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Wang C, Wang J, Zhu Z, Hu J, Lin Y. Spotlight on pro-inflammatory chemokines: regulators of cellular communication in cognitive impairment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1421076. [PMID: 39011039 PMCID: PMC11247373 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1421076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a decline in people's ability to think, learn, and remember, and so forth. Cognitive impairment is a global health challenge that affects the quality of life of thousands of people. The condition covers a wide range from mild cognitive impairment to severe dementia, which includes Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), among others. While the etiology of cognitive impairment is diverse, the role of chemokines is increasingly evident, especially in the presence of chronic inflammation and neuroinflammation. Although inflammatory chemokines have been linked to cognitive impairment, cognitive impairment is usually multifactorial. Researchers are exploring the role of chemokines and other inflammatory mediators in cognitive dysfunction and trying to develop therapeutic strategies to mitigate their effects. The pathogenesis of cognitive disorders is very complex, their underlying causative mechanisms have not been clarified, and their treatment is always one of the challenges in the field of medicine. Therefore, exploring its pathogenesis and treatment has important socioeconomic value. Chemokines are a growing family of structurally and functionally related small (8-10 kDa) proteins, and there is growing evidence that pro-inflammatory chemokines are associated with many neurobiological processes that may be relevant to neurological disorders beyond their classical chemotactic function and play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of cognitive disorders. In this paper, we review the roles and regulatory mechanisms of pro-inflammatory chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL11, CCL20, and CXCL8) in cognitive impairment. We also discuss the intrinsic relationship between the two, hoping to provide some valuable references for the treatment of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhichao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jialing Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of GanNan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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Wang K, Zhu W, Huang W, Huang K, Luo H, Long L, Yi B. TRIM Expression in HNSCC: Exploring the Link Between Ubiquitination, Immune Infiltration, and Signaling Pathways Through Bioinformatics. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:2389-2405. [PMID: 38808201 PMCID: PMC11132118 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s463286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Ubiquitination is an important post-translational modification. However, the significance of the TRIM family of E3 ubiquitin ligases in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has not been determined. In this study, the roles of TRIM E3 ubiquitin ligases in lymphovascular invasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) were evaluated. Materials and Methods TRIM expression and related parameters were obtained from UbiBrowser2.0, UALCAN, TIMER, TISIDB, LinkedOmics, STRING, and GeneMANIA databases. Immunohistochemistry was used to confirm their expression. Results TRIM2, TRIM11, TRIM28, and TRIM56 were upregulated in HNSCC with lymphovascular invasion. TRIM expression was strongly associated with immune infiltration, including key treatment targets, like PD-1 and CTL4. Co-expressed genes and possible ubiquitination substrates included tumor-related factors. The TRIMs had predicted roles in ubiquitination-related pathways and vital signaling pathways, eg, MAPK, PI3K-Akt, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Conclusion Ubiquitination mediated by four TRIMs might be involved in the regulation of tumor immunity, laying the foundation for future studies of the roles of the TRIM family on the prediction and personalized medicine in HNSCC. The four TRIMs might exert oncogenic effects by promoting lymphovascular invasion in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kangkang Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huidan Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Long
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
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Kött J, Hoehne IL, Heidrich I, Zimmermann N, Reese KL, Zell T, Geidel G, Rünger A, Schneider SW, Pantel K, Smit DJ, Gebhardt C. High Serum Levels of CCL20 Are Associated with Recurrence and Unfavorable Overall Survival in Advanced Melanoma Patients Receiving Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1737. [PMID: 38730689 PMCID: PMC11083498 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibition has revolutionized melanoma therapy, but many patients show primary or secondary resistance. Biomarkers are, therefore, urgently required to predict response prior to the initiation of therapy and to monitor disease progression. METHODS In this prospective study, we analyzed the serum C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) concentration using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Blood was obtained at baseline before the initiation of immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 monotherapy or Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in advanced melanoma patients (stages III and IV) enrolled at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf. The CCL20 levels were correlated with clinico-pathological parameters and disease-related outcomes. RESULTS An increased C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) concentration (≥0.34 pg/mL) at baseline was associated with a significantly impaired progression-free survival (PFS) in the high-CCL20 group (3 months (95% CI: 2-6 months) vs. 11 months (95% CI: 6-26 months)) (p = 0.0033) and could be identified as an independent negative prognostic factor for PFS in univariate (Hazard Ratio (HR): 1.98, 95% CI 1.25-3.12, p = 0.004) and multivariate (HR: 1.99, 95% CI 1.21-3.29, p = 0.007) Cox regression analysis, which was associated with a higher risk than S100 (HR: 1.74). Moreover, high CCL20 levels were associated with impaired overall survival (median OS not reached for low-CCL20 group, p = 0.042) with an HR of 1.85 (95% CI 1.02-3.37, p = 0.043) in univariate analysis similar to the established prognostic marker S100 (HR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.02-3.88, p = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS CCL20 may represent a novel blood-based biomarker for the prediction of resistance to immunotherapy that can be used in combination with established strong clinical predictors (e.g., ECOG performance score) and laboratory markers (e.g., S100) in advanced melanoma patients. Future prospective randomized trials are needed to establish CCL20 as a liquid biopsy-based biomarker in advanced melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Kött
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (I.L.H.); (I.H.); (N.Z.); (T.Z.); (G.G.); (A.R.); (S.W.S.)
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (K.P.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Inka Lilott Hoehne
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (I.L.H.); (I.H.); (N.Z.); (T.Z.); (G.G.); (A.R.); (S.W.S.)
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (K.P.); (D.J.S.)
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Isabel Heidrich
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (I.L.H.); (I.H.); (N.Z.); (T.Z.); (G.G.); (A.R.); (S.W.S.)
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (K.P.); (D.J.S.)
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Noah Zimmermann
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (I.L.H.); (I.H.); (N.Z.); (T.Z.); (G.G.); (A.R.); (S.W.S.)
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (K.P.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Kim-Lea Reese
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Tim Zell
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (I.L.H.); (I.H.); (N.Z.); (T.Z.); (G.G.); (A.R.); (S.W.S.)
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (K.P.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Glenn Geidel
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (I.L.H.); (I.H.); (N.Z.); (T.Z.); (G.G.); (A.R.); (S.W.S.)
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (K.P.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Alessandra Rünger
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (I.L.H.); (I.H.); (N.Z.); (T.Z.); (G.G.); (A.R.); (S.W.S.)
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (K.P.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Stefan W. Schneider
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (I.L.H.); (I.H.); (N.Z.); (T.Z.); (G.G.); (A.R.); (S.W.S.)
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (K.P.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (K.P.); (D.J.S.)
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Daniel J. Smit
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (K.P.); (D.J.S.)
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Christoffer Gebhardt
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (I.L.H.); (I.H.); (N.Z.); (T.Z.); (G.G.); (A.R.); (S.W.S.)
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (K.P.); (D.J.S.)
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Liang J, Liao L, Xie L, Tang W, Yu X, Lu Y, Chen H, Xu J, Sun L, Wu H, Cui C, Tan Y. PITPNC1 Suppress CD8 + T cell immune function and promote radioresistance in rectal cancer by modulating FASN/CD155. J Transl Med 2024; 22:117. [PMID: 38291470 PMCID: PMC10826121 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04931-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radioresistance is a primary factor contributing to the failure of rectal cancer treatment. Immune suppression plays a significant role in the development of radioresistance. We have investigated the potential role of phosphatidylinositol transfer protein cytoplasmic 1 (PITPNC1) in regulating immune suppression associated with radioresistance. METHODS To elucidate the mechanisms by which PITPNC1 influences radioresistance, we established HT29, SW480, and MC38 radioresistant cell lines. The relationship between radioresistance and changes in the proportion of immune cells was verified through subcutaneous tumor models and flow cytometry. Changes in the expression levels of PITPNC1, FASN, and CD155 were determined using immunohistochemistry and western blotting techniques. The interplay between these proteins was investigated using immunofluorescence co-localization and immunoprecipitation assays. Additionally, siRNA and lentivirus-mediated gene knockdown or overexpression, as well as co-culture of tumor cells with PBMCs or CD8+ T cells and establishment of stable transgenic cell lines in vivo, were employed to validate the impact of the PITPNC1/FASN/CD155 pathway on CD8+ T cell immune function. RESULTS Under irradiation, the apoptosis rate and expression of apoptosis-related proteins in radioresistant colorectal cancer cell lines were significantly decreased, while the cell proliferation rate increased. In radioresistant tumor-bearing mice, the proportion of CD8+ T cells and IFN-γ production within immune cells decreased. Immunohistochemical analysis of human and animal tissue specimens resistant to radiotherapy showed a significant increase in the expression levels of PITPNC1, FASN, and CD155. Gene knockdown and rescue experiments demonstrated that PITPNC1 can regulate the expression of CD155 on the surface of tumor cells through FASN. In addition, co-culture experiments and in vivo tumor-bearing experiments have shown that silencing PITPNC1 can inhibit FASN/CD155, enhance CD8+ T cell immune function, promote colorectal cancer cell death, and ultimately reduce radioresistance in tumor-bearing models. CONCLUSIONS PITPNC1 regulates the expression of CD155 through FASN, inhibits CD8+ T cell immune function, and promotes radioresistance in rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxian Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limin Liao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lang Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - WenWen Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinghao Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongzhen Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanli Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanmei Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhui Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yujing Tan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Song D, Ding Y. A new target of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy: regulatory T cells. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1330099. [PMID: 38259489 PMCID: PMC10800811 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1330099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one important treatment for malignant tumours. It is widely believed today that radiotherapy has not only been used as a local tumour treatment method, but also can induce systemic anti-tumour responses by influencing the tumour microenvironment, but its efficacy is limited by the tumour immunosuppression microenvironment. With the advancement of technology, immunotherapy has entered a golden age of rapid development, gradually occupying a place in clinical tumour treatment. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) widely distributing in the tumour microenvironment play an important role in mediating tumour development. This article analyzes immunotherapy, the interaction between Tregs, tumours and radiotherapy. It briefly introduces immunotherapies targeting Tregs, aiming to provide new strategies for radiotherapy combined with Immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yun Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
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He J, Yan Y, Zhang J, Wei Z, Li H, Xing L. Synergistic treatment strategy: combining CAR-NK cell therapy and radiotherapy to combat solid tumors. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1298683. [PMID: 38162672 PMCID: PMC10755030 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1298683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, notably chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modified natural killer (NK) cell therapy, has shown exciting promise in the treatment of hematologic malignancies due to its unique advantages including fewer side effects, diverse activation mechanisms, and wide availability. However, CAR-NK cell therapies have demonstrated limited efficacy against solid tumors, primarily due to challenges posed by the solid tumor microenvironment. In contrast, radiotherapy, a well-established treatment modality, has been proven to modulate the tumor microenvironment and facilitate immune cell infiltration. With these observations, we hypothesize that a novel therapeutic strategy integrating CAR-NK cell therapy with radiotherapy could enhance the ability to treat solid tumors. This hypothesis aims to address the obstacles CAR-NK cell therapies face within the solid tumor microenvironment and explore the potential efficacy of their combination with radiotherapy. By capitalizing on the synergistic advantages of CAR-NK cell therapy and radiotherapy, we posit that this could lead to improved prognoses for patients with solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yushan Yan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Asclepius (Soochow) Technology Company Group, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiming Wei
- Asclepius (Soochow) Technology Company Group, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huashun Li
- Asclepius (Soochow) Technology Company Group, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ligang Xing
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Tsutsui K, Nakayama M, Ogasawara S, Akiba J, Kondo R, Mihara Y, Yano Y, Mizuochi S, Kinjo Y, Murotani K, Yano H. Clinicopathological characteristics and molecular analysis of lymphocyte-rich hepatocellular carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2023; 141:43-53. [PMID: 37742944 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Lymphocyte-rich hepatocellular carcinoma (LR-HCC), a newly proposed subtype of HCC, is characterized with abundant lymphocyte infiltration in the tumor. LR-HCC has a relatively good prognosis and is quite rare (<1% of all HCC). We examined LR-HCC clinicopathological and molecular characteristics by analyzing 451 surgically resected HCC cases without any prior treatment history at our hospital between 2012 and 2021. Clinicopathological features of LR-HCC and other HCCs (non-LR-HCC) were compared. Neoplastic and nonneoplastic hepatocytes from LR-HCC (n = 4) were collected with a laser microdissection system; RNA was extracted, followed by microarray analysis to examine lymphocytic infiltration-related molecular targets. Immunohistochemical staining of identified molecular target was performed in LR-HCC and non-LR-HCC. CD3, CD20, and CD8 immunostaining was also performed in LR-HCCs. There were 28 cases of LR-HCC (6%). No statistically significant differences were found in clinicopathological features, except for gross type, between LR-HCC and non-LR-HCC cases. The LR-HCC 5-year survival rate was >90%. Microarray analysis revealed high CCL20 expression in LR-HCC cases; immunohistochemical study showed significantly higher CCL20 expression in LR-HCC (P < 0.01) than in non-LR-HCC. CCR6, the only CCL20 receptor, was observed in infiltrating lymphocytes and HCC cells in LR-HCC. There were significantly more CD3-positive cells than CD20-positive cells (P < 0.0001) in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, most of which were CD8-positive T cells. In conclusion, there were no significant differences in clinicopathological characteristics between LR-HCC and non-LR-HCC, except for gross and LR microscopic features. CCL20 expression in LR-HCC may contribute to infiltration of large numbers of CD8-positive lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Tsutsui
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Masamichi Nakayama
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Sachiko Ogasawara
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Jun Akiba
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Reiichiro Kondo
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Yutaro Mihara
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Yuta Yano
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Shinji Mizuochi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Yoshinao Kinjo
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Kenta Murotani
- Biostatistics Center, Kurume University, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Hirohisa Yano
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
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An L, Li M, Jia Q. Mechanisms of radiotherapy resistance and radiosensitization strategies for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:140. [PMID: 37598158 PMCID: PMC10439611 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01839-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the sixth most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with more than half of them occurred in China. Radiotherapy (RT) has been widely used for treating ESCC. However, radiation-induced DNA damage response (DDR) can promote the release of cytokines and chemokines, and triggers inflammatory reactions and changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby inhibiting the immune function and causing the invasion and metastasis of ESCC. Radioresistance is the major cause of disease progression and mortality in cancer, and it is associated with heterogeneity. Therefore, a better understanding of the radioresistance mechanisms may generate more reversal strategies to improve the cure rates and survival periods of ESCC patients. We mainly summarized the possible mechanisms of radioresistance in order to reveal new targets for ESCC therapy. Then we summarized and compared the current strategies to reverse radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbo An
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- College of Medical Technology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Qingge Jia
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
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Tanaka T, Kitamura K, Suzuki H, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Establishment of a Novel Anti-Human CCR6 Monoclonal Antibody C 6Mab-19 with the High Binding Affinity in Flow Cytometry. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2023; 42:117-124. [PMID: 37428612 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2023.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
CC chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) is a member of the G-protein-coupled receptor family that is highly expressed in B lymphocytes, effector and memory T cells, regulatory T cells, and immature dendritic cells. CCR6 has been revealed to have important functions in many pathological conditions, such as cancer, intestinal bowel disease, psoriasis, and autoimmune diseases. The only CCR6 chemokine ligand, CC motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20), is also involved in pathogenesis by interacting with CCR6. The CCL20/CCR6 axis is drawing attention as an attractive therapeutic target for various diseases. In this study, we developed novel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against human CCR6 (hCCR6) using the peptide immunization method, which are applicable to flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. The established anti-hCCR6 mAb, clone C6Mab-19 (mouse IgG1, kappa), reacted with hCCR6-overexpressed Chinese hamster ovary-K1 (CHO/hCCR6), human liver carcinoma (HepG2), and human differentiated hepatoma (HuH-7) cells in flow cytometry. The dissociation constant (KD) of C6Mab-19 was determined as 3.0 × 10-10 M for CHO/hCCR6, 6.9 × 10-10 M for HepG2, and 1.8 × 10-10 M for HuH-7. Thus, C6Mab-19 could bind to exogenously and endogenously expressed hCCR6 with extremely high affinity. Furthermore, C6Mab-19 could stain formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lymph node tissues from a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma by immunohistochemistry. Therefore, C6Mab-19 is suitable for detecting hCCR6-expressing cells and tissues and could be useful for pathological analysis and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kaishi Kitamura
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Tanaka T, Tawara M, Suzuki H, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Identification of the Binding Epitope of an Anti-Mouse CCR6 Monoclonal Antibody (C 6Mab-13) Using 1× Alanine Scanning. Antibodies (Basel) 2023; 12:antib12020032. [PMID: 37218898 DOI: 10.3390/antib12020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
CC chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) is one of the members of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family that is upregulated in many immune-related cells, such as B lymphocytes, effector and memory T cells, regulatory T cells, and immature dendritic cells. The coordination between CCR6 and its ligand CC motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) is deeply involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, such as cancer, psoriasis, and autoimmune diseases. Thus, CCR6 is an attractive target for therapy and is being investigated as a diagnostic marker for various diseases. In a previous study, we developed an anti-mouse CCR6 (mCCR6) monoclonal antibody (mAb), C6Mab-13 (rat IgG1, kappa), that was applicable for flow cytometry by immunizing a rat with the N-terminal peptide of mCCR6. In this study, we investigated the binding epitope of C6Mab-13 using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) method, which were conducted with respect to the synthesized point-mutated-peptides within the 1-20 amino acid region of mCCR6. In the ELISA results, C6Mab-13 lost its ability to react to the alanine-substituted peptide of mCCR6 at Asp11, thereby identifying Asp11 as the epitope of C6Mab-13. In our SPR analysis, the dissociation constants (KD) could not be calculated for the G9A and D11A mutants due to the lack of binding. The SPR analysis demonstrated that the C6Mab-13 epitope comprises Gly9 and Asp11. Taken together, the key binding epitope of C6Mab-13 was determined to be located around Asp11 on mCCR6. Based on the epitope information, C6Mab-13 could be useful for further functional analysis of mCCR6 in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mayuki Tawara
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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Ding Y, Chu L, Cao Q, Lei H, Li X, Zhuang Q. A meta-validated immune infiltration-related gene model predicts prognosis and immunotherapy sensitivity in HNSCC. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:45. [PMID: 36639648 PMCID: PMC9837972 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10532-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor microenvironment (TME) is of great importance to regulate the initiation and advance of cancer. The immune infiltration patterns of TME have been considered to impact the prognosis and immunotherapy sensitivity in Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Whereas, specific molecular targets and cell components involved in the HNSCC tumor microenvironment remain a twilight zone. METHODS Immune scores of TCGA-HNSCC patients were calculated via ESTIMATE algorithm, followed by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to filter immune infiltration-related gene modules. Univariate, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and multivariate cox regression were applied to construct the prognostic model. The predictive capacity was validated by meta-analysis including external dataset GSE65858, GSE41613 and GSE686. Model candidate genes were verified at mRNA and protein levels using public database and independent specimens of immunohistochemistry. Immunotherapy-treated cohort GSE159067, TIDE and CIBERSORT were used to evaluate the features of immunotherapy responsiveness and immune infiltration in HNSCC. RESULTS Immune microenvironment was significantly associated with the prognosis of HNSCC patients. Total 277 immune infiltration-related genes were filtered by WGCNA and involved in various immune processes. Cox regression identified nine prognostic immune infiltration-related genes (MORF4L2, CTSL1, TBC1D2, C5orf15, LIPA, WIPF1, CXCL13, TMEM173, ISG20) to build a risk score. Most candidate genes were highly expressed in HNSCC tissues at mRNA and protein levels. Survival meta-analysis illustrated high prognostic accuracy of the model in the discovery cohort and validation cohort. Higher proportion of progression-free outcomes, lower TIDE scores and higher expression levels of immune checkpoint genes indicated enhanced immunotherapy responsiveness in low-risk patients. Decreased memory B cells, CD8+ T cells, follicular helper T cells, regulatory T cells, and increased activated dendritic cells and activated mast cells were identified as crucial immune cells in the TME of high-risk patients. CONCLUSIONS The immune infiltration-related gene model was well-qualified and provided novel biomarkers for the prognosis of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghe Ding
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Transplantation Center, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Ling Chu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Pathology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Qingtai Cao
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Transplantation Center, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Hanyu Lei
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Transplantation Center, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Xinyu Li
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Transplantation Center, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Quan Zhuang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Transplantation Center, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China ,Research Center of National Health Ministry on Transplantation Medicine, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
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