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Lopez-Bujanda ZA, Obradovic A, Nirschl TR, Crowley L, Macedo R, Papachristodoulou A, O'Donnell T, Laserson U, Zarif JC, Reshef R, Yuan T, Soni MK, Antonarakis ES, Haffner MC, Larman HB, Shen MM, Muranski P, Drake CG. TGM4: an immunogenic prostate-restricted antigen. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e001649. [PMID: 34193566 PMCID: PMC8246381 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men in the USA; death occurs when patients progress to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Although immunotherapy with the Food and Drug Administration-approved vaccine sipuleucel-T, which targets prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), extends survival for 2-4 months, the identification of new immunogenic tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) continues to be an unmet need. METHODS We evaluated the differential expression profile of castration-resistant prostate epithelial cells that give rise to CRPC from mice following an androgen deprivation/repletion cycle. The expression levels of a set of androgen-responsive genes were further evaluated in prostate, brain, colon, liver, lung, skin, kidney, and salivary gland from murine and human databases. The expression of a novel prostate-restricted TAA was then validated by immunostaining of mouse tissues and analyzed in primary tumors across all human cancer types in The Cancer Genome Atlas. Finally, the immunogenicity of this TAA was evaluated in vitro and in vivo using autologous coculture assays with cells from healthy donors as well as by measuring antigen-specific antibodies in sera from patients with prostate cancer (PCa) from a neoadjuvant clinical trial. RESULTS We identified a set of androgen-responsive genes that could serve as potential TAAs for PCa. In particular, we found transglutaminase 4 (Tgm4) to be highly expressed in prostate tumors that originate from luminal epithelial cells and only expressed at low levels in most extraprostatic tissues evaluated. Furthermore, elevated levels of TGM4 expression in primary PCa tumors correlated with unfavorable prognosis in patients. In vitro and in vivo assays confirmed the immunogenicity of TGM4. We found that activated proinflammatory effector memory CD8 and CD4 T cells were expanded by monocyte-derived dendritic cell (moDCs) pulsed with TGM4 to a greater extent than moDCs pulsed with either PAP or prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and T cells primed with TGM4-pulsed moDCs produce functional cytokines following a prime/boost regiment or in vitro stimulation. An IgG antibody response to TGM4 was detected in 30% of vaccinated patients, while fewer than 8% of vaccinated patients developed antibody responses to PSA or prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that TGM4 is an immunogenic, prostate-restricted antigen with the potential for further development as an immunotherapy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoila A Lopez-Bujanda
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Bloomberg~Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins Medicine Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Current: Molecular Pathogenesis Program, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aleksandar Obradovic
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thomas R Nirschl
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Bloomberg~Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins Medicine Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Laura Crowley
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Urology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rodney Macedo
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexandros Papachristodoulou
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Timothy O'Donnell
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Uri Laserson
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jelani C Zarif
- Bloomberg~Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins Medicine Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medicine Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ran Reshef
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tiezheng Yuan
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Institute of Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mithil K Soni
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Emmanuel S Antonarakis
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medicine Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael C Haffner
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - H Benjamin Larman
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Institute of Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael M Shen
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Urology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pawel Muranski
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Charles G Drake
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Urology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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Goyvaerts C, Breckpot K. The Journey of in vivo Virus Engineered Dendritic Cells From Bench to Bedside: A Bumpy Road. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2052. [PMID: 30254636 PMCID: PMC6141723 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are recognized as highly potent antigen-presenting cells that are able to stimulate cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses with antitumor activity. Consequently, DCs have been explored as cellular vaccines in cancer immunotherapy. To that end, DCs are modified with tumor antigens to enable presentation of antigen-derived peptides to CTLs. In this review we discuss the use of viral vectors for in situ modification of DCs, focusing on their clinical applications as anticancer vaccines. Among the viral vectors discussed are those derived from viruses belonging to the families of the Poxviridae, Adenoviridae, Retroviridae, Togaviridae, Paramyxoviridae, and Rhabdoviridae. We will further shed light on how the combination of viral vector-based vaccination with T-cell supporting strategies will bring this strategy to the next level.
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Shi J, Chen Y, Chen Y, Shen Y, Zhao H, Sun H, Chen J. Alloreactive cytotoxic T lymphocyte immunotherapy treatment of a patient with metastatic prostate cancer: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11111. [PMID: 29901632 PMCID: PMC6023702 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immunotherapy is an autologous cellular immune therapy that has been approved for treating patients with malignant tumors. However, there is still limited information regarding the impact of CTL on metastatic prostate cancer (PC) patients with bone metastatic lesions. PATIENT CONCERNS An 82-year-old male patient complained of interrupted urination, urination pain, and significant dysuria on November 24, 2014. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and postoperative pathological examination showed prostatic adenocarcinoma, and a SPECT/CT scan demonstrated multiple bone metastases. In addition, prostate specific antigen (PSA) and free PSA (FPSA) levels were 54.54 μg/mL and 2.63 μg/mL, respectively, at the beginning of treatment. DIAGNOSES The man was diagnosed with prostatic adenocarcinoma and multiple bone metastases. INTERVENTIONS The patient received 30 cycles of alloreactive CTL (ACTL) immunotherapy regularly. OUTCOMES Over the course of the 2-year treatment, the PC patient exhibited diminished bone metastasis accompanied by a marked reduction of serum PSA and FPSA from 54.54 and 2.63 μg/ml to 0.003 and <0.006 μg/ml, respectively. LESSONS Our clinical observations demonstrate that CTL immunotherapy is a viable treatment option for PC patients, particularly those with bone metastatic lesions and high serum levels of PSA and FPSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Shi
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing
- Clinical Research Center, Xuyi People's Hospital, Xuyi
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Pukou Central Hospital, Nanjing
| | - Yuetong Chen
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing
| | - Yunzhu Shen
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing
- Clinical Research Center, Xuyi People's Hospital, Xuyi
| | - Huanyu Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Pukou Central Hospital, Nanjing
| | - Jinfei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing
- Clinical Research Center, Xuyi People's Hospital, Xuyi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
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Effect of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Induced by Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus on Different Hepatitis B Virus Genes. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2016. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.42685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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Immune effect and safety evaluation of vaccine prepared by dendritic cells modified by rAAV-carrying BCSG1 gene. Gene Ther 2016; 23:839-845. [PMID: 27556816 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2016.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The immune effect and safety evaluation of rAAV (recombinant adeno-associated virus)-containing Bcsg1 (breast cancer-specific gene 1) (rAAV/Bcsg1)-transfected DC (dendritic cell) (rAAV/Bcsg1-DC) vaccine in immunotherapy for (BCSG1) (+) BC was assessed. Immune effect of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) on Bcsg1 (+) BC cells, and rAAV gene residuals in mature CTL cells and culture medium were determined. Nude mouse xenograft tumor model was established to assess the inhibition effects of DC-activated CTLs on tumor growth. DC cell surface markers were highly expressed in rAAV/Bcsg1 group and lysate-DC group, and rAAV/Bcsg1-DC-CTL showed stronger cytotoxic activity targeting Bcsg1 (+) BC cells. The rAAV/Bcsg1-DC vaccine-treated groups showed lower mean tumor weight, higher tumor inhibition rates and slower tumor growth. rAAV/Bcsg1-DC can induce highly efficient CTL-targeting Bcsg1 antigen without rAAV gene residuals.
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Reprogramming Immune Response With Capsid-Optimized AAV6 Vectors for Immunotherapy of Cancer. J Immunother 2016; 38:292-8. [PMID: 26261893 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In the current studies we generated novel capsid-optimized adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype 6 (AAV6) vectors expressing a tumor-associated antigen, and assessed their ability to activate a protective T-cell response in an animal model. First, we showed that specific mutations in the AAV6 capsid increase the transduction efficiency of these vectors in mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells in vitro for approximately 5-fold compared with the wild-type (WT) AAV6 vectors. Next, we evaluated the ability of the mutant AAV6 vectors to initiate specific T-cell clone proliferation in vivo. Our data indicate that the intramuscular administration of AAV6-S663V+T492V vectors expressing ovalbumin (OVA) led to a strong activation (approximately 9%) of specific T cells in peripheral blood compared with AAV6-WT treated animals (<1%). These OVA-specific T cells have a superior killing ability against mouse prostate cancer cell line RM1 stably expressing the OVA antigen when propagated in vitro. Finally, we evaluated the ability of capsid-optimized AAV6-S663V+T492V vectors to initiate a protective anticancer immune response in vivo. Our results document the suppression of subcutaneous tumor growth in animals immunized with AAV6-S663V+T492V vectors expressing prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) for approximately 4 weeks in comparison with 1 week and 2 weeks for the negative controls, AAV6-EGFP, and AAV6-WT-PAP treated mice, respectively. These studies suggest that successful inhibition of tumor growth in an animal model would set the stage for potential clinical application of the capsid-optimized AAV6-S663V+T492V vectors.
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Zhou J, Ma P, Li J, Cui X, Song W. Improvement of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against hepatocellular carcinoma by transduction of cancer cells with an adeno-associated virus carrying the interferon-γ gene. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:3197-205. [PMID: 26936017 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based antigen-targeted immunotherapy may offer effective adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in which cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are key. However, in a number of cases, the activity of CTLs is completely inhibited due to the downregulated expression of major human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules by HCC cells. The aim of the present study was to overcome this issue. Hep3B cells were transduced by HCC‑specific recombinant adeno‑associated virus (rAAV) carrying human α‑fetoprotein promoter (AFPp) and the interferon‑γ (IFN‑γ) gene (rAAV/AFPp‑IFN‑γ). rAAV carrying the cytomegalovirus promoter (CMVp) and human α‑fetoprotein (AFP) gene (rAAV/CMVp‑AFP) was used to transduce professional antigen‑presenting DCs for the purpose of stimulating a CTL response. It was observed that transduction of DCs with rAAV/CMVp‑AFP resulted in: (i) AFP and interleukin‑12 expression; (ii) high expression levels of cluster of differentiation (CD)80, CD83, CD86, CD40, HLA‑death receptor and CD1a; (iii) T cell populations with marked IFN‑γ expression; (iv) a high percentage of CD69+/CD8+ T cells; and (v) the activity of CTLs against HLA‑A2‑expressing Hep3B cells. The transduction of Hep3B cells with rAAV/AFPp‑IFN‑γ resulted in: (i) IFN‑γ expression; (ii) upregulated expression of HLA‑A2; and (iii) an improved CTL response against HLA‑A2‑deficient Hep3B cells. rAAV/CMVp‑AFP‑transduced DCs elicited an AFP‑specific and HLA‑class I‑restricted CTL response against Hep3B cells. In conclusion, it was shown that the transduction of Hep3B with rAAV/AFPp-IFN-γ upregulated the expression of HLA-A2 and improved the sensitivity to CTL response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Ping Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaonan Cui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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Cole G, McCaffrey J, Ali AA, McCarthy HO. DNA vaccination for prostate cancer: key concepts and considerations. Cancer Nanotechnol 2015; 6:2. [PMID: 26161151 PMCID: PMC4488504 DOI: 10.1186/s12645-015-0010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
While locally confined prostate cancer is associated with a low five year mortality rate, advanced or metastatic disease remains a major challenge for healthcare professionals to treat and is usually terminal. As such, there is a need for the development of new, efficacious therapies for prostate cancer. Immunotherapy represents a promising approach where the host's immune system is harnessed to mount an anti-tumour effect, and the licensing of the first prostate cancer specific immunotherapy in 2010 has opened the door for other immunotherapies to gain regulatory approval. Among these strategies DNA vaccines are an attractive option in terms of their ability to elicit a highly specific, potent and wide-sweeping immune response. Several DNA vaccines have been tested for prostate cancer and while they have demonstrated a good safety profile they have faced problems with low efficacy and immunogenicity compared to other immunotherapeutic approaches. This review focuses on the positive aspects of DNA vaccines for prostate cancer that have been assessed in preclinical and clinical trials thus far and examines the key considerations that must be employed to improve the efficacy and immunogenicity of these vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Cole
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL Northern Ireland UK
| | - Joanne McCaffrey
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL Northern Ireland UK
| | - Ahlam A Ali
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL Northern Ireland UK
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL Northern Ireland UK
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Cafri G, Sharbi-Yunger A, Tzehoval E, Alteber Z, Gross T, Vadai E, Margalit A, Gross G, Eisenbach L. mRNA-transfected Dendritic Cells Expressing Polypeptides That Link MHC-I Presentation to Constitutive TLR4 Activation Confer Tumor Immunity. Mol Ther 2015; 23:1391-1400. [PMID: 25997427 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2015.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we have developed a novel genetic platform for improving dendritic cell (DC) induction of peptide-specific CD8 T cells, based on membrane-anchored β2-microglobulin (β2m) linked to a selected antigenic peptide at its N-terminus and to the cytosolic domain of toll-like receptor (TLR)4 C-terminally. In vitro transcribed mRNA transfection of antigen presenting cells resulted in polypeptides that efficiently coupled peptide presentation to cellular activation. In the present study, we evaluated the immunogenicity of such constructs in mRNA-transfected immature murine bone marrow-derived DCs. We show that the encoded peptide β2m-TLR4 products were expressed at the cell surface up to 72 hours and stimulated the maturation of DCs. In vivo, these DCs prompted efficient peptide-specific T-cell activation and target cell killing which were superior to those induced by peptide-loaded, LPS-stimulated DCs. This superiority was also evident in the ability to protect mice from tumor progression following the administration of B16F10.9 melanoma cells and to inhibit the development of pre-established B16F10.9 tumors. Our results provide evidence that the products of two recombinant genes encoding for peptide-hβ2m-TLR4 and peptide-hβ2m-K(b) expressed from exogenous mRNA can cooperate to couple Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC-I) peptide presentation to TLR-mediated signaling, offering a safe, economical and highly versatile genetic platform for a novel category of CTL-inducing vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Cafri
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Laboratory of Immunology, MIGAL, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Adi Sharbi-Yunger
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Esther Tzehoval
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Zoya Alteber
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tamar Gross
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ezra Vadai
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Margalit
- Laboratory of Immunology, MIGAL, Kiryat Shmona, Israel; Department of Biotechnology, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel
| | - Gideon Gross
- Laboratory of Immunology, MIGAL, Kiryat Shmona, Israel; Department of Biotechnology, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel
| | - Lea Eisenbach
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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Luo J, Luo Y, Sun J, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Yang X. Adeno-associated virus-mediated cancer gene therapy: current status. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:347-56. [PMID: 25444906 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy is one of the frontiers of modern medicine. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene therapy is becoming a promising approach to treat a variety of diseases and cancers. AAV-mediated cancer gene therapies have rapidly advanced due to their superiority to other gene-carrying vectors, such as the lack of pathogenicity, the ability to transfect both dividing and non-dividing cells, low host immune response, and long-term expression. This article reviews and provides up to date knowledge on AAV-mediated cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfeng Luo
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road NO.3, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxuan Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Zhuji People's Hospital, Zhuji, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jihong Sun
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road NO.3, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yurong Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road NO.3, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yajing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road NO.3, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road NO.3, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Intervention Research, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Pandya J, Ortiz L, Ling C, Rivers AE, Aslanidi G. Rationally designed capsid and transgene cassette of AAV6 vectors for dendritic cell-based cancer immunotherapy. Immunol Cell Biol 2013; 92:116-23. [PMID: 24217810 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2013.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy has recently demonstrated a great potential for clinical applications; however, additional progress in the methods of tumor-specific antigen delivery to DCs is necessary for the further development of anti-tumor vaccines. To this end, a capsid-optimized adeno-associated virus serotype 6 (AAV6-T492V+S663V) vector was developed by site-directed mutagenesis of surface-exposed serine (S) and threonine (T) residues, which have a critical role in intracellular trafficking of AAV vectors. This double-mutant AAV6 vector had ∼ 5-fold greater transduction efficiency in monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) compared with wild-type (WT)-AAV6 vectors. The increase in the transduction efficiency correlated with the improved nuclear translocation of AAV6-T492V+S663V over that of the WT-AAV6 vector. Additional studies of the CD11c promoter identified critical regulatory elements that fit into the AAV expression cassette and drive EGFP expression in moDCs. Development of a chimeric promoter (chmCD11c) that contains functional modules of CD11c and a Simian virus (SV40) enhancer element dramatically increased the EGFP expression in moDCs. MoDCs transduced by the capsid-optimized AAV6 vector carrying human prostate-specific antigen (hPSA) driven by CBA (AAV6-T492V+S663V-CBA-hPSA) or chmCd11c (AAV6-T492V+S663V-chmCD11c-hPSA) generated specific T-cell clone proliferation and superior cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) with higher killing capability against human prostate adenocarcinoma cells, LNCaP, compared with WT-AAV6 induced CTLs. Taken together, these studies suggest that optimization of capsid and promoter components of AAV vectors can be a useful approach for efficient targeting of moDCs and may prove to be a promising tool for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jheel Pandya
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Luis Ortiz
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics; University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chen Ling
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics; University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Angela E Rivers
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - George Aslanidi
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics; University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Lin XL, Wang XL, Ma B, Jia J, Yan Y, Di LJ, Yuan YH, Wan FL, Lu YL, Liang X, Shen T, Ren J. HER2-specific T lymphocytes kill both trastuzumab-resistant and trastuzumab-sensitive breast cell lines in vitro. Chin J Cancer Res 2013; 24:143-50. [PMID: 23357961 DOI: 10.1007/s11670-012-0143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the development of trastuzumab has improved the outlook for women with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, the resistance to anti-HER2 therapy is a growing clinical dilemma. We aim to determine whether HER2-specific T cells generated from dendritic cells (DCs) modified with HER2 gene could effectively kill the HER2-positive breast cancer cells, especially the trastuzumab-resistant cells. METHODS The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors, whose HLA haplotypes were compatible with the tumor cell lines, were transfected with reconstructive human adeno-association virus (rhAAV/HER2) to obtain the specific killing activities of T cells, and were evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) releasing assay. RESULTS Trastuzumab produced a significant inhibiting effect on SK-BR-3, the IC50 was 100ng/ml. MDA-MB-453 was resistant to trastuzumab even at a concentration of 10,000 ng/ml in vitro. HER2-specific T lymphocytes killed effectively SK-BR-3 [(69.86±13.41)%] and MDA-MB-453 [(78.36±10.68)%] at 40:1 (effector:target ratio, E:T), but had no significant cytotoxicity against HER2-negative breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 or MCF-7 (less than 10%). CONCLUSION The study showed that HER2-specific T lymphocytes generated from DCs modified by rhAAV/HER2 could kill HER2-positive breast cancer cell lines in a HER2-dependent manner, and result in significantly high inhibition rates on the intrinsic trastuzumab-resistant cell line MDA-MB-453 and the tastuzumab-sensitive cell line SK-BR-3. These results imply that this immunotherapy might be a potential treatment to HER2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Breast Cancer, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
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13
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Clinical safety of induced CTL infusion through recombinant adeno-associated virus-transfected dendritic cell vaccination in Chinese cancer patients. Clin Transl Oncol 2012; 14:675-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-012-0854-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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High-efficiency transduction of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells by capsid-modified recombinant AAV2 vectors. Vaccine 2012; 30:3908-17. [PMID: 22497875 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.03.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of surface-exposed tyrosine residues negatively impacts the transduction efficiency of recombinant AAV2 vectors. Pre-treatment of cells with specific cellular serine/threonine kinase inhibitors also significantly increased the transduction efficiency of AAV2 vectors. We reasoned that site-directed mutagenesis of surface-exposed serine residues might allow the vectors to evade phosphorylation and thus lead to higher transduction efficiency. Each of the 15 surface-exposed serine (S) residues was substituted with valine (V) residues, and the transduction efficiency of three of these mutants, S458V, S492V and S662V, was increased by up to ≈ 20-fold in different cell types. The S662V mutant was efficient in transducing human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs), a cell type not readily amenable to transduction by the conventional AAV vectors, and did not induce any phenotypic changes in these cells. Recombinant S662V-AAV2 vectors encoding a truncated human telomerase (hTERT) gene were generated and used to stimulate cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) against target cells. S662V-AAV2-hTERT vector-transduced DCs resulted in rapid, specific T-cell clone proliferation and generation of robust CTLs, which led to specific cell lysis of K562 cells. These studies suggest that high-efficiency transduction of moDCs by serine-modified AAV2 vectors is feasible, which supports the potential utility of these vectors for future human DCs vaccine studies.
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15
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Prostate Cancer and Immunoproteome: Awakening and Reprogramming the Guardian Angels. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2012; 60:191-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-012-0169-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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16
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Tumor-associated antigens for specific immunotherapy of prostate cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2012; 4:193-217. [PMID: 24213236 PMCID: PMC3712678 DOI: 10.3390/cancers4010193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common noncutaneous cancer diagnosis and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men in the United States. Effective treatment modalities for advanced metastatic PCa are limited. Immunotherapeutic strategies based on T cells and antibodies represent interesting approaches to prevent progression from localized to advanced PCa and to improve survival outcomes for patients with advanced disease. CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) efficiently recognize and destroy tumor cells. CD4+ T cells augment the antigen-presenting capacity of dendritic cells and promote the expansion of tumor-reactive CTLs. Antibodies mediate their antitumor effects via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, activation of the complement system, improving the uptake of coated tumor cells by phagocytes, and the functional interference of biological pathways essential for tumor growth. Consequently, several tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) have been identified that represent promising targets for T cell- or antibody-based immunotherapy. These TAAs comprise proteins preferentially expressed in normal and malignant prostate tissues and molecules which are not predominantly restricted to the prostate, but are overexpressed in various tumor entities including PCa. Clinical trials provide evidence that specific immunotherapeutic strategies using such TAAs represent safe and feasible concepts for the induction of immunological and clinical responses in PCa patients. However, further improvement of the current approaches is required which may be achieved by combining T cell- and/or antibody-based strategies with radio-, hormone-, chemo- or antiangiogenic therapy.
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17
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You CX, Liu Y, Shi M, Cao M, Luo RC, Hermonat PL. Comparison of AAV/IL-7 autocrine (T cell) versus paracrine (DC) gene delivery for enhancing CTL stimulation and function. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2010; 59:779-87. [PMID: 20091029 PMCID: PMC11030548 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-009-0798-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) into patients holds promise in treating cancer. Such anti-cancer CTL are stimulated by professional antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DC). We hypothesize the gene delivery of various Th1-response cytokines, such as interleukin 7 (IL-7), should further enhance CTL stimulation and activity. However, the issue as to which cell type, DC (paracrine) or the T cell (autocrine), should express a particular Th1 cytokine gene for optimal CTL stimulation has never been addressed. We used adeno-associated virus-2 (AAV) to compare delivery of IL-7 and IL-2 genes into DC or T cells and to exogenous commercial cytokines for generating robust carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific CTL. AAV/IL-7 transduction of T cells (autocrine delivery) generated CTL with the highest killing capability. Consistent with this, AAV/IL-7 delivery generated T cell populations with the highest proliferation, highest interferon gamma expression, highest CD8(+):CD4(+) ratio, highest CD8(+), CD69(+) levels, and lowest CD4(+), CD25(+) (Treg) levels. These data are consistent with higher killing by the AAV/IL-7-altered CTL. These data strongly suggest that IL-7 autocrine gene delivery is optimal for CTL generation. These data also suggest Th1 cytokine autocrine versus paracrine delivery is an important issue for immuno-gene therapy and uncovers new questions into cytokine mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Xuan You
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Slot 532, 4301 West Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Slot 532, 4301 West Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Slot 532, 4301 West Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maohua Cao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Slot 532, 4301 West Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
| | - Rong-Cheng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Paul L. Hermonat
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Slot 532, 4301 West Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
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18
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HIV-1 gp120-induced migration of dendritic cells is regulated by a novel kinase cascade involving Pyk2, p38 MAP kinase, and LSP1. Blood 2009; 114:3588-600. [PMID: 19700666 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-02-206342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting dendritic cell (DC) functions such as migration is a pivotal mechanism used by HIV-1 to disseminate within the host. The HIV-1 envelope protein is the most important of the virally encoded proteins that exploits the migratory capacity of DCs. In the present study, we elucidated the signaling machinery involved in migration of immature DCs (iDCs) in response to HIV-1 envelope protein. We observed that M-tropic HIV-1 glycoprotein 120 (gp120) induces phosphorylation of the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, Pyk2. Inhibition of Pyk2 activity using a pharmacologic inhibitor, kinase-inactive Pyk2 mutant, and Pyk2-specific small interfering RNA blocked gp120-induced chemotaxis, confirming the role of Pyk2 in iDC migration. In addition, we also illustrated the importance of Pyk2 in iDC migration induced by virion-associated envelope protein, using aldithriol-2-inactivated M-tropic HIV-1 virus. Further analysis of the downstream signaling mechanisms involved in gp120-induced migration revealed that Pyk2 activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, which in turn activates the F-actin-binding protein, leukocyte-specific protein 1, and enhances its association with actin. Taken together, our studies provide an insight into a novel gp120-mediated pathway that regulates DC chemotaxis and contributes to the dissemination of HIV-1 within an infected person.
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19
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Kang BY, You H, Bandyopadhyay S, Agrawal N, Melchert RB, Basnakian AG, Liu Y, Hermonat PL. Cervical cancer isolate PT3, super-permissive for adeno-associated virus replication, over-expresses DNA polymerase delta, PCNA, RFC and RPA. BMC Microbiol 2009; 9:79. [PMID: 19389243 PMCID: PMC2685399 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-9-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2008] [Accepted: 04/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adeno-associated virus (AAV) type 2 is an important virus due to its use as a safe and effective human gene therapy vector and its negative association with certain malignancies. AAV, a dependo-parvovirus, autonomously replicates in stratified squamous epithelium. Such tissue occurs in the nasopharynx and anogenitals, from which AAV has been clinically isolated. Related autonomous parvoviruses also demonstrate cell tropism and preferentially replicate in oncogenically transformed cells. Combining these two attributes of parvovirus tropism, squamous and malignant, we assayed if AAV might replicate in squamous cervical carcinoma cell isolates. RESULTS Three primary isolates (PT1-3) and two established cervical cancer cell lines were compared to normal keratinocytes (NK) for their ability to replicate AAV. One isolate, PT3, allowed for high levels of AAV DNA replication and virion production compared to others. In research by others, four cellular components are known required for in vitro AAV DNA replication: replication protein A (RPA), replication factor C (RFC), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and DNA polymerase delta (POLD1). Thus, we examined PT3 cells for expression of these components by DNA microarray and real-time quantitative PCR. All four components were over-expressed in PT3 over two representative low-permissive cell isolates (NK and PT1). However, this super-permissiveness did not result in PT3 cell death by AAV infection. CONCLUSION These data, for the first time, provide evidence that these four cellular components are likely important for AAV in vivo DNA replication as well as in vitro. These data also suggest that PT3 will be a useful reagent for investigating the AAV-permissive transcriptome and AAV anti-cancer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bum Yong Kang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, John L McClellan Memorial Veterans Hospital, 4300 West 7th St., Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Hong You
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gene Therapy Program, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Sarmistha Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gene Therapy Program, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Nalini Agrawal
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Russell B Melchert
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Alexei G Basnakian
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, John L McClellan Memorial Veterans Hospital, 4300 West 7th St., Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gene Therapy Program, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Paul L Hermonat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gene Therapy Program, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, John L McClellan Memorial Veterans Hospital, 4300 West 7th St., Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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20
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Ohshima S, Shin JH, Yuasa K, Nishiyama A, Kira J, Okada T, Takeda S. Transduction efficiency and immune response associated with the administration of AAV8 vector into dog skeletal muscle. Mol Ther 2008; 17:73-80. [PMID: 18941441 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2008.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-mediated gene transfer is an attractive approach to the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). We investigated the muscle transduction profiles and immune responses associated with the administration of rAAV2 and rAAV8 in normal and canine X-linked muscular dystrophy in Japan (CXMD(J)) dogs. rAAV2 or rAAV8 encoding the lacZ gene was injected into the skeletal muscles of normal dogs. Two weeks after the injection, we detected a larger number of beta-galactosidase-positive fibers in rAAV8-transduced canine skeletal muscle than in rAAV2-transduced muscle. Although immunohistochemical analysis using anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 antibodies revealed less T-cell response to rAAV8 than to rAAV2, beta-galactosidase expression in rAAV8-injected muscle lasted for <4 weeks with intramuscular transduction. Canine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) were activated by both rAAV2 and rAAV8, implying that innate immunity might be involved in both cases. Intravenous administration of rAAV8-lacZ into the hind limb in normal dogs and rAAV8-microdystrophin into the hind limb in CXMD(J) dogs resulted in improved transgene expression in the skeletal muscles lasting over a period of 8 weeks, but with a declining trend. The limb perfusion transduction protocol with adequate immune modulation would further enhance the rAAV8-mediated transduction strategy and lead to therapeutic benefits in DMD gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Ohshima
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
Vectors based on recombinant adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are being extensively explored for gene therapy owing to some of their distinguishing characteristicss such as lack of pathogenicity, wide range of infectivity and ability to provide long-term transgene expression. For many of the same reasons, recombinant AAV (rAAV) vectors have also been used as vaccine carriers to elicit immune responses against their transgene products. Extensive studies of rAAV vectors in animal models and in the clinic have revealed some safety concerns relating to their construction and production, adverse events following delivery, potential integration of the vector’s genome into host cell genomes, and the impairment of rAAV-induced CD8+ T-cell responses, which could have dire consequences for rAAV-treated individuals. Further studies to advance our knowledge of the biology of AAV and rAAV vectors are deemed necessary to allow for their more successful application in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Wen Lin
- School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA and, The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hildegund CJ Ertl
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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22
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Xie LH, Sin FWY, Cheng SCS, Cheung YK, Chan KT, Xie Y, Xie Y. Activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes against CML28-bearing tumors by dendritic cells transduced with a recombinant adeno-associated virus encoding the CML28 gene. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2008; 57:1029-38. [PMID: 18157497 PMCID: PMC11030284 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-007-0434-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 11/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Induction of anti-tumor immune responses by dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with a recombinant adeno-associated virus type 2 (rAAV2) encoding tumor antigens is considered a promising approach for cancer vaccine development. CML28, a novel antigen with the properties of cancer/ testis (CT) antigens, is an attractive target for antigen-specific immunotherapy. Here we investigated the feasibility of inducing CML28-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses using DCs transduced with the rAAV2 vectors containing the CML28 gene (rAAV/CML28). Using an adenovirus-free packaging system, rAAV/CML28 was generated. The transduction efficiency of rAAV/CML28 in DCs increased in a multiplicity of infection (MOI)-dependent manner. The rAAV/CML28 transduction did not impair DC maturation, but even enhanced the CD80 expression. The rAAV/CML28-transduced DCs induced CML28-specific CTLs which exhibited a MHC class I-mediated antigen-specific lytic activity against CML28-bearing tumor cell lines (HepG2 and MCF-7) as well as the primary leukemia blasts. These findings suggest that rAAV/CML28-transduced DCs vaccine may serve as a feasible approach for the treatment of CML28-associated cancers.
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MESH Headings
- Adenoviridae/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antigens, Surface/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Surface/genetics
- Antigens, Surface/immunology
- B7-1 Antigen/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/metabolism
- Exoribonucleases/biosynthesis
- Exoribonucleases/genetics
- Exoribonucleases/immunology
- Exosome Multienzyme Ribonuclease Complex
- Feasibility Studies
- Genes, MHC Class I
- Humans
- Lymphocyte Activation
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA-Binding Proteins
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Xie
- Department of Biology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, the Medical Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Fion Wan-Yee Sin
- Department of Biology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Samuel Chak-Sum Cheng
- Department of Biology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying-Kit Cheung
- Department of Biology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kin-Tak Chan
- Department of Biology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, the Medical Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Biology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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