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Hassan M, Shahzadi S, Malik A, Din SU, Yasir M, Chun W, Kloczkowski A. Oncomeric Profiles of microRNAs as New Therapeutic Targets for Treatment of Ewing's Sarcoma: A Composite Review. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1849. [PMID: 37895198 PMCID: PMC10606885 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ewing's sarcoma is a rare type of cancer that forms in bones and soft tissues in the body, affecting mostly children and young adults. Current treatments for ES are limited to chemotherapy and/or radiation, followed by surgery. Recently, microRNAs have shown favourable results as latent diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in various cancers. Furthermore, microRNAs have shown to be a good therapeutic agent due to their involvement in the dysregulation of various molecular pathways linked to tumour progression, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. In this review, comprehensive data mining was employed to explore various microRNAs that might have therapeutic potential as target molecules in the treatment of ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubashir Hassan
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA;
| | - Saba Shahzadi
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA;
| | - Amal Malik
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Salah ud Din
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Okara, Okara 56130, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (M.Y.); (W.C.)
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (M.Y.); (W.C.)
| | - Andrzej Kloczkowski
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
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2
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Magara T, Nakamura M, Nojiri Y, Yoshimitsu M, Kano S, Kato H, Morita A. Tumor immune microenvironment of cutaneous angiosarcoma with cancer testis antigens and the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1106434. [PMID: 37081973 PMCID: PMC10112511 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1106434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous angiosarcoma (CAS) is a highly malignant tumor with few effective treatments. Although the indication for immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-PD-1 antibodies is expected to expand, there are many unknowns regarding the tumor immune microenvironment in CAS, which is generally considered an immunologically “cold” tumor. Our previous study demonstrated that tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) were associated with a favorable prognosis in CAS. However, we still don’t know what the difference is between cases of TLS-rich and TLS-poor. Furthermore, the number of TLSs can vary significantly between lesions in the same case, for example, between primary and recurrence. To analyze the changes in the tumor immune microenvironment in CAS in more detail, we performed comprehensive RNA sequencing using a Next-generation sequencer (NGS). Sixty-two samples from 31 cases of CAS treated at Nagoya City University were collected. NGS and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed on 15 samples among them. Immunohistochemistry and prognostic analysis by Kaplan-Meier method were performed on all 62 samples. NGS results showed that NY-ESO-1 (CTAG1B) was significantly upregulated in the TLS-positive cases. Immune checkpoint molecules including programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) were upregulated in TLS-negative or TLS-low cases and seemed to associate with the suppression of TLS formation. In a comparison of primary and recurrent lesions, other cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) including XAGE-1B were significantly upregulated in recurrent lesions. The number of infiltrating CD8-positive cells and TLSs showed no significant trend between primary and recurrent lesions. However, the PD-L1 expression of tumor cells was significantly lower in recurrent than in primary lesions. Chemokines correlated with NY-ESO-1 expression were CCL21 and CXCL8, and only CCL21 correlated with the number of TLS. There was no chemokine associated with XAGE-1. NY-ESO-1 and XAGE-1 are detectable by immunohistochemistry. Although each cannot be a prognostic marker by itself, they can be a helpful marker in combination with the number of TLSs. CTAs play an essential role in forming the tumor immune microenvironment in CAS. These findings are evidence that CAS is an immunologically “hot” tumor and provides us with potential therapeutic targets and encourages the expansion of immunotherapy indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Magara
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Motoki Nakamura
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuka Nojiri
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Maki Yoshimitsu
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Kano
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kato
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akimichi Morita
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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3
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Regulation of Metastasis in Ewing Sarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194902. [PMID: 36230825 PMCID: PMC9563756 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma (EwS) is a type of bone and soft tissue tumor in children and adolescents. Over 85% of cases are caused by the expression of fusion protein EWSR1-FLI1 generated by chromosome translocation. Acting as a potent chimeric oncoprotein, EWSR1-FLI1 binds to chromatin, changes the epigenetic states, and thus alters the expression of a large set of genes. Several studies have revealed that the expression level of EWSR1-FLI1 is variable and dynamic within and across different EwS cell lines and primary tumors, leading to tumoral heterogeneity. Cells with high EWSR1-FLI1 expression (EWSR1-FLI1-high) proliferate in an exponential manner, whereas cells with low EWSR1-FLI1 expression (EWSR1-FLI1-low) tend to have a strong propensity to migrate, invade, and metastasize. Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The continuous evolution of EwS research has revealed some of the molecular underpinnings of this dissemination process. In this review, we discuss the molecular signatures that contribute to metastasis.
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4
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C-C Chemokine Receptor 7 in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040656. [PMID: 35203305 PMCID: PMC8870371 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
C-C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) was one of the first two chemokine receptors that were found to be upregulated in breast cancers. Chemokine receptors promote chemotaxis of cells and tissue organization. Since under homeostatic conditions, CCR7 promotes migration of immune cells to lymph nodes, questions immediately arose regarding the ability of CCR7 to direct migration of cancer cells to lymph nodes. The literature since 2000 was examined to determine to what extent the expression of CCR7 in malignant tumors promoted migration to the lymph nodes. The data indicated that in different cancers, CCR7 plays distinct roles in directing cells to lymph nodes, the skin or to the central nervous system. In certain tumors, it may even serve a protective role. Future studies should focus on defining mechanisms that differentially regulate the unfavorable or beneficial role that CCR7 plays in cancer pathophysiology, to be able to improve outcomes in patients who harbor CCR7-positive cancers.
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McEachron TA, Helman LJ. Recent Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5783-5799. [PMID: 34561271 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, the field of pediatric cancer has experienced a shift in momentum, and this has led to new and exciting findings that have relevance beyond pediatric malignancies. Here we present the current status of key aspects of pediatric cancer research. We have focused on genetic and epigenetic drivers of disease, cellular origins of different pediatric cancers, disease models, the tumor microenvironment, and cellular immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lee J Helman
- Osteosarcoma Institute, Dallas, Texas
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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Lam SW, Briaire-de Bruijn IH, van Wezel T, Cleven AHG, Hogendoorn PCW, Cleton-Jansen AM, Bovée JVMG. NTRK fusions are extremely rare in bone tumours. Histopathology 2021; 79:880-885. [PMID: 34148257 PMCID: PMC8596806 DOI: 10.1111/his.14432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aims Because of the efficacy of tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) inhibitor therapy in tumours with rearrangements of the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor genes (NRTK genes), there has been a surge in demand for NTRK fusion screening. To date, most studies involving mesenchymal tumours have focused on soft tissue tumours, and data on bone tumours are sparse. Hence, we aimed to explore the frequency of NTRK fusions in a large series of primary bone tumours. Methods and results Immunohistochemical expression of pan‐Trk was successfully assessed in 354 primary bone tumours by the use of tissue microarrays. In a selection of positive cases, additional molecular analysis for NTRK fusions was performed with anchored multiplex polymerase chain reaction‐based targeted next‐generation sequencing. Positivity was found in 19 cases (5%), which comprised Ewing sarcoma (n = 6, 33%), osteosarcoma (n = 11, 13%), and giant‐cell tumour of bone (n = 2, 3%). In all except one case, cytoplasmic staining was observed. Weak staining was most often observed (n = 13), although five cases showed moderate staining and one case showed focal strong staining. Molecular analysis was successful in six cases, all of which were negative for NTRK fusions. Conclusion The likelihood of finding an NTRK fusion in bone tumours in clinical practice is extremely low. This may imply that, if more comprehensive large‐scale molecular studies confirm this, routine predictive NTRK testing in bone tumour patients with advanced disease may be reconsidered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Wai Lam
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tom van Wezel
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen H G Cleven
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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7
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Lam SW, Kostine M, de Miranda NFCC, Schöffski P, Lee CJ, Morreau H, Bovée JVMG. Mismatch repair deficiency is rare in bone and soft tissue tumors. Histopathology 2021; 79:509-520. [PMID: 33825202 PMCID: PMC8518745 DOI: 10.1111/his.14377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction There has been an increased demand for mismatch repair (MMR) status testing in sarcoma patients after the success of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) in MMR deficient tumors. However, data on MMR deficiency in bone and soft tissue tumors is sparse, rendering it unclear if routine screening should be applied. Hence, we aimed to study the frequency of MMR deficiency in bone and soft tissue tumors after we were prompted by two (potential) Lynch syndrome patients developing sarcomas. Methods Immunohistochemical expression of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6 was assessed on tissue micro arrays (TMAs), and included 353 bone and 539 soft tissue tumors. Molecular data was either retrieved from reports or microsatellite instability (MSI) analysis was performed. In MLH1 negative cases, additional MLH1 promoter hypermethylation analysis followed. Furthermore, a systematic literature review on MMR deficiency in bone and soft tissue tumors was conducted. Results Eight MMR deficient tumors were identified (1%), which included four leiomyosarcoma, two rhabdomyosarcoma, one malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor and one radiation‐associated sarcoma. Three patients were suspected for Lynch syndrome. Literature review revealed 30 MMR deficient sarcomas, of which 33% were undifferentiated/unclassifiable sarcomas. 57% of the patients were genetically predisposed. Conclusion MMR deficiency is rare in bone and soft tissue tumors. Screening focusing on tumors with myogenic differentiation, undifferentiated/unclassifiable sarcomas and in patients with a genetic predisposition / co‐occurrence of other malignancies can be helpful in identifying patients potentially eligible for ICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Wai Lam
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marie Kostine
- Department of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Patrick Schöffski
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Che-Jui Lee
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Morreau
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Mechanisms of Resistance to NK Cell Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040893. [PMID: 32272610 PMCID: PMC7226138 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has recently been a major breakthrough in cancer treatment. Natural killer (NK) cells are suitable targets for immunotherapy owing to their potent cytotoxic activity that may target cancer cells in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and antigen-unrestricted manner. Current therapies targeting NK cells include monoclonal antibodies that promote NK cell antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), the adoptive transfer of NK cells, the redirection of NK cells using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-NK cells and the use of cytokines and immunostimulatory drugs to boost the anti-tumor activity of NK cells. Despite some encouraging clinical results, patients receiving these therapies frequently develop resistance, and a myriad of mechanisms of resistance affecting both the immune system and cancer cells have been reported. A first contributing factor that modulates the efficacy of the NK cell therapy is the genetic profile of the individual, which regulates all aspects of NK cell biology. Additionally, the resistance of cancer cells to apoptosis and the immunoediting of cancer cells, a process that decreases their immunogenicity and promotes immunosuppression, are major determinants of the resistance to NK cell therapy. Consequently, the efficacy of NK cell anti-tumor therapy is specific to each patient and disease. The elucidation of such immunosubversive mechanisms is crucial to developing new procedures and therapeutic strategies to fully harness the anti-tumor potential of NK cells.
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9
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Precision medicine in Ewing sarcoma: a translational point of view. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 22:1440-1454. [PMID: 32026343 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02298-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma is a rare tumor that arises in bones of children and teenagers but, in 15% of the patients it is presented as a primary soft tissue tumor. Balanced reciprocal chimeric translocation t(11;22)(q24;q12), which encodes an oncogenic protein fusion (EWSR1/FLI1), is the most generalized and characteristic molecular event. Using conventional treatments, (chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy) long-term overall survival rate is 30% for patients with disseminated disease and 65-75% for patients with localized tumors. Urgent new effective drug development is a challenge. This review summarizes the preclinical and clinical investigational knowledge about prognostic and targetable biomarkers in Ewing sarcoma, finally suggesting a workflow for precision medicine committees.
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Jing L, Xia F, Du X, Jiang B, Chen Y, Li X. Identification of key candidate genes and pathways in follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma by integrated bioinformatical analysis. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:477-490. [PMID: 35117392 PMCID: PMC8798093 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2019.11.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) is a heterogeneous group of tumors that differ morphologically, genetically, and clinically. This study aimed to investigate the gene mutation and gene expression profiles, especially the pathways in the interaction network and the diagnostic approaches of candidate markers of FVPTC. METHODS The clinicopathological characteristics, gene mutation types, and mRNA expression profiles of patients with FVPTC were studied utilizing the data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and functional enrichment analysis was applied. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to identify hub genes and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate candidate gene diagnostic values. RESULTS RAS and BRAF mutations were the predominant mutation types in FVPTC. FVPTC was significantly correlated with the absence of extrathyroidal extension, lower N stage, and the low occurrence rate of BRAF mutation compared to classical PTC. Two thousand three hundred and forty-two FVPTC-related differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) and 420 FVPTC-specific DEGs were identified in this study. Function enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were involved in some pathways in cancer, including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathways. The PPI network was constructed from 420 FVPTC-specific DEGs, and a sub-network, including 12 genes and 10 hub genes, was verified. CONCLUSIONS FVPTC was identified significantly relevant to remarkable alterations of gene mutation, DEGs, related pathways and the diagnostic performance of hub genes. Our study might provide further insights into the investigation of the tumorigenesis mechanism of FVPTC and assist in the discovery of new candidate diagnostic markers for FVPTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanyu Jing
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Fada Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xinying Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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Zhu M, Xu W, Wei C, Huang J, Xu J, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Chen J, Dong S, Liu B, Liang C. CCL14 serves as a novel prognostic factor and tumor suppressor of HCC by modulating cell cycle and promoting apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:796. [PMID: 31641099 PMCID: PMC6805940 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1966-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
CCL14 is a member of CC chemokines and its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unknown. In this study, CCL14 expression were analyzed by tissue microarray (TMA) including 171 paired tumor and peritumor tissues of patients from Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University. We found for the first time that CCL14 was downregulated in HCC tumor tissues compared with peritumor tissues (P = 0.01). Meanwhile, CCL14 low expression in HCC tumor tissues is associated with a poor prognosis (P = 0.035). CCL14 also displayed its predictive value in high differentiation (P = 0.026), liver cirrhosis (P = 0.003), and no tumor capsule (P = 0.024) subgroups. The underlying mechanisms were further investigated in HCC cell lines by CCL14 overexpression and knock-down in vitro. We found overexpression of CCL14 suppressed proliferation and promoted apoptosis of HCC cells. Finally, the effect was confirmed by animal xenograft tumor models in vivo. The results shown overexpression of CCL14 lead to inhibiting the growth of tumor in nude mice. Interestingly, our data also implied that CCL14 played these effects by inhibiting the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These findings suggest CCL14 is a novel prognostic factor of HCC and serve as a tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxuan Zhu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Weiyue Xu
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Chuanyuan Wei
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jietian Xu
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuye Zhang
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Dong
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Binbin Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Chunmin Liang
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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Danieau G, Morice S, Rédini F, Verrecchia F, Royer BBL. New Insights about the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Primary Bone Tumors and Their Microenvironment: A Promising Target to Develop Therapeutic Strategies? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153751. [PMID: 31370265 PMCID: PMC6696068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma are the most common malignant primary bone tumors mainly occurring in children, adolescents and young adults. Current standard therapy includes multidrug chemotherapy and/or radiation specifically for Ewing sarcoma, associated with tumor resection. However, patient survival has not evolved for the past decade and remains closely related to the response of tumor cells to chemotherapy, reaching around 75% at 5 years for patients with localized forms of osteosarcoma or Ewing sarcoma but less than 30% in metastatic diseases and patients resistant to initial chemotherapy. Despite Ewing sarcoma being characterized by specific EWSR1-ETS gene fusions resulting in oncogenic transcription factors, currently, no targeted therapy could be implemented. It seems even more difficult to develop a targeted therapeutic strategy in osteosarcoma which is characterized by high complexity and heterogeneity in genomic alterations. Nevertheless, the common point between these different bone tumors is their ability to deregulate bone homeostasis and remodeling and divert them to their benefit. Therefore, targeting different actors of the bone tumor microenvironment has been hypothesized to develop new therapeutic strategies. In this context, it is well known that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a key role in cancer development, including osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma as well as in bone remodeling. Moreover, recent studies highlight the implication of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in angiogenesis and immuno-surveillance, two key mechanisms involved in metastatic dissemination. This review focuses on the role played by this signaling pathway in the development of primary bone tumors and the modulation of their specific microenvironment.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Bone Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Bone Neoplasms/genetics
- Bone Neoplasms/immunology
- Bone Neoplasms/mortality
- Bone and Bones
- Child
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/immunology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/mortality
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/prevention & control
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/antagonists & inhibitors
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/immunology
- Osteosarcoma/drug therapy
- Osteosarcoma/genetics
- Osteosarcoma/immunology
- Osteosarcoma/mortality
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets/immunology
- RNA-Binding Protein EWS/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA-Binding Protein EWS/genetics
- RNA-Binding Protein EWS/immunology
- Sarcoma, Ewing/drug therapy
- Sarcoma, Ewing/genetics
- Sarcoma, Ewing/immunology
- Sarcoma, Ewing/mortality
- Survival Analysis
- Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
- Wnt Signaling Pathway/drug effects
- Young Adult
- beta Catenin/antagonists & inhibitors
- beta Catenin/genetics
- beta Catenin/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffroy Danieau
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, 44035 Nantes, France
| | - Sarah Morice
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, 44035 Nantes, France
| | - Françoise Rédini
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, 44035 Nantes, France
| | - Franck Verrecchia
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, 44035 Nantes, France
| | - Bénédicte Brounais-Le Royer
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, 44035 Nantes, France.
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Parodi M, Raggi F, Cangelosi D, Manzini C, Balsamo M, Blengio F, Eva A, Varesio L, Pietra G, Moretta L, Mingari MC, Vitale M, Bosco MC. Hypoxia Modifies the Transcriptome of Human NK Cells, Modulates Their Immunoregulatory Profile, and Influences NK Cell Subset Migration. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2358. [PMID: 30459756 PMCID: PMC6232835 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, which characterizes most tumor tissues, can alter the function of different immune cell types, favoring tumor escape mechanisms. In this study, we show that hypoxia profoundly acts on NK cells by influencing their transcriptome, affecting their immunoregulatory functions, and changing the chemotactic responses of different NK cell subsets. Exposure of human peripheral blood NK cells to hypoxia for 16 or 96 h caused significant changes in the expression of 729 or 1,100 genes, respectively. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis demonstrated that these changes followed a consensus hypoxia transcriptional profile. As assessed by Gene Ontology annotation, hypoxia-targeted genes were implicated in several biological processes: metabolism, cell cycle, differentiation, apoptosis, cell stress, and cytoskeleton organization. The hypoxic transcriptome also showed changes in genes with immunological relevance including those coding for proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and chemokine-receptors. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis confirmed the modulation of several immune-related genes, prompting further immunophenotypic and functional studies. Multiplex ELISA demonstrated that hypoxia could variably reduce NK cell ability to release IFNγ, TNFα, GM-CSF, CCL3, and CCL5 following PMA+Ionomycin or IL15+IL18 stimulation, while it poorly affected the response to IL12+IL18. Cytofluorimetric analysis showed that hypoxia could influence NK chemokine receptor pattern by sustaining the expression of CCR7 and CXCR4. Remarkably, this effect occurred selectively (CCR7) or preferentially (CXCR4) on CD56bright NK cells, which indeed showed higher chemotaxis to CCL19, CCL21, or CXCL12. Collectively, our data suggest that the hypoxic environment may profoundly influence the nature of the NK cell infiltrate and its effects on immune-mediated responses within tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Parodi
- UOC Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Raggi
- Laboratorio di Biologia Molecolare, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Davide Cangelosi
- Laboratorio di Biologia Molecolare, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Claudia Manzini
- Laboratorio di Immunologia Clinica e Sperimentale, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Mirna Balsamo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Fabiola Blengio
- Laboratorio di Biologia Molecolare, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Eva
- Laboratorio di Biologia Molecolare, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi Varesio
- Laboratorio di Biologia Molecolare, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pietra
- UOC Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Immunology Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambin Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mingari
- UOC Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy.,Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Massimo Vitale
- UOC Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Bosco
- Laboratorio di Biologia Molecolare, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
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