzymaly Street, 60-613 Poznan, Poland
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20
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Lukaszewski Z, Karbowska B, Zembrzuski W, Siepak M. Thallium in fractions of sediments formed during the 2004 tsunami in Thailand. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 80:184-9. [PMID: 22425211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Revised: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2012] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Thallium is a highly toxic element. Its concentration in sediment fractions from the 2004 tsunami in Thailand was investigated. A modified BCR procedure was used for sequential extraction. Tl was determined by flow injection differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. It was found that the majority of thallium in the investigated tsunami sediments (86-97 percent) is entrapped in the alumosilicate parent matter i.e. it is entirely immovable. Only the total destruction of this residual fraction with hydrofluoric acid made this thallium available. The conclusion strongly supports the hypothesis that thallium is mainly entrapped in alumosilicate parent matter. Total thallium concentration in the investigated tsunami sediments was divergent in various samples from 0.37 to 1.13 μg g(-1) and significantly different from the reference area (0.05 μg g(-1)). Tsunami sediment fractions from different sampling points are divergent in terms of total thallium concentration and concentration of mobile thallium. Generally, mobile thallium concentration was growing in sequence: water soluble fraction<exchangeable fraction<reducible fraction<oxidizable fraction. However, in two samples, thallium concentration in the reducible fraction was higher than in the oxidizable fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenon Lukaszewski
- Poznan University of Technology, pl. Sklodowskiej-Curie 5,60-965 Poznan, Poland.
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21
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KENNEDY JOHN, BARRY BERNARD, MARKWITZ ANDREAS, SRISUKSAWAD KANITHA, LIMSAKUL ATSAMON. PIXE ANALYSIS OF SEDIMENTS AFFECTED BY THE DECEMBER 2004 INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1142/s0129083508001570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this project is to apply particle induced X-ray emission analysis for the assessment of elemental variations in sediment samples collected after the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami event in Thailand. Samples were collected in June 2007 at two near-shore locations (C-1 and C-2) along the east coast of Phuket Island. The C-1 and C-2 sites received moderate and low impacts from the tsunami, respectively. For each location, sediment cores of 0.75m were collected. Sediment samples extracted from the cores were dried to constant weight at 60°C. All samples were prepared as a fine homogeneous powder by grinding and passing through a 125 µm sieve. Pellets were pressed from these samples. It was found by comparison with a suite of standard soils and sediments that the Si, Al and K contents of these moderate and low-impact Tsunami effected sediment samples are low by a factor of about two. Chlorine was detected at up to about 20000 ppm in both series with suggestions of a decrease at greater depth in the cores. Iron was detected in all samples, and was found at higher concentration in the samples from the C-1 site with a trend to higher concentration at greater depth. By contrast the two shallow C-2 samples showed a higher concentration than the deeper samples. Titanium was detected at the 1000–2000 ppm level in both series with no discernable depth trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- JOHN KENNEDY
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, P O Box 31312, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
| | - BERNARD BARRY
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, P O Box 31312, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
| | - ANDREAS MARKWITZ
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, P O Box 31312, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
| | - KANITHA SRISUKSAWAD
- Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology, Lard Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - ATSAMON LIMSAKUL
- Environmental Research and Training Center, Technolpolis, Klong 5, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
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22
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Chidambaram S, Ramanathan A, Prasanna MV, Karmegam U, Dheivanayagi V, Ramesh R, Johnsonbabu G, Premchander B, Manikandan S. Study on the hydrogeochemical characteristics in groundwater, post- and pre-tsunami scenario, from Portnova to Pumpuhar, southeast coast of India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2010; 169:553-568. [PMID: 19859821 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-009-1196-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Natural hazards cause great damage to humankind and the surrounding ecosystem. They can cast certain indelible changes on the natural system. One such tsunami event occurred on 26 December 2004 and caused serious damage to the environment, including deterioration of groundwater quality. This study addresses the groundwater quality variation before and after the tsunami from Pumpuhar to Portnova in Tamil Nadu coast using geochemical methods. As a part of a separate Ph.D. study on the salinity of groundwater from Pondicherry to Velankanni, water quality of this region was studied with the collection of samples during November 2004, which indicated that shallow aquifers were not contaminated by sea water in certain locations. These locations were targeted for post-tsunami sample collection during the months of January, March and August 2005 from shallow aquifers. Significant physical mixing (confirmed with mixing models) within the aquifer occurred during January 2005, followed by precipitation of salts in March and complete leaching and dissolution of these salts in the post-monsoon season of August. As a result, maximum impact of tsunami water was observed in August after the onset of monsoon. Tsunami water inundated inland water bodies and topographic lows where it remained stagnant, especially in the near-shore regions. Maximum tsunami inundation occurred along the fluvial distributary channels, and it was accelerated by topography to a certain extent where the southern part of the study area has a gentler bathymetry than the north.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chidambaram
- Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India.
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23
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Kume T, Umetsu C, Palanisami K. Impact of the December 2004 tsunami on soil, groundwater and vegetation in the Nagapattinam District, India. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2009; 90:3147-3154. [PMID: 19540650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2008] [Revised: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 05/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The tsunami of 26 December 2004 struck the Nagapattinam District, Tamil Nadu, India. Sea water inundation from the tsunami caused salinization problems for soil and groundwater in coastal areas of the district, and also induced salt injuries in crops. To document the recovery of the agricultural environment from the tsunami, we conducted observations of the soil, groundwater, and vegetation. Soil electrical conductivity increased sharply after the tsunami, but returned to pre-tsunami levels the following year. Groundwater salinity returned to pre-tsunami levels by 2006. These rapid rates of recovery were due to the monsoon rainfall leaching salt from the highly permeable soils in the area. MODIS NDVI values measured before and after the tsunami showed that vegetation damaged by the tsunami recovered to its pre-tsunami state by the next rice cropping season, called samba, which starts from August to February. From these results, we conclude that the agricultural environment of the district has now fully recovered from the tsunami. Based on the results, we have also identified important management implications for soil, groundwater, and vegetation as follows: 1) due to the heavy monsoon rainfall and the high permeability of soils in this region, anthropogenic inputs like fertilizers should be applied carefully to minimize pollution, and the use of green manure is recommended; 2) areas that were contaminated by sea water extended up to 1000 m from the sea shore and over pumping of groundwater should be carefully avoided to prevent inducing sea water intrusion; and 3) data from a moderate resolution sensor of 250 m, such as MODIS, can be applied to impact assessment in widespread paddy field areas like the Nagapattinam District.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kume
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan.
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24
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Ranjan RK, Ramanathan A, Singh G, Chidambaram S. Assessment of metal enrichments in tsunamigenic sediments of Pichavaram mangroves, southeast coast of India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2008; 147:389-411. [PMID: 18264792 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-007-0128-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2007] [Accepted: 12/19/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The 26 December 2004-Tsunami has deposited sediments in the Pichavaram mangrove ecosystem, east coast of India. Ten surface and three core sediment samples were collected within thirty days of the event. High concentrations of Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, and Ni were observed in the tsunamigenic sediments. With respect to Fe, Zn, and Mn, there was little variation as compared to pre-tsunami values. The geo-accumulation index was calculated in order to assess the contamination of heavy metals in the sediments. The sediments were extremely contaminated with respect to Cd and they showed moderate to strong contamination with respect to Cr, Pb and Ni. The study highlighted the future risk of enhanced metal pollution in near future in this mangrove ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Ranjan
- Biogeochemistry Laboratory, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
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25
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Astel A, Boszke L, Niedzielski P, Kozak L. Application of the self-organizing mapping in exploration of the environmental impact of a tsunami disaster. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2008; 43:1016-1026. [PMID: 18569315 DOI: 10.1080/10934520802059870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A self-organizing map (SOM) algorithm was applied to evaluate the geochemical and environmental impact of 26th December 2004 tsunami, based on interelemental and intersite relations of sediment chemistry. The study was carried out based on data sets, including contents of salts (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Cl and SO(4)) leached with deionized water, heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in acid leachable fraction, metalloids (As, Sb and Se) in exchangeable fraction, as well as both total Hg and mercury in the form of various species (organomercury, water-soluble, acid-soluble, bound to humic matter and bound to sulfides) in sediment samples. SOM-supported exploration were performed for two separate data sets. The first run was applied for analytical results concerning sediments taken less than 50 days after tsunami event while the second one concerned results obtained for samples collected in the same location one year later, after rainy season. In the case of the "2005-run", based on mutual linkage, complete set of variables could be conditionally divided into general groups showing of their patterns related to their major source as "salt" and "wastewater." Classification results revealed natural clusters of sediment samples in relation to their location and to the magnitude of the impact of tsunami wave. Numerous clusters reflect general chemical composition of tsunami sediments while clusters containing isolated sampling locations reflect "site-specific" conditions, partially related to anthropogenic impact. The cleaning effect of the rainy season in Thailand was observed, based on "2006-run" exploration results. The chemical composition of tsunami sediments was unified for 93% of samples. General patterns related to major source of analytes were analogous compared to the "2005-run." These studies demonstrate that SOM has the potential to successfully assist the assessment of the environmental impacts of a tsunami disaster and the role of a tsunami sediments as potential carriers of pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Astel
- Biology and Environmental Protection Institute, Environmental Chemistry Research Unit, Pomeranian Academy, Słupsk, Poland.
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26
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Ranjan RK, Ramanathan AL, Singh G. Evaluation of geochemical impact of tsunami on Pichavaram mangrove ecosystem, southeast coast of India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00254-007-1019-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Boszke L, Astel A. Fractionation of mercury in sediments from coastal zone inundated by tsunami and in freshwater sediments from the rivers. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2007; 42:847-58. [PMID: 17558764 DOI: 10.1080/10934520701373018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The study was undertaken to compare the mobility and bioavailability of mercury in tsunami sediments from the coastal zone of Thailand left after the 26 December 2004 tsunami event and freshwater sediments from the Vistula and the Warta rivers in Poland. The mobility and bioavailability of mercury in these sediments were determined by sequential extraction method. The environmental similarity/differences were estimated by statistical tests and cluster imaging technique. The coastal post-tsunami sediments were characterized by higher contributions of organomercury species (median 14%) and mercury sulphide (75%) than the freshwater sediments (5.4-9.3% and 60-68%, respectively), however, the contributions of water-soluble fraction (0.6%) and mercury bound to humic matter (7.6%) in the former was lower. In the river sediments the contributions of water-soluble mercury and mercury bound to humic matter were: 2.0-5.7% and 16-24%, respectively. The contributions of acid-soluble mercury were generally very low, but relatively higher in the post-tsunami sediments (0.7%) than in the freshwater sediments (0.3-0.4%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Boszke
- Department of Environmental Protection, Collegium Polonicum, Adam Mickiewicz University, Słubice, Poland.
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28
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Evaluation of trace-metal enrichments from the 26 December 2004 tsunami sediments along the Southeast coast of India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00254-007-0777-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Effects of rainy season on mobilization of contaminants from tsunami deposits left in a coastal zone of Thailand by the 26 December 2004 tsunami. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00254-007-0639-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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30
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Impact of tsunami on texture and mineralogy of a major placer deposit in southwest coast of India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00254-006-0450-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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31
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Boszke L, Kowalski A, Szczuciński W, Rachlewicz G, Lorenc S, Siepak J. Assessment of mercury mobility and bioavailability by fractionation method in sediments from coastal zone inundated by the 26 December 2004 tsunami in Thailand. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00254-006-0349-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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