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Pastena P, Perera H, Martinino A, Kartsonis W, Giovinazzo F. Unraveling Biomarker Signatures in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review for Targeted Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2559. [PMID: 38473804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive subtypes of breast cancer, marked by poor outcomes and dismal prognosis. Due to the absence of targetable receptors, chemotherapy still represents the main therapeutic option. Therefore, current research is now focusing on understanding the specific molecular pathways implicated in TNBC, in order to identify novel biomarker signatures and develop targeted therapies able to improve its clinical management. With the aim of identifying novel molecular features characterizing TNBC, elucidating the mechanisms by which these molecular biomarkers are implicated in the tumor development and progression, and assessing the impact on cancerous cells following their inhibition or modulation, we conducted a literature search from the earliest works to December 2023 on PubMed, Scopus, and Web Of Science. A total of 146 studies were selected. The results obtained demonstrated that TNBC is characterized by a heterogeneous molecular profile. Several biomarkers have proven not only to be characteristic of TNBC but also to serve as potential effective therapeutic targets, holding the promise of a new era of personalized treatments able to improve its prognosis. The pre-clinical findings that have emerged from our systematic review set the stage for further investigation in forthcoming clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Pastena
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, Brookhaven, NY 11794, USA
| | - Hiran Perera
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, Brookhaven, NY 11794, USA
| | | | - William Kartsonis
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, Brookhaven, NY 11794, USA
| | - Francesco Giovinazzo
- Department of Surgery, Saint Camillus Hospital, 31100 Treviso, Italy
- Department of Surgery, UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Kern R, da Silva JC, Negretti F, Ferreira MO, Coletto MIO, de Oliveira ST, Alves FM, Scandolara TB, Rech D, Panis C. The Expression of CTLA-4 in Breast Tumors and Tumor-Infiltrating Leukocytes Affects Patients' Systemic Inflammatory Status and Varies According to Their Molecular Subtypes. Inflammation 2023; 46:1639-1652. [PMID: 37237069 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01830-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence has pointed out that the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) expression is a poor prognosis factor. However, the implications of CTLA-4 expression on circulating inflammatory mediators are unclear for breast cancer. Tumor biopsies and blood samples were collected from 117 breast cancer patients. Oxidative stress parameters were evaluated in plasma samples by measuring the lipoperoxidation profile and nitric oxide metabolites (NOx). Interleukins 12 (IL-12) and 4 (IL-4) were assessed by ELISA. CTLA-4 expression was determined by immunofluorescence assessed by its labeling in tumor-infiltrating leukocytes (TILs) or breast tumors. Correlations between CTLA-4 expression in breast tumors with TCD4/TCD8 infiltrating lymphocyte and inflammation-related genes were performed using data from TIMER 2.0/TCGA databases (n = 2160). CTLA-4 expression in TILs significantly correlated to triple-negative breast tumors. Patients carrying CTLA-4-positive tumors exhibited lower plasmatic NOx levels, and those expressing CTLA-4 in TILs had reduced levels of IL-12 in plasma. No changes in either IL-4 or lipid peroxidation profiles were detected concerning any CTLA4 status. Compared to the Luminal A ones, oxidative stress parameters and cytokines were observed in patients bearing triple-negative tumors. CTLA-4 expression in all breast cancer subtypes positively correlated to TCD4/TCD8 lymphocyte infiltrates, as well as to the pro-inflammatory genes IL12A, IL4, NFKB1, NFKB2, NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3. CTLA-4 expression in both tumor and TILs can affect the systemic inflammatory status of breast cancer patients, especially antitumor molecules such as IL-12 and NOx that correlate to more aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Kern
- Laboratório Biologia de Tumores, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Aplicadas À Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
| | - Janaina Carla da Silva
- Laboratório Biologia de Tumores, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Aplicadas À Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Fábio Negretti
- Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Campus Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Mariane Okamoto Ferreira
- Laboratório Biologia de Tumores, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Aplicadas À Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Stefania Tagliari de Oliveira
- Laboratório Biologia de Tumores, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
- Programa de Residência Em Clínica Médica, Rede de Assistência À Saúde Metropolitana, Sarandi, PR, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Mara Alves
- Laboratório Biologia de Tumores, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
| | - Thalita Basso Scandolara
- Laboratório Biologia de Tumores, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Aplicadas À Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Research Coordination (CPQ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniel Rech
- Laboratório Biologia de Tumores, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Aplicadas À Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
- Hospital de Câncer de Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratório Biologia de Tumores, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Aplicadas À Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil.
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Platelet Concentration and Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratio as Prognostic Indicators in Luminal Breast Cancer. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/jmp4010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ratios between the blood cells are indirect measures of the imbalance in the pro-inflammatory status observed in carcinogenesis and have been proposed as accessible and feasible biomarkers to predict cancer prognosis. We aim to evaluate the prognostic significance of neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR), monocyte/lymphocyte (MLR), and platelet/lymphocyte (PLR) ratios in Brazilian patients with luminal breast cancer (LBC) treated with tamoxifen. A retrospective cohort of 72 operable LBC patients. Preoperative leukocyte and platelet absolute values permitted to calculate NLR, MLR, and PLR. Area under curve (ROC) determined the cutoff value associated with relapse and death. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the relationship of the platelet and PLR to disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Lower DFS was associated with >297 × 103/mm3 (54 vs. 60.9 months in <297, p = 0.04). Platelet > 279 × 103/mm3 are related to higher OS (p = 0.03). Univariate analysis revealed that platelet concentration was associated with DFS (p = 0.04) and OS (p = 0.04), but not as an independent factor (HR = 1.31, 95%CI: 0.42–4.07, p = 0.65) and OS (HR = 1.64, 95%CI: 0.28–9.52, p = 0.58). Both univariate (p = 0.01) and multivariate analysis revealed that PLR < 191.5 was a significant independent predictor of higher OS/better prognosis (HR = 16.16, 95%CI: 2.83–109.25, p = 0.00). Pretreatment platelet indices (absolute count and PLR) are prognosis predictors in LBC patients. Platelet > 279 × 103/mm3 and PRL < 191.5 was associated with a higher OS, with the PRL being an independent predictor of higher OS.
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Thakur B, Saha L, Bhatia A. Relative refractoriness of breast cancer cells to tumour necrosis factor-α induced necroptosis. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 49:1294-1306. [PMID: 36054417 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis, a recently identified programmed cell death pathway, has attracted attention as an alternative route to target apoptosis-resistant cancer cells. The status of the necroptosis pathway in different subtypes of breast cancer has not been well explored. Stimulating the cells by TNF-α can trigger cell survival or death depending on the combination of downstream players involved. In this work, we attempted to induce necroptosis in them using a combination of TNF-α and Z-VAD-FMK with and without chemotherapy. Cell viability, apoptosis, and necroptosis were assessed using MTT and Annexin-V/PI assays, respectively. Gene and protein expression was analysed by qPCR and immunophenotyping. Both the cell lines were resistant to induction of cell death by necroptosis. There was no enhancement in cell death when chemotherapeutic drugs were combined with necroptosis induction. Expression studies showed reduced translational expression of key necroptosis molecules like RIP kinases and MLKL in breast cancer cells compared to positive control cell line L929. Also, cell survival molecules were expressed more in MDA-MB-231 in contrast to death pathway molecules which were expressed more in T47D cells. In this work, the two breast cancer cell lines were observed to be resistant to TNF-α induced necroptosis with or without chemotherapy. Expression of key necroptosis players revealed relative insufficiency of the molecular machinery involved in the above pathway. In our opinion this may be the cause for resistance to necroptosis and novel strategies to upregulate these molecules need to be developed to sensitize the breast cancer cells towards cell death by necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banita Thakur
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Lekha Saha
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Alka Bhatia
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Clinical implications of lipid peroxides levels in plasma and tumor tissue in breast cancer patients. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2022; 161:106639. [PMID: 35550168 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2022.106639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress can promote the oxidation of lipoproteins and polyunsaturated fatty acids present in cell membranes; an event known as lipid peroxidation (LPO). LPO has been associated with carcinogenesis and cancer progression, however, its meaning concerning the clinicopathological aspects of human breast cancer is not clear. This study investigated LPO profiles in tumor and plasma samples from breast cancer patients (n = 140) considering their clinicopathological features (age at diagnosis, menopausal status, body mass index, tumor histological grade, tumor size, ki-67 proliferation index, presence of metastasis, chemotherapy response, the molecular subtype of cancer and overall survival status). LPO levels were estimated by tert-butyl hydroperoxide-initiated chemiluminescence. High LPO levels were found regarding poor prognosis parameters as young age at diagnosis (p = 0.006 in tissue), premenopausal patients (p = 0.012 in tissue), high-grade tumors (p = 0.010 in tissue and p = 0.002 in plasma), metastatic disease (p = 0.046 in tissue), chemoresistant tumors (p = 0.041 in tissue), disease relapse (p = 0.018 in tissue and p = 0.009 in plasma) and overall survival status (p = 0.001 in plasma). Our findings point out the clinical meaning of LPO and highlight it as an oxidative stress event linked to poor prognosis and disease aggressiveness in breast cancer patients.
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de Oliveira ST, Bessani MP, Scandolara TB, Silva JC, Kawassaki ACB, Fagotti PAF, Maito VT, de Souza JA, Rech D, Panis C. Systemic lipid peroxidation profile from patients with breast cancer changes according to the lymph nodal metastasis status. Oncoscience 2022; 9:1-10. [PMID: 35233438 PMCID: PMC8876690 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Monica Pavaneli Bessani
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Thalita Basso Scandolara
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Janaína Carla Silva
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Pâmella Aparecida Ferreira Fagotti
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
- State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Vitor Teixeira Maito
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Janoário Athanazio de Souza
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
- Francisco Beltrão Cancer Hospital, Ceonc, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daniel Rech
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
- Francisco Beltrão Cancer Hospital, Ceonc, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
- State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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Liu J, Wang X, Deng Y, Yu X, Wang H, Li Z. Research Progress on the Role of Regulatory T Cell in Tumor Microenvironment in the Treatment of Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:766248. [PMID: 34868991 PMCID: PMC8636122 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.766248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex ecosystem comprised of cancer cells, stromal cells, and immune cells. Analysis of the composition of TME is essential to assess the prognosis of patients with breast cancer (BC) and the efficacy of different regimes. Treg plays a crucial role in the microenvironment of breast cancer subtypes, and its function contributes to the development and progression of BC by suppressing anti-tumor immunity directly or indirectly through multiple mechanisms. In addition, conventional treatments, such as anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and neo-therapies, such as immune-checkpoint blockades, have a significant impact on the absence of Tregs in BC TME, thus gaining additional anti-tumor effect to some extent. Strikingly, Treg in BC TME revealed the predicted efficacy of some therapeutic strategies. All these results suggest that we can manipulate the abundance of Treg to achieve the ultimate effect of both conventional and novel treatments. In this review, we discuss new insights into the characteristics of Treg in BC TME, the impact of different regiments on Treg, and the possibilities of Treg as a predictive marker of efficacy for certain treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yuhan Deng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Hongbin Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Zhigao Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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Zhang L, Zheng Y, Zeng L, Zhang F, Che D, Cao Z, Huang C, Xian L, Zhang X, Zhang H, Guo Z. 3-Epipachysamine B suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis of breast cancer cell via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Life Sci 2021; 285:119995. [PMID: 34592228 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
3-Epipachysamine B is a natural steroidal alkaloid isolated from Pachysandra terminalis Sieb. et Zucc. (known locally as Kunxianqi). Kunxianqi contains numerous compounds with demonstrated activity against breast cancer (BRCA). However, it is unknown whether 3-epipachysamine B also has anti-BRCA efficacy. In the present study, we employed network pharmacology technology to search and find potential molecular targets of 3-epipachysamine B. We applied cell proliferation, apoptosis, and western blotting assays to test the predicted key targets and the effects of 3-epipachysamine B against BRCA. Network pharmacology disclosed 80 potential BRCA-related targets of 3-epipachysamine B and assigned them to 75 signaling pathways. Of these, the most highly enriched was the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. PIK3R1, AKT1, and mTOR had high degrees and betweenness centrality in protein-protein interaction network and are associated with PI3K/AKT signaling. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation indicated strong binding between 3-epipachysamine B and PIK3R1, AKT1, and mTOR. 3-Epipachysamine B repressed the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of BRCA cells, as well as downregulated P-AKT/AKT, P-mTOR/mTOR, and P-PI3K/PI3K in the cells. The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 augmented these changes. Hence, 3-epipachysamine could also prove effective as an anticancer agent in future animal tumor model and human clinical breast cancer trials. Successful validation results could lead to a safe and effective new breast cancer treatment that improves patient prognosis and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources and Anti-tumor Acitivities/Shaanxi Plant Extract Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Lizhong Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Fuxin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources and Anti-tumor Acitivities/Shaanxi Plant Extract Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Delu Che
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Zhen Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources and Anti-tumor Acitivities/Shaanxi Plant Extract Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Liang Xian
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources and Anti-tumor Acitivities/Shaanxi Plant Extract Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources and Anti-tumor Acitivities/Shaanxi Plant Extract Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources and Anti-tumor Acitivities/Shaanxi Plant Extract Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Zengjun Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources and Anti-tumor Acitivities/Shaanxi Plant Extract Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Zhang L, Yang K, Wang M, Zeng L, Sun E, Zhang F, Cao Z, Zhang X, Zhang H, Guo Z. Exploring the mechanism of Cremastra Appendiculata (SUANPANQI) against breast cancer by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Comput Biol Chem 2021; 94:107396. [PMID: 33750656 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2020.107396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SUANPANQI, the pseudo phosphorous stem of Cremastra appendiculata, is one of the most well-known traditional Chinese medicine, which has been shown to inhibit tumorigenesis in various human cancers. However, the underlying mechanism of SUANPANQI treatment against breast cancer (BRCA) remains unclear. In this study. we aim to investigate the bioactive compounds and mechanisms of SUANPANQI in the treatment of BRCA based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. METHODS The compounds were collected from previous research. SwissADME was used to screen bioactive compounds. The targets corresponding to SUANPANQI and BRCA were obtained using MalaCards and SwissTargetPrediction. SUANPANQI-related and BRCA-related targets were found and then overlapped to get intersections, which represented potential anti-BRCA targets of SUANPANQI. The Cytoscape software was used to construct bioactive compounds targeting the BRCA network. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of the targets was extracted from the metascape database, then conducted using the Cluster Profiler package in R software. Protein-Protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING online database and analyzed using Cytoscape software. Pivotal genes were screened using the topological analysis, survival analysis, and pathological stage analysis. Molecular docking analysis was used to verify whether the bioactive compounds had a definite affinity with the pivotal targets. RESULTS Sixty-five bioactive compounds of SUANPANQI were involved with 225 predicted BRCA targets. Then, a compound-target network and a PPI network were constructed. The GO analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis suggested that SUANPANQI worked against BRCA via PI3K-Akt, Ras, FoxO, Rap1, and ErbB signaling pathways, etc. After topological analysis, survival analysis, and pathological stage analysis of the SUANPANQI potential targets against BRCA, 6 pivotal target genes (AR, HSP90AA1, MMP9, PGR, PTGS2, TNF) that were highly responsible for the therapeutic effects of SUANPANQI against BRCA were obtained. Molecular docking results showed that 6 bioactive compounds of SUANPANQI had strong binding efficiency with the 6 pivotal genes. CONCLUSIONS The present study clarifies the mechanism of SUANPANQI against BRCA through multiple targets and pathways, and provides evidence to support its clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources and Anti-tumor Acitivities/Shanxi Plant Extract Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Min Wang
- The Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Lizhong Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Enze Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources and Anti-tumor Acitivities/Shanxi Plant Extract Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Fuxin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources and Anti-tumor Acitivities/Shanxi Plant Extract Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhen Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources and Anti-tumor Acitivities/Shanxi Plant Extract Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources and Anti-tumor Acitivities/Shanxi Plant Extract Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources and Anti-tumor Acitivities/Shanxi Plant Extract Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Zengjun Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of "Qiyao" Resources and Anti-tumor Acitivities/Shanxi Plant Extract Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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10
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Ramírez-Expósito MJ, Carrera-González MP, Mayas MD, Martínez-Martos JM. Gender differences in the antioxidant response of oral administration of hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein against N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-induced glioma. Food Res Int 2020; 140:110023. [PMID: 33648253 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumorigenesis has been associated not only with oxidative stress, but also with a reduced response of non-enzyme and enzyme antioxidant defense systems. In fact, the imbalance between free-radical production and the efficiency of the antioxidant defense systems triggers the process because the central nervous system (CNS) is very sensitive to free-radical damage. Phenolic compounds, mainly oleuropein and its major metabolite hydroxytyrosol, derived from olives and virgin olive oil, have been shown to exert important anticancer activities both in vitro and in vivo due to their antioxidant properties. The present study analyzes the effects of the oral administration of oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol and the mixture of both phenolic compounds in rats with transplacental N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-induced brain tumors to analyze their potential effect against brain tumorigenesis through the modification of redox system components. Oxidative stress parameters, non-enzyme and enzyme antioxidant defense systems and blood chemistry were assayed in the different experimental groups. The treatment with oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol and/or the mixture of both phenolic compounds promotes a limited beneficial effect as anticancer compounds in our ENU-induced animal model of brain tumor. These effects occur via redox control mechanisms involving endogenous enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems, and are highly dependent on the gender of the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Ramírez-Expósito
- Experimental and Clinical Physiopathology Research Group CTS-1039, Department of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - M P Carrera-González
- Experimental and Clinical Physiopathology Research Group CTS-1039, Department of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - M D Mayas
- Experimental and Clinical Physiopathology Research Group CTS-1039, Department of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - J M Martínez-Martos
- Experimental and Clinical Physiopathology Research Group CTS-1039, Department of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
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11
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Reddy TP, Rosato RR, Li X, Moulder S, Piwnica-Worms H, Chang JC. A comprehensive overview of metaplastic breast cancer: clinical features and molecular aberrations. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:121. [PMID: 33148288 PMCID: PMC7640663 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01353-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC) is an exceedingly rare breast cancer variant that is therapeutically challenging and aggressive. MpBC is defined by the histological presence of at least two cellular types, typically epithelial and mesenchymal components. This variant harbors a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) phenotype, yet has a worse prognosis and decreased survival compared to TNBC. There are currently no standardized treatment guidelines specifically for MpBC. However, prior studies have found that MpBC typically has molecular alterations in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor, PI3K/Akt signaling, nitric oxide signaling, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, altered immune response, and cell cycle dysregulation. Some of these molecular alterations have been studied as therapeutic targets, in both the preclinical and clinical setting. This current review discusses the histological organization and cellular origins of MpBC, molecular alterations, the role of radiation therapy, and current clinical trials for MpBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswini P Reddy
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, 8447 Riverside Pkwy, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Roberto R Rosato
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Stacy Moulder
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Helen Piwnica-Worms
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jenny C Chang
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Houston Methodist Cancer Center/Weill Cornell Medicine, OPC 24, 6445 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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12
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Exploring Mechanism of Key Chinese Herbal Medicine on Breast Cancer by Data Mining and Network Pharmacology Methods. Chin J Integr Med 2020; 27:919-926. [PMID: 32572780 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-020-3422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To screen the key Chinese Herbal Medicines (KCHMs) against breast cancer by data mining, and analyze the potential mechanism of KCHMs using network pharmacology method. METHODS Clinical prescriptions consisted of CHMs for treating breast cancer were screened, and then Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System (TCMISS) was applied to obtain the KCHMs. Subsequently, active ingredients and corresponding target genes of KCHMs were searched by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database, and target genes of breast cancer were collected using OMIM and MalaCards. After that, the overlapping target genes of KCHMs and breast cancer were screened, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was built. In addition, a network of "KCHMs-active ingredients-breast cancer-targets" was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1. Finally, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis were performed with Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database to reveal the action mechanism of KCHMs. RESULTS A total of 7 KCHMs were identified, whose active ingredients include quercetin, luteolin, nobiletin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, naringenin, and be-ta-sitosterol, etc. Based on protein-protein interaction analysis, core targets were ESR1, MYC, CCND1, EGFR, CASP3, ERBB2, etc. Several KEGG pathways (e.g, PI3K-Akt, p53, ErbB, and HIF-1 signaling pathways) were found. CONCLUSION Based on the combination of the data mining method and network pharmacology approach, the therapeutic effect of KCHMs on breast cancer may be realized by acting on target genes and signaling pathways related to the formation and progression of breast cancer.
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13
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Relationship between the antiproliferative properties of Cu(II) complexes with the Schiff base derived from pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde and 5,6-diamino-1,3-dimethyluracil and the redox status mediated by antioxidant defense systems on glioma tumoral cells. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 207:111053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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14
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Ramírez-Expósito MJ, Mayas MD, Carrera-González MP, Martínez-Martos JM. Gender Differences in the Antioxidant Response to Oxidative Stress in Experimental Brain Tumors. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2019; 19:641-654. [DOI: 10.2174/1568009618666181018162549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background:Brain tumorigenesis is related to oxidative stress and a decreased response of antioxidant defense systems. As it is well known that gender differences exist in the incidence and survival rates of brain tumors, it is important to recognize and understand the ways in which their biology can differ.Objective:To analyze gender differences in redox status in animals with chemically-induced brain tumors.Methods:Oxidative stress parameters, non-enzyme and enzyme antioxidant defense systems are assayed in animals with brain tumors induced by transplacental N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) administration. Both tissue and plasma were analyzed to know if key changes in redox imbalance involved in brain tumor development were reflected systemically and could be used as biomarkers of the disease.Results:Several oxidative stress parameters were modified in tumor tissue of male and female animals, changes that were not reflected at plasma level. Regarding antioxidant defense system, only glutathione (GSH) levels were decreased in both brain tumor tissue and plasma. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were decreased in brain tumor tissue of male and female animals, but plasma levels were only altered in male animals. However, different protein and mRNA expression patterns were found for both enzymes. On the contrary, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity showed increased levels in brain tumor tissue without gender differences, being protein and gene expression also increased in both males and female animals. However, these changes in GPx were not reflected at plasma level.Conclusion:We conclude that brain tumorigenesis was related to oxidative stress and changes in brain enzyme and non-enzyme antioxidant defense systems with gender differences, whereas plasma did not reflect the main redox changes that occur at the brain level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María Dolores Mayas
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
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15
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Label-Free Proteomics Revealed Oxidative Stress and Inflammation as Factors That Enhance Chemoresistance in Luminal Breast Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5357649. [PMID: 31485295 PMCID: PMC6702830 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5357649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated death among women worldwide. Its high mortality rate is related to resistance towards chemotherapies, which is one of the major challenges of breast cancer research. In this study, we used label-free mass spectrometry- (MS-) based proteomics to investigate the differences between circulating proteins in the plasma of patients with chemoresponsive and chemoresistant luminal A breast cancer. MS analysis revealed 205 differentially expressed proteins. Furthermore, we used in silico tools to build protein-protein interaction networks. Most of the upregulated proteins in the chemoresistant group were closely related and tightly linked. The predominant networks were related to oxidative stress, the inflammatory response, and the complement cascade. Through this analysis, we identified inflammation and oxidative stress as central processes of breast cancer chemoresistance. Furthermore, we confirmed our hypothesis by evaluating oxidative stress and performing cytokine profiling in our cohort. The connections among oxidative stress, inflammation, and the complement system described in our study seem to indicate a pivotal axis in breast cancer chemoresistance. Hence, these findings will have significant clinical implications for improving therapies to bypass breast cancer chemoresistance in the future.
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16
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Peng J, Tang L, Cai M, Chen H, Wong J, Zhang P. RECQL5 plays an essential role in maintaining genome stability and viability of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Cancer Med 2019; 8:4743-4752. [PMID: 31231988 PMCID: PMC6712443 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a malignancy that currently lacks targeted therapies. The majority of TNBCs can be characterized as basal‐like and has an expression profile enriched with genes involved in DNA damage repair and checkpoint response. Here, we report that TNBC cells are under replication stress and are constantly generating DNA double‐strand breaks, which is not seen in non‐TNBC cells. Consequently, we found that RECQL5, which encodes a RecQ family DNA helicase involved in many aspects of DNA metabolism including replication and repair, was essential for TNBC cells to survive and proliferate in vitro and in vivo. Compromising RECQL5 function in TNBC cells results in persistence of DNA damage, G2 arrest, and ultimately, cessation of proliferation. Our results suggest RECQL5 may be a potential therapeutic target for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Lichun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjiao Cai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Jiemin Wong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pumin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
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17
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Yu L, Ke HL, Du FS, Li ZC. Redox-Responsive Fluorescent Polycarbonates Based on Selenide for Chemotherapy of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:2809-2820. [PMID: 31185717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Transient increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is vital for some physiological processes, whereas the chronic and sustained high ROS level is usually implicated in the inflammatory diseases and cancers. Herein, we report the innovative redox-responsive theranostic micellar nanoparticles that are able to load anticancer drugs through coordination and hydrophobic interaction and to fluorescently monitor the intracellular redox status. The nanoparticles were formed by the amphiphilic block copolymers composed of a PEG segment and a selenide-containing hydrophobic polycarbonate block with a small fraction of coumarin-based chromophore. Under the alternative redox stimulation that might be encountered in the physiological process of some healthy cells, these nanoparticles underwent the reversible changes in size, morphology, and fluorescence intensity. With the assistance of small model compounds, we clarified the chemistry behind these changes, that is, the redox triggered reversible transformation between selenide and selenoxide. Upon the monotonic oxidation similar to the sustained high ROS level of cancer cells, the nanoparticles could be disrupted completely, which was accompanied by the drastic decrease in fluorescence. Cisplatin and paclitaxel were simultaneously coloaded in the nanoparticles with a moderate efficacy, and the coordination between selenide and platinum improved the stability of the drug-loaded nanoparticles against dilution. The naked nanoparticles are cytocompatible, whereas the dual drug-loaded nanoparticles exhibited a concentration dependent and synergistic cytotoxicity to triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Of importance, the drug-loaded nanoparticles are much more toxic to TNBC cells than to normal cells due in part to ROS overproduction in the former cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - He-Liang Ke
- Emergency Center , First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325000 , China
| | - Fu-Sheng Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Zi-Chen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
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18
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Collery P. Strategies for the development of selenium-based anticancer drugs. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 50:498-507. [PMID: 29548612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many experimental models demonstrated that inorganic and organic selenium (Se) compounds may have an anticancer activity. However, large clinical studies failed to demonstrate that Se supplementations may prevent the outcome of cancers. Moreover, there are few randomized trials in cancer patients and there is not yet any Se compound recognized as anticancer drug. There is still a need to develop new Se compounds with new strategies. For that, it may be necessary to consider that Se compounds may have a dual role, either as anti-oxidant or as pro-oxidant. Experimental studies demonstrated that it is as pro-oxidant that Se compounds have anticancer effects, even though cancer cells have a pro-oxidant status. The oxidative status differs according to the type of cancer, the stage of the disease and to other parameters. We propose to adapt the doses of the Se compounds to markers of the oxidative stress, but also to markers of angiogenesis, which is strongly related with the oxidative status. A dual role of Se on angiogenesis has also been noted, either as pro-angiogenesis or as anti-angiogenesis. The objective for the development of new Se compounds, having a great selectivity on cancer cells, could be to try to normalize these oxidative and angiogenic markers in cancer patients, with an individual adaptation of doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Collery
- Society for the Coordination of Therapeutic Researches, 20220 Algajola, France.
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19
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Banin-Hirata BK, de Oliveira CEC, Losi-Guembarovski R, Ozawa PMM, Vitiello GAF, de Almeida FC, Derossi DR, André ND, Watanabe MAE. The prognostic value of regulatory T cells infiltration in HER2-enriched breast cancer microenvironment. Int Rev Immunol 2017; 37:144-150. [PMID: 29257906 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2017.1401620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer represents a complex and heterogeneous disease that comprises distinct disease conditions, histological features, and clinical outcome. Since many years, it has been demonstrated as an association between HER2 amplification and poor prognosis, because its overexpression is associated with an aggressive phenotype of breast tumor cells. A significant proportion of cases have developed resistance to the current therapies available. Consequently, new prognostic markers are urgently needed to identify patients who are at the highest risk for developing metastases. During the past decade, new insights provided valuable knowledge regarding mechanisms underlying the dynamic interplayed between immune cells and tumor progression. It has been shown that the presence of a lymphocytic infiltrate, particularly of regulatory T cells, in cancer tissue, is associated with clinical outcome promoting rather than inhibiting cancer development and progression. It has been also verified that the clinical value of lymphocytic infiltration in breast cancers could be subtype-dependent, including the HER2-enriched subtype. In this context, this work summarizes proposed to discuss the prognostic value of regulatory T cell infiltration in microenvironment of HER2-enriched breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna K Banin-Hirata
- a Laboratory of Study and Application of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences , Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Pr 445 Km 380 Celso Garcia Cid Highway , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Carlos E C de Oliveira
- a Laboratory of Study and Application of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences , Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Pr 445 Km 380 Celso Garcia Cid Highway , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Roberta Losi-Guembarovski
- a Laboratory of Study and Application of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences , Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Pr 445 Km 380 Celso Garcia Cid Highway , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Patricia M M Ozawa
- a Laboratory of Study and Application of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences , Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Pr 445 Km 380 Celso Garcia Cid Highway , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Glauco A F Vitiello
- a Laboratory of Study and Application of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences , Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Pr 445 Km 380 Celso Garcia Cid Highway , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Felipe C de Almeida
- a Laboratory of Study and Application of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences , Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Pr 445 Km 380 Celso Garcia Cid Highway , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Daniela R Derossi
- b Cancer Hospital of Londrina, Department of Human Pathology , Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina , Londrina , Parana , Brazil
| | - Nayara D André
- c Department of Biochemistry , Federal University of São João del-Rei , Divinópolis , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Maria A E Watanabe
- a Laboratory of Study and Application of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences , Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Pr 445 Km 380 Celso Garcia Cid Highway , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
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20
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Ferroni P, Santilli F, Cavaliere F, Simeone P, Costarelli L, Liani R, Tripaldi R, Riondino S, Roselli M, Davi G, Guadagni F. Oxidant stress as a major determinant of platelet activation in invasive breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2016; 140:696-704. [PMID: 27784132 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The hypothesis that increased oxidative stress in breast cancer (BC) patients could induce enhanced lipid peroxidation, which, in turn, would contribute to platelet activation and poor clinical outcome is attractive. To address this issue, we investigated pre-surgical urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin (PG)F2α (marker of in vivo oxidative stress) and 11-dehydro-thromboxane (TX)B2 (marker of in vivo platelet activation) levels in patients with primary BC (n = 115) compared with control women paired for comorbidities and their association with patients' metabolic profile and clinical prognostic factors. The results obtained showed that presurgical urinary excretion of both biomarkers was enhanced in BC patients compared to controls and was associated with patients' estrogen receptor (ER) expression, but not HER2 status or Ki67 proliferation index. Accordingly, both urinary biomarkers were increased in patients with luminal-like BC molecular subtypes compared with triple negative or HER2-enriched tumors. ER status was an independent predictor of 8-iso-PGF2α urinary levels, which, in turn, significantly predicted 11-dehydro-TXB2 urinary levels together with disease stage and ER status. The prognostic value of 11-dehydro-TXB2 was then evaluated showing a significant correlation with BC pathological response to neoadjuvant treatment. Furthermore, among relapsing patients, those with elevated urinary biomarker levels were more likely to develop distant metastasis rather than local recurrence. In conclusion, we may speculate that enhanced oxidative stress due to estrogen-related mechanisms might cause a condition of persistent platelet activation capable of sustaining BC growth and progression through the release of bioactive stored molecules, ultimately contributing to tumor invasiveness. Further studies specifically addressing this hypothesis are presently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Ferroni
- San Raffaele Roma Open University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, Rome, 00166, Italy.,Interinstitutional Multidisciplinary BioBank (BioBIM), IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta 247, Rome, 00166, Italy
| | - Francesca Santilli
- Department of Medicine and Aging, and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), Via Colle dell'Ara, Chieti, 66013, Italy
| | - Francesco Cavaliere
- Department of Surgery, San Giovanni Hospital-Addolorata, Via dell'Amba Aradan 9, Rome, 00184, Italy
| | - Paola Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging, and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), Via Colle dell'Ara, Chieti, 66013, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Costarelli
- Department of Pathology, San Giovanni Hospital-Addolorata, Via dell'Amba Aradan 9, Rome, 00184, Italy
| | - Rossella Liani
- Department of Medicine and Aging, and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), Via Colle dell'Ara, Chieti, 66013, Italy
| | - Romina Tripaldi
- Department of Medicine and Aging, and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), Via Colle dell'Ara, Chieti, 66013, Italy
| | - Silvia Riondino
- Interinstitutional Multidisciplinary BioBank (BioBIM), IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta 247, Rome, 00166, Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, Medical Oncology, Tor Vergata Clinical Center, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Viale Oxford 81, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Mario Roselli
- Department of Systems Medicine, Medical Oncology, Tor Vergata Clinical Center, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Viale Oxford 81, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Giovanni Davi
- Department of Medicine and Aging, and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), Via Colle dell'Ara, Chieti, 66013, Italy
| | - Fiorella Guadagni
- San Raffaele Roma Open University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, Rome, 00166, Italy.,Interinstitutional Multidisciplinary BioBank (BioBIM), IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta 247, Rome, 00166, Italy
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21
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Serra KP, Peres RMR, Sarian LO, Vassallo J, Pinto GA, Silva GRDP, Soares FA, da Cunha IW, Espinola J, Bento AM, Del Corso LM, Derchain S. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and p53 protein expression are interdependent in breast cancer but not associated with clinico-pathological surrogate subtypes, tumor aggressiveness and patient survival. Acta Histochem 2016; 118:176-82. [PMID: 26791786 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In the last decade, different molecular subtypes of breast cancer have been proposed. Although displaying appreciable association with disease prognosis and the prognostic value of cytotoxic and endocrine therapeutic modalities, the subtypes seem to fail at completely explaining disease behavior and response to treatment. Molecules such as those of the cyclocooxigenase (COX) family, currently composed of three entities (COX 1, 2 and 3) have been shown to be associated with breast carcinogenesis, and the analysis of p53 expression in breast tumors may also offer some additional prognostic clues. Our study is aimed at assessing COX2 and p53 expression in these clinico-pathological surrogate subtypes, and to evaluate whether the expression of these molecules can help further explain the variability in prognosis still found within the clinico-pathological subtypes groups of breast cancer. METHODS A total of 183 breast cancer samples were obtained from women treated at the Womeńs Hospital of Campinas State University, Campinas, Brazil, between June 2008 and January 2011. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of ER, PR, ki67, COX2, and p53 and the HER2 status of the 183 specimens was assessed using FISH. Two COX2 staining thresholds were used to define COX2 positivity: low threshold (LT): moderate and intense staining were considered positive; high-threshold (HT): only intense staining was considered positive. RESULTS There was no trend in COX2 overexpression from Luminal A-like to Triple-negative subtypes. By contrast, p53 was expressed in roughly 67% of the Luminal A-like tumors, 50% of the Luminal B-like HER2 positive tumors, 60.9% of the Luminal B-like HER2 negative, approximately 82% of the HER2 positive (non-luminal) and 87% of the Triple-negative tumors (p for trends=0.06). There was a significantly higher proportion of COX2 positive (LT) tumors (66.9%) when p53 was also positive compared to when the tumor was negative for p53 (in which case only18.0% of the tumors were positive for COX2; p<0.001). Neither marker was found to be associated with patients' survival. CONCLUSIONS There seems to be a positive association between the expressions of COX2 and p53. Otherwise, neither the expression of COX nor that of p53 was associated with clinico-pathological subtypes, tumor features and prognosis. It seems to be too early to elect the detection of COX2 using IHC as prognostic or predictive tool, but incipient evidence points toward a possible role for the marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Piton Serra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences PO Box 6111, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Raquel Mary Rodrigues Peres
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences PO Box 6111, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Otávio Sarian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences PO Box 6111, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - José Vassallo
- Department of Pathology, Street Tessalia Vieira de Camargo, 126, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Postal Code 13083-887, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Hospital, Antônio Prudente Foundation, Street Professor Antônio Prudente,109, Liberdade, 01509-900 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Glauce Aparecida Pinto
- Department of Pathology, Street Tessalia Vieira de Camargo, 126, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Postal Code 13083-887, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Geisilene Russano de Paiva Silva
- Department of Pathology, Street Tessalia Vieira de Camargo, 126, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Postal Code 13083-887, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Augusto Soares
- Department of Pathology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Hospital, Antônio Prudente Foundation, Street Professor Antônio Prudente,109, Liberdade, 01509-900 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Isabela Werneck da Cunha
- Department of Pathology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Hospital, Antônio Prudente Foundation, Street Professor Antônio Prudente,109, Liberdade, 01509-900 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Espinola
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences PO Box 6111, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Adriano Mesquita Bento
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences PO Box 6111, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Leticia Marinho Del Corso
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences PO Box 6111, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Sophie Derchain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences PO Box 6111, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Walsh EM, Keane MM, Wink DA, Callagy G, Glynn SA. Review of Triple Negative Breast Cancer and the Impact of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase on Tumor Biology and Patient Outcomes. Crit Rev Oncog 2016; 21:333-351. [PMID: 29431082 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2017021307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs), which are defined as estrogen-receptor, progesterone-receptor, and HER2-receptor negative, account for 10-20% of breast cancers, and they are associated with early metastasis, chemotherapeutic resistance, and poor survival rates. One aspect of TNBC that complicates its prognosis and the development of new molecular therapeutic targets is its clinical and molecular heterogeneity. Herein we compare TNBC and basal cytokeratin-positive breast cancers. We examine the different TNBC molecular subtypes, based on gene expression profiling, which include basal-like, mesenchymal, and luminal androgen receptors, in the context of their biology and impact on TNBC prognosis. We explore the potential role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in TNBC tumor biology and treatment responses. iNOS has been shown to induce p53 mutation accumulation, basal-like gene signature enrichment, and transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) via S-nitrosylation, all of which are key components of TNBC biology. Moreover, iNOS predicts poor outcome in TNBC, and iNOS inhibitors show efficacy against TNBC when used in combination with chemotherapy. We discuss molecular targeted approaches, including EGFR, PARP, and VEGF inhibitors and immunotherapeutics, that are under consideration for the treatment of TNBC and what role, if any, iNOS may play in their success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine M Walsh
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland; Medical Oncology, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Maccon M Keane
- Medical Oncology, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - David A Wink
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Grace Callagy
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sharon A Glynn
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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23
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Huang Y, Li Y, Luo Z, Duan Y. Investigation of biomarkers for discriminating breast cancer cell lines from normal mammary cell lines based on VOCs analysis and metabolomics. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra03238a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to investigate the volatile organic components of human breast cancer/normal cell lines for fingerprinting and exploring potential VOCs biomarkers for noninvasive diagnosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Huang
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation
| | - Yu Li
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment
- Ministry of Education
- College of Life Science
- Sichuan University
| | - Zewei Luo
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment
- Ministry of Education
- College of Life Science
- Sichuan University
| | - Yixiang Duan
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment
- Ministry of Education
- College of Life Science
- Sichuan University
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24
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Samadi AK, Bilsland A, Georgakilas AG, Amedei A, Amin A, Bishayee A, Azmi AS, Lokeshwar BL, Grue B, Panis C, Boosani CS, Poudyal D, Stafforini DM, Bhakta D, Niccolai E, Guha G, Vasantha Rupasinghe HP, Fujii H, Honoki K, Mehta K, Aquilano K, Lowe L, Hofseth LJ, Ricciardiello L, Ciriolo MR, Singh N, Whelan RL, Chaturvedi R, Ashraf SS, Shantha Kumara HMC, Nowsheen S, Mohammed SI, Keith WN, Helferich WG, Yang X. A multi-targeted approach to suppress tumor-promoting inflammation. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S151-S184. [PMID: 25951989 PMCID: PMC4635070 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancers harbor significant genetic heterogeneity and patterns of relapse following many therapies are due to evolved resistance to treatment. While efforts have been made to combine targeted therapies, significant levels of toxicity have stymied efforts to effectively treat cancer with multi-drug combinations using currently approved therapeutics. We discuss the relationship between tumor-promoting inflammation and cancer as part of a larger effort to develop a broad-spectrum therapeutic approach aimed at a wide range of targets to address this heterogeneity. Specifically, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, cyclooxygenase-2, transcription factor nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor alpha, inducible nitric oxide synthase, protein kinase B, and CXC chemokines are reviewed as important antiinflammatory targets while curcumin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, lycopene, and anthocyanins are reviewed as low-cost, low toxicity means by which these targets might all be reached simultaneously. Future translational work will need to assess the resulting synergies of rationally designed antiinflammatory mixtures (employing low-toxicity constituents), and then combine this with similar approaches targeting the most important pathways across the range of cancer hallmark phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematics and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin Health Sciences Institute, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State Univeristy, Karmanos Cancer Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Bal L Lokeshwar
- Department of Urology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States; Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Brendan Grue
- Department of Environmental Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Mediators, State University of West Paraná, UNIOESTE, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Deepak Poudyal
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Diana M Stafforini
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - H P Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kapil Mehta
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Getting to Know Cancer, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| | - Lorne J Hofseth
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Luigi Ricciardiello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Neetu Singh
- Advanced Molecular Science Research Centre (Centre for Advanced Research), King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Richard L Whelan
- Department of Surgery, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rupesh Chaturvedi
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - H M C Shantha Kumara
- Department of Surgery, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Xujuan Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
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25
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Can Breast Tumors Affect the Oxidative Status of the Surrounding Environment? A Comparative Analysis among Cancerous Breast, Mammary Adjacent Tissue, and Plasma. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:6429812. [PMID: 26697139 PMCID: PMC4677231 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6429812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we investigated the oxidative profile of breast tumors in comparison with their normal adjacent breast tissue. Our study indicates that breast tumors present enhanced oxidative/nitrosative stress, with concomitant augmented antioxidant capacity when compared to the adjacent normal breast. These data indicate that breast cancers may be responsible for the induction of a prooxidant environment in the mammary gland, in association with enhanced TNF-α and nitric oxide.
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26
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Tudoran O, Virtic O, Balacescu L, Lisencu C, Fetica B, Gherman C, Balacescu O, Berindan-Neagoe I. Baseline blood immunological profiling differentiates between Her2-breast cancer molecular subtypes: implications for immunomediated mechanisms of treatment response. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:3415-23. [PMID: 26604799 PMCID: PMC4655955 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s91720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Breast cancer patients’ response to treatment is highly dependent on the primary tumor molecular features, with triple-negative breast tumors having the worst prognosis of all subtypes. According to the molecular features, tumors stimulate the microenvironment to induce distinct immune responses, baseline immune activation being associated with higher likelihood of pathologic response. In this study, we investigated the deconvolution of the immunological status of triple-negative tumors in comparison with luminal tumors and the association with patients’ clinicopathological characteristics. Patients and methods Gene expression of 84 inflammatory molecules and their receptors were analyzed in 40 peripheral blood samples from patients with Her2− primary breast cancer tumors. We studied the association of triple-negative phenotype with age, clinical stage, tumor size, lymph nodes, and menopausal status. Results We observed that more patients with estrogen (ER)/progesterone (PR)-negative tumors had grade III, while more patients with ER/PR-positive tumors had grade II tumors. Gene expression analysis revealed a panel of 14 genes to have differential expression between the two groups: several interleukins: IL13, IL16, IL17C and IL17F, IL1A, IL3; interleukin receptors: IL10RB, IL5RA; chemokines: CXCL13 and CCL26; and cytokines: CSF2, IFNA2, OSM, TNSF13. Conclusion The expression levels of these genes have been previously shown to be associated with reduced immunological status; indeed, the triple-negative breast cancer patients presented with lower counts of lymphocytes and eosinophils than the ER/PR-positive ones. These results contribute to a better understanding of the possible role of antitumor immune responses in mediating the clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Tudoran
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof Dr Ion Chiricuţă", Cluj-Napoca, Romania ; Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Virtic
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Loredana Balacescu
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof Dr Ion Chiricuţă", Cluj-Napoca, Romania ; Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Bogdan Fetica
- Department of Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof Dr Ion Chiricuţă", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudia Gherman
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof Dr Ion Chiricuţă", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Balacescu
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof Dr Ion Chiricuţă", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof Dr Ion Chiricuţă", Cluj-Napoca, Romania ; Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania ; Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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27
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Cytokines as Mediators of Pain-Related Process in Breast Cancer. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:129034. [PMID: 26635447 PMCID: PMC4655288 DOI: 10.1155/2015/129034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain is a clinical sign of inflammation found in a wide variety of chronic pathologies, including cancer. The occurrence of pain in patients carrying breast tumors is reported and is associated with aspects concerning disease spreading, treatment, and surgical intervention. The persistence of pain in patients submitted to breast surgery is estimated in a range from 21% to 55% and may affect patients before and after surgery. Beyond the physical compression exerted by the metastatic mass expansion and tissue injury found in breast cancer, inflammatory components that are significantly produced by the host-tumor interaction can significantly contribute to the generation of pain. In this context, cytokines have been studied aiming to establish a cause-effect relationship in cancer pain-related syndromes, especially the proinflammatory ones. Few reports have investigated the relationship between pain and cytokines in women carrying advanced breast cancer. In this scenario, the present review analyzes the main cytokines produced in breast cancer and discusses the evidences from literature regarding its role in specific clinical features related with this pathology.
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28
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Rose DP, Gracheck PJ, Vona-Davis L. The Interactions of Obesity, Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:2147-68. [PMID: 26516917 PMCID: PMC4695883 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7040883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obese postmenopausal women have an increased breast cancer risk, the principal mechanism for which is elevated estrogen production by adipose tissue; also, regardless of menstrual status and tumor estrogen dependence, obesity is associated with biologically aggressive breast cancers. Type 2 diabetes has a complex relationship with breast cancer risk and outcome; coexisting obesity may be a major factor, but insulin itself induces adipose aromatase activity and estrogen production and also directly stimulates breast cancer cell growth and invasion. Adipose tissue inflammation occurs frequently in obesity and type 2 diabetes, and proinflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E2 produced by cyclooxygenase-2 in the associated infiltrating macrophages also induce elevated aromatase expression. In animal models, the same proinflammatory mediators, and the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, also stimulate tumor cell proliferation and invasion directly and promote tumor-related angiogenesis. We postulate that chronic adipose tissue inflammation, rather than body mass index-defined obesity per se, is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and postmenopausal estrogen-dependent breast cancer. Also, notably before the menopause, obesity and type 2 diabetes, or perhaps the associated inflammation, promote estrogen-independent, notably triple-negative, breast cancer development, invasion and metastasis by mechanisms that may involve macrophage-secreted cytokines, adipokines and insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Rose
- Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center,West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | - Peter J Gracheck
- Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center,West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | - Linda Vona-Davis
- Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center,West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
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29
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Collery P, Mohsen A, Kermagoret A, Corre S, Bastian G, Tomas A, Wei M, Santoni F, Guerra N, Desmaële D, d’Angelo J. Antitumor activity of a rhenium (I)-diselenoether complex in experimental models of human breast cancer. Invest New Drugs 2015; 33:848-60. [PMID: 26108551 PMCID: PMC4491361 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-015-0265-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Rhenium (I)-diselenother (Re-diselenoether) is a water soluble metal-based compound, combining one atom of rhenium and two atoms of selenium. This compound has been reported to exhibit marked activities against several solid tumor cell lines. We now disclose an improved synthesis of this complex. The Re-diselenoether showed a potent inhibitory effect on MDA-MB231 cell division in vitro, which lasted when the complex was no longer present in the culture. Re-diselenoether induced a remarkable reduction of the volume of the primitive breast tumors and of the pulmonary metastases without clinical signs of toxicity, in mice-bearing a MDA-MB231 Luc+ tumor, orthotopically transplanted, after a daily oral administration at the dose of 10 mg/kg/d. Interestingly, an antagonism was observed when cisplatin was administered as a single i.p. injection 1 week after the end of the Re-diselenoether administration. In an effort to gain insight of the mechanisms of action of Re-diselenoether complex, interaction with 9-methylguanine as a nucleic acid base model was studied. We have shown that Re-diselenoether gave both mono- and bis-guanine Re adducts, the species assumed to be responsible for the DNA intrastrand lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Collery
- />Société de Coordination de Recherches Thérapeutiques, Algajola, France
| | - Ahmed Mohsen
- />Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Institut Galien, UMR CNRS 8612, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Anthony Kermagoret
- />Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8076 BIOCIS, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Samantha Corre
- />Department of Life Science, Imperial College of London, London, UK
| | - Gérard Bastian
- />Département de Pharmacologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Alain Tomas
- />Laboratoire de Cristallographie et RMN, Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR CNRS 8015, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Ming Wei
- />Laboratoire Cellvax, Ecole Vétérinaire Nationale d’Alfort, Maisons Alfort, France
| | - François Santoni
- />Laboratoire de l’Office d’Equipement Hydraulique de Corse, Bastia, France
| | - Nadia Guerra
- />Department of Life Science, Imperial College of London, London, UK
| | - Didier Desmaële
- />Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Institut Galien, UMR CNRS 8612, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jean d’Angelo
- />Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8076 BIOCIS, Chatenay-Malabry, France
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30
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Lemos LGT, Victorino VJ, Herrera ACSA, Aranome AMF, Cecchini AL, Simão ANC, Panis C, Cecchini R. Trastuzumab-based chemotherapy modulates systemic redox homeostasis in women with HER2-positive breast cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 27:8-14. [PMID: 25937481 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Trastuzumab is an immunotargeting therapeutic against breast tumors with amplification of the human epithelial growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). HER2 patients naturally exhibit disruption in the pro-oxidant inflammatory profiling; however, the impact of trastuzumab-based chemotherapy in modulating this process is still unknown. Here we determined the systemic pro-inflammatory profile of women diagnosed with HER2-amplified tumors, undergoing trastuzumab-based chemotherapy (TZ), and compared the results with that of healthy controls (CTR) and untreated patients with HER2-amplified breast cancer (CA). The plasmatic inflammatory profile was assessed by evaluating pro-oxidant parameters such as lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant capacity (TRAP), levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), nitric oxide (NO), C-reactive protein (CRP), and total thiol content. Markers of cardiac damage were also assessed. Our findings showed increased NO levels in TZ than that in either CA or CTR groups. Furthermore, TZ augmented TRAP and reduced total thiol than that of the CA group. Our data also revealed that AOPP levels were significantly higher in the TZ than the CA group. AOPP and the MB fraction of creatine-kinase (CKMB) levels were positively correlated in TZ patients. These findings suggest that trastuzumab-associated chemotherapy can modulate the pro-inflammatory markers of HER2-positive breast cancer patients to the levels found in healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G T Lemos
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, National Cancer Institute, INCA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - V J Victorino
- Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A C S A Herrera
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, National Cancer Institute, INCA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A M F Aranome
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Free Radicals, Londrina State University, UEL, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A L Cecchini
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Free Radicals, Londrina State University, UEL, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A N C Simão
- Universitary Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - C Panis
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Mediators, State University of West Paraná, UNIOESTE, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - R Cecchini
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Free Radicals, Londrina State University, UEL, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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31
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Panis C, Pizzatti L, Corrêa S, Binato R, Lemos GF, da Silva do Amaral Herrera AC, Seixas TF, Cecchini R, Abdelhay E. The positive is inside the negative: HER2-negative tumors can express the HER2 intracellular domain and present a HER2-positive phenotype. Cancer Lett 2015; 357:186-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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32
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Cecilio AP, Takakura ET, Jumes JJ, Dos Santos JW, Herrera AC, Victorino VJ, Panis C. Breast cancer in Brazil: epidemiology and treatment challenges. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2015; 7:43-9. [PMID: 25678813 PMCID: PMC4317062 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s50361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Notwithstanding the advances in tumor research, diagnosis, and treatment, breast cancer is still a challenge worldwide. This global burden of disease has been associated with population aging and the persistence of cancer-related behaviors. The number of women diagnosed with breast cancer has been estimated as increasing, especially in middle-income countries such as Brazil. Estimates from the Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA) point to breast cancer as the major malignant neoplasia in Brazilian women and the main cause of death from cancer in the country. This fact has been associated with increased life expectancy, urbanization, and cancer-related behaviors. Given this scenario, it is clear that there is a need for identifying and discussing which factors have substantially contributed to this growing number of cases in Brazil, including access to treatment, prevention and early diagnosis, weaknesses of the local health policy, and intrinsic genetic peculiarities of the Brazilian population. This review aims to address the role of such factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adma Poliana Cecilio
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Mediators, State University o West Paraná, UNIOESTE, Campus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Erika Tomie Takakura
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Mediators, State University o West Paraná, UNIOESTE, Campus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Janaina Jumes
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Mediators, State University o West Paraná, UNIOESTE, Campus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jeane Wilhelm Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Mediators, State University o West Paraná, UNIOESTE, Campus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Mediators, State University o West Paraná, UNIOESTE, Campus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
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33
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Groot Kormelink T, Powe DG, Kuijpers SA, Abudukelimu A, Fens MHAM, Pieters EHE, Kassing van der Ven WW, Habashy HO, Ellis IO, Blokhuis BR, Thio M, Hennink WE, Storm G, Redegeld FA, Schiffelers RM. Immunoglobulin free light chains are biomarkers of poor prognosis in basal-like breast cancer and are potential targets in tumor-associated inflammation. Oncotarget 2015; 5:3159-67. [PMID: 24931643 PMCID: PMC4102799 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an important component of various cancers and its inflammatory cells and mediators have been shown to have prognostic potential. Tumor-infiltrating mast cells can promote tumor growth and angiogenesis, but the mechanism of mast cell activation is unclear. In earlier studies, we demonstrated that immunoglobulin free light chains (FLC) can trigger mast cells in an antigen-specific manner. Increased expression of FLC was observed within stroma of various human cancers including those of breast, colon, lung, pancreas, kidney and skin, and FLC expression co-localized with areas of mast cell infiltration. In a large cohort of breast cancer patients, FLC expression was shown associated with basal-like cancers with an aggressive phenotype. Moreover, lambda FLC was found expressed in areas of inflammatory infiltration and its expression was significantly associated with poor clinical outcome. Functional importance of FLCs was shown in a murine B16F10 melanoma model, where inhibition of FLC-mediated mast cell activation strongly reduced tumor growth. Collectively, this study identifies FLCs as a ligand in the pro-tumorigenic activation of mast cells. Blocking this pathway may open new avenues for the inhibition of tumor growth, while immunohistochemical staining of FLC may be helpful in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Groot Kormelink
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Raymond M Schiffelers
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Guo CH, Hsia S, Shih MY, Hsieh FC, Chen PC. Effects of Selenium Yeast on Oxidative Stress, Growth Inhibition, and Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Med Sci 2015; 12:748-58. [PMID: 26392813 PMCID: PMC4571553 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.12177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that selenium (Se) yeast may exhibit potential anti-cancer properties; whereas the precise mechanisms remain unknown. The present study was aimed at evaluating the effects of Se yeast on oxidative stress, growth inhibition, and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. Treatments of ER-positive MCF-7 and triple-negative MDA-MB-231 cells with Se yeast (100, 750, and 1500 ng Se/mL), methylseleninic acid (MSA, 1500 ng Se/mL), or methylselenocysteine (MSC, 1500 ng Se/mL) at a time course experiment (at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h) were analyzed. Se yeast inhibited the growth of these cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Compared with the same level of MSA, cancer cells exposure to Se yeast exhibited a lower growth-inhibitory response. The latter has also lower superoxide production and reduced antioxidant enzyme activities. Furthermore, MSA (1500 ng Se/mL)-exposed non-tumorigenic human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) have a significant growth inhibitory effect, but not Se yeast and MSC. Compared with MSA, Se yeast resulted in a greater increase in the early apoptosis in MCF-7 cells as well as a lower proportion of early and late apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, nuclear morphological changes and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential were observed. In conclusion, a dose of 100 to 1500 ng Se/mL of Se yeast can increase oxidative stress, and stimulate growth inhibitory effects and apoptosis induction in breast cancer cell lines, but does not affect non-tumorigenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Guo
- 1. Institute of Biomedical Nutrition, Hung-Kuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan ; 2. Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan ; 3. Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan ; 4. Taiwan Nutraceutical Association, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Simon Hsia
- 1. Institute of Biomedical Nutrition, Hung-Kuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan ; 4. Taiwan Nutraceutical Association, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yi Shih
- 1. Institute of Biomedical Nutrition, Hung-Kuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Chin Hsieh
- 1. Institute of Biomedical Nutrition, Hung-Kuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chung Chen
- 4. Taiwan Nutraceutical Association, Taipei 115, Taiwan ; 5. College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan ; 6. College of Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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Martínez-Martos JM, Mayas MD, Carrera P, Arias de Saavedra JM, Sánchez-Agesta R, Arrazola M, Ramírez-Expósito MJ. Phenolic compounds oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol exert differential effects on glioma development via antioxidant defense systems. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Investigation of potential breath biomarkers for the early diagnosis of breast cancer using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 436:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Panis C, Herrera ACSA, Aranome AMF, Victorino VJ, Michelleti PL, Morimoto HK, Cecchini AL, Simão ANC, Cecchini R. Clinical insights from adiponectin analysis in breast cancer patients reveal its anti-inflammatory properties in non-obese women. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 382:190-196. [PMID: 24095646 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin is a cytokine reported as a determinant of poor prognosis in women with breast cancer. However, because data regarding its role in breast cancer have been obtained primarily from studies employing overweight or obese women, the adiponectin profile in non-obese women is poorly understood. In this study, we determined adiponectin levels in plasma from non-obese women with breast cancer and investigated a possible correlation with systemic inflammatory status. We determined the plasma adiponectin levels as well as biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in 80 women. Our results revealed that plasma adiponectin levels were affected by chemotherapy, estrogen receptor status, and disease progression. Adiponectin was positively correlated with antioxidant levels, without affecting either the metastatic behavior of disease or patient outcome. These findings highlight adiponectin as a novel player in the endocrine signaling that modulates the oxidative inflammatory response in human breast cancer, and contribute to the understanding of the role of adiponectin in pathological conditions in non-obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Panis
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Free Radicals, Department of General Pathology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - A C S A Herrera
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Free Radicals, Department of General Pathology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A M F Aranome
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Free Radicals, Department of General Pathology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - P L Michelleti
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Free Radicals, Department of General Pathology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - H K Morimoto
- Universitary Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A L Cecchini
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Free Radicals, Department of General Pathology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A N C Simão
- Universitary Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - R Cecchini
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Free Radicals, Department of General Pathology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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Victorino VJ, Campos FC, Herrera ACSA, Colado Simão AN, Cecchini AL, Panis C, Cecchini R. Overexpression of HER-2/neu protein attenuates the oxidative systemic profile in women diagnosed with breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:3025-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1391-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Li YQ, Liu FF, Zhang XM, Guo XJ, Ren MJ, Fu L. Tumor secretion of CCL22 activates intratumoral Treg infiltration and is independent prognostic predictor of breast cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76379. [PMID: 24124553 PMCID: PMC3790712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that dense intratumoral infiltration of Foxp3 +Tregs (Tregs) was an independent factor for poor prognosis of breast cancer (BC) patients. However, the cytokines activating the Treg infiltration are not known. This study was undertaken to evaluate the role of CCL22 and TGF-β1 in this cascade and their prognostic significance for BC patients. 417 cases of invasive breast cancer were selected from the prior study cohort and the expressions of CCL22 and TGF-β1 were assessed by immunohistochemistry. It was identified that tumor secretion of CCL22 was positively correlated with the intratumoral Treg infiltration (P<0.0001), but its association with lymphoid aggregates surrounding the tumor was not proven to be significant (P=0.056). Moreover, CCL22 expression was found to be associated with the tumor histological features known to be related with unfavorable prognosis of patients, including high histological grade (P<0.0001), negative ER (P<0.0001), negative PR (P=0.001), and HER2 amplification (P=0.028). Similar to intratumoral Treg infiltrates, CCL22 tumor secretion correlated with the prognosis of the molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma (P<0.0001). Univariate analysis revealed CCL22 to be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS, P<0.0001) and progression-free survival (PFS, P<0.0001) of BC patients that were confirmed by multivariate analysis (P=0.011 and P=0.010 respectively). In contrast, although TGF-β1 expression was positively correlated with both Tregs infiltrates into the tumor bed and lymphoid aggregates surrounding the tumor (P=0.023; P=0.046, respectively), its expression was not significantly associated with the molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma and the prognosis of the patients. Our study indicates that both CCL22 and TGF-β1 are candidate chemoattractants for intratumoral Foxp3 +Tregs infiltration; however, unlike the later, CCL22 is an independent prognostic predictor of BC patients, and it therefore may have the potential to serve as a target for immunotherapeutic strategy of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qing Li
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang-Fang Liu
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin-Min Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Xiao-Jing Guo
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Mei-Jing Ren
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin, China
- * E-mail:
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Cohen AL, Piccolo SR, Cheng L, Soldi R, Han B, Johnson WE, Bild AH. Genomic pathway analysis reveals that EZH2 and HDAC4 represent mutually exclusive epigenetic pathways across human cancers. BMC Med Genomics 2013; 6:35. [PMID: 24079712 PMCID: PMC3850967 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8794-6-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alterations in epigenetic marks, including methylation or acetylation, are common in human cancers. For many epigenetic pathways, however, direct measures of activity are unknown, making their role in various cancers difficult to assess. Gene expression signatures facilitate the examination of patterns of epigenetic pathway activation across and within human cancer types allowing better understanding of the relationships between these pathways. Methods We used Bayesian regression to generate gene expression signatures from normal epithelial cells before and after epigenetic pathway activation. Signatures were applied to datasets from TCGA, GEO, CaArray, ArrayExpress, and the cancer cell line encyclopedia. For TCGA data, signature results were correlated with copy number variation and DNA methylation changes. GSEA was used to identify biologic pathways related to the signatures. Results We developed and validated signatures reflecting downstream effects of enhancer of zeste homolog 2(EZH2), histone deacetylase(HDAC) 1, HDAC4, sirtuin 1(SIRT1), and DNA methyltransferase 2(DNMT2). By applying these signatures to data from cancer cell lines and tumors in large public repositories, we identify those cancers that have the highest and lowest activation of each of these pathways. Highest EZH2 activation is seen in neuroblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, small cell lung cancer, and melanoma, while highest HDAC activity is seen in pharyngeal cancer, kidney cancer, and pancreatic cancer. Across all datasets studied, activation of both EZH2 and HDAC4 is significantly underrepresented. Using breast cancer and glioblastoma as examples to examine intrinsic subtypes of particular cancers, EZH2 activation was highest in luminal breast cancers and proneural glioblastomas, while HDAC4 activation was highest in basal breast cancer and mesenchymal glioblastoma. EZH2 and HDAC4 activation are associated with particular chromosome abnormalities: EZH2 activation with aberrations in genes from the TGF and phosphatidylinositol pathways and HDAC4 activation with aberrations in inflammatory and chemokine related genes. Conclusion Gene expression patterns can reveal the activation level of epigenetic pathways. Epigenetic pathways define biologically relevant subsets of human cancers. EZH2 activation and HDAC4 activation correlate with growth factor signaling and inflammation, respectively, and represent two distinct states for cancer cells. This understanding may allow us to identify targetable drivers in these cancer subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam L Cohen
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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Metastatic breast carcinoma induces vascular endothelial dysfunction in Balb-c mice: Role of the tumor necrosis factor-α and NADPH oxidase. Vascul Pharmacol 2013; 59:103-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Pretreatment levels of circulating Th1 and Th2 cytokines, and their ratios, are associated with ER-negative and triple negative breast cancers. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2013; 139:477-88. [PMID: 23624818 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-013-2549-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Immune signatures in breast tumors differ by estrogen receptor (ER) status. The purpose of this study was to assess associations between ER phenotypes and circulating levels of cytokines that co-ordinate cell-mediated [T-helper type 1 (Th1)] and humoral [T-helper type 2 (Th2)] immunity. We conducted a case-case comparison of 523 women with newly diagnosed breast cancer to evaluate associations between 27 circulating cytokines, measured using Luminex XMap technology, and breast cancer phenotypes [ER(-) vs. ER(+); triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) vs. luminal A (LumA)]. Ratios of Th1 to Th2 cytokines were also evaluated. Levels of interleukin (IL)-5, a Th-2 cytokine, were higher in ER(-) than in ER(+) tumors. The highest tertile of IL-5 was more strongly associated with ER(-) (OR = 2.33, 95 % CI 1.40-3.90) and TNBCs (OR = 2.78, 95 % CI 1.53-5.06) compared to ER(+) and LumA cancers, respectively, particularly among premenopausal women (OR = 4.17, 95 % CI 1.86-9.34, ER(-) vs. ER(+); OR = 5.60, 95 % CI 2.09-15.01, TNBC vs. LumA). Elevated Th1 cytokines were also detected in women with ER(-) and TNBCs, with women in the highest tertile of interferon α2 (OR = 2.39, 95 % CI 1.31-4.35) or tumor necrosis factor-α (OR = 2.27, 95 % CI 1.21-4.26) being twice as likely to have TNBC versus LumA cancer. When cytokine ratios were examined, women with the highest ratios of Th1 cytokines to IL-5 levels were least likely to have ER(-) or TNBCs compared to ER(+) or LumA cancers, respectively. The strongest associations were in premenopausal women, who were up to 80 % less likely to have TNBC than LumA cancers (IL-12p40/IL-5, OR = 0.19, 95 % CI 0.07-0.56). These findings indicate that immune function is associated with ER(-) and TNBC and may be most relevant among younger women, who are likely to be diagnosed with these aggressive phenotypes.
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