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Ramos RN, Couto SCF, Oliveira TGM, Klinger P, Braga TT, Rego EM, Barbuto JAM, Rocha V. Myeloid Immune Cells CARrying a New Weapon Against Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:784421. [PMID: 34977027 PMCID: PMC8716000 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.784421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) engineering for T cells and natural killer cells (NK) are now under clinical evaluation for the treatment of hematologic cancers. Although encouraging clinical results have been reported for hematologic diseases, pre-clinical studies in solid tumors have failed to prove the same effectiveness. Thus, there is a growing interest of the scientific community to find other immune cell candidate to express CAR for the treatment of solid tumors and other diseases. Mononuclear phagocytes may be the most adapted group of cells with potential to overcome the dense barrier imposed by solid tumors. In addition, intrinsic features of these cells, such as migration, phagocytic capability, release of soluble factors and adaptive immunity activation, could be further explored along with gene therapy approaches. Here, we discuss the elements that constitute the tumor microenvironment, the features and advantages of these cell subtypes and the latest studies using CAR-myeloid immune cells in solid tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Nalio Ramos
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Directed Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Departament of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto D'Or de Ensino e Pesquisa, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samuel Campanelli Freitas Couto
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Directed Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Departament of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Fundação Pró-Sangue-Hemocentro de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Theo Gremen M Oliveira
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Directed Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Departament of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Fundação Pró-Sangue-Hemocentro de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Klinger
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Directed Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Departament of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tarcio Teodoro Braga
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Biosciences and Biotechnology, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz-Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Magalhães Rego
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Directed Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Departament of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto D'Or de Ensino e Pesquisa, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Alexandre M Barbuto
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Directed Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Departament of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de CienciasBiomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanderson Rocha
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Directed Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Departament of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto D'Or de Ensino e Pesquisa, São Paulo, Brazil.,Fundação Pró-Sangue-Hemocentro de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Churchill Hospital, Department of Hematology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Zhou Y, Chen X, Zheng Y, Shen R, Sun S, Yang F, Min J, Bao L, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Wang J, Wang Q. Long Non-coding RNAs and mRNAs Expression Profiles of Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells From PBMCs in AR. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:636477. [PMID: 33644074 PMCID: PMC7906227 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.636477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study is to explore the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) expression profiles of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). DCs are known to play a major role in the regulating function of allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods PBMCs were separately isolated from the human peripheral blood of patients with AR and normal person (NP). The mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay was used to evaluate the function of DCs. Flow cytometry was used to determine the immune regulatory function of immature DCs (imDCs) and mature DCs (mDCs). lncRNAs and mRNAs in the NP group (DCs isolated from NP) and the test group (DCs isolated from patients with AR) were identified via chip technology and bioinformatic analyses. Moreover, bioinformatic analyses were employed to identify the related biological functions of monocyte-derived DCs and construct the functional networks of lncRNAs and mRNAs that are differentially expressed (DE) in imDCs and mDCs. Results MLR was significantly higher in the mDCs group than that in the imDCs group. CD14 was highly expressed in imDCs, whereas HLA-DR, CD80, and CD86 were highly expressed in mDCs (p < 0.001). We identified 962 DE lncRNAs and 308 DE mRNAs in the imDCs of NP and patients with AR. Additionally, there were 601 DE lncRNAs and 168 DE mRNAs in the mDCs in the NP and test groups. Quantitative RT-qPCR was used to study the significant fold changes of lncRNAs and mRNAs. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis found 16 significant regulated pathways in imDCs and 10 significant regulated pathways in mDCs, including the phagosome, cell adhesion signaling pathway, and inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels pathway. Conclusion Our research studied the lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles of monocyte-derived DCs and demonstrated the functional networks that are involved in monocyte-derived DCs-mediated regulation in AR. These results provided possible molecular mechanisms of monocyte-derived DCs in the immunoregulating function and laid the foundation for the molecular therapeutic targets of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Zhou
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfei Zheng
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rongmin Shen
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxian Sun
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Yang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Min
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Bao
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Wang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Than UTT, Le HT, Hoang DH, Nguyen XH, Pham CT, Bui KTV, Bui HTH, Nguyen PV, Nguyen TD, Do TTH, Chu TT, Bui AV, Nguyen LT, Hoang NTM. Induction of Antitumor Immunity by Exosomes Isolated from Cryopreserved Cord Blood Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1834. [PMID: 32155869 PMCID: PMC7084404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Dendritic cell (DC) vaccination has shown outstanding achievements in cancer treatment, although it still has some adverse side effects. Vaccination with DC-derived exosomes has been thought to overcome the side effects of the parental DCs. (2) Method: We performed the experiments to check the ability of cryopreserved umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell-derived DCs (cryo CBMDCs) and their exosomes to prime allogeneic T cell proliferation and allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cell (alloPBMCs) cytotoxicity against A549 lung cancer cells. (3) Results: We found that both lung tumor cell lysate-pulsed DCs and their exosomes could induce allogeneic T cell proliferation. Moreover, alloPBMCs primed with tumor cell lysate-pulsed DCs and their exosomes have a greater cytotoxic activity against A549 cells compared to unprimed cells and cells primed with unpulsed DCs and their exosomes. (4) Conclusion: Tumor cell lysate-pulsed DCs and their exosomes should be considered to develop into a novel immunotherapeutic strategy-e.g., vaccines-for patients with lung cancer. Our results also suggested that cryo umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells source, which is a readily and available source, is effective for generation of allogeneic DCs and their exosomes will be material for vaccinating against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uyen Thi Trang Than
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Healthcare system, Hanoi, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (U.T.T.T.); (H.T.L.); (D.H.H.); (X.-H.N.); (C.T.P.); (H.T.H.B.); (L.T.N.)
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Huyen Thi Le
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Healthcare system, Hanoi, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (U.T.T.T.); (H.T.L.); (D.H.H.); (X.-H.N.); (C.T.P.); (H.T.H.B.); (L.T.N.)
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Vinmec HiTech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (P.V.N.); (T.D.N.); (T.T.C.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Diem Huong Hoang
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Healthcare system, Hanoi, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (U.T.T.T.); (H.T.L.); (D.H.H.); (X.-H.N.); (C.T.P.); (H.T.H.B.); (L.T.N.)
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (K.T.V.B.); (T.T.H.D.)
| | - Xuan-Hung Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Healthcare system, Hanoi, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (U.T.T.T.); (H.T.L.); (D.H.H.); (X.-H.N.); (C.T.P.); (H.T.H.B.); (L.T.N.)
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Cuong Thi Pham
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Healthcare system, Hanoi, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (U.T.T.T.); (H.T.L.); (D.H.H.); (X.-H.N.); (C.T.P.); (H.T.H.B.); (L.T.N.)
- VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (K.T.V.B.); (T.T.H.D.)
| | - Khanh Thi Van Bui
- VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (K.T.V.B.); (T.T.H.D.)
| | - Hue Thi Hong Bui
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Healthcare system, Hanoi, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (U.T.T.T.); (H.T.L.); (D.H.H.); (X.-H.N.); (C.T.P.); (H.T.H.B.); (L.T.N.)
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Phong Van Nguyen
- Vinmec HiTech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (P.V.N.); (T.D.N.); (T.T.C.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Tu Dac Nguyen
- Vinmec HiTech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (P.V.N.); (T.D.N.); (T.T.C.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Thu Thi Hoai Do
- VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (K.T.V.B.); (T.T.H.D.)
| | - Thao Thi Chu
- Vinmec HiTech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (P.V.N.); (T.D.N.); (T.T.C.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Anh Viet Bui
- Vinmec HiTech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (P.V.N.); (T.D.N.); (T.T.C.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Liem Thanh Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Healthcare system, Hanoi, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (U.T.T.T.); (H.T.L.); (D.H.H.); (X.-H.N.); (C.T.P.); (H.T.H.B.); (L.T.N.)
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Nhung Thi My Hoang
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Healthcare system, Hanoi, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (U.T.T.T.); (H.T.L.); (D.H.H.); (X.-H.N.); (C.T.P.); (H.T.H.B.); (L.T.N.)
- VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (K.T.V.B.); (T.T.H.D.)
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Ramos RN, Rodriguez C, Hubert M, Ardin M, Treilleux I, Ries CH, Lavergne E, Chabaud S, Colombe A, Trédan O, Guedes HG, Laginha F, Richer W, Piaggio E, Barbuto JAM, Caux C, Ménétrier-Caux C, Bendriss-Vermare N. CD163 + tumor-associated macrophage accumulation in breast cancer patients reflects both local differentiation signals and systemic skewing of monocytes. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1108. [PMID: 32082570 PMCID: PMC7017151 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The accumulation of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) is correlated with poor clinical outcome, but the mechanisms governing their differentiation from circulating monocytes remain unclear in humans. Methods Using multicolor flow cytometry, we evaluated TAMs phenotype in 93 breast cancer (BC) patients. Furthermore, monocytes from healthy donors were cultured in the presence of supernatants from dilacerated primary tumors to investigate their differentiation into macrophages (MΦ) in vitro. Additionally, we used transcriptomic analysis to evaluate BC patients’ blood monocytes profiles. Results We observed that high intra‐tumor CD163‐expressing TAM density is predictive of reduced survival in BC patients. In vitro, M‐CSF, TGF‐β and VEGF from primary tumor supernatants skewed the differentiation of healthy donor blood monocytes towards CD163highCD86lowIL‐10high M2‐like MΦ that strongly suppressed CD4+ T‐cell expansion via PD‐L1 and IL‐10. In addition, blood monocytes from about 40% of BC patients displayed an altered response to in vitro stimulation, being refractory to type‐1 MΦ (M1‐MΦ) differentiation and secreting higher amounts of immunosuppressive, metastatic‐related and angiogenic cytokines. Aside from showing that monocyte transcriptome is significantly altered by the presence of BC, we also demonstrated an overall metabolic de‐activation in refractory monocytes of BC patients. In contrast, monocytes from sensitive BC patients undergoing normal M1‐MΦ differentiation showed up‐regulation of IFN‐response genes and had no signs of metabolic alteration. Conclusion Altogether, our results suggest that systemic factors skew BC patient blood monocytes towards a pro‐metastatic profile, resulting in the accumulation of further polarised CD163high TAMs resembling type‐2 MΦ (M2‐MΦ) in the local BC microenvironment. These data indicate that monitoring circulating monocytes in BC patients may provide an indication of early systemic alterations induced by cancer and, thus, be instrumental in the development of improved personalised immunotherapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Nalio Ramos
- INSERM U1052 CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon France.,Department of Immunology Institute of Biomedical Sciences - University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Céline Rodriguez
- INSERM U1052 CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon France
| | - Margaux Hubert
- INSERM U1052 CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon France
| | - Maude Ardin
- INSERM U1052 CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon France
| | | | - Carola H Ries
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development Roche Innovation Center Munich Penzberg Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wilfrid Richer
- Institut Curie PSL Research University Paris France.,INSERM U932 Paris France
| | - Eliane Piaggio
- Institut Curie PSL Research University Paris France.,INSERM U932 Paris France
| | - José Alexandre M Barbuto
- Department of Immunology Institute of Biomedical Sciences - University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Christophe Caux
- INSERM U1052 CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon France
| | - Christine Ménétrier-Caux
- INSERM U1052 CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon France
| | - Nathalie Bendriss-Vermare
- INSERM U1052 CNRS 5286 Centre Léon Bérard Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon France
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Helena De Lorenzo B, De Carvalho Ramos M, Antoniazi Michelin M, Candido Murta EF. Progress in the use of Immunotherapy to Treat Uterine Cervical Cancer. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 95:1-7. [DOI: 10.1177/030089160909500101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia has a high incidence in many of the world's populations, and it has been hypothesized to be a precursor of uterine cervical cancer. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia also shares similar pathological traits with human papillomavirus infections. Various surgical treatments have been proposed over the years for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, including conization, hysterectomy and, more recently, a loop electrosurgical excisional procedure. However, a higher recurrence rate of the disease has been observed after these procedures. Therefore, immunotherapy has been proposed as a potential treatment to be used in conjunction with surgery, or independently, as treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Currently, immunotherapy includes the application of recombinant viral proteins, vaccines, or antibody- and dendritic cell-based therapies. In this review, we summarize the development and testing of these immunotherapy approaches, particularly in regard to their application for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Helena De Lorenzo
- Research Institute of Oncology (IPON), Discipline of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Marisa De Carvalho Ramos
- Research Institute of Oncology (IPON), Discipline of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Márcia Antoniazi Michelin
- Research Institute of Oncology (IPON), Discipline of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Eddie Fernando Candido Murta
- Research Institute of Oncology (IPON), Discipline of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Clavijo-Salomon MA, Bergami-Santos PC, M Barbuto JA. Immunomonitoring reveals interruption of anergy after vaccination in a case of type-2-papillary renal cell carcinoma. Immunotherapy 2017; 9:319-329. [PMID: 28303767 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2016-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With the enormous and growing interest in the clinical application of immunotherapy, we are currently facing the need to accurately monitor the immune function of cancer patients. Here, we describe changes in the immune status of a patient with metastatic type-2-papillary renal cell carcinoma, before and after surgery and subsequent immunotherapy with a dendritic cell-tumor cell hybrid vaccine. Through the accurate assessment of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs) function, we show that Mo-DCs were freed from tumor-induced maturation blockage by tumor resection surgery, while Mo-DCs-tumor induced suppression and anergy were only interrupted by the vaccination treatment. Our data suggest that the evaluation of Mo-DCs' function may provide a powerful and precise tool to monitor immune restoration in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Clavijo-Salomon
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Patricia C Bergami-Santos
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - José Alexandre M Barbuto
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508-900, Brazil.,Cell & Molecular Therapy Center NUCEL-NETCEM, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil
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da Costa Souza P, Parra ER, Atanazio MJ, da Silva OB, Noleto GS, Ab'Saber AM, de Morais Fernezlian S, Takagaki T, Capelozzi VL. Different morphology, stage and treatment affect immune cell infiltration and long-term outcome in patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Histopathology 2016; 61:587-96. [PMID: 22716510 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2012.04318.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Development of effective immune-based therapies for patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) depends on an accurate characterization of complex interactions that occur between immune cells and the tumour environment. METHODS AND RESULTS Innate and adaptive immune responses were evaluated in relation to prognosis in 65 patients with surgically excised NSCLC. Immunohistochemistry and morphometry were used to determine the abundance and distribution of immune cells. We found low numbers of immune cells and levels of cytokines in the tumour environment when compared with surrounding parenchyma. Smoking was associated inversely with the adaptive immune response and directly with innate immunity. We observed a prominent adaptive immune response in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) but greater innate immune responses in adenocarcinomas and large cell carcinomas. Cox model analysis showed a low risk of death for smoking <41 packs/year, N0 tambour stage, squamous carcinoma, CD4(+) > 16.81% and macrophages/monocytes >4.5%. Collectively, the data indicate that in NSCLC there is not a substantive local immune cell infiltrate within the tumour. CONCLUSION Although immune cell infiltration is limited in NSCLC it appears to have an impact on prognosis and this may be of relevance for new immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola da Costa Souza
- Department of PathologyDiscipline of Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
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BFD-22 a new potential inhibitor of BRAF inhibits the metastasis of B16F10 melanoma cells and simultaneously increased the tumor immunogenicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 295:56-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Kumar J, Kale V, Limaye L. Umbilical cord blood-derived CD11c(+) dendritic cells could serve as an alternative allogeneic source of dendritic cells for cancer immunotherapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:184. [PMID: 26407613 PMCID: PMC4583174 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0160-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Allogenic dendritic cells (DCs) generated from healthy donors, who are complete or partially HLA-matched, have been used for clinical trials. One of the sources for allogenic DCs is umbilical cord blood (UCB) cells. However, as far as cord blood cells are concerned, looking at their naïve nature, there is a concern as to whether the DCs generated from them will have enough potential to elicit a proper T cell response. For this, we compared CD11c+ UCB-DCs/ Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) with the conventional source, i.e. peripheral blood (PBL) monocyte DCs/CTLs, using various parameters. Methods CD11c+ DCs generated from the two sources were compared morphologically, phenotypically and functionally. Functional assays included antigen uptake, chemotactic migration and MLR (mixed lymphocyte reaction). The CTLs generated were examined for the activation markers, granzyme A & granzyme B, and IFN-γ secretion. MUC1 (STAPPVHNV) peptide-specific CTLs were quantified by Streptamer staining. In vitro CTL activity was assessed by their efficiency in killing MCF-7 cells. For in vivo CTL assay, a xenograft of MCF-7-luc-F5 cells in female NOD/SCID mice was employed. Regression of tumors in mice was monitored using an in vivo imaging system before and after ten days of CTL infusion. Statistical analysis of all the experiments between the two groups was evaluated by one-way ANOVA. Results The CD11c+ DCs from the two sources were morphologically and phenotypically similar. Their capacity to uptake antigen, migration towards CCL-19 and MLR activity were equivalent. UCB-CTLs had significantly higher levels of activation markers, number of MUC1 specific CTLs, IFN-γ secretion and IL-12p70/IL-10 ratio than that of PBL-CTLs. Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained tumor sections showed T cell infiltration, which was further confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. In vivo CTL activity was found to be similar with the two sources. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that CD11c+ UCB-DCs/CTLs are as potent as standard CD11c+ PBL-DC/CTLs and could therefore be used as an allogenic source for therapeutic purposes. The findings of this study could help in taking us one step closer towards the personalized therapy using DC based cancer vaccines. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0160-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeetendra Kumar
- Stem Cell Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India.
| | - Vaijayanti Kale
- Stem Cell Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India.
| | - Lalita Limaye
- Stem Cell Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India.
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10
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Romagnoli GG, Zelante BB, Toniolo PA, Migliori IK, Barbuto JAM. Dendritic Cell-Derived Exosomes may be a Tool for Cancer Immunotherapy by Converting Tumor Cells into Immunogenic Targets. Front Immunol 2015; 5:692. [PMID: 25646096 PMCID: PMC4298225 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) have been attracting attention in cancer immunotherapy because of their role in inducing and modulating effective immune responses. Besides the direct contact with other cell types and the secretion of cytokines, it is becoming clear that nanovesicles, such as exosomes (Exo), secreted by DCs also have a role in their function. Conversely, tumor-derived Exo carry antigens and have been used as a source of specific stimulus for the immune response against tumors. At the same time, several works have shown that different cells types incorporate DC-derived Exo (DC-Exo), resulting in modifications of their phenotype and function. Since DC-Exo carry many of the immune function-associated molecules of DCs, their incorporation by tumor cells could turn tumor cells into immunogenic targets. We have, therefore, treated human breast adenocarcinoma cells (SK-BR-3) with DCs-Exo and used these to stimulate previously SK-BR-3-primed CD3+ T-cells. Sensitized T-cells cultured with DC-Exo-treated tumor cells showed a significantly higher percentage of IFN-γ-secreting cells (as measured by ELISPOT), when compared to the frequency of cells responding to non-DC-Exo-treated cells. These data show that the incorporation of DC-Exo by the tumor cells increased their ability to activate T-cells for a possibly more effective response, thus showing that DC-Exo may become another tool in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziela Gorete Romagnoli
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Bruna Barbosa Zelante
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Patrícia Argenta Toniolo
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Isabella Katz Migliori
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - José Alexandre M Barbuto
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil ; Center for Cellular and Molecular Studies and Therapy (NETCEM), University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
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11
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Hira SK, Verma D, Manna PP. Tumor antigen-/cytokine-pulsed dendritic cells in therapy against lymphoma. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1139:45-56. [PMID: 24619670 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0345-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy using dendritic cells (DCs) is a strategy to deliver tumor antigens in cancer immunotherapy. Co-delivery of antigens to DC with essential components like genes encoding cytokines, chemokines, and other molecules or stimulation with recombinant cytokines is a potential method for designing an effective tumor vaccine protocol. Here, we describe the stimulation of purified splenic- or bone marrow-derived DC with recombinant interleukin-15 (IL-15) in the presence of intact soluble antigen from metastatic lymphoma tumor cells in an experimental animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit K Hira
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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12
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What are the molecules involved in regulatory T-cells induction by dendritic cells in cancer? Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:806025. [PMID: 23762097 PMCID: PMC3674660 DOI: 10.1155/2013/806025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are essential for the maintenance of homeostasis in the organism, and they do that by modulating lymphocyte priming, expansion, and response patterns according to signals they receive from the environment. The induction of suppressive lymphocytes by DCs is essential to hinder the development of autoimmune diseases but can be reverted against homeostasis when in the context of neoplasia. In this setting, the induction of suppressive or regulatory T cells contributes to the establishment of a state of tolerance towards the tumor, allowing it to grow unchecked by an otherwise functional immune system. Besides affecting its local environment, tumor also has been described as potent sources of anti-inflammatory/suppressive factors, which may act systemically, generating defects in the differentiation and maturation of immune cells, far beyond the immediate vicinity of the tumor mass. Cytokines, as IL-10 and TGF-beta, as well as cell surface molecules like PD-L1 and ICOS seem to be significantly involved in the redirection of DCs towards tolerance induction, and recent data suggest that tumor cells may, indeed, modulate distinct DCs subpopulations through the involvement of these molecules. It is to be expected that the identification of such molecules should provide molecular targets for more effective immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer.
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Yu Z, Ma B, Zhou Y, Zhang M, Long H, Wang Y, Fan Q. Allogeneic tumor vaccine produced by electrofusion between osteosarcoma cell line and dendritic cells in the induction of antitumor immunity. Cancer Invest 2011; 25:535-41. [PMID: 17952746 DOI: 10.1080/07357900701508918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fusion of dendritic cells, DCs, with tumor cells is an effective approach for delivering tumor antigens to DCs, and DC-tumor fusion cells are potent stimulators of T cells. However, the integration of allogeneic DC-osteosarcoma fusion cells has not been fully examined. This study was designed to investigate the antitumor effects of tumor vaccine produced by electrofusion between rat osteosarcoma cells and allogeneic DCs. METHODS In the present study, we electrofused Wistar rat bone marrow-derived DCs to SD rat osteosarcoma cells (UMR106) and purified them by monoclonal antibody OX62 and magnetic beads. Coculture of SD or Wistar bone marrow derived T lymphocytes with DC-tumor fusion cells resulted in activation of T cells, and the proportion of CD8(+), CD4(+) cells was determined using flow cytometry. Then cytotoxic T lymphocytes, CTLs, assay was assessed according to results of MTT assay. RESULTS After T cells were cultured with allogeneic DC-osteosarcoma fusion cells, DOF, and effective activation of T cells was observed. The proportion of CD8(+) cells in the SD T cell group increases from 34.16% before induction to 74.85%, while that of CD4(+) cells is from 63.35% to 71.75% in Wistar T cell group. The immunization using allogeneic DC-osteosarcoma vaccine induced UMR106-specific CTL responses which were statistically significant (P < 0.05) and the cytotoxic activity was inhibited by the treatment with anti-CD8 and anti-MHC-class I monoclonal antibodies but not with anti-CD4 and anti-MHC-class II antibodies. CONCLUSION The present study provided valid evidence of integration of rat allogeneic DCs electrofused with tumor cells and analyzed their properties in T cell activation. The fusion cells may thus represent a promising strategy for DC-based immunotherapy of patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yu
- Center of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedics Oncology Institute of Chinese PLSA, Shaanxi, China.
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Immunologic monitoring of cellular responses by dendritic/tumor cell fusion vaccines. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2011:910836. [PMID: 21541197 PMCID: PMC3085507 DOI: 10.1155/2011/910836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 02/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although dendritic cell (DC)- based cancer vaccines induce effective antitumor activities in murine models, only limited therapeutic results have been obtained in clinical trials. As cancer vaccines induce antitumor activities by eliciting or modifying immune responses in patients with cancer, the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) and WHO criteria, designed to detect early effects of cytotoxic chemotherapy in solid tumors, may not provide a complete assessment of cancer vaccines. The problem may, in part, be resolved by carrying out immunologic cellular monitoring, which is one prerequisite for rational development of cancer vaccines. In this review, we will discuss immunologic monitoring of cellular responses for the evaluation of cancer vaccines including fusions of DC and whole tumor cell.
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Successful cross-presentation of allogeneic myeloma cells by autologous alpha-type 1-polarized dendritic cells as an effective tumor antigen in myeloma patients with matched monoclonal immunoglobulins. Ann Hematol 2011; 90:1419-26. [PMID: 21465188 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-011-1219-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
For wide application of a dendritic cell (DC) vaccination in myeloma patients, easily available tumor antigens should be developed. We investigated the feasibility of cellular immunotherapy using autologous alpha-type 1-polarized dendritic cells (αDC1s) loaded with apoptotic allogeneic myeloma cells, which could generate myeloma-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) against autologous myeloma cells in myeloma patients. Monocyte-derived DCs were matured by adding the αDC1-polarizing cocktail (TNFα/IL-1β/IFN-α/IFN-γ/poly-I:C) and loaded with apoptotic allogeneic CD138(+) myeloma cells from other patients with matched monoclonal immunoglobulins as a tumor antigen. There were no differences in the phenotypic expression between αDC1s loaded with apoptotic autologous and allogeneic myeloma cells. Autologous αDC1s effectively took up apoptotic allogeneic myeloma cells from other patients with matched subtype. Myeloma-specific CTLs against autologous target cells were successfully induced by αDC1s loaded with allogeneic tumor antigen. The cross-presentation of apoptotic allogeneic myeloma cells to αDC1s could generate CTL responses between myeloma patients with individual matched monoclonal immunoglobulins. There was no difference in CTL responses between αDC1s loaded with autologous tumor antigen and allogeneic tumor antigen against targeting patient's myeloma cells. Our data indicate that autologous DCs loaded with allogeneic myeloma cells with matched immunoglobulin can generate potent myeloma-specific CTL responses against autologous myeloma cells and can be a highly feasible and effective method for cellular immunotherapy in myeloma patients.
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Cathelin D, Nicolas A, Bouchot A, Fraszczak J, Labbé J, Bonnotte B. Dendritic cell-tumor cell hybrids and immunotherapy: what's next? Cytotherapy 2011; 13:774-85. [PMID: 21299362 DOI: 10.3109/14653249.2011.553593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen-presenting cells currently being used as a cellular adjuvant in cancer immunotherapy strategies. Unfortunately, DC-based vaccines have not demonstrated spectacular clinical results. DC loading with tumor antigens and DC differentiation and activation still require optimization. An alternative technique for providing antigens to DC consists of the direct fusion of dendritic cells with tumor cells. These resulting hybrid cells may express both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules associated with tumor antigens and the appropriate co-stimulatory molecules required for T-cell activation. Initially tested in animal models, this approach has now been evaluated in clinical trials, although with limited success. We summarize and discuss the results from the animal studies and first clinical trials. We also present a new approach to inducing hybrid formation by expression of viral fusogenic membrane glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Cathelin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche 866, France.
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Balan S, Kale VP, Limaye LS. A large number of mature and functional dendritic cells can be efficiently generated from umbilical cord blood-derived mononuclear cells by a simple two-step culture method. Transfusion 2011; 50:2413-23. [PMID: 20497510 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02706.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in the past two decades in dendritic cell (DC) biology paved the way to exploit them as a promising tool in cancer immunotherapy. The prerequisite for DC vaccine preparations is large-scale in vitro generations of homogeneous, mature, and functional DCs. Frequent improvements are being made in the existing in vitro DC production protocols to achieve this goal. In our previous study we reported a large-scale generation of mature, functional DCs from umbilical cord blood (UCB) CD34+ cells. Here we report that this method can be used for the efficient generation of DCs from UCB mononuclear cells (MNCs) and thus the hematopoietic stem cell isolation step is not essential. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS MNCs or CD34+ cells isolated from the same cord blood (CB) samples were used for the generation of DCs. DCs were characterized for morphology, phenotype, and functional assays including antigen uptake, chemotaxis, and mixed leukocyte reaction. Similarly DCs generated from the MNCs of same fresh and frozen CB units were compared. RESULTS The morphologic, phenotypic, and functional characterization of the DCs generated from various sets show that they were comparable in nature irrespective of the starting population used. CONCLUSION We conclude that the CD34+ isolation step is not essential for the generation of mature, functional DCs and thus can be eliminated. More importantly, we show that DCs can be generated with equal efficiency from the MNCs of frozen CB units. Our culture method will be useful for exploiting the potential of UCB as an additional source for allogeneic DCs in the clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreekumar Balan
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune University Campus, Pune, India
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Regulation of tumor immunity by tumor/dendritic cell fusions. Clin Dev Immunol 2010; 2010:516768. [PMID: 21048993 PMCID: PMC2964897 DOI: 10.1155/2010/516768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The goal of cancer vaccines is to induce antitumor immunity that ultimately will reduce tumor burden in tumor environment. Several strategies involving dendritic cells- (DCs)- based vaccine incorporating different tumor-associated antigens to induce antitumor immune responses against tumors have been tested in clinical trials worldwide. Although DCs-based vaccine such as fusions of whole tumor cells and DCs has been proven to be clinically safe and is efficient to enhance antitumor immune responses for inducing effective immune response and for breaking T-cell tolerance to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), only a limited success has occurred in clinical trials. This paper reviews tumor immune escape and current strategies employed in the field of tumor/DC fusions vaccine aimed at enhancing activation of TAAs-specific cytotoxic T cells in tumor microenvironment.
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Progress in Tumor-Dentritic Cell Hybrid Vaccines*. PROG BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2010. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1206.2010.00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Antigen-specific polyclonal cytotoxic T lymphocytes induced by fusions of dendritic cells and tumor cells. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:752381. [PMID: 20379390 PMCID: PMC2850552 DOI: 10.1155/2010/752381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2009] [Revised: 01/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of cancer vaccines is induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) that can reduce the tumor mass. Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells and play a central role in the initiation and regulation of primary immune responses. Thus, DCs-based vaccination represents a potentially powerful strategy for induction of antigen-specific CTLs. Fusions of DCs and whole tumor cells represent an alternative approach to deliver, process, and subsequently present a broad spectrum of antigens, including those known and unidentified, in the context of costimulatory molecules. Once DCs/tumor fusions have been infused back into patient, they migrate to secondary lymphoid organs, where the generation of antigen-specific polyclonal CTL responses occurs. We will discuss perspectives for future development of DCs/tumor fusions for CTL induction.
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Gervais A, Eymard JC, Toulmonde E, Bernard J. Selected allogeneic dendritic cells markedly enhance human tumour antigen-specific T cell response in vitro. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2009; 58:1831-41. [PMID: 19330330 PMCID: PMC11030287 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-009-0694-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Accepted: 03/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alloreaction is known to accumulate several theoretical advantages that can improve dendritic cell (DC)-based anti-infective or antitumour strategies. Allogeneic DC have already been tested in experimental and clinical studies, but their efficacy compared with their autologous counterparts was rarely investigated and conclusions diverge. OBJECTIVE This study compared antigen-specific T cell responses following priming with autologous versus allogeneic DC and examined the possibility of screening these responses in order to select allogeneic DC that lead to a great amplification. RESULTS Allogeneic DC obtained from donors matched with the single HLA-A2 allele were efficient in generating in vitro peptide-specific T cell responses. When randomly chosen, allogeneic DC generated a broad range of antigen-specific T cell responses in comparison with autologous DC. When screened and selected, allogeneic DC markedly enhanced peptide-specific T cell priming and allowed a more efficient boosting of resulting T cells. These selected allogeneic DC provided a favourable cytokinic and cellular environment that can help concurrent antigen-specific responses. CONCLUSION Ex vivo selected allogeneic DC provide adjuvant effects that lead to amplification of concomitant antigen-specific T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alban Gervais
- Institut Jean Godinot, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, Reims, France.
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Balan S, Kale VP, Limaye LS. A simple two-step culture system for the large-scale generation of mature and functional dendritic cells from umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells. Transfusion 2009; 49:2109-21. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02231.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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van de Loosdrecht AA, van den Ancker W, Houtenbos I, Ossenkoppele GJ, Westers TM. Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy in myeloid leukaemia: translating fundamental mechanisms into clinical applications. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2009:319-348. [PMID: 19031033 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-71029-5_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy for leukaemia patients, aiming at the generation of anti-leukaemic T cell responses, could provide a new therapeutic approach to eliminate minimal residual disease (MRD) cells in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Leukaemic blasts harbour several ways to escape the immune system including deficient MHC class II expression, low levels of co-stimulatory molecules and suppressive cytokines. Therapeutic vaccination with dendritic cells (DC) is now recognized as an important investigational therapy. Due to their unique antigen presenting capacity, immunosuppressive features of the leukaemic blasts can be circumvented. DC can be successfully cultured from leukaemic blasts in 60-70% of patients and show functional potential in vivo. Alternatively, monocyte derived DC obtained at time of complete remission loaded with leukaemia-specific antigens can be used as vaccine. Several sources of leukaemia-associated antigen and different methods of loading antigen onto DC have been used in an attempt to optimize antitumour responses including apoptotic cells, necrotic cell lysates and tumour-associated pep-tides. Currently, the AML-derived cell line MUTZ-3, an immortalized equivalent of CD34(+) DC precursor cells, is under investigation for vaccination purposes. For effective DC vaccination the intrinsic tolerant state of the patient must be overcome. Therefore, the development of efficient and safe adjuvants in antigen specific immunotherapeutic programs should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A van de Loosdrecht
- Department of Haematology, VU-Institute of Cancer and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
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Lee JJ, Choi BH, Kang HK, Kim SK, Nam JH, Yang DH, Kim YK, Kim HJ, Chung IJ. Monocyte-derived dendritic cells from HLA-matched allogeneic donors showed a greater ability to induce leukemic cell-specific T cells in comparison to leukemic cell-derived dendritic cells or monocyte-derived dendritic cells from AML patients. Leuk Res 2008; 32:1653-60. [PMID: 18501426 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2008.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2007] [Revised: 03/24/2008] [Accepted: 03/24/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the usefulness of allogeneic monocyte-derived dendritic cells (allogeneic mDCs) pulsed with leukemic lysates in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Allogeneic mDCs showed higher expressions of several molecules (HLA-DR, CD80, CD83 or CD86), higher production of IL-12 and higher capacity to stimulate allogeneic T cells compared to both leukemic DCs and autologous mDCs. Autologous T cells primed by allogeneic mDCs displayed a larger number of interferon-gamma-secreting cells against leukemic cells than those primed by either leukemic DCs or autologous mDCs. These results suggest that monocyte-derived DCs from HLA-matched allogeneic donors can be used as an alternative to generate leukemia-specific cytotoxic T cells and to overcome the limitation of leukemic DCs or autologous mDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Jung Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeonnam, South Korea
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Koido S, Homma S, Hara E, Mitsunaga M, Namiki Y, Takahara A, Nagasaki E, Komita H, Sagawa Y, Ohkusa T, Fujise K, Gong J, Tajiri H. In vitro generation of cytotoxic and regulatory T cells by fusions of human dendritic cells and hepatocellular carcinoma cells. J Transl Med 2008; 6:51. [PMID: 18793383 PMCID: PMC2567290 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-6-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2008] [Accepted: 09/15/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells express WT1 and/or carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as potential targets for the induction of antitumor immunity. In this study, generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and regulatory T cells (Treg) by fusions of dendritic cells (DCs) and HCC cells was examined. Methods HCC cells were fused to DCs either from healthy donors or the HCC patient and investigated whether supernatants derived from the HCC cell culture (HCCsp) influenced on the function of DCs/HCC fusion cells (FCs) and generation of CTL and Treg. Results FCs coexpressed the HCC cells-derived WT1 and CEA antigens and DCs-derived MHC class II and costimulatory molecules. In addition, FCs were effective in activating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells able to produce IFN-γ and inducing cytolysis of autologous tumor or semiallogeneic targets by a MHC class I-restricted mechanism. However, HCCsp induced functional impairment of DCs as demonstrated by the down-regulation of MHC class I and II, CD80, CD86, and CD83 molecules. Moreover, the HCCsp-exposed DCs failed to undergo full maturation upon stimulation with the Toll-like receptor 4 agonist penicillin-inactivated Streptococcus pyogenes. Interestingly, fusions of immature DCs generated in the presence of HCCsp and allogeneic HCC cells promoted the generation of CD4+ CD25high Foxp3+ Treg and inhibited CTL induction in the presence of HCCsp. Importantly, up-regulation of MHC class II, CD80, and CD83 on DCs was observed in the patient with advanced HCC after vaccination with autologous FCs. In addition, the FCs induced WT1- and CEA-specific CTL that were able to produce high levels of IFN-γ. Conclusion The current study is one of the first demonstrating the induction of antigen-specific CTL and the generation of Treg by fusions of DCs and HCC cells. The local tumor-related factors may favor the generation of Treg through the inhibition of DCs maturation; however, fusion cell vaccination results in recovery of the DCs function and induction of antigen-specific CTL responses in vitro. The present study may shed new light about the mechanisms responsible for the generation of CTL and Treg by FCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Koido
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Baleeiro RB, Anselmo LB, Soares FA, Pinto CAL, Ramos O, Gross JL, Haddad F, Younes RN, Tomiyoshi MY, Bergami-Santos PC, Barbuto JAM. High frequency of immature dendritic cells and altered in situ production of interleukin-4 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in lung cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2008; 57:1335-45. [PMID: 18286287 PMCID: PMC11029915 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-008-0468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2007] [Accepted: 01/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antigen-presenting cells, like dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, play a significant role in the induction of an immune response and an imbalance in the proportion of macrophages, immature and mature DCs within the tumor could affect significantly the immune response to cancer. DCs and macrophages can differentiate from monocytes, depending on the milieu, where cytokines, like interleukin (IL)-4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induce DC differentiation and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha induce DC maturation. Thus, the aim of this work was to analyze by immunohistochemistry the presence of DCs (S100+ or CD1a+), macrophages (CD68+), IL-4 and TNF-alpha within the microenvironment of primary lung carcinomas. RESULTS Higher frequencies of both immature DCs and macrophages were detected in the tumor-affected lung, when compared to the non-affected lung. Also, TNF-alpha-positive cells were more frequent, while IL-4-positive cells were less frequent in neoplastic tissues. This decreased frequency of mature DCs within the tumor was further confirmed by the lower frequency of CD14-CD80+ cells in cell suspensions obtained from the same lung tissues analyzed by flow cytometry. CONCLUSION These data are discussed and interpreted as the result of an environment that does not oppose monocyte differentiation into DCs, but that could impair DC maturation, thus affecting the induction of effective immune responses against the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. B. Baleeiro
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1730, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - L. B. Anselmo
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1730, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - F. A. Soares
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Hospital A.C. Camargo, R Prof. Antonio Prudente 211, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP 01509-900 Brazil
| | - C. A. L. Pinto
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Hospital A.C. Camargo, R Prof. Antonio Prudente 211, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP 01509-900 Brazil
| | - O. Ramos
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Hospital A.C. Camargo, R Prof. Antonio Prudente 211, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP 01509-900 Brazil
| | - J. L. Gross
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital A.C. Camargo, R Prof. Antonio Prudente 211, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP 01509-900 Brazil
| | - F. Haddad
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital A.C. Camargo, R Prof. Antonio Prudente 211, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP 01509-900 Brazil
| | - R. N. Younes
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital A.C. Camargo, R Prof. Antonio Prudente 211, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP 01509-900 Brazil
| | - M. Y. Tomiyoshi
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1730, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - P. C. Bergami-Santos
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1730, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - J. A. M. Barbuto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1730, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 Brazil
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de Gruijl TD, van den Eertwegh AJM, Pinedo HM, Scheper RJ. Whole-cell cancer vaccination: from autologous to allogeneic tumor- and dendritic cell-based vaccines. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2008; 57:1569-77. [PMID: 18523771 PMCID: PMC2491427 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-008-0536-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2008] [Accepted: 05/12/2008] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The field of tumor vaccination is currently undergoing a shift in focus, from individualized tailor-made vaccines to more generally applicable vaccine formulations. Although primarily predicated by financial and logistic considerations, stemming from a growing awareness that clinical development for wide-scale application can only be achieved through backing from major pharmaceutical companies, these new approaches are also supported by a growing knowledge of the intricacies and minutiae of antigen presentation and effector T-cell activation. Here, the development of whole-cell tumor and dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines from an individualized autologous set-up to a more widely applicable allogeneic approach will be discussed as reflected by translational studies carried out over the past two decades at our laboratories and clinics in the vrije universiteit medical center (VUmc) in Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja D de Gruijl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Amria S, Cameron C, Stuart R, Haque A. Defects in HLA class II antigen presentation in B-cell lymphomas. Leuk Lymphoma 2008; 49:353-5. [PMID: 18231926 DOI: 10.1080/10428190701814305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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von Euw EM, Barrio MM, Furman D, Levy EM, Bianchini M, Peguillet I, Lantz O, Vellice A, Kohan A, Chacón M, Yee C, Wainstok R, Mordoh J. A phase I clinical study of vaccination of melanoma patients with dendritic cells loaded with allogeneic apoptotic/necrotic melanoma cells. Analysis of toxicity and immune response to the vaccine and of IL-10 -1082 promoter genotype as predictor of disease progression. J Transl Med 2008; 6:6. [PMID: 18221542 PMCID: PMC2265680 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-6-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2007] [Accepted: 01/25/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sixteen melanoma patients (1 stage IIC, 8 stage III, and 7 stage IV) were treated in a Phase I study with a vaccine (DC/Apo-Nec) composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with a mixture of apoptotic/necrotic allogeneic melanoma cell lines (Apo-Nec), to evaluate toxicity and immune responses. Also, IL-10 1082 genotype was analyzed in an effort to predict disease progression. METHODS PBMC were obtained after leukapheresis and DCs were generated from monocytes cultured in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4 in serum-free medium. Immature DCs were loaded with gamma-irradiated Apo-Nec cells and injected id without adjuvant. Cohorts of four patients were given four vaccines each with 5, 10, 15, or 20 x 106 DC/Apo-Nec cell per vaccine, two weeks apart. Immune responses were measured by ELISpot and tetramer analysis. Il-10 genotype was measured by PCR and corroborated by IL-10 production by stimulated PBMC. RESULTS Immature DCs efficiently phagocytosed melanoma Apo-Nec cells and matured after phagocytosis as evidenced by increased expression of CD83, CD80, CD86, HLA class I and II, and 75.2 +/- 16% reduction in Dextran-FITC endocytosis. CCR7 was also up-regulated upon Apo-Nec uptake in DCs from all patients, and accordingly DC/Apo-Nec cells were able to migrate in vitro toward MIP-3 beta. The vaccine was well tolerated in all patients. The DTH score increased significantly in all patients after the first vaccination (Mann-Whitney Test, p < 0.05). The presence of CD8+T lymphocytes specific to gp100 and Melan A/MART-1 Ags was determined by ELISpot and tetramer analysis in five HLA-A*0201 patients before and after vaccination; one patient had stable elevated levels before and after vaccination; two increased their CD8 + levels, one had stable moderate and one had negligible levels. The analysis of IL-10 promoter -1082 polymorphism in the sixteen patients showed a positive correlation between AA genotype, accompanied by lower in vitro IL-10 production by stimulated PBMC, and faster melanoma progression after lymph nodes surgery (p = 0.04). With a mean follow-up of 49.5 months post-surgery, one stage IIC patient and 7/8 stage III patients remain NED but 7/7 stage IV patients have progressed. CONCLUSION We conclude that DC/Apo-Nec vaccine is safe, well tolerated and it may induce specific immunity against melanoma Ags. Patients with a low-producing IL-10 polymorphism appear to have a worst prognosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov (NHI) NCT00515983.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika M von Euw
- Centro de Investigaciones Oncológicas FUCA, Cramer 1180, (1426) Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Sousa-Canavez JM, Canavez FC, Leite KRM, Camara-Lopes LH. Therapeutic dendritic cell vaccine preparation using tumor RNA transfection: a promising approach for the treatment of prostate cancer. GENETIC VACCINES AND THERAPY 2008; 6:2. [PMID: 18205933 PMCID: PMC2259348 DOI: 10.1186/1479-0556-6-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2007] [Accepted: 01/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early prostate adenocarcinoma can be diagnosed through seric prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screenings. However, a fraction of patients progress to an incurable metastatic disease. Therefore, novel therapies for treating these patients are extremely desirable. Therapeutic vaccines based on Dendritic Cells (DCs) carrying tumor antigens have emerged as a promising strategy to initiate an immune response against tumor cells. These vaccines can be prepared using different methodologies, such as the application of tumor mRNA described in this work. METHODS Mature and immature DCs were obtained in vitro by adding specific cytokines to monocyte cell cultures. RNA extracted from prostate tumor lineage (LNCAP) was introduced into these cells by electroporation and co-incubation. Transfection success was measured by immunocytochemistry of the PSA expression level in DCs. RESULTS Cell surface markers, including CD14, CD80, CD86, CCR7, CD11c, and CD1a, confirmed mature and immature DC phenotypes. Both cell maturation stages were successfully used for RNA introduction as shown by PSA characterization. CONCLUSION Our data support the use of mature and immature DCs for vaccine preparation with either RNA electroporation or RNA co-incubation. The highest efficiency, however, was observed when RNA was delivered by electroporation into mature DCs. Due to in vitro RNA transcription, this method allows small tumors to be used for DC vaccine preparation; it is therefore a promising approach for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana M Sousa-Canavez
- Oncocell Division, Genoa Biotechnology SA, Alameda Ministro Rocha Azevedo, 346, 1floor, 01410-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Flavio C Canavez
- Oncocell Division, Genoa Biotechnology SA, Alameda Ministro Rocha Azevedo, 346, 1floor, 01410-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kátia RM Leite
- Oncocell Division, Genoa Biotechnology SA, Alameda Ministro Rocha Azevedo, 346, 1floor, 01410-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica da Disciplina de Urologia da Faculdade de Medicina de USP-LIM 55, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz H Camara-Lopes
- Oncocell Division, Genoa Biotechnology SA, Alameda Ministro Rocha Azevedo, 346, 1floor, 01410-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Merrick A, Diaz RM, O'Donnell D, Selby P, Vile R, Melcher A. Autologous versus allogeneic peptide-pulsed dendritic cells for anti-tumour vaccination: expression of allogeneic MHC supports activation of antigen specific T cells, but impairs early naïve cytotoxic priming and anti-tumour therapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2007; 57:897-906. [PMID: 18057935 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-007-0426-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2007] [Accepted: 11/10/2007] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with MHC class I-restricted tumour associated antigen (TAA) peptides have been widely tested in pre-clinical models and early clinical studies for their ability to prime cytotoxic T cell (CTL) responses. The effect of co-expression of allogeneic MHC antigens on DC immunogenicity has not been addressed, and has implications for the feasibility of clinical applications. OBJECTIVE This study compared DC from autologous H-2(b) or semi-allogeneic F1 H-2(bxk) mice pulsed with the H-2(b)-restricted model ovalbumin (OVA) peptide SIINFEKL, and compared in vitro and in vivo their ability to (i) activate specific OT1 cells, (ii) prime naïve CTL, and (iii) protect against B16.OVA challenge. Peptide-pulsed autologous and allogeneic DC were also tested in naïve human CTL priming assays. RESULTS Semi-allogeneic DC expressed higher levels of co-stimulatory molecules. On pulsing with SIINFEKL they triggered greater proliferation of OT1 cells in vitro and in vivo, but were less effective at naïve CTL priming and tumour protection. Autologous human DC were similarly more potent at naïve CTL priming against the melanoma-associated TAA MART-1 in vitro. CONCLUSION The expression of allogeneic MHC antigens on peptide-pulsed DC impairs naïve CTL priming and anti-tumour effects, despite effective TAA presentation both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Merrick
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Centre, St James's University Hospital, Beckett St, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
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32
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Agostino NM, Ali A, Nair SG, Mosca PJ. Current Immunotherapeutic Strategies in Malignant Melanoma. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2007; 16:945-73, xi. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2007.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Shurin MR, Shurin GV, Lokshin A, Yurkovetsky ZR, Gutkin DW, Chatta G, Zhong H, Han B, Ferris RL. Intratumoral cytokines/chemokines/growth factors and tumor infiltrating dendritic cells: friends or enemies? Cancer Metastasis Rev 2007; 25:333-56. [PMID: 17029028 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-006-9010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment consists of a variable combination of tumor cells, stromal fibroblasts, endothelial cells and infiltrating leukocytes, such as macrophages, T lymphocytes, and dendritic cells. A variety of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors are produced in the local tumor environment by different cells accounting for a complex cell interaction and regulation of differentiation, activation, function and survival of multiple cell types. The interaction between cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and their receptors forms a comprehensive network at the tumor site, which is primary responsible for overall tumor progression and spreading or induction of antitumor immune responses and tumor rejection. Although the general thought is that dendritic cells are among the first cells migrating to the tumor site and recognizing tumor cells for the induction of specific antitumor immunity, the clinical relevance of dendritic cells at the site of the tumor remains a matter of debate regarding their role in the generation of successful antitumor immune responses in human cancers. While several lines of evidence suggest that intratumoral dendritic cells play an important role in antitumor immune responses, understanding the mechanisms of dendritic cell/tumor cell interaction and modulation of activity and function of different dendritic cell subtypes at the tumor site is incomplete. This review is limited to discussing the role of intratumoral cytokine network in the understanding immunobiology of tumor-associated dendritic cells, which seems to possess different regulatory functions at the tumor site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Shurin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Sevko AL, Barysik N, Perez L, Shurin MR, Gerein V. Differences in dendritic cell activation and distribution after intravenous, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous injection of lymphoma cells in mice. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2007; 601:257-64. [PMID: 17713013 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-72005-0_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for initiating immune responses. However, in recent years, several groups have shown the defective function of DCs in tumor-bearing mice and in cancer patients. Our aim was to study the effects of lymphoma on DC differentiation and maturation and to assess the input of the tumor microenvironment and intravasation of tumor cells on DC precursors. EL-4 lymphoma cells were administrated via different routes (intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and intravenous) and DC phenotype was investigated. Bone marrow-derived DCs and APCs obtained from the spleen were examined by flow cytometry, and immunohistochemical analysis of lymphoma, lungs, livers, and spleens was also performed. Intravenous administration of lymphoma cells induced suppression of DC differentiation and maturation assessed as a significant decrease of the IAb, CD80, CD86, CD11b, and CD11c expression on DCs and IAb on splenic APCs. Upregulation of APC differentiation was observed in animals after subcutaneous and intraperitoneal administration of lymphoma cells determined as increased expression of CD40 and CD86 in spleen APCs. These data suggest that the development of antitumor immune response might differ in the host receiving tumor vaccines via different injection routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Sevko
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Jack A, Boyes C, Aydin N, Alam K, Wallack M. The treatment of melanoma with an emphasis on immunotherapeutic strategies. Surg Oncol 2006; 15:13-24. [PMID: 16815006 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2006.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma continues to be one of the most difficult to treat of all solid tumors. Many new advances have been made in the surgical management of melanoma, including new guidelines for margins of excision, as well as sentinel node biopsy for the diagnosis of lymph node micrometastases. The search continues for an effective adjuvant melanoma treatment that can prevent local and distant recurrences. Melanoma is one of the most immunogenic of all tumors, and several clinical trials testing the immunotherapy of melanoma have been conducted, including trials in interferon, interleukin-2, and melanoma vaccines. Here we discuss many of the recent clinical trials in the surgical management of melanoma, in addition to the advances that have been made in the field of immunotherapy. A new second-generation melanoma vaccine, DC-MelVac (patent # 11221/5), has recently been granted FDA approval for Phase I clinical trials and will be introduced in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Jack
- Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Saint Vincent's Catholic Medical Centers/New York Medical College, 153 West 11th Street, Cronin Building, Room 667, New York, NY 10011, USA
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Farkas A, Conrad C, Tonel G, Borbenyi Z, Kemeny L, Dobozy A, Nestle FO. Current State and Perspectives of Dendritic Cell Vaccination in Cancer Immunotherapy. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2006; 19:124-31. [PMID: 16612139 DOI: 10.1159/000092592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2005] [Accepted: 06/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in the approach towards immunotherapy of cancer consists in molecular definition of tumor antigens, new tools for phenotypical and functional characterization of tumor-specific effector cells and clinical use of novel adjuvants for optimal stimulation of a cancer-specific immune response such as dendritic cells. In spite of these advances and immunological as well as clinical responses in selected patients, mechanisms involved in dendritic-cell-based cancer immunotherapy are still poorly understood. Therefore, a standardized study design and small pilot trials are needed to explore open scientific questions in future clinical trials. This review focuses on the different parameters of dendritic cell biology relevant to cancer immunotherapy and on innovative approaches to hopefully enhance the efficacy of dendritic cell vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Farkas
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Lim JB, Provenzano M, Kwon OH, Bettinotti M, Caruccio L, Nagorsen D, Stroncek D. Identification of HLA-A33-restricted CMV pp65 epitopes as common targets for CD8(+) CMV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Exp Hematol 2006; 34:296-307. [PMID: 16543064 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2005.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2005] [Revised: 12/05/2005] [Accepted: 12/06/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify an immunodominant HLA-A33-restricted epitope within the CMV matrix phosphoprotein 65 (pp65) that could be used to elicit CMV-specific CTLs. METHODS A computer algorithm was used to identify pp65 peptides that were expected to bind to HLA-A33. The peptides were screened for their ability to reactivate memory T lymphocytes from CMV-seropositive HLA-A33 donors by using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. The most promising peptides were then tested for their ability to expand a CD8(+) population of HLA-A33 CTLs that produced interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and were cytotoxic to either peptide-loaded or CMV-infected target cells. RESULTS Sixteen out of 250 peptides were selected using a computer algorithm and peptide stimulation by 8 out of the 16 induced a significant quantity of IFN-gamma mRNA transcript from CMV-seropositive HLA-A33 peripheral blood mononuclear cells. All the eight peptides induced consistent T-cell reactivation. One specifically, the peptide pp65(91-100) (SVNVHNPTGR), proved to be more active. T cells in vitro sensitized for 2 or 3 weeks with pp65(91-100) were cytotoxic to both HLA-A33 peptide-loaded and CMV-infected target cells. CONCLUSIONS CMV pp65(91-100) is a new HLA-A33-restricted peptide that broadens the list of antigenic determinants that can be used for CMV adoptive immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Baeck Lim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review we will highlight the recent novel contributions to the treatment of renal cell carcinoma in the fields of anti-angiogenesis, immunotherapeutics, and surgical management. In addition, this review will update recent advances in diagnostic and imaging modalities for renal cell carcinoma and dietary and environmental relationships to the epidemiology of this growing disease. RECENT FINDINGS Advancements in the use of innovative treatment strategies for the management of localized renal cell carcinoma and the introduction of new targeted therapeutics with benefit in the metastatic setting has produced a major impact on the treatment of this disease. SUMMARY The management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma has undergone a revolution in the past year with groundbreaking treatment strategies encompassing a broad range of therapeutic modalities. At the other end of the spectrum, emerging data is beginning to change our perspective about the management of small, localized renal tumors that are being discovered with increasing frequency. This review will update recent findings supporting diet and tobacco exposure as etiologic factors in the development of renal cell carcinoma, the molecular concepts that underlie the disease and the targeted therapeutics designed to inhibit specific kinase activities, and emerging use of minimally invasive therapies for localized disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian I Rini
- Department of Solid Tumor Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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