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Haynes WA, Kamath K, Waitz R, Daugherty PS, Shon JC. Protein-Based Immunome Wide Association Studies (PIWAS) for the Discovery of Significant Disease-Associated Antigens. Front Immunol 2021; 12:625311. [PMID: 33986742 PMCID: PMC8110919 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of the antigens associated with antibodies is vital to understanding immune responses in the context of infection, autoimmunity, and cancer. Discovering antigens at a proteome scale could enable broader identification of antigens that are responsible for generating an immune response or driving a disease state. Although targeted tests for known antigens can be straightforward, discovering antigens at a proteome scale using protein and peptide arrays is time consuming and expensive. We leverage Serum Epitope Repertoire Analysis (SERA), an assay based on a random bacterial display peptide library coupled with next generation sequencing (NGS), to power the development of Protein-based Immunome Wide Association Study (PIWAS). PIWAS uses proteome-based signals to discover candidate antibody-antigen epitopes that are significantly elevated in a subset of cases compared to controls. After demonstrating statistical power relative to the magnitude and prevalence of effect in synthetic data, we apply PIWAS to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, n=31) and observe known autoantigens, Smith and Ribosomal protein P, within the 22 highest scoring candidate protein antigens across the entire human proteome. We validate the magnitude and location of the SLE specific signal against the Smith family of proteins using a cohort of patients who are positive by predicate anti-Sm tests. To test the generalizability of the method in an additional autoimmune disease, we identified and validated autoantigenic signals to SSB, CENPA, and keratin proteins in a cohort of individuals with Sjogren’s syndrome (n=91). Collectively, these results suggest that PIWAS provides a powerful new tool to discover disease-associated serological antigens within any known proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathy Kamath
- Serimmune, Inc., Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | | | | | - John C Shon
- Serimmune, Inc., Santa Barbara, CA, United States
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Memon A, Lee WK. KLF10 as a Tumor Suppressor Gene and Its TGF-β Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E161. [PMID: 29799499 PMCID: PMC6025274 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10060161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 10 (KLF10), originally named TGF-β (Transforming growth factor beta) inducible early gene 1 (TIEG1), is a DNA-binding transcriptional regulator containing a triple C2H2 zinc finger domain. By binding to Sp1 (specificity protein 1) sites on the DNA and interactions with other regulatory transcription factors, KLF10 encourages and suppresses the expression of multiple genes in many cell types. Many studies have investigated its signaling cascade, but other than the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, these are still not clear. KLF10 plays a role in proliferation, differentiation as well as apoptosis, just like other members of the SP (specificity proteins)/KLF (Krüppel-like Factors). Recently, several studies reported that KLF10 KO (Knock out) is associated with defects in cell and organs such as osteopenia, abnormal tendon or cardiac hypertrophy. Since KLF10 was first discovered, several studies have defined its role in cancer as a tumor suppressor. KLF10 demonstrate anti-proliferative effects and induce apoptosis in various carcinoma cells including pancreatic cancer, leukemia, and osteoporosis. Collectively, these data indicate that KLF10 plays a significant role in various biological processes and diseases, but its role in cancer is still unclear. Therefore, this review was conducted to describe and discuss the role and function of KLF10 in diseases, including cancer, with a special emphasis on its signaling with TGF-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Memon
- Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea.
| | - Woon Kyu Lee
- Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea.
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Liu P, Jin Y, Sattar H, Liu H, Xie W, Zhou F. Natural killer cell immunotherapy against multiple myeloma: Progress and possibilities. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 103:821-828. [PMID: 29733502 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2ru0517-176rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Liu
- Department of Hematology; Zhongnan Hospital; Wuhan University; Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Yanxia Jin
- Department of Hematology; Zhongnan Hospital; Wuhan University; Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Haseeb Sattar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy; Wuhan Union Hospital; affiliated Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Hailing Liu
- Department of Clinical Hematology; Second Affiliated Hospital; Xi'an Jiao Tong University; Xi'an P.R. China
| | - Weiling Xie
- Department of Hematology; Zhongnan Hospital; Wuhan University; Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Fuling Zhou
- Department of Hematology; Zhongnan Hospital; Wuhan University; Wuhan P.R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior; Wuhan P.R. China
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Klausz K, Cieker M, Kellner C, Oberg HH, Kabelitz D, Valerius T, Burger R, Gramatzki M, Peipp M. A novel Fc-engineered human ICAM-1/CD54 antibody with potent anti-myeloma activity developed by cellular panning of phage display libraries. Oncotarget 2017; 8:77552-77566. [PMID: 29100408 PMCID: PMC5652799 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify antibodies suitable for multiple myeloma (MM) immunotherapy, a cellular screening approach was developed using plasma cell lines JK-6L and INA-6 and human synthetic single-chain fragment variable (scFv) phage libraries. Isolated phage antibodies were screened for myeloma cell surface reactivity. Due to its binding characteristics, phage PIII-15 was selected to generate the scFv-Fc fusion protein TP15-Fc with an Fc domain optimized for FcγRIIIa binding. Various MM cell lines and patient-derived CD138-positive malignant plasma cells, but not granulocytes, B or T lymphocytes from healthy donors were recognized by TP15-Fc. Human intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1/CD54) was identified as target antigen by using transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Of note, no cross-reactivity of TP15-Fc with mouse ICAM-1 transfected cells was detected. TP15-Fc was capable to induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against different human plasma cell lines and patients' myeloma cells with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and purified NK cells. Importantly, TP15-Fc showed potent in vivo efficacy and completely prevented growth of human INA-6.Tu1 plasma cells in a xenograft SCID/beige mouse model. Thus, the novel ADCC-optimized TP15-Fc exerts potent anti-myeloma activity and has promising characteristics to be further evaluated for MM immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Klausz
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Cieker
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Kellner
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hans-Heinrich Oberg
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Kabelitz
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Valerius
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Renate Burger
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Martin Gramatzki
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Peipp
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Lu C, Meng S, Jin Y, Zhang W, Li Z, Wang F, Wang-Johanning F, Wei Y, Liu H, Tu H, Su D, He A, Cao X, Zhou F. A novel multi-epitope vaccine from MMSA-1 and DKK1 for multiple myeloma immunotherapy. Br J Haematol 2017; 178:413-426. [PMID: 28508448 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The identification of novel tumour-associated antigens is urgently needed to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy for multiple myeloma (MM). In this study, we identified a membrane protein MMSA-1 (multiple myeloma special antigen-1) that was specifically expressed in MM and exhibited significantly positive correlation with MM. We then identified HLA-A*0201-restricted MMSA-1 epitopes and tested their cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response. The MMSA-1 epitope SLSLLTIYV vaccine was shown to induce an obvious CTL response in vitro. To improve the immunotherapy, we constructed a multi-epitope peptide vaccine by combining epitopes derived from MMSA-1 and Dickkopf-1 (DKK1). The effector T cells induced by multi-epitope peptide vaccine-loaded dendritic cells lysed U266 cells more effectively than MMSA-1/DKK1 single-epitope vaccine. In myeloma-bearing severe combined immunodeficient mice, the multi-epitope vaccine improved the survival rate significantly compared with single-epitope vaccine. Consistently, multi-epitope vaccine decreased the tumour volume greatly and alleviated bone destruction. The frequencies of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was significantly increased in mouse blood induced by the multi-epitope vaccine, indicating that it inhibits myeloma growth by changing T cell subsets and alleviating immune paralysis. This study identified a novel peptide from MMSA-1 and the multi-epitope vaccine will be used to establish appropriate individualized therapy for MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Lu
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shan Meng
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanxia Jin
- Department of Haematology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wanggang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zongfang Li
- National-local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Biodiagnostics & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Yongchang Wei
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hailing Liu
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Honglei Tu
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aili He
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xingmei Cao
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fuling Zhou
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Haematology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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He R, Yang N, Zhang P, Liu J, Li J, Zhou F, Zhang W. Identification and expression of MMSA-8, and its clinical significance in multiple myeloma. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:3235-3243. [PMID: 28498418 PMCID: PMC5442394 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In our previous studies, we identified 12 multiple myeloma (MM)-associated antigens by serological analysis of tumor-associated antigens with a recombinant cDNA expression library (SEREX) on MM. MM-associated antigen-8 (MMSA-8) was one of the new antigens identified. We determined the 3′- and 5′-ends of MMSA-8 using SMART-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and then cloned its full-length cDNA in the U266 cell line. The full cDNA sequence revealed that MMSA-8 is RPS27A-related transcript variant 1 that is specifically associated with MM. We examined its prognostic significance for the first time, by investigating the correlations between MMSA-8 expression and definite clinicopathological features. We quantitatively assessed MMSA-8 expression using qRT-PCR and western blot analysis in healthy donors and MM patients. The expression levels of MMSA-8 were upregulated with statistical significance in MM patients in contrast to those in healthy donors. The expression of MMSA-8 was also upregulated in relapsed patients compared with that in the complete remission (CR) group. Contrasting MMSA-8 expression levels in different patients with definite clinicopathological features suggested an association between MMSA-8 with unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics, such as international staging system (ISS) stage III, higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The expression of MMSA-8 was also increased in patients with unfavorable cytogenetic and genetic abnormalities, including the presence of t(11;14), t(4;14), t(14;16), del(17p), del(13q) and p53 deletion, which was statistically significant. The expression of MMSA-8 exhibited significant variance in the treatment responses of the CR, PR, progression and relapse groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that high MMSA-8 values were associated with poorer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in MM patients independently. In conclusion, our data indicated that MMSA-8 is an independent and unfavorable prognostic risk factor in MM; MMSA-8 is also a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target in MM patients, but further validation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui He
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Pengyu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Junhui Li
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Fulin Zhou
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Wanggang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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7
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A transplant “immunome” screening platform defines a targetable epitope fingerprint of multiple myeloma. Blood 2016; 127:3202-14. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-10-676536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
The myeloma transplant B-cell immunome is predictive for response to treatment. It may be exploited by immunosequencing and library technology as a source for unique target structures and antibodies for immunotherapy.
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Meng S, Lu C, Zhang W, Shen W, Wei Y, Su D, Zhou F. MMSA-1 expression pattern in multiple myeloma and its clinical significance. Clin Exp Med 2015; 16:599-609. [PMID: 26493349 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-015-0393-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma-associated antigen-1 (MMSA-1) is a novel multiple myeloma (MM)-associated antigen which has been recently identified. Herein, we have tried to examine its clinical significance by studying the relationship between its expression and selected clinicopathological features. We extracted mononuclear cells from the bone marrow of MM patients and healthy donors and compared the MMSA-1 expression by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. In addition, we also analyzed MMSA-1 expression in patients that were grouped based on selected clinical parameters. Moreover, the impact of MMSA-1 on patients' survival was also explored. MMSA-1 mRNA and protein were significantly upregulated in MM patients in comparison with healthy donors. Moreover, among the newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory patients, the MMSA-1 expression was higher in relapsed/refractory patients. In addition, MMSA-1 mRNA expression not only showed significantly higher correlation with clinical parameters such as age, Durie and Salmon stage, bone lesion condition, albumin, creatinine and lactate dehydrogenase but also has a close relationship with myeloma bone disease-related cytokines, genetic abnormalities and treatment response. Multivariate COX analysis predicted MMSA-1 and LDH levels to be independently associated with a poor progression-free survival and overall survival in myeloma patients. Our findings provide initial proof of concept that MMSA-1 is a potent gene that is specifically expressed in MM patients and could be a feasible biomarker and independent prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Meng
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, West Five Road, No. 157, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyang Lu
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, West Five Road, No. 157, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanggang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, West Five Road, No. 157, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenjun Shen
- Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yongchang Wei
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, West Five Road, No. 157, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuling Zhou
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, West Five Road, No. 157, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
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Abroun S, Saki N, Fakher R, Asghari F. Biology and bioinformatics of myeloma cell. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 18:30-41. [PMID: 23253865 DOI: 10.1532/lh96.11003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder that occurs in about 10% of all hematologic cancers. The majority of patients (99%) are over 50 years of age when diagnosed. In the bone marrow (BM), stromal and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are responsible for the production of blood cells. Therefore any destruction or/and changes within the BM undesirably impacts a wide range of hematopoiesis, causing diseases and influencing patient survival. In order to establish an effective therapeutic strategy, recognition of the biology and evaluation of bioinformatics models for myeloma cells are necessary to assist in determining suitable methods to cure or prevent disease complications in patients. This review presents the evaluation of molecular and cellular aspects of MM such as genetic translocation, genetic analysis, cell surface marker, transcription factors, and chemokine signaling pathways. It also briefly reviews some of the mechanisms involved in MM in order to develop a better understanding for use in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Abroun
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Rahlff J, Trusch M, Haag F, Bacher U, Horst A, Schlüter H, Binder M. Antigen-specificity of oligoclonal abnormal protein bands in multiple myeloma after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012; 61:1639-51. [PMID: 22350072 PMCID: PMC11029419 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1220-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Myeloma patients may develop oligoclonal immunoglobulins, so-called abnormal protein bands (APB), after stem cell transplantation. APB do not correspond to the patient's paraprotein and confer a good prognosis. We set out to investigate whether such APB represent a humoral anti-myeloma immune response by screening immunoglobulins of 15 myeloma patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation and a control group of healthy donors for reactivity with myeloma protein extracts. While the immunoglobulins of healthy donors did not react with myeloma protein extracts, patient-derived immunoglobulins showed variable levels of interaction, depending on the presence of APB on immunofixation. Most commonly, we detected interactions with heat-shock proteins, followed by neutral alpha-glucosidase, alpha-enolase and vimentin, as well as proliferating cell nuclear antigen and MAGEA4. More than 80% of targets were upregulated in myeloma. Heat-shock protein 60 (HSP60) was subsequently evaluated as an exemplary antigen. We found that HSP60 was aberrantly displayed on the surface of primary myeloma cells. Indeed, patient-derived APB-containing immunoglobulins recognized surface HSP60 suggesting that this antigen becomes accessible to the immune system after aberrant membrane exposition. We conclude that immunoglobulin fractions with APB recognize recurrent myeloma antigens and that this humoral response may contribute to the more favorable prognosis in patients with APB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Rahlff
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, BMT with Section Pneumology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria Trusch
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Haag
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Bacher
- Department for Stem Cell Transplantation, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Horst
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mascha Binder
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, BMT with Section Pneumology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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Subramaniam M, Hawse JR, Rajamannan NM, Ingle JN, Spelsberg TC. Functional role of KLF10 in multiple disease processes. Biofactors 2010; 36:8-18. [PMID: 20087894 PMCID: PMC3104724 DOI: 10.1002/biof.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery by this laboratory of the zinc finger transcription factor, KLF10, a member of the Krüppel-like family of transcription factors, there have been multiple publications regarding its functions and its immediate family members, in numerous cell types. KLF10 has been shown to be rapidly induced by TGFbeta1, 2, 3, E(2), epidermal growth factor, and bone morphogenetic protein-2. TGFbeta inducible early gene-1 activates the TGFbeta-Smad signaling pathway via repression of Smad 7 expression and activation of Smad 2 expression and activity. Overall, KLF10 has been implicated in cell differentiation, as a target gene for a variety of signaling pathways, and in serving as a potential marker for human diseases such as breast cancer, cardiac hypertrophy, and osteoporosis. Like other KLF members, KLF10 is expressed in specific cell types in numerous tissues and is known to be involved in repressing cell proliferation and inflammation as well as inducing apoptosis similar to that of TGFbeta. KLF10 binds to Sp-1-GC rich DNA sequences and can activate or repress the transcription of a number of genes. Overall, KLF10 has been shown to play a major role in the TGFbeta inhibition of cell proliferation and inflammation and induction of apoptosis, and its overexpression in human osteoblasts and pancreatic carcinoma cells mimics the actions of TGFbeta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malayannan Subramaniam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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