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Xiong R, Du Y, Chen S, Liu T, Ding X, Zhou J, Wang Z, Yang Q. Hypermethylation of the ADIRF promoter regulates its expression level and is involved in NNK-induced malignant transformation of lung bronchial epithelial cells. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:3243-3258. [PMID: 37777989 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03608-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The carcinogenic mechanism of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), a well-known tobacco carcinogen, has not been fully elucidated in epigenetic studies. 5-Methylcytosine (5mC) modification plays a major role in epigenetic regulation. In this study, the 5mC level increased in both BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelium cells treated with 100 mg/L NNK for 24 h and NNK-induced malignant-transformed BEAS-2B cells (2B-NNK cells), suggesting that 5mC modification is associated with the malignant transformation mechanism of NNK. Using a combination of Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation Sequencing (MeDIP-seq), RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and bioinformatics analysis of data from the Genomic Data Commons database, we found that the Adipogenesis regulatory factor (ADIRF) promoter region was abnormally hypermethylated, yielding low ADIRF mRNA expression, and that ADIRF overexpression could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of 2B-NNK cells. This finding suggests that ADIRF plays a tumor suppressor role in the NNK-induced malignant transformation of cells. Subsequently, using 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-2'-dC) and the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-Catalytically Dead Cas9 (dCas9 system), we verified that the demethylation of the ADIRF promoter region in 2B-NNK cells inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of the cells and increased their apoptosis ability. These results suggest that abnormal 5mC modification of the ADIRF promoter plays a positive regulatory role in the pathogenesis of NNK-induced lung cancer. This study offers a new experimental basis for the epigenetic mechanism of NNK-induced lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiong
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiheng Du
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Sili Chen
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Ding
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Zhou
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, 1 Tianqiang St., Huangpu West Ave, Guangzhou, 510620, China
| | - Qiaoyuan Yang
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Immune-enhancing effects of gamma-irradiated sericin. Food Sci Biotechnol 2020; 29:969-976. [PMID: 32582459 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-020-00734-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma radiation changes the molecular structure and activity of proteins, which in turn changes their physiological effects. Sericin, one of the silk peptides, has beneficial effects to humans such as inducing apoptosis, acting as an anti-oxidant. The effects of gamma irradiation on the physiological activity of fibroin have been studied, but its effects on sericin alone have not yet been established. In this study, we assessed the effects of gamma irradiation on sericin (I-sericin) in regard to its inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that I-sericin (5 kGy) significantly increased nitric oxide production, proliferation of immune cells, and effectively attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. The mice were fed I-sericin for 4 weeks and treated with LPS; they exhibited significantly increased proliferation of lymphocytes, activation of NK cells and decreased secretion of inflammatory cytokines These results suggest gamma-irradiated I-sericin as a valuable functional food supplement by immune-enhancing and anti-inflammation effects.
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3
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Shi L, Li K, Guo Y, Banerjee A, Wang Q, Lorenz UM, Parlak M, Sullivan LC, Onyema OO, Arefanian S, Stelow EB, Brautigan DL, Bullock TNJ, Brown MG, Krupnick AS. Modulation of NKG2D, NKp46, and Ly49C/I facilitates natural killer cell-mediated control of lung cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:11808-11813. [PMID: 30381460 PMCID: PMC6243255 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1804931115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role in controlling malignancies. Susceptibility or resistance to lung cancer, for example, specifically depends on NK cell function. Nevertheless, intrinsic factors that control NK cell-mediated clearance of lung cancer are unknown. Here we report that NK cells exposed to exogenous major histocompatibility class I (MHCI) provide a significant immunologic barrier to the growth and progression of malignancy. Clearance of lung cancer is facilitated by up-regulation of NKG2D, NKp46, and other activating receptors upon exposure to environmental MHCI. Surface expression of the inhibitory receptor Ly49C/I, on the other hand, is down-regulated upon exposure to tumor-bearing tissue. We thus demonstrate that NK cells exhibit dynamic plasticity in surface expression of both activating and inhibitory receptors based on the environmental context. Our data suggest that altering the activation state of NK cells may contribute to immunologic control of lung and possibly other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710049, China
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Kang Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710049, China
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Yizhan Guo
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Anirban Banerjee
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Ulrike M Lorenz
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Mahmut Parlak
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Lucy C Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Oscar Okwudiri Onyema
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Saeed Arefanian
- Department of Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 43110
| | - Edward B Stelow
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - David L Brautigan
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Timothy N J Bullock
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Michael G Brown
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Alexander Sasha Krupnick
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908;
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
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4
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Vicente D, Ikoma N, Chiang YJ, Fournier K, Tzeng CWD, Song S, Mansfield P, Ajani J, Badgwell BD. Preoperative Therapy for Gastric Adenocarcinoma is Protective for Poor Oncologic Outcomes in Patients with Complications After Gastrectomy. Ann Surg Oncol 2018; 25:2720-2730. [PMID: 29987602 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-018-6638-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative complications (POC) are associated with poor oncologic outcomes in gastric cancer. We sought to evaluate the impact of POC on survival in patients with gastric cancer treated with upfront surgery (UpSurg) versus those treated with preoperative therapy (PreT). METHODS We analyzed data from a prospectively maintained database of patients who had undergone resection of their gastric cancer at our institution. Patients with T1N0 or M1 lesions, recurrent disease, and mortality within 90 days were excluded. Survival was compared between patients with and without POC in the UpSurg and PreT groups. Cox regression analyses were used to examine factors associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS A total of 421 patients underwent resection of gastric cancer: 30% underwent upfront surgery, and 51% had a POC. Among patients who had POCs, 71% were infectious and 53% were Clavien-Dindo grade III or IV. UpSurg patients with a POC had shorter OS (5-year, 47 vs. 85%; p < 0.001) and DFS (5-year, 46 vs. 76%; p < 0.001) than those without a POC. In contrast, there was no difference in OS (5-year, 57 vs. 63%; p = 0.77) and DFS (5-year, 52 vs. 52%; p = 0.52) between PreT patients with and without POC. Multivariable Cox regression model demonstrated that a POC in UpSurg patients had significant impact on DFS (2.6 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.48-4.74]), whereas it did not in PreT patients (0.9 [95% CI 0.70-1.33]). CONCLUSIONS The use of preoperative therapy negated the impact of POCs on OS and DFS in patients undergoing resection for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Vicente
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1484, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Naruhiko Ikoma
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1484, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yi-Ju Chiang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1484, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Keith Fournier
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1484, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ching-Wei D Tzeng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1484, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shumei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul Mansfield
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1484, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jaffer Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brian D Badgwell
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1484, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Arefanian S, Schäll D, Chang S, Ghasemi R, Higashikubo R, Zheleznyak A, Guo Y, Yu J, Asgharian H, Li W, Gelman AE, Kreisel D, French AR, Zaher H, Plougastel-Douglas B, Maggi L, Yokoyama W, Beer-Hammer S, Krupnick AS. Deficiency of the adaptor protein SLy1 results in a natural killer cell ribosomopathy affecting tumor clearance. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1238543. [PMID: 28123874 PMCID: PMC5215235 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1238543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with robust natural killer (NK) cell function incur lower rates of malignancies. To expand our understanding of genetic factors contributing to this phenomenon, we analyzed NK cells from cancer resistant and susceptible strains of mice. We identified a correlation between NK levels of the X-chromosome-located adaptor protein SLy1 and immunologic susceptibility to cancer. Unlike the case for T or B lymphocytes, where SLy1 shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus to facilitate signal transduction, in NK cells SLy1 functions as a ribosomal protein and is located solely in the cytoplasm. In its absence, ribosomal instability results in p53-mediated NK cell senescence and decreased clearance of malignancies. NK defects are reversible under inflammatory conditions and viral clearance is not impacted by SLy1 deficiency. Our work defines a previously unappreciated X-linked ribosomopathy that results in a specific and subtle NK cell dysfunction leading to immunologic susceptibility to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Arefanian
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel Schäll
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Tübingen , Germany
| | - Stephanie Chang
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Reza Ghasemi
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ryuji Higashikubo
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alex Zheleznyak
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yizhan Guo
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jinsheng Yu
- Genome Technology Access Center at Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hosseinali Asgharian
- Program in Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrew E Gelman
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel Kreisel
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anthony R French
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hani Zaher
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Leonard Maggi
- Department of Internal Medicine , St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wayne Yokoyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Howard Hughes Institute of Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sandra Beer-Hammer
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Tübingen , Germany
| | - Alexander S Krupnick
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Alvin Siteman Cancer Center of Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The John Cochran VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
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6
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Ghasemi R, Lazear E, Wang X, Arefanian S, Zheleznyak A, Carreno BM, Higashikubo R, Gelman AE, Kreisel D, Fremont DH, Krupnick AS. Selective targeting of IL-2 to NKG2D bearing cells for improved immunotherapy. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12878. [PMID: 27650575 PMCID: PMC5036003 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite over 20 years of clinical use, IL-2 has not fulfilled expectations as a safe and effective form of tumour immunotherapy. Expression of the high affinity IL-2Rα chain on regulatory T cells mitigates the anti-tumour immune response and its expression on vascular endothelium is responsible for life threatening complications such as diffuse capillary leak and pulmonary oedema. Here we describe the development of a recombinant fusion protein comprised of a cowpox virus encoded NKG2D binding protein (OMCP) and a mutated form of IL-2 with poor affinity for IL-2Rα. This fusion protein (OMCP-mutIL-2) potently and selectively activates IL-2 signalling only on NKG2D-bearing cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells, without broadly activating IL-2Rα-bearing cells. OMCP-mutIL-2 provides superior tumour control in several mouse models of malignancy and is not limited by mouse strain-specific variability of NK function. In addition, OMCP-mutIL-2 lacks the toxicity and vascular complications associated with parental wild-type IL-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ghasemi
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Eric Lazear
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Saeed Arefanian
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Alexander Zheleznyak
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Beatriz M Carreno
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Ryuji Higashikubo
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Andrew E Gelman
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.,Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Daniel Kreisel
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.,Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Daved H Fremont
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.,Department of Molecular Microbiology, and Biochemistry &Molecular Biophysics, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.,The Alvin Siteman Cancer Center of Washington University School of Medicine, 4921 Parkview Place, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Alexander Sasha Krupnick
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.,Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.,The Alvin Siteman Cancer Center of Washington University School of Medicine, 4921 Parkview Place, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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7
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Matsumoto Y, Tsujimoto H, Ono S, Shinomiya N, Miyazaki H, Hiraki S, Takahata R, Yoshida K, Saitoh D, Yamori T, Yamamoto J, Hase K. Abdominal Infection Suppresses the Number and Activity of Intrahepatic Natural Killer Cells and Promotes Tumor Growth in a Murine Liver Metastasis Model. Ann Surg Oncol 2016; 23:257-265. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-015-4466-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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8
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Ge GZ, Xu TR, Chen C. Tobacco carcinogen NNK-induced lung cancer animal models and associated carcinogenic mechanisms. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2015; 47:477-87. [PMID: 26040315 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tobacco usage is a major risk factor in the development, progression, and outcomes for lung cancer. Of the carcinogens associated with lung cancer, tobacco-specific nitrosamines 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is among the most potent ones. The oncogenic mechanisms of NNK are not entirely understood, hindering the development of effective strategies for preventing and treating smoking-associated lung cancers. Here, we introduce the NNK-induced lung cancer animal models in different species and its potential mechanisms. Finally, we summarize several chemopreventive agents developed from these animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Zhe Ge
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Tian-Rui Xu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
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9
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Schilling D, Kühnel A, Tetzlaff F, Konrad S, Multhoff G. NZ28-induced inhibition of HSF1, SP1 and NF-κB triggers the loss of the natural killer cell-activating ligands MICA/B on human tumor cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:599-608. [PMID: 25854583 PMCID: PMC4412431 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-015-1665-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The activity of natural killer (NK) cells is regulated by activating and inhibiting receptors, whereby the C-type lectin natural killer group 2D (NKG2D) receptor serves as the major activating receptor on NK cells which recognizes major histocompatibility class I chain-related proteins A and B (MICA/B). The MICA/B expression has been described to be regulated by the transcription factor heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). Inhibition of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is known to induce the heat shock response via activation of HSF1 which is associated with tumor development, metastasis and therapy resistance and also with an increased susceptibility to NK cell-mediated lysis. Therefore, we compared the effects of Hsp90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922, HSF1 inhibitor NZ28 and HSF1 knockdown on the sensitivity of lung (H1339) and breast (MDA-MB-231, T47D) cancer cells to NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity and the expression of the NKG2D ligands MICA/B. Although NVP-AUY922 activates HSF1, neither the MICA/B surface density on tumor cells nor their susceptibility to NK cell-mediated lysis was affected. A single knockdown of HSF1 by shRNA decreased the surface expression of MICB but not that of MICA, and thereby, the NK cell-mediated lysis was only partially blocked. In contrast, NZ28 completely blocked the MICA/B membrane expression on tumor cells and thereby strongly inhibited the NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. This effect might be explained by a simultaneous inhibition of the transcription factors HSF1, Sp1 and NF-κB by NZ28. These findings suggest that new anticancer therapeutics should be investigated with respect to their effects on the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Schilling
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, TUM, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health – Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Munich, Germany
| | - Annett Kühnel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, TUM, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian Tetzlaff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, TUM, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Konrad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, TUM, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, TUM, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health – Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Munich, Germany
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