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Huang X, Wang Q, Nan Y, Zhang X, Xu K, Ju D, Ding W. Targeting CD47 and Angiogenesis Demonstrates Effective Anti-Tumor Effect in Bladder Cancer. Biomedicines 2024; 12:2152. [PMID: 39335665 PMCID: PMC11430664 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12092152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Although immunotherapy has shown potential in cancer treatment, current immunotherapeutics for bladder cancer are limited by a low response rate. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate other suitable immunotherapeutic targets and strategies for bladder cancer. Methods: To evaluate whether CD47 could be a suitable target for bladder cancer immunotherapy, CD47 protein expression levels in 116 bladder cancer tissue samples were assessed by IHC staining. In vitro anti-tumor effect of blocking CD47 was examined by phagocytosis assays. In vivo anti-tumor effects of targeting CD47 and angiogenesis were experimented in the HSPCs-CDX model. Results: We find that CD47 is highly expressed in bladder cancer samples and is associated with poor prognosis. Blocking CD47 could enhance the human PBMC-derived macrophages' phagocytosis of T24 (from 10.40% to 29.70%) and 5637 (from 5.31% to 33.52%) human bladder cancer cells, as well as demonstrate anti-tumor effects in the HSPCs-CDX model (tumor growth inhibition rate, TGI: 33.05%). During CD47 treatment, we observed that the level of angiogenesis increased after CD47 blockade, and it might undermine the effect of CD47 immunotherapy. We then combined CD47 blockade with anti-angiogenic drugs to treat bladder cancer and discovered that inhibiting angiogenesis could further improve the anti-tumor effect of CD47 blockade (TGI: 76.39%). Finally, we tested the anti-tumor effect of co-targeting CD47 and angiogenesis using a bispecific fusion protein, SIRPα-VEGFR1, which successfully inhibited tumor growth to a similar extent as a combination therapy. Conclusions: Our study suggests that targeting CD47 could inhibit the growth of bladder cancer by promoting macrophage-mediated anti-tumor immunity. Moreover, blocking CD47 and angiogenesis could achieve a potent anti-tumor effect and could be an effective immunotherapy strategy for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiting Huang
- Department of Biological Medicines and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Biological Medicines and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yanyang Nan
- Department of Biological Medicines and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuyao Zhang
- Department of Biological Medicines and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Central Urumqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Department of Biological Medicines and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weihong Ding
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Central Urumqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
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2
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Lv Y, Zhao H, Liu S, Meng Y, Yu W, Liu T, Sun Q, Shen M, Ren X, Liu L. Anlotinib and anti-PD-1 mAbs perfected CIK cell therapy for lung adenocarcinoma in preclinical trials. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 116:544-554. [PMID: 38373017 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Murine cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are heterologous cells that kill various allogeneic and isogenic tumors and have functional and phenotypic characteristics of natural killer cells and T lymphocytes. However, the effect of CIK cells alone on solid tumor therapy is only limited. To enhance the therapeutic effect, it is vital to discover a mix of several therapy approaches. Immune cell function is inhibited by abnormal tumor vessels and the tumor microenvironment, which block lymphocyte entry into tumor tissue. To increase the effectiveness of CIK cells' antitumor activity, antivascular therapy and CIK cell therapy can be combined. Furthermore, anlotinib is a tiny drug with multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors that can block cell migration, delay angiogenesis, and decrease blood vessel density. Compared with other antiangiogenesis drugs, anlotinib stands out due to the wider target of action and lower effective dose. In this work, anlotinib and murine CIK cells were coupled to boost CD3+ T cell infiltration, CD3+CD4+ T cell infiltration, and expression of granzyme B and interferon γ from CD3+CD8+ T cells, which increased the antitumor activity. Through the generation of cytotoxic cytokines by T lymphocytes, the therapeutic group using anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies in conjunction with anlotinib and CIK cells was more successful than the group receiving dual therapy. The preclinical study contributes to exploring the therapeutic alternatives for patients with lung adenocarcinoma, thus prolonging their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingge Lv
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Yuexin Road, Binhai New District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Shaochuan Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Wenwen Yu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Yuexin Road, Binhai New District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Meng Shen
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xiubao Ren
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Yuexin Road, Binhai New District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
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Bharadwaj D, Mandal M. Tumor microenvironment: A playground for cells from multiple diverse origins. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189158. [PMID: 39032537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment is formed by various cellular and non-cellular components which interact with one another and form a complex network of interactions. Some of these cellular components also attain a secretory phenotype and release growth factors, cytokines, chemokines etc. in the surroundings which are capable of inducing even greater number of signalling networks. All these interactions play a decisive role in determining the course of tumorigenesis. The treatment strategies against cancer also exert their impact on the local microenvironment. Such interactions and anticancer therapies have been found to induce more deleterious outcomes like immunosuppression and chemoresistance in the process of tumor progression. Hence, understanding the tumor microenvironment is crucial for dealing with cancer and chemoresistance. This review is an attempt to develop some understanding about the tumor microenvironment and different factors which modulate it, thereby contributing to tumorigenesis. Along with summarising the major components of tumor microenvironment and various interactions taking place between them, it also throws some light on how the existing and potential therapies exert their impact on these dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deblina Bharadwaj
- Department of Biotechnology, KIT-Kalaignarkarunanidhi Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
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Zhang J, Lv PY, Zhao X, Liu ML, Qiu LP, Yang ZZ, Sun SJ, Zhang GQ. Real-world effectiveness and safety of recombinant human endostatin plus PD-1 inhibitors and chemotherapy as first-line treatment for EGFR/ALK-negative, advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:967. [PMID: 39112947 PMCID: PMC11308715 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of recombinant human endostatin (Rh-endostatin) plus programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors and chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a real-world setting. METHODS This was a retrospective study on patients with EGFR/ALK-negative, advanced or metastatic NSCLC. Patients received Rh-endostatin plus PD-1 inhibitors and chemotherapy every three weeks for 4 to 6 cycles. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), and safety. RESULTS A total of 68 patients were included in this retrospective analysis. As of data cutoff (December 13, 2022), the median follow-up of 21.4 months (interquartile range [IQR], 8.3-44.4 months). The median PFS and OS was 22.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.6-27.4) and 31.0 months (95% CI: 23.4-not evaluable [NE]), respectively. The ORR was 72.06% (95% CI: 59.85-82.27%), and DCR was 95.59% (95% CI: 87.64-99.08%). Patients with stage IIIB/IIIC NSCLC had significantly longer median PFS (23.4 vs. 13.2 months), longer median OS (not reached vs. 18.0 months), and higher ORR (89.2% vs. 51.6%) than those with stage IV NSCLC (all p ≤ 0.001). The ORR was higher in patients with high PD-L1 expression (tumor proportion score [TPS] ≥ 50%) than in those with low PD-L1 expression or positive PD-L1 expression (75% vs. 50%, p = 0.025). All patients experienced treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), and ≥ grade 3 TRAEs occurred in 16 (23.53%) patients. CONCLUSIONS Rh-endostatin combined with PD-1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment yielded favorable effectiveness with a manageable profile in patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC, representing a promising treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Yuan Lv
- The School of Basic Medicine of Air Force Medical University, Xian, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 8, Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Ming-Lu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Peng Qiu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Zhong Yang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sheng-Jie Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 8, Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Guo-Qing Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 8, Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
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5
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Jiang J, Wu B, Sun Y, Xiang J, Shen C, He X, Ying H, Xia Z. Anlotinib reversed resistance to PD-1 inhibitors in recurrent and metastatic head and neck cancers: a real-world retrospective study. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:199. [PMID: 39105897 PMCID: PMC11303650 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03784-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancers (R/M HNCs) are prone to developing resistance after immunotherapy. This retrospective real-world study aims to investigate whether the addition of anlotinib can reverse resistance to PD-1 inhibitors (PD-1i) and evaluate the efficacy and safety of this combination in R/M HNCs. Main outcomes included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), duration of response (DOR), and safety. Potential biomarkers included PD-L1 expression, lipid index, and genomic profiling. Twenty-one patients with R/M HNCs were included, including 11 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), five head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), three salivary gland cancers (SGC), and two nasal cavity or paranasal sinus cancers (NC/PNC). Among all patients, ORR was 47.6% (95% CI: 28.6-66.7), with 2 (9.5%) complete response; DCR was 100%. At the median follow-up of 17.1 months, the median PFS and OS were 14.3 months (95% CI: 5.9-NR) and 16.7 months (95% CI:8.4-NR), respectively. The median DOR was 11.2 months (95% CI: 10.1-NR). As per different diseases, the ORR was 45.5% for NPC, 60.0% for HNSCC, 66.7% for SGC, and 50.0% for NC/PNC. Most treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were grade 1 or 2 (88.9%). The most common grades 3-4 TRAE was hypertension (28.6%), and two treatment-related deaths occurred due to bleeding. Therefore, adding anlotinib to the original PD-1i could reverse PD-1 blockade resistance, with a favorable response rate, prolonged survival, and acceptable toxicity, indicating the potential as a second-line and subsequent therapy choice in R/M HNCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyun Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ying Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jun Xiang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chunying Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiayun He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hongmei Ying
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zuguang Xia
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Yu J, Yan D, Wei S, Yang L, Yi P. Efficacy and safety of TACE combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and camrelizumab for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:401. [PMID: 38979553 PMCID: PMC11228926 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and camrelizumab (collectively: T-T-C) is a novel treatment strategy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of T-T-C compared with TACE combined with TKIs only (T-T) in the treatment of patients with unresectable HCC. A systematic literature search was conducted on T-T and T-T-C using PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library. Data regarding the clinical outcome, including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), tumor response and adverse events (AEs), were independently extracted and analyzed by two researchers using standardized protocols. In total, 7 cohort studies, including 1,798 patients (T-T-C, 838; T-T, 960), were included in the meta-analysis. The results of the present study demonstrated that the T-T-C group had significantly prolonged OS [hazard ratio (HR), 0.38; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.29-0.50; I2=61.5%; P=0.016)] and PFS (HR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.30-0.46; I2=44.5%; P=0.109), and showed significantly higher objective response rates [risk ratio (RR), 0.82; 95% CI, 0.69-0.96; I2=25.1%; P=0.237)] and slightly higher disease control rates without a significant difference (RR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.89-1.03; I2=0.0%; P=0.969). In addition, grade 3/4 AEs were more common in the T-T group, including hypertension (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.85-1.56), vomiting or nausea (RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.44-1.76) and pain (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.45-1.21); however, these results were not statistically significant. In conclusion, compared with T-T combination therapy, T-T-C demonstrated a notable advantage in terms of OS, PFS, ORR and DCR in patients with unresectable HCC. For manageable AEs, although the results were not statistically significant, the incidence of AEs in the T-T group was higher than that in the T-T-C group in terms of event probability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Yu
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas II, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Duan Yan
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas II, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Song Wei
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas II, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Linfeng Yang
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas II, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Pengsheng Yi
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas II, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
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7
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Jasim SA, Farber IM, Noraldeen SAM, Bansal P, Alsaab HO, Abdullaev B, Alkhafaji AT, Alawadi AH, Hamzah HF, Mohammed BA. Incorporation of immunotherapies and nanomedicine to better normalize angiogenesis-based cancer treatment. Microvasc Res 2024; 154:104691. [PMID: 38703993 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2024.104691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant targeting of tumor angiogenesis has been developed and approved for the treatment of malignant tumors. However, vascular disruption leads to tumor hypoxia, which exacerbates the treatment process and causes drug resistance. In addition, successful delivery of therapeutic agents and efficacy of radiotherapy require normal vascular networks and sufficient oxygen, which complete tumor vasculopathy hinders their efficacy. In view of this controversy, an optimal dose of FDA-approved anti-angiogenic agents and combination with other therapies, such as immunotherapy and the use of nanocarrier-mediated targeted therapy, could improve therapeutic regimens, reduce the need for administration of high doses of chemotherapeutic agents and subsequently reduce side effects. Here, we review the mechanism of anti-angiogenic agents, highlight the challenges of existing therapies, and present how the combination of immunotherapies and nanomedicine could improve angiogenesis-based tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irina M Farber
- Department of children's diseases of the F. Filatov clinical institute of children's health, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of Health of Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Pooja Bansal
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560069, India; Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Hashem O Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bekhzod Abdullaev
- Research Department of Biotechnology, New Uzbekistan University, Mustaqillik Avenue 54, Tashkent 100007, Uzbekistan; Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Central Asian University, Milliy Bog Street 264, Tashkent 111221, Uzbekistan..
| | | | - Ahmed Hussien Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Qadisiyyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Hamza Fadhel Hamzah
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
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8
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Wang H, Gao C, Li X, Chen F, Li G. Camptothecin enhances the anti-tumor effect of low-dose apatinib combined with PD-1 inhibitor on hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7140. [PMID: 38532022 PMCID: PMC10966085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57874-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Apatinib has been shown to apply to a variety of solid tumors, including advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Preclinical and preliminary clinical results confirmed the synergistic antitumor effects of apatinib in combination with anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors. In this study, we investigated camptothecin (CPT) enhances the anti-tumor effect of low-dose apatinib combined with PD-1 inhibitor on hepatocellular carcinoma. CPT combined with a PD-1 inhibitor enhances the anti-tumor effects of low-dose apatinib in hepatocellular carcinoma which was evaluated in making use of the H22 mouse model (n = 32), which was divided into four groups. Immunohistochemical staining and western blotting were used to detect nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) as well as sequestosome 1 (p62), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), PD-1, and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). The results showed that the average size of the tumor of the combination group (Group D) was significantly less than that of the apatinib + PD-1 inhibitor group (Group C). The expression levels of Nrf2, p62, VEGFA, VEGFR2, PD-1, and PD-L1 in the apatinib + PD-1 inhibitor group(Group C) were lower than those in the control group (Group A) (P < 0.05). The expression levels of these genes in the apatinib + PD-1 inhibitor group (Group C) were significantly lower in the combination group (Group D) (P < 0.05). There was no obvious difference in body weight and liver and kidney functions between the four groups of mice. In conclusion, CPT improves the anti-tumor effect of low-dose apatinib combined with PD-1 inhibitor on hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hankang Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Congcong Gao
- Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guijie Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Maggiorani D, Le O, Lisi V, Landais S, Moquin-Beaudry G, Lavallée VP, Decaluwe H, Beauséjour C. Senescence drives immunotherapy resistance by inducing an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2435. [PMID: 38499573 PMCID: PMC10948808 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46769-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) may be limited in situations where immune cell fitness is impaired. Here, we show that the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies is compromised by the accumulation of senescent cells in mice and in the context of therapy-induced senescence (TIS). Resistance to immunotherapy is associated with a decrease in the accumulation and activation of CD8 T cells within tumors. Elimination of senescent cells restores immune homeostasis within the tumor micro-environment (TME) and increases mice survival in response to immunotherapy. Using single-cell transcriptomic analysis, we observe that the injection of ABT263 (Navitoclax) reverses the exacerbated immunosuppressive profile of myeloid cells in the TME. Elimination of these myeloid cells also restores CD8 T cell proliferation in vitro and abrogates immunotherapy resistance in vivo. Overall, our study suggests that the use of senolytic drugs before ICI may constitute a pharmacological approach to improve the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Maggiorani
- Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de pharmacologie et physiologie (Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Oanh Le
- Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Véronique Lisi
- Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Vincent Philippe Lavallée
- Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de pédiatrie (Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hélène Decaluwe
- Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de pédiatrie (Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de microbiologie, immunologie et infectiologie (Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Christian Beauséjour
- Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Département de pharmacologie et physiologie (Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Duan X, Liu X, Chen R, Pu Y. Effectiveness of PD1/PD-L1 combined with anti-angiogenic drugs in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 29:7. [PMID: 38524742 PMCID: PMC10956568 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_166_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Background Protein-1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy have become an important treatment approach for patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but primary or secondary resistance remains a challenge for some patients. PD-1/PD-L1 combined with anti-angiogenic drugs (AAs) in NSCLC patients have potential synergistic effects, and the survival benefit may vary based on a treatment order. To investigate the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 combined with AAs as the treatment for patients with advanced NSCLC. Materials and Methods We comprehensively searched EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases from January 2017 to September 2022. The Cochrane risk bias tool evaluated the quality of included randomized clinical trials. Newcastle-Ottawa-Scale score was used to evaluate the quality of retrospective studies. Publication bias was evaluated by funnel plot, Begg's test, and Egger's test. Results Seventeen articles were finally selected, involving 5182 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that PD1/PD-L1 combined with AAs therapy significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50-0.75, P < 0.00001), overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.71-0.88, P < 0.00001), and objective response rate (ORR) (risk ratio = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.81-0.96, P = 0.004), with the statistically significant difference. The sensitivity analysis demonstrated the robustness of the PFS, ORR, and OS. Conclusion The combination of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with AAs in treating advanced patients has exhibited notable therapeutic advantages when contrasted with monotherapy. Specifically, the administration of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in conjunction with AAs, or sequential treatment involving PD-1/PD-L1 followed by AAs, has shown enhanced therapeutic efficacy in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Duan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Ruixiang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Yunnan Third People’s Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanjiao Pu
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
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11
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Geng ZH, Du JX, Chen YD, Fu PY, Zhou PH, Qin WZ, Luo YH. YY1: a key regulator inhibits gastric cancer ferroptosis and mediating apatinib-resistance. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:71. [PMID: 38347631 PMCID: PMC10863212 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gastric cancer (GC) stands as a prevalent and deadly global malignancy. Despite its role as a preoperative neoadjuvant therapy, Apatinib's effectiveness is curtailed among GC patients exhibiting elevated YY1 expression. YY1's connection to adverse prognosis, drug resistance, and GC metastasis is established, yet the precise underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study aims to unravel potential pathogenic pathways attributed to YY1. DESIGN Utilizing bioinformatics analysis, we conducted differentially expressed genes, functional annotation, and pathway enrichment analyses, and further validation through cellular and animal experiments. RESULTS Higher YY1 expression correlated with diminished postoperative progression-free survival (PFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) rates in TCGA analysis, identifying YY1 as an independent DSS indicator in gastric cancer (GC) patients. Notably, YY1 exhibited significantly elevated expression in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. Bioinformatics analysis revealed noteworthy differentially expressed genes (DEGs), transcriptional targets, factors, and co-expressed genes associated with YY1. LASSO Cox analysis unveiled Transferrin as a prospective pivotal protein regulated by YY1, with heightened expression linked to adverse DSS and PFS outcomes. YY1's role in governing the p53 signaling pathway and ferroptosis in GC cells was further elucidated. Moreover, YY1 overexpression dampened immune cell infiltration within GC tumors. Additionally, YY1 overexpression hindered GC cell ferroptosis and mediated Apatinib resistance via the p53 pathway. Remarkably, IFN-a demonstrated efficacy in reversing Apatinib resistance and immune suppression in GC tissues. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underscore the pivotal role of YY1 in driving GC progression and influencing prognosis, thus pinpointing it as a promising therapeutic target to enhance patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Han Geng
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Xian Du
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Da Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (Xiamen Branch), 361004, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Pei-Yao Fu
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping-Hong Zhou
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wen-Zheng Qin
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yi-Hong Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Ahmed H, Ilias M. Colorectal Cancer in Correlation With Clinicopathological Variables: The Effects of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alfa or the InterLeukin-33 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor? Cureus 2024; 16:e51658. [PMID: 38313904 PMCID: PMC10838115 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is believed to control angiogenesis and metabolism by upregulating hypoxia-induced genes, such as the interLeukin-33 (IL-33) gene and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene. The study aimed to study the HIF-1α and its two hypoxia pathway genes; IL-33 and VEGF, together with the angiogenesis and correlate them with some prognostic clinicopathological features, separately and in combination to assess their dependency. Methodology This study included 87 colorectal cancer (CRC) cases, diagnosed between January 2019 and December 2022. Different prognostic clinicopathological features were examined and tissue microarray (TMA) slides were designed to carry out IHC for IL-33 and VEGF scoring in tumor cells, in addition to qualitative interpretation of VEGF expression in tumor vessels. Molecular analysis was performed for HIF-1α and all data were correlated to the clinicopathological features, separately and collectively, to assess the dependency of these factors. Results No statistical correlation could be seen among the IL-33, VEGF, and prognostic clinicopathological features. Whereas analysis of the HIF-1α alone showed significantly high mean expression in patients with distance metastasis and was increased with the increased involvement of the lymph nodes (LNs). However, when the HIF 1-α expression was correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics on the bases of VEGF and IL-33 expressions the significant association with metastasis disappeared in tumor cells and appeared only with the endothelium of the tumor angiogenesis. Moreover, the results conflicted with the LNs involvement. Conclusions These findings may suggest a role of HIF 1-α in the downstream regulation of biomarkers other than the VEGF and IL-33, which needs to uncover pathways and novel factors regulated by the HIF 1-α for the proinflammation and angiogenesis in malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayat Ahmed
- Department of Anatomy, Biology, and Histology, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, IRQ
| | - Mayada Ilias
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, IRQ
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13
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Lin KX, Istl AC, Quan D, Skaro A, Tang E, Zheng X. PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors in cold colorectal cancer: challenges and strategies. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:3875-3893. [PMID: 37831146 PMCID: PMC10700246 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03520-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer mortality, with mismatch repair proficient (pMMR) and/or microsatellite stable (MSS) CRC making up more than 80% of metastatic CRC. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are approved as monotherapy in many cancers including a subset of advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) with deficiency in mismatch repair (dMMR) and/or high microsatellite instability (MSI-H). However, proficient mismatch repair and microsatellite stable (pMMR/MSS) cold CRCs have not shown clinical response to ICIs alone. To potentiate the anti-tumor response of PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors in patients with MSS cold cancer, combination strategies currently being investigated include dual ICI, and PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) /VEGF receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitors, and signal transducer and activation of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitors. This paper will review the mechanisms of PD-1/PD-L1 ICI resistance in pMMR/MSS CRC and potential combination strategies to overcome this resistance, summarize the published clinical experience with different combination therapies, and make recommendations for future avenues of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xin Lin
- Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandra C Istl
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Douglas Quan
- Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada
| | - Anton Skaro
- Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada
| | - Ephraim Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada
| | - Xiufen Zheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada.
- Department of Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada.
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada.
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada.
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Haji J, Ilias M. Mesenchymal and Vascular Dissemination Markers, Erythroblastosis Virus E26 Oncogene Homolog (ERG) and Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin (α-SMA), in Colorectal Cancer and Adjacent Tissue, Pericytes or Microvascular Density. Cureus 2023; 15:e50059. [PMID: 38186453 PMCID: PMC10769144 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The harmony between malignant cells and the adjacent microenvironment is a sophisticated subject; however, it seems to play an important role in cancer evolution. This study aimed to assess the microvascular density (MVD) and the mean pericyte number in the tumor and adjacent tissue, and to correlate the results with special histopathological prognostic variables of the tumor. The study included 48 colorectal cancer (CRC) cases diagnosed in the central lab of Duhok. The immunohistochemical (IHC) expressions of the mesenchymal and vascular dissemination markers, erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog (ERG, a member of the ETS family of transcription factors) and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) for microvascular density and pericytes, were assessed in tumor cells and in adjacent tissue around the tumor and then correlated to clinicopathological variables with a special concentration on inflammatory reaction, tumor budding, tumor deposition, and lymphovascular invasion. The results showed that the MVD was significantly higher outside the tumor in T1 and T2 compared with T3 and T4. Moreover, it was significantly higher in grade I when compared to grades II and III within the tumor. However, no correlation was found between the MVD and the special histopathological variables that had been studied. On the other hand, the low mean pericyte showed multiple significant associations outside tumor areas, with special histopathological features including a severe inflammatory reaction, a positive tumor deposit, and a negative lymphovascular invasion. These findings may indicate that defective or transformed pericytes around the tumor can participate in the development of the tumor and, subsequently, the outcome and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyan Haji
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Duhok, Duhok, IRQ
| | - Mayada Ilias
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, IRQ
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15
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Yu P, Wang Y, Yuan D, Sun Y, Qin S, Li T. Vascular normalization: reshaping the tumor microenvironment and augmenting antitumor immunity for ovarian cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1276694. [PMID: 37936692 PMCID: PMC10626545 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1276694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer remains a challenging disease with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in tumor growth, progression, and therapy response. One characteristic feature of the TME is the abnormal tumor vasculature, which is associated with inadequate blood perfusion, hypoxia, and immune evasion. Vascular normalization, a therapeutic strategy aiming to rectify the abnormal tumor vasculature, has emerged as a promising approach to reshape the TME, enhance antitumor immunity, and synergize with immunotherapy in ovarian cancer. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of vascular normalization and its potential implications in ovarian cancer. In this review, we summarize the intricate interplay between anti-angiogenesis and immune modulation, as well as ICI combined with anti-angiogenesis therapy in ovarian cancer. The compelling evidence discussed in this review contributes to the growing body of knowledge supporting the utilization of combination therapy as a promising treatment paradigm for ovarian cancer, paving the way for further clinical development and optimization of this therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yu
- Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Dahai Yuan
- Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yunqin Sun
- Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shuang Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianye Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Yu Y, Huang X, Liang C, Zhang P. Evodiamine impairs HIF1A histone lactylation to inhibit Sema3A-mediated angiogenesis and PD-L1 by inducing ferroptosis in prostate cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:176007. [PMID: 37611839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is among the most commonly diagnosed solid cancers in male adults. However, most anti-angiogenic therapies and immunotherapies fail to achieve durable remission in advanced PCa. Integrative analysis indicated that Sema3A was negatively correlated with the pathological malignancy and was involved in angiogenesis, cell adhesion, and immune infiltrates in PCa. Sema3A significantly inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA)-induced colony formation, cell proliferation, and PD-L1 expression in PCa cells. Network pharmacological analysis demonstrated that evodiamine, a natural alkaloid compound derived from Evodiae fructus fruits, might regulate Sema3A, lipid metabolism, and monocarboxylic acid transport signaling of PCa. Evodiamine evidently inhibited PCa cell viability in a time-dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, evodiamine impaired angiogenesis by increasing Sema3A expression, and induced ferroptosis by reducing glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression, which could be reversed by the ferroptosis blocker ferrostatin-1. Lactate treatment increased hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and PD-L1 expressions while restricting Sema3A expression in PCa cells, which could be reversed by silencing monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) expression. Moreover, evodiamine markedly blocked lactate-induced angiogenesis by restricting histone lactylation and expression of HIF1A in PCa cells, further enhancing Sema3A transcription while inhibiting that of PD-L1. In vivo, evodiamine remarkably inhibited PCa xenograft growth in nude mice, repressing expressions of HIF1α, H3K18la, GPX4, PD-L1, and proliferation, while hindering angiogenesis by increasing Sema3A expression. Therefore, Sema3A represents an essential antineoplastic biomarker, while evodiamine may act as a metabolic-epigenetic modulator, as well as a promising agent in either PCa anti-angiogenic therapy or immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chaoqi Liang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Li SH, Li YW, Li YJ, Liu LB, Zhang Q, Lu D. A Retrospective Study of Anlotinib Combined with Anti-PD-1 Inhibitors in the 2nd or Later-Line Treatment of Advanced Solid Tumors. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:4485-4498. [PMID: 37814643 PMCID: PMC10560472 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s426590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of anlotinib combined with anti-PD-1 inhibitors in the 2nd or later-line treatment of advanced solid tumors. Patients and Methods A total of 63 patients with advanced solid tumors who had failed or could not endure the adverse reactions after receiving first-line or more systematic treatment in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from March 2019 to April 2023 were treated with anlotinib Hydrochloride capsule combined with anti-PD-1 inhibitors. The efficacy and adverse reactions were evaluated according to RECIST1.1 and NCICTC4.0 standards. Results The percentage of overall response rate of 63 patients during the combination administration indicated that complete response was 1.6% (n=1), partial response was 23.8% (n=15), stable disease was 39.7% (n=25) and progressive disease was 34.9% (n=22), yielding objective response rate (ORR) of 25.4% and disease control rate (DCR) of 65.1%. Furthermore, the median PFS of 63 patients with advanced solid tumors was 7 months and the median OS was not reached, and the median follow-up time is 4.5 months. In subgroup analysis, there was no significant difference in PFS between first-line, second-line, third-line and above (p=0.631); there was no significant difference in PFS between PD-1 positive patients and PD-1 negative patients (p=0.094); there was no significant difference in PFS between patients who had previously used anti-PD-1 inhibitors and patients who had not used before (p=0.204). The most common adverse reactions were hypertension, hand-foot syndrome, and fatigue, with an incidence of 28.4% (18/63), 25.6% (14/63), and 25.6% (14/63), respectively. Most of the adverse reactions were grade 1-2, and there were no grade 4 adverse reactions. Conclusion Anlotinib combined with anti-PD-1 inhibitors demonstrated promising efficacy and tolerable safety for patients with advanced solid tumors in the 2nd or later-line treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-hui Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wen Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Jue Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin-Bo Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, People’s Republic of China
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Shakhpazyan N, Mikhaleva L, Bedzhanyan A, Gioeva Z, Sadykhov N, Mikhalev A, Atiakshin D, Buchwalow I, Tiemann M, Orekhov A. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of the Tumor Stroma in Colorectal Cancer: Insights into Disease Progression and Therapeutic Targets. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2361. [PMID: 37760801 PMCID: PMC10525158 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health burden worldwide and is the third most common type of cancer. The early detection and diagnosis of CRC is critical to improve patient outcomes. This review explores the intricate interplay between the tumor microenvironment, stromal interactions, and the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer. The review begins by assessing the gut microbiome's influence on CRC development, emphasizing its association with gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). The role of the Wnt signaling pathway in CRC tumor stroma is scrutinized, elucidating its impact on disease progression. Tumor budding, its effect on tumor stroma, and the implications for patient prognosis are investigated. The review also identifies conserved oncogenic signatures (COS) within CRC stroma and explores their potential as therapeutic targets. Lastly, the seed and soil hypothesis is employed to contextualize metastasis, accentuating the significance of both tumor cells and the surrounding stroma in metastatic propensity. This review highlights the intricate interdependence between CRC cells and their microenvironment, providing valuable insights into prospective therapeutic approaches targeting tumor-stroma interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Shakhpazyan
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (L.M.); (Z.G.); (N.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Liudmila Mikhaleva
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (L.M.); (Z.G.); (N.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Arkady Bedzhanyan
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and Oncology II (Coloproctology and Uro-Gynecology), Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Zarina Gioeva
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (L.M.); (Z.G.); (N.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Nikolay Sadykhov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (L.M.); (Z.G.); (N.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Alexander Mikhalev
- Department of Hospital Surgery No. 2, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Dmitri Atiakshin
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
- Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, 394036 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Igor Buchwalow
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute for Hematopathology, 22547 Hamburg, Germany;
| | | | - Alexander Orekhov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (L.M.); (Z.G.); (N.S.); (A.O.)
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, 121096 Moscow, Russia
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Li J, Kong M, Yu G, Wang S, Shi Z, Han H, Lin Y, Shi J, Song J. Safety and efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and camrelizumab in the treatment of patients with advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1188308. [PMID: 37545497 PMCID: PMC10401037 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1188308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and camrelizumab in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma and to explore a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of advanced HCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 87 patients aged 18-75 years with at least one measurable lesion per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (version 1.1) were included in the study. TACE was administered as needed, and camrelizumab and TKI medication were initiated within two weeks and one week after TACE, respectively. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival and objective response rate. RESULTS The 87 patients in this trial were last evaluated on September 28, 2022, and 35.8% were still receiving treatment at the data cutoff. A total of 34 patients (39.1%) died, and the median OS was not reached. The median PFS was 10.5 months (95% CI: 7.8-13.1). The ORR rate was 71.3% (62/87), and the DCR rate was 89.7% (78/87) per mRECIST. According to RECIST version 1.1, the ORR rate was 35.6% (31/87), and the DCR rate was 87.4% (76/87). Ten patients (11.5%) successfully underwent conversion therapy and all achieved R0 resection. Two patients achieved a complete pathological response, four achieved a major pathological response, and four had a partial response. All treatment-related adverse events were tolerated. No serious adverse events were observed, and no treatment-related deaths occurred. CONCLUSIONS TACE combined with TKI and camrelizumab was safe and effective in treating advanced HCC. Triple therapy may benefit patients with large tumor burden and portal vein cancer thrombus and is expected to provide a new treatment strategy for advanced HCC. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier ChiCTR2000039508.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Li
- Intervention Ward One, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingxin Kong
- Department of Interventional, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Guangji Yu
- Department of Interventional, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Interventional, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaozhang Shi
- Department of Oncology, Public Health Clinical Center of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huihui Han
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Lin
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jutian Shi
- Intervention Ward One, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinlong Song
- Intervention Ward One, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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20
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Li LL, Yu CF, Xie HT, Chen Z, Jia BH, Xie FY, Cai YF, Xue P, Zhu SJ. Biomarkers and factors in small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A meta-analysis. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 37161541 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this meta-analysis was to summarize the available results of immunotherapy predictors for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and to provide evidence-based information for their potential predictive value of efficacy. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials (from January 1, 1975 to November 1, 2021). The hazard ratios (HR) and its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and tumor response rate of the included studies were extracted. RESULTS Eleven studies were eventually included and the pooled results showed that programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) positive: objective response rate (ORR) (relative risk [RR] = 1.39, 95% CI [0.48, 4.03], p = 0.54), with high heterogeneity (p = 0.05, I2 = 56%); disease control rate [DCR] (RR = 1.31, 95% CI [0.04, 38.57], p = 0.88), with high heterogeneity (p = 0.04, I2 = 75%); overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.89, 95% CI [0.74, 1.07], p = 0.22); and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.83, 95% CI [0.59, 1.16], p = 0.27), with high heterogeneity (p = 0.005, I2 = 73.1%). TMB-High (TMB-H): OS (HR = 0.86, 95% CI [0.74, 1.00], p = 0.05); PFS (HR = 0.71, 95% CI [0.6, 0.85], p < 0.001). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) >upper limit of normal (ULN): OS (HR = 0.95, 95% CI [0.81, 1.11], p = 0.511). Asian patients: OS (HR = 0.87, 95% CI [0.72, 1.04], p = 0.135); White/Non-Asian patients: OS (HR = 0.83, 95% CI [0.76, 0.90], p < 0.001). Liver metastasis patients: OS (HR = 0.93, 95% CI [0.83, 1.05], p = 0.229); PFS (HR = 0.84, 95% CI [0.67, 1.06], p = 0.141). Central nervous system (CNS) metastasis patients: OS (HR = 0.91, 95% CI [0.71, 1.17], p = 0.474); PFS (HR = 1.03, 95% CI [0.66, 1.60], p = 0.903). CONCLUSION The available research results do not support the recommendation of PD-L1 positive and TMB-H as predictors for the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in SCLC patients. LDH, baseline liver metastasis and CNS metastasis may be used as markers/influencing factors for predicting the efficacy of ICIs in SCLC patients. Non-Asian SCLC patients had better efficacy with ICIs in our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lu Li
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Feng Yu
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Ting Xie
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Bo-Hui Jia
- Beijing Sihui West District Hospital, 100082, Beijing, China
| | - Fei-Yu Xie
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Fang Cai
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Xue
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Jie Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100102, Beijing, China
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Ma X, Fang W, Wang D, Shao N, Chen J, Nie T, Huang C, Huang Y, Luo L, Xiao Z. Nanomaterial-Based Antivascular Therapy in the Multimodal Treatment of Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041207. [PMID: 37111692 PMCID: PMC10145863 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal tumor vasculature and a hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME) limit the effectiveness of conventional cancer treatment. Recent studies have shown that antivascular strategies that focus on antagonizing the hypoxic TME and promoting vessel normalization effectively synergize to increase the antitumor efficacy of conventional therapeutic regimens. By integrating multiple therapeutic agents, well-designed nanomaterials exhibit great advantages in achieving higher drug delivery efficiency and can be used as multimodal therapy with reduced systemic toxicity. In this review, strategies for the nanomaterial-based administration of antivascular therapy combined with other common tumor treatments, including immunotherapy, chemotherapy, phototherapy, radiotherapy, and interventional therapy, are summarized. In particular, the administration of intravascular therapy and other therapies with the use of versatile nanodrugs is also described. This review provides a reference for the development of multifunctional nanotheranostic platforms for effective antivascular therapy in combined anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Ma
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Weimin Fang
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Duo Wang
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ni Shao
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jifeng Chen
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tianqi Nie
- The 12th People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Cuiqing Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Yanyu Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Liangping Luo
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zeyu Xiao
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Darvishi M, Tosan F, Nakhaei P, Manjili DA, Kharkouei SA, Alizadeh A, Ilkhani S, Khalafi F, Zadeh FA, Shafagh SG. Recent progress in cancer immunotherapy: Overview of current status and challenges. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 241:154241. [PMID: 36543080 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer treatment is presently one of the most important challenges in medical science. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or combining these methods is used to eliminate the tumor. Hormone therapy, bone marrow transplantation, stem cell therapy as well as immunotherapy are other well-known therapeutic modalities. Immunotherapy, as the most important complementary method, uses the immune system for treating cancer followed by surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. This method is systematically used to prevent malignancies development mainly via potentiating antitumor immune cells activation and conversely compromising their exhaustion with the lowest negative effects on healthy cells. Active immunotherapy can be employed for cancer immunotherapy by directly using the ingredients of the immune system and activating immune responses. On the other hand, inactive immunotherapy is utilized by indirect induction and using immune cell-based products consisting of monoclonal antibodies. It has strongly been proved that combination therapy with immunotherapies and other therapeutic means, such as anti-angiogenic agents, could be a rational plan to treat cancer. Herein, we have focused on recent findings concerning the therapeutic merits of cancer therapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), adoptive cell transfer (ACT) and cancer vaccine alone or in combination with other approaches. Also, we offer a glimpse into the current challenges in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Darvishi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center (IDTMRC), Department of Aerospace and Subaquatic Medicine, AJA University of Medicinal Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Foad Tosan
- Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Pooria Nakhaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Danial Amiri Manjili
- Department of Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | | | - Ali Alizadeh
- Department of Digital Health, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saba Ilkhani
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farima Khalafi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Barnestein R, Galland L, Kalfeist L, Ghiringhelli F, Ladoire S, Limagne E. Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment modulation by chemotherapies and targeted therapies to enhance immunotherapy effectiveness. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2120676. [PMID: 36117524 PMCID: PMC9481153 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2120676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid clinical development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the standard of care in cancer management has evolved rapidly. However, immunotherapy is not currently beneficial for all patients. In addition to intrinsic tumor factors, other etiologies of resistance to ICIs arise from the complex interplay between cancer and its microenvironment. Recognition of the essential role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in cancer progression has led to a shift from a tumor-cell-centered view of cancer development, to the concept of a complex tumor ecosystem that supports tumor growth and metastatic dissemination. The expansion of immunosuppressive cells represents a cardinal strategy deployed by tumor cells to escape detection and elimination by the immune system. Regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and type-2 tumor-associated macrophages (TAM2) are major components of these inhibitory cellular networks, with the ability to suppress innate and adaptive anticancer immunity. They therefore represent major impediments to anticancer therapies, particularly immune-based interventions. Recent work has provided evidence that, beyond their direct cytotoxic effects on cancer cells, several conventional chemotherapeutic (CT) drugs and agents used in targeted therapies (TT) can promote the elimination or inactivation of suppressive immune cells, resulting in enhanced antitumor immunity. In this review, we will analyze findings pertaining to this concept, discuss the possible molecular bases underlying the selective targeting of these immunosuppressive cells by antineoplastic agents (CT and/or TT), and consider current challenges and future prospects related to the integration of these molecules into more efficient anticancer strategies, in the era of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robby Barnestein
- University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Loïck Galland
- University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Center, Dijon, France
| | - Laura Kalfeist
- University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France
- Genomic and Immunotherapy Medical Institute, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Center, Dijon, France
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France
- Genomic and Immunotherapy Medical Institute, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Sylvain Ladoire
- University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Center, Dijon, France
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France
- Genomic and Immunotherapy Medical Institute, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Emeric Limagne
- University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Center, Dijon, France
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France
- Genomic and Immunotherapy Medical Institute, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
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Zheng Z, Bian C, Wang H, Su J, Meng L, Xin Y, Jiang X. Prediction of immunotherapy efficacy and immunomodulatory role of hypoxia in colorectal cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221138383. [PMID: 36425871 PMCID: PMC9679351 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221138383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has been used in the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, most patients fail to achieve satisfactory survival benefits. Biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity are being increasingly developed to predict the efficacy of CRC immunotherapy. In addition to DNA alteration markers, such as microsatellite instability/mismatch repair and tumor mutational burden, immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints (ICs), epigenetic changes and no-coding RNA, and gut microbiomes all show potential predictive ability. Recently, the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME) has been identified as a key factor mediating CRC immune evasion and resistance to treatment. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α is the central transcription factor in the hypoxia response that drives the expression of a vast number of survival genes by binding to the hypoxia response element in cancer and immune cells in the TME. Hypoxia regulates angiogenesis, immune cell infiltration and activation, expression of ICs, and secretion of various immune molecules in the TME and is closely associated with the immunotherapeutic efficacy of CRC. Currently, various agents targeting hypoxia have been found to improve the TME and enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. We reviewed current markers commonly used in CRC to predict therapeutic efficacy and the mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced angiogenesis and tumor immune evasion. Exploring the mechanisms by which hypoxia affects the TME will assist the discovery of new immunotherapeutic predictive biomarkers and development of more effective combinations of agents targeting hypoxia and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, Changchun, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenbin Bian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, Changchun, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, Changchun, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, Changchun, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lingbin Meng
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ying Xin
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, Changchun, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Chu XD, Bao H, Lin YJ, Chen RX, Zhang YR, Huang T, He JS, Huangfu SC, Pan YL, Ding H. Endostatin induces normalization of blood vessels in colorectal cancer and promotes infiltration of CD8+ T cells to improve anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:965492. [PMID: 36389685 PMCID: PMC9644205 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.965492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate recombinant human endostatin (rHE)-induced normalization of the tumor vasculature in colorectal cancer (CRC) and to evaluate the therapeutic effects of combined treatment with rHE and a programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) inhibitor. METHODS A mouse subcutaneous tumorigenesis model was established to evaluate the antitumor effects of endostatin combined with a PD-L1 inhibitor on CRC. Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (IVIM-DW MRI) was used to evaluate changes in the intratumor microcirculation in response to combined treatment with endostatin and a PD-L1 inhibitor. The infiltration density and function of CD8+ T cells in tumors were evaluated using flow cytometry. Finally, clinical specimens were used to evaluate the expression area of tumor vascular pericytes and CD8+ T cells in tumor tissues. RESULTS The antitumor effects of endostatin combined with a PD-L1 inhibitor were significantly greater than those of endostatin or a PD-L1 inhibitor alone. On the ninth day of intervention, the endostatin group showed significantly higher pseudo diffusion parameter (D*) and microvascular volume fraction (F) values in tumors than those in the control group or PD-L1 group. After 27 days of intervention, the endostatin groups showed significantly lower levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β than those in the control group. Treatment of CD8+ T cells with endostatin for 24 h did not alter the expression levels of markers of reduced T-cell activity. However, endostatin reversed the VEGF-mediated inhibition of the secretion of interferon (IFN)-γ from T cells. The results in CRC clinical samples showed that treatment with endostatin induced significantly higher infiltration of CD8+ T cells compared with treatment that did not include endostatin. Furthermore, the expression area of pericytes was significantly positively related to the infiltration density of CD8+ T cells and overall survival time. CONCLUSION Endostatin improved the antitumor effects of PD-L1 inhibitors on CRC, significantly increased the activity of CD8+ T cells, and synergistically improved the tumor treatment effect of the two inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Chu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Bao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Jian Lin
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruo-Xi Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ran Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Clinical Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Shuai He
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Chen Huangfu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Long Pan
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Apatinib plus vinorelbine versus vinorelbine for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer who failed first/second-line treatment: the NAN trial. NPJ Breast Cancer 2022; 8:110. [PMID: 36127351 PMCID: PMC9489776 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-022-00462-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
While therapies such as chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy, sacituzumab govitecan, and PARP inhibitors are available for metastatic TNBC, on disease progression after these therapies, the mainstay of therapy is chemotherapy. Apatinib is a small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has promising anti-angiogenesis and antitumor activity for TNBC. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adding apatinib to chemotherapy in patients with advanced TNBC with failed first/second-line treatment. A total of 66 patients were randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive vinorelbine or vinorelbine with apatinib in 28-day cycles. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR) and safety. 33 received apatinib plus vinorelbine and 32 received vinorelbine (1 was withdrawal). Median PFS was significantly longer in the apatinib plus vinorelbine group than in the vinorelbine group (3.9 months vs. 2.0 months; hazard ratio, 1.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06 to 3.11; P = 0.026). Median OS was 11.5 months with apatinib plus vinorelbine and 9.9 months with vinorelbine (HR,1.01; 95% CI, 0.51 to 1.97; P = 0.985). The ORR was 9.1% in the apatinib plus vinorelbine group and 6.3% in the vinorelbine group (P = 0.667). The most common treatment-related hematologic grade 3–4 adverse events in apatinib plus vinorelbine group, were leukopenia, granulocytopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. no treatment-related nonhematologic grade 4 adverse events or treatment-related deaths were observed. Collectively, adding apatinib to vinorelbine shows a promising benefit in PFS compared to vinorelbine monotherapy, with an excellent toxicity profile, warranting further exploration.
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Chen JS, Hsieh YC, Chou CH, Wu YH, Yang MH, Chu SH, Chao YS, Chen CN. Chidamide plus Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Remodel the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Reduce Tumor Progression When Combined with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor in Naïve and Anti-PD-1 Resistant CT26-Bearing Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10677. [PMID: 36142591 PMCID: PMC9504159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) pathways has shown efficacy in multiple cancers; however, the clinical outcomes show limited benefits and the unmet clinical needs still remain and require improvement in efficacy. Using murine colon carcinoma (CT26) allograft models, we examined the efficacy and elucidated novel tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling mechanisms underlying the combination of chidamide (a benzamide-based class l histone deacetylase inhibitor; brand name in Taiwan, Kepida®) with VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKIs; cabozantinib/regorafenib, etc.) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs; anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1/anti-CTLA-4 antibodies). The TME was assessed using flow cytometry and RNA-sequencing to determine the novel mechanisms and their correlation with therapeutic effects in mice with significant treatment response. Compared with ICI alone or cabozantinib/regorafenib + ICI, combination of chidamide + cabozantinib/regorafenib + ICI increased the tumor response and survival benefits. In particular, treatment of CT26-bearing mice with chidamide + regorafenib + anti-PD-1 antibody showed a better objective response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS). Similar results were observed in anti-PD-1 treatment-resistant mice. After treatment with this optimal combination, in the TME, RNA-sequencing revealed that downregulated mRNAs were correlated with leukocyte migration, cell chemotaxis, and macrophage gene sets, and flow cytometry analysis showed that the cell numbers of myeloid-derived polymorphonuclear suppressor cells and tumor-associated macrophages were decreased. Accordingly, chidamide + regorafenib + anti-PD-1 antibody combination therapy could trigger a novel TME remodeling mechanism by attenuating immunosuppressive cells, and restoring T-cell activation to enhance ORR and OS. Our studies also showed that the addition of Chidamide to the regorafenib + anti-PD-1 Ab combination could induce a durable tumor-specific response by attenuating immune suppression in the TME. In addition, this result suggests that TME remodeling, mediated by epigenetic immunomodulator combined with TKI and ICI, would be more advantageous for achieving a high objective response rate, when compared to TKI plus ICI or ICI alone, and maintaining long-lasting antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Shiong Chen
- New Drug Research and Development Center, Great Novel Therapeutics Biotech & Medicals Corporation (GNTbm), Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | | | - Cheng-Han Chou
- Department of Biology, Great Novel Therapeutics Biotech & Medicals Corporation (GNTbm), Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hong Wu
- Department of Biology, Great Novel Therapeutics Biotech & Medicals Corporation (GNTbm), Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Hsuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Great Novel Therapeutics Biotech & Medicals Corporation (GNTbm), Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Sz-Hao Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Great Novel Therapeutics Biotech & Medicals Corporation (GNTbm), Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ye-Su Chao
- New Drug Research and Development Center, Great Novel Therapeutics Biotech & Medicals Corporation (GNTbm), Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Nan Chen
- New Drug Research and Development Center, Great Novel Therapeutics Biotech & Medicals Corporation (GNTbm), Taipei 100, Taiwan
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Chen Y, Bai B, Ying K, Pan H, Xie B. Anti-PD-1 combined with targeted therapy: Theory and practice in gastric and colorectal cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188775. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Mei J, Jiang G, Chen Y, Xu Y, Wan Y, Chen R, Liu F, Mao W, Zheng M, Xu J. HLA class II molecule HLA-DRA identifies immuno-hot tumors and predicts the therapeutic response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in NSCLC. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:738. [PMID: 35794593 PMCID: PMC9258174 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09840-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) only works well for a certain subset of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, biomarkers for patient stratification are desired, which can suggest the most beneficial treatment. Methods In this study, three datasets (GSE126044, GSE135222, and GSE136961) of immunotherapy from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed, and seven intersected candidates were extracted as potential biomarkers for ICB followed by validation with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and the in-house cohort data. Results Among these candidates, we found that human leukocyte antigen-DR alpha (HLA-DRA) was downregulated in NSCLC tissues and both tumor and immune cells expressed HLA-DRA. In addition, HLA-DRA was associated with an inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME) and could predict the response to ICB in NSCLC. Moreover, we validated the predictive value of HLA-DRA in immunotherapy using an in-house cohort. Furthermore, HLA-DRA was related to the features of inflamed TME in not only NSCLC but also in most cancer types. Conclusion Overall, HLA-DRA could be a promising biomarker for guiding ICB in NSCLC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09840-6.
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Li H, Huang H, Zhang T, Feng H, Wang S, Zhang Y, Ji X, Cheng X, Zhao R. Apatinib: A Novel Antiangiogenic Drug in Monotherapy or Combination Immunotherapy for Digestive System Malignancies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:937307. [PMID: 35844616 PMCID: PMC9276937 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.937307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Digestive system malignancies are one of the primary causes of cancer-related death. Meanwhile, angiogenesis has been proved to play an important role in the process of cancer neovascularization. Apatinib, a novel targeted antiangiogenic molecule, could generate highly selective competition in the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, involved in tumor progression and metastasis. It has been implied as a promising cancer treatment agent that can prevent tumor cell proliferation meanwhile inhibit tumor angiogenesis. Furthermore, completed clinical trials demonstrated that apatinib could prolong the progression-free survival and overall survival in advanced gastric cancer and primary liver cancer. Recent studies revealed that apatinib had a synergistic effect with immunotherapy as a second-line and third-line treatment regimen for some other cancers. In this review, we summarize the pharmacological properties of apatinib and the latest clinical application in chemotherapy-refractory patients with advanced digestive system cancer. Based on the comparable survival results, the molecular mechanisms of apatinib are prospective to include the antiangiogenic, apoptosis-inducing, and autophagy-inducing properties in the corresponding signaling pathway. Treatment of apatinib monotherapy or combination immunotherapy remains the optimal option for patients with digestive system malignancies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haosheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoran Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaodong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaopin Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaopin Ji, ; Xi Cheng, ; Ren Zhao,
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaopin Ji, ; Xi Cheng, ; Ren Zhao,
| | - Ren Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaopin Ji, ; Xi Cheng, ; Ren Zhao,
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Wang W, Li C, Zhuang C, Zhang H, Wang Q, Fan X, Qi M, Sun R, Yu J. Research on the Mechanism and Prevention of Hypertension Caused by Apatinib Through the RhoA/ROCK Signaling Pathway in a Mouse Model of Gastric Cancer. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:873829. [PMID: 35811723 PMCID: PMC9262125 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.873829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the main adverse effects of antiangiogenic tumor drugs and thus limits their application. The mechanism of hypertension caused by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting vascular endothelial growth factors is mainly related to inhibition of the nitric oxide (NO) pathway and activation of the endothelin pathway, as well as vascular rarefaction and increased salt sensitivity; consequently, prevention and treatment differ for this type of hypertension compared with primary hypertension. Apatinib is a highly selective TKI approved in China for the treatment of advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. The RhoA/ROCK pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension and mediates smooth muscle contraction, eNOS inhibition, endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling. In this study, in vivo experiments were performed to explore whether the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway is part of a possible mechanism of apatinib in the treatment of gastric cancer-induced hypertension and the impairment of vascular remodeling and left ventricular function. Y27632, a selective small inhibitor of both ROCK1 and ROCK2, was combined with apatinib, and its efficacy was evaluated, wherein it can reduce hypertension induced by apatinib treatment in gastric cancer mice and weaken the activation of the RhoA/ROCK pathway by apatinib and a high-salt diet (HSD). Furthermore, Y-27632 improved aortic remodeling, fibrosis, endothelial dysfunction, superior mesenteric artery endothelial injury, left ventricular dysfunction and cardiac fibrosis in mice by weakening the activation of the RhoA/ROCK pathway. The expression of RhoA/ROCK pathway-related proteins and relative mRNA levels in mice after apatinib intervention were analyzed by various methods, and blood pressure and cardiac function indexes were compared. Endothelial and cardiac function and collagen levels in the aorta were also measured to assess vascular and cardiac fibrosis and to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of this type of hypertension.
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Lin A, Zhou N, Zhu W, Zhang J, Wei T, Guo L, Luo P, Zhang J. Genomic and immunological profiles of small-cell lung cancer between East Asians and Caucasian. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:173. [PMID: 35488336 PMCID: PMC9052616 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02588-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterization of immunological and genomic differences in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) between East Asian (EA) and Caucasian patients can reveal important clinical therapies for EA patients with SCLC. By sequencing and analyzing a molecular and immunological dataset of 98-SCLC patients of EA ancestry, immunogenicity, including DNA damage repair alterations and tumor mutation burden (TMB), was found to be significantly higher in the EA cohort than in the Caucasian cohort. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was the signaling signature with the predominant frequency of mutations across all patients in the EA cohort. Analysis of tumor-infiltrated immune cells revealed that resting lymphocytes were significantly enriched in the EA cohort. Compound-targeting analysis showed that topoisomerase inhibitors might be capable of targeting TP53 and RB1 comutations in EA SCLC patients. EA SCLC patients who harbored COL6A6 mutations had poor survival, while Caucasian SCLC patients with OTOF, ANKRD30B, and TECPR2 mutations were identified to have a shorter survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Ningning Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiexia Zhang
- Department of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Wei
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Linlang Guo
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China.
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Ansari MJ, Bokov D, Markov A, Jalil AT, Shalaby MN, Suksatan W, Chupradit S, AL-Ghamdi HS, Shomali N, Zamani A, Mohammadi A, Dadashpour M. Cancer combination therapies by angiogenesis inhibitors; a comprehensive review. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:49. [PMID: 35392964 PMCID: PMC8991477 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00838-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal vasculature is one of the most conspicuous traits of tumor tissue, largely contributing to tumor immune evasion. The deregulation mainly arises from the potentiated pro-angiogenic factors secretion and can also target immune cells' biological events, such as migration and activation. Owing to this fact, angiogenesis blockade therapy was established to fight cancer by eliminating the nutrient and oxygen supply to the malignant cells by impairing the vascular network. Given the dominant role of vascular-endothelium growth factor (VEGF) in the angiogenesis process, the well-known anti-angiogenic agents mainly depend on the targeting of its actions. However, cancer cells mainly show resistance to anti-angiogenic agents by several mechanisms, and also potentiated local invasiveness and also distant metastasis have been observed following their administration. Herein, we will focus on clinical developments of angiogenesis blockade therapy, more particular, in combination with other conventional treatments, such as immunotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, targeted therapy, and also cancer vaccines. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Dmitry Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240 Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Markov
- Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Russian Federation
- Industrial University, Tyumen, Russian Federation
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Faculty of Biology and Ecology, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, 230023 Grodno, Belarus
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- Department of Dentistry, Kut University College, Kut, Wasit 52001 Iraq
| | - Mohammed Nader Shalaby
- Biological Sciences and Sports Health Department, Faculty of Physical Education, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supat Chupradit
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Hasan S. AL-Ghamdi
- Internal Medicine Department, Division of Dermatology, Albaha University, Al Bahah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Navid Shomali
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Zamani
- Shiraz Transplant Center, Abu Ali Sina Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Neurology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dadashpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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Naimi A, Mohammed RN, Raji A, Chupradit S, Yumashev AV, Suksatan W, Shalaby MN, Thangavelu L, Kamrava S, Shomali N, Sohrabi AD, Adili A, Noroozi-Aghideh A, Razeghian E. Tumor immunotherapies by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); the pros and cons. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:44. [PMID: 35392976 PMCID: PMC8991803 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00854-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The main breakthrough in tumor immunotherapy was the discovery of immune checkpoint (IC) proteins, which act as a potent suppressor of the immune system by a myriad of mechanisms. After that, scientists focused on the immune checkpoint molecules mainly. Thereby, much effort was spent to progress novel strategies for suppressing these inhibitory axes, resulting in the evolution of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Then, ICIs have become a promising approach and shaped a paradigm shift in tumor immunotherapies. CTLA-4 plays an influential role in attenuation of the induction of naïve and memory T cells by engagement with its responding ligands like B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86). Besides, PD-1 is predominantly implicated in adjusting T cell function in peripheral tissues through its interaction with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-L2. Given their suppressive effects on anti-tumor immunity, it has firmly been documented that ICIs based therapies can be practical and rational therapeutic approaches to treat cancer patients. Nonetheless, tumor inherent or acquired resistance to ICI and some treatment-related toxicities restrict their application in the clinic. The current review will deliver a comprehensive overview of the ICI application to treat human tumors alone or in combination with other modalities to support more desired outcomes and lower toxicities in cancer patients. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Naimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Rebar N. Mohammed
- Medical Laboratory Analysis Department, Cihan University Sulaimaniya, Sulaymaniyah, 46001 Kurdistan Region Iraq
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Suleimanyah, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Raji
- College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Department of Pathology, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Supat Chupradit
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | | | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Mohammed Nader Shalaby
- Associate Professor of Biological Sciences and Sports Health Department, Faculty of Physical Education, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Siavash Kamrava
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Shomali
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Armin D. Sohrabi
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Adili
- Department of Oncology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Noroozi-Aghideh
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Razeghian
- Human Genetics Division, Medical Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetics Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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Rho kinase inhibition ameliorates vascular remodeling and blood pressure elevations in a rat model of apatinib-induced hypertension. J Hypertens 2022; 40:675-684. [PMID: 34862331 PMCID: PMC8901036 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hypertension is one of the major adverse effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting vascular endothelial growth factors. However, the mechanism underlying TKIs-induced hypertension remains unclear. Here, we explored the role of the RhoA/Rho kinase (ROCK) signaling pathway in elevation of blood pressure (BP) induced by apatinib, a selective TKI approved in China for treatment of advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. A nonspecific ROCK inhibitor, Y27632, was then combined with apatinib and its efficacy in alleviating apatinib-induced hypertension was evaluated. METHODS Normotensive female Wistar-Kyoto rats were exposed to two different doses of apatinib, or apatinib combined with Y27632, or vehicle for 2 weeks. BP was monitored by a tail-cuff plethysmography system. The mRNA levels and protein expression in the RhoA/ROCK pathway were determined, and vascular remodeling assessed. RESULTS Administration of either a high or low dose of apatinib was associated with a rapid rise in BP, reaching a plateau after 12 days. Apatinib treatment mediated upregulation of RhoA and ROCK II in the mid-aorta, more significant in the high-dose group. However, ROCK I expression showed no statistically significant differences. Furthermore, the mRNA level of GRAF3 decreased dose-dependently. Apatinib administration was also associated with decreased levels of MLCP, and elevated endothelin-1 (ET-1) and collagen I, which were accompanied with increased mid-aortic media. However, treatment with Y27632 attenuated the above changes. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that activation of the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway could be the underlying mechanism of apatinib-induced hypertension, while ROCK inhibitor have potential therapeutic value.
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Ju S, Zhou C, Hu J, Wang Y, Wang C, Liu J, Yang C, Huang S, Li T, Chen Y, Bai Y, Yao W, Xiong B. Late combination of transarterial chemoembolization with apatinib and camrelizumab for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma is superior to early combination. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:335. [PMID: 35346114 PMCID: PMC8961945 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09451-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with apatinib and camrelizumab (TACE + AC) for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the impact of the timing of the combination on it.
Methods
In this single-arm retrospective study, consecutive data of patients with unresectable HCC treated to our hospital from March 2017 to September 2021 were collected. These patients were treated with TACE and started on camrelizumab and apatinib within one week of TACE. Camrelizumab 200 mg intravenously once every three weeks and apatinib 250 mg orally once daily. Repeat TACE treatment was available on an on-demand basis. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to assess the effect of early and late combination on OS and PFS.
Results
A total of 80 patients were enrolled in this study. The median OS was 22.1 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.8–30.5 months) and the median PFS was 15.7 months (95% CI: 14.7–16.6 months). The ORR was 58.8% (95% CI: 47.2–69.6) and DCR reached 81.2% (95% CI: 71.0–89.1). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses showed that TACE late combined with apatinib and camrelizumab provided better OS than early combination (HR = 0.175, 95% CI:0.060–0.509, P = 0.001), as did PFS (HR = 0.422, 95% CI:0.184–0.967, P = 0.041). All treatment-related adverse events were tolerable, and no serious adverse events were observed.
Conclusion
TACE combined with apatinib plus camrelizumab for patients with unresectable HCC has promising antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile. For unresectable HCC with large tumor burden, late combination provides better OS and PFS compared to early combination.
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Inoue M, Kim M, Inoue T, Tait M, Byrne T, Nitschké M, Murer P, Cha H, Subramanian A, De Silva N, Chiaverotti T, McDonald DM. Oncolytic vaccinia virus injected intravenously sensitizes pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and metastases to immune checkpoint blockade. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:299-318. [PMID: 35118189 PMCID: PMC8783073 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study determined the influence of intravenous (i.v.) oncolytic vaccinia virus mpJX-594 (mpJX) on antitumor activity of anti-programmed death receptor-1 antibody (aPD1) in functional and metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs). One i.v. dose of mpJX, engineered for mice with the same plasmid design as clinical virus Pexa-Vec, was administered alone or with repeated dosing of aPD1 (mpJX+aPD1) to two contrasting genetic models of PanNET: one developing benign insulin-secreting tumors (RIP1-Tag2;C57BL/6J mice) and the other developing liver metastases (RIP1-Tag2;AB6F1 mice). Experiments revealed that aPD1 had synergistic actions with mpJX on CD8+ T cell and natural killer (NK) cell influx, apoptosis, and suppression of proliferation in PanNETs. After mpJX+aPD1, the 53-fold increase in apoptosis (5 days) and 85% reduction in proliferation (20 days) exceeded the sum of mpJX and aPD1 given separately. mpJX+aPD1 also stabilized blood insulin and glucose in mice with functional PanNETs, regressed liver metastases in mice with aggressive PanNETs, and prolonged survival of both. The findings revealed that mpJX+aPD1 converted “cold” PanNETs into immunogenic tumors with widespread cytotoxic T cell influx, tumor cell killing, and suppression of proliferation. Reduction of tumor insulin secretion from functional PanNETs prolonged survival, and anti-metastatic actions on aggressive PanNETs reduced the metastatic burden to less than before treatment. The findings support the efficacy of the vaccinia virus with aPD1 for functional and metastatic PanNETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuko Inoue
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Room S1349, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Minah Kim
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Room S1349, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Tomoyoshi Inoue
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Room S1349, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Madeline Tait
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Room S1349, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Thomas Byrne
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Room S1349, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Maximilian Nitschké
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Room S1349, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Patrizia Murer
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Room S1349, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Howard Cha
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Room S1349, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Aishwarya Subramanian
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Room S1349, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Naomi De Silva
- SillaJen Biotherapeutics Inc., San Francisco, CA 94111, USA
| | | | - Donald M McDonald
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Room S1349, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
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Targeting oncogene and non-oncogene addiction to inflame the tumour microenvironment. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2022; 21:440-462. [PMID: 35292771 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the clinical management of multiple tumours. However, only a few patients respond to ICIs, which has generated considerable interest in the identification of resistance mechanisms. One such mechanism reflects the ability of various oncogenic pathways, as well as stress response pathways required for the survival of transformed cells (a situation commonly referred to as 'non-oncogene addiction'), to support tumour progression not only by providing malignant cells with survival and/or proliferation advantages, but also by establishing immunologically 'cold' tumour microenvironments (TMEs). Thus, both oncogene and non-oncogene addiction stand out as promising targets to robustly inflame the TME and potentially enable superior responses to ICIs.
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Yang Y, Zhang X, Gao Y, Dong Y, Wang D, Huang Y, Qu T, Fan B, Li Q, Zhang C, Cui X, Zhang B. Research progress in immunotherapy of NSCLC with EGFR sensitive mutations. Oncol Res 2022; 29:63-74. [PMID: 35236543 PMCID: PMC9110674 DOI: 10.3727/096504022x16462176651719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with high incidence and mortality across the world. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors for lung cancer has improved the prognosis of some lung cancer patients to a greater extent and provided a new direction for the clinical treatment of lung cancer. Immunotherapy still has limitations in terms of its appropriate population and adverse reactions. Particularly for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, there has been no major breakthrough in current immunotherapy. Whether immunotherapy can bring new benefits after drug resistance is induced by tyrosine kinase inhibitor-targeted therapy and whether the combination of immunotherapy with other treatments can improve the prognosis remain to be studied in depth. In this article, we provide a detailed review of the relevant characteristics of the tumor microenvironment of NSCLC with EGFR mutation and the current research on immunotherapy for NSCLC with EGFR mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudie Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Dalian Fifth Peoples Hospital, Dalian, 116021, China
| | - Yajie Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Yanping Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Tianhao Qu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Buqun Fan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Qizheng Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Chunxia Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Xiaonan Cui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
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Emerging Therapeutic Agents for Colorectal Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247463. [PMID: 34946546 PMCID: PMC8707340 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There are promising new therapeutic agents for CRC patients, including novel small-molecule inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockers. We focused on emerging CRC’s therapeutic agents that have shown the potential for progress in clinical practice. This review provides an overview of tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting VEGF and KIT, BRAF and MEK inhibitors, TLR9 agonist, STAT3 inhibitors, and immune checkpoint blockers (PD1/PDL-1 inhibitors), for which recent advances have been reported. These new agents have the potential to provide benefits to CRC patients with unmet medical needs.
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You Y, Guo X, Zhuang R, Zhang C, Wang Z, Shen F, Wang Y, Liu W, Zhang Y, Lu W, Hou Y, Wang J, Zhang X, Lu M, Zhou Y. Activity of PD-1 Inhibitor Combined With Anti-Angiogenic Therapy in Advanced Sarcoma: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:747650. [PMID: 34869583 PMCID: PMC8635153 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.747650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are employed to treat various cancers, including soft tissue sarcomas (STSs), and less than 20% of patients benefit from this treatment. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotes the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and contributes to ICI-resistant therapy. Anti-VEGF receptor tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) combined with ICIs have shown antitumor activity in patients with alveolar soft-part sarcoma (ASPS). However, they have not been extensively studied to treat other STS subtypes, such as leiomyosarcoma (LMS), dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS), undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), myxofibrosarcoma (MFS), and angiosarcoma (AS). Methods: In this retrospective study, we collected data from 61 patients who were diagnosed with advanced STS based on imaging and histology, including LMS, DDLPS, and UPS. Among them, 41 patients were treated with ICIs combined with TKIs and 20 patients received ICI therapy. The endpoints of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall response rate (ORR) were analyzed in the two groups, and the overall response [partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), and progressive disease (PD)] of each patient was determined using RECIST 1.1 evaluation criteria. Results: In total, 61 STS patients had the following subtypes: LMS (n = 20), DDLPS (n = 17), UPS (n = 8), ASPS (n = 7), MFS (n = 7), and AS (n = 2). The median PFS (mPFS) was significantly prolonged after ICI treatment in combination with TKIs (11.74 months, 95% CI 4.41–14.00) compared to ICI treatment alone (6.81 months, 95% CI 5.43–NA) (HR 0.5464, p = 0.043). The 12-month PFS rates of patients who received ICI–TKI treatment were increased from 20.26% (95% CI 0.08–0.53) to 42.90% (95% CI 0.27–0.68). In the combination therapy group, 12 patients (30%) achieved PR, 25 patients (62.5%) achieved SD, and 3 patients (7.5%) achieved PD for 3 months or longer. In the non-TKI-combination group, 2 patients (9.5%) achieved PR, 14 patients (66.7%) achieved SD, and 5 patients (23.8%) achieved PD within 3 months. The ORRs in the two groups were 30.0% (ICI–TKI combination) and 9.5% (ICI only), respectively. A notable ORR was observed in the ICI–TKI combination group, especially for subtypes ASPS (66.7%), MFS (42.9%), and UPS (33.3%). The PD-L1 expression (n = 33) and tumor mutation burden (TMB, n = 27) were determined for each patient. However, our results showed no significant difference in PFS or response rates between the two groups. Conclusion: This study suggests that ICI–TKI treatment has antitumor activity in patients with STS, particularly the ASPS and MFS subtypes. Moreover, effective biomarkers to predict clinical outcomes are urgently needed after combination therapy in the STS subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang You
- Oncology Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Guo
- Oncology Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Chenlu Zhang
- Oncology Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Oncology Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Shen
- Oncology Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Oncology Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenshuai Liu
- Oncology Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Oncology Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqi Lu
- Oncology Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyong Hou
- Oncology Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- GenomiCare Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- GenomiCare Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Minzhi Lu
- Oncology Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhong Zhou
- Oncology Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Establishment of an Immune-Related Gene Signature for Risk Stratification for Patients with Glioma. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2021; 2021:2191709. [PMID: 34497663 PMCID: PMC8420975 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2191709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is a frequently seen primary malignant intracranial tumor, characterized by poor prognosis. The study is aimed at constructing a prognostic model for risk stratification in patients suffering from glioma. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), integrated transcriptome analysis, and combining immune-related genes (IRGs) were used to identify core differentially expressed IRGs (DE IRGs). Subsequently, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were utilized to establish an immune-related risk score (IRRS) model for risk stratification for glioma patients. Furthermore, a nomogram was developed for predicting glioma patients' overall survival (OS). The turquoise module (cor = 0.67; P < 0.001) and its genes (n = 1092) were significantly pertinent to glioma progression. Ultimately, multivariate Cox regression analysis constructed an IRRS model based on VEGFA, SOCS3, SPP1, and TGFB2 core DE IRGs, with a C-index of 0.811 (95% CI: 0.786-0.836). Then, Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival curves revealed that patients presenting high risk had a dismal outcome (P < 0.0001). Also, this IRRS model was found to be an independent prognostic indicator of gliomas' survival prediction, with HR of 1.89 (95% CI: 1.252-2.85) and 2.17 (95% CI: 1.493-3.14) in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) datasets, respectively. We established the IRRS prognostic model, capable of effectively stratifying glioma population, convenient for decision-making in clinical practice.
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The metabolic flexibility of quiescent CSC: implications for chemotherapy resistance. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:835. [PMID: 34482364 PMCID: PMC8418609 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Quiescence has been observed in stem cells (SCs), including adult SCs and cancer SCs (CSCs). Conventional chemotherapies mostly target proliferating cancer cells, while the quiescent state favors CSCs escape to chemotherapeutic drugs, leaving risks for tumor recurrence or metastasis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) provides various signals that maintain resident quiescent CSCs, protect them from immune surveillance, and facilitates their recurrence potential. Since the TME has the potential to support and initiate stem cell-like programs in cancer cells, targeting the TME components may prove to be a powerful modality for the treatment of chemotherapy resistance. In addition, an increasing number of studies have discovered that CSCs exhibit the potential of metabolic flexibility when metabolic substrates are limited, and display increased robustness in response to stress. Accompanied by chemotherapy that targets proliferative cancer cells, treatments that modulate CSC quiescence through the regulation of metabolic pathways also show promise. In this review, we focus on the roles of metabolic flexibility and the TME on CSCs quiescence and further discuss potential treatments of targeting CSCs and the TME to limit chemotherapy resistance.
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Xie C, Zhou X, Liang C, Li X, Ge M, Chen Y, Yin J, Zhu J, Zhong C. Apatinib triggers autophagic and apoptotic cell death via VEGFR2/STAT3/PD-L1 and ROS/Nrf2/p62 signaling in lung cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:266. [PMID: 34429133 PMCID: PMC8385858 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02069-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Recently, a variety of clinical trials have shown that apatinib, a small-molecule anti-angiogenic drug, exerts promising inhibitory effects on multiple solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the underlying molecular mechanism of apatinib on NSCLC remains unclear. Methods MTT, EdU, AO/EB staining, TUNEL staining, flow cytometry, colony formation assays were performed to investigate the effects of apatinib on cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and cancer stem like properties. Wound healing and transwell assays were conducted to explore the role of apatinib on migration and invasion. The regulation of apatinib on VEGFR2/STAT3/PD-L1 and ROS/Nrf2/p62 signaling were detected. Furthermore, we collected conditioned medium (CM) from A549 and H1299 cells to stimulate phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-activated THP-1 cells, and examined the effect of apatinib on PD-L1 expression in macrophages. The Jurkat T cells and NSCLC cells co-culture model was used to assess the effect of apatinib on T cells activation. Subcutaneous tumor formation models were established to evaluate the effects of apatinib in vivo. Histochemical, immunohistochemical staining and ELISA assay were used to examine the levels of signaling molecules in tumors. Results We showed that apatinib inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in NSCLC cells in vitro. Apatinib induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and suppressed the expression of Cyclin D1 and CDK4. Moreover, apatinib upregulated Cleaved Caspase 3, Cleaved Caspase 9 and Bax, and downregulated Bcl-2 in NSCLC cells. The colony formation ability and the number of CD133 positive cells were significantly decreased by apatinib, suggesting that apatinib inhibited the malignant and stem-like features of NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, apatinib inhibited PD-L1 and c-Myc expression by targeting VEGFR2/STAT3 signaling. Apatinib also inhibited PD-L1 expression in THP-1 derived macrophages stimulated by CM from NSCLC cells. Furthermore, apatinib pretreatment increased CD69 expression and IFN-γ secretion in stimulated Jurkat T cells co-cultured with NSCLC cells. Apatinib also promoted ROS production and inhibited Nrf2 and p62 expression, leading to the autophagic and apoptotic cell death in NSCLC. Moreover, apatinib significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion Our data indicated that apatinib induced autophagy and apoptosis in NSCLC via regulating VEGFR2/STAT3/PD-L1 and ROS/Nrf2/p62 signaling. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02069-4. Apatinib suppressed proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibited malignancy in NSCLC in vitro and in vivo. Apatinib downregulated PD-L1 and c-Myc in NSCLC through VEGFR2/STAT3 pathway. Apatinib inhibited PD-L1 expression in THP-1 derived macrophages stimulated by the conditioned medium from NSCLC cells and partially restored the activation of Jurkat T cells co-cultured with NSCLC cells. Apatinib induced ROS generation and inhibited Nrf2 and p62 expression, leading to the autophagic and apoptotic cell death in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfeng Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chunhua Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Miaomiao Ge
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Juan Yin
- Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Rd, Suzhou, 215008, China
| | - Jianyun Zhu
- Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Rd, Suzhou, 215008, China.
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China. .,Cancer Research Division, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang W, Zhang C, Yang S, Chen Q, Wang C, Guo Q. Immune checkpoint inhibitors plus anlotinib versus anlotinib alone as third-line treatment in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective study. Future Oncol 2021; 17:4091-4099. [PMID: 34254526 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-0649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) plus anlotinib versus anlotinib alone to provide guidance for clinical treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. Patients & methods: The records of 139 patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer who received at least one dose of ICIs plus anlotinib (IA group) or single-agent anlotinib (AA group) were retrospectively reviewed. The efficacy of the treatments, survival outcomes and adverse events were analyzed. The primary end point was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS). Result: The IA group had a significantly prolonged median PFS (mPFS: 5.8 vs 4.2 months; p = 0.022) compared with the AA group (hazard ratio: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.68-0.97). In patients with brain metastases, the IA group exhibited improved efficacy (mPFS: 6.0 vs 3.8 months; p = 0.034) compared with the AA group (hazard ratio: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.23-1.05). Conclusion: ICIs plus anlotinib significantly improved efficacy compared with anlotinib alone and showed substantial potential for the control of intracranial lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, China.,Shandong Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Chufeng Zhang
- Shandong Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Shengjie Yang
- Shandong Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Shandong Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Shandong Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Qisen Guo
- Shandong Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
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Zhen Z, Shen Z, Hu Y, Sun P. Screening and identification of angiogenesis-related genes as potential novel prognostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma through bioinformatics analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:17707-17733. [PMID: 34252885 PMCID: PMC8312452 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality, which makes the prognostic prediction challenging. Angiogenesis appears to be of critical importance in the progression and metastasis of HCC. Some of the angiogenesis-related genes promote this process, while other anti-angiogenesis genes suppress tumor growth and metastasis. Therefore, the comprehensive prognostic value of multiple angiogenesis-related genes in HCC needs to be further clarified. In this study, the mRNA expression profile of HCC patients and the corresponding clinical data were acquired from multiple public databases. Univariate Cox regression analysis was utilized to screen out differentially expressed angiogenesis-related genes with prognostic value. A multigene signature was established with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression in the Cancer Genome Atlas cohort, and validated through an independent cohort. The results suggested that a total of 16 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were associated with overall survival (OS) and a 7-gene signature was constructed. The risk score of each patient was calculated using this signature, the median value of which was used to divide these patients into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. Compared with the low-risk group, the patients in the high-risk group had a poor prognosis. The risk score was an independent predictor for OS through multivariate Cox regression analysis. Then, unsupervised learning was used to verify the validity of this 7-gene signature. A nomogram by further integrating clinical information and the prognostic signature was utilized to predict prognostic risk and individual OS. Functional enrichment analyses demonstrated that these DEGs were enriched in the pathways of cell proliferation and mitosis, and the immune cell infiltration was significantly different between the two risk groups. In summary, a novel angiogenesis-related genes signature could be used to predict the prognosis of HCC and for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Zhen
- Center for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.,Department of General Surgery, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.,Department of Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhemin Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.,Department of Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanmei Hu
- Department of Paediatrics, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Peilong Sun
- Center for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.,Department of General Surgery, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
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Fu Y, Peng Y, Zhao S, Mou J, Zeng L, Jiang X, Yang C, Huang C, Li Y, Lu Y, Wu M, Yang Y, Kong T, Lai Q, Wu Y, Yao Y, Wang Y, Gou L, Yang J. Combination Foretinib and Anti-PD-1 Antibody Immunotherapy for Colorectal Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:689727. [PMID: 34307367 PMCID: PMC8298272 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.689727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have achieved unprecedented success in cancer immunotherapy. However, the overall response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for many cancers is only between 20 and 40%, and even less for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient immunotherapeutic strategy for CRC. Here, we developed a novel CRC combination therapy consisting of a multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (Foretinib) and anti-PD-1 antibody. The combination therapy significantly inhibited tumor growth in mice, led to improved tumor regression without relapse (83% for CT26 tumors and 50% for MC38 tumors) and prolonged overall survival. Mechanistically, Foretinib caused increased levels of PD-L1 via activating the JAK2-STAT1 pathway, which could improve the effectiveness of the immune checkpoint inhibitor. Moreover, the combination therapy remodeled the tumor microenvironment and enhanced anti-tumor immunity by further increasing the infiltration and improving the function of T cells, decreasing the percentage of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and inhibiting their polarization toward the M2 phenotype. Furthermore, the combination therapy inhibited the metastasis of CT26-Luc tumors to the lung in BALB/c mouse by reducing proportions of regulatory T-cells, TAMs and M2 phenotype TAMs in their lungs. This study suggests that a novel combination therapy utilizing both Foretinib and anti-PD-1 antibody could be an effective combination strategy for CRC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujia Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Mou
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Vaccine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lishi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengdan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinhuai Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangping Wu
- Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqin Yao
- West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center/No. 4 West China Teaching Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lantu Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Al-Ostoot FH, Salah S, Khamees HA, Khanum SA. Tumor angiogenesis: Current challenges and therapeutic opportunities. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2021; 28:100422. [PMID: 34147821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2021.100422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays an important role in the development of cancer since it allows for the delivery of oxygen, nutrients, and growth factors as well as tumor dissemination to distant organs. Inhibition of angiogenesis is an important strategy for the prevention of multiple solid tumors that depend on cutting or at least reducing the blood supply to tumor micro-regions, resulting in pan-hypoxia and pan-necrosis within solid tumor tissues. These drugs are an important part of treatment for some types of cancer. As a stand-alone therapy, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis can arrest or halt tumor growth, but will not eliminate the tumor. Therefore, anti-angiogenic drugs in combinations with another anti-cancer treatment method, like chemotherapy, lead to being critical for optimum cancer patient outcomes. Over the last two decades, investigations have been made to improve the efficacy of anti-angiogenic drugs, recognize their potential in drug interactions, and come up with plausible explanations for possible treatment resistance. This review will offer an overview of the varying concepts of tumor angiogenesis, several important angiogenic factors; focus on the role of anti-angiogenesis strategies in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Hezam Al-Ostoot
- Department of Chemistry, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Education & Science, Al-Baydha University, Baydha, Yemen.
| | - Salma Salah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
| | - Hussien Ahmed Khamees
- Department of Studies in Physics, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - Shaukath Ara Khanum
- Department of Chemistry, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India.
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49
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Abundance of Microvascular Endothelial Cells Is Associated with Response to Chemotherapy and Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061477. [PMID: 33807015 PMCID: PMC8004880 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The generation of pathologic, immature, and dysfunctional vessels by angiogenesis is a well-known mechanism of metastasis and has been a therapeutic target for colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we investigated the clinical relevance of microvascular endothelial (mvE) cells in CRC by analyzing tumor gene expression profiles of large patient cohorts. We found that the abundance of mvE cells does not mirror angiogenesis, but rather is associated with the number of mature blood vessels in the tumor microenvironment and predicts the response to chemotherapy as well as patient survival in CRC. This is the first study suggesting the clinical relevance of mvE cells in CRC. Abstract The generation of pathologic, immature, and dysfunctional vessels by angiogenesis is a mechanism of metastasis that has been a therapeutic target for colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we investigated the clinical relevance of intra-tumoral microvascular endothelial (mvE) cells in CRC using the xCell algorithm on transcriptome. A total of 1244 CRC patients in discovery and validation cohorts were analyzed. We found that an abundance of mvE cells did not mirror angiogenesis but reflected mature blood vessels because it was significantly associated with a high expression of vascular stability-related genes, including sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor genes and pericytes. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition and myogenesis gene sets were enriched in mvE cell abundant CRC, while mvE cell-less CRC enriched cell proliferation, oxidative phosphorylation, and protein secretion gene sets. mvE cell abundant CRC was associated with infiltration of M2 macrophages, dendritic cells, and less gamma-delta T cells (all p < 0.001), but not with the interferon-γ response. mvE cell abundant CRC was significantly associated with worse patient survival in CRC. Interestingly, mvE cell abundant CRC was significantly associated with a high response rate to chemotherapy (p = 0.012) and worse patient survival for those that did not receive chemotherapy. However, there was no survival difference in patients who underwent chemotherapy. In conclusion, we estimated the abundance of mvE cells using the xCell algorithm on tumor transcriptome finding its association with the number of mature blood vessels in a tumor microenvironment and its ability to predict response to chemotherapy, thereby patient survival in CRC.
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Petroni G, Buqué A, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Immunomodulation by targeted anticancer agents. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:310-345. [PMID: 33338426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
At odds with conventional chemotherapeutics, targeted anticancer agents are designed to inhibit precise molecular alterations that support oncogenesis or tumor progression. Despite such an elevated degree of molecular specificity, many clinically employed and experimental targeted anticancer agents also mediate immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive effects that (at least in some settings) influence therapeutic efficacy. Here, we discuss the main immunomodulatory effects of targeted anticancer agents and explore potential avenues to harness them in support of superior clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Petroni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aitziber Buqué
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France; INSERM U1015, Villejuif, France; Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France; Faculty of Medicine, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France; Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Université de Paris, Paris, France.
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