1
|
Xu Y, Ge LL, Cheng XF, Xiang XL, Wen XL, Wang YJ, Fu H, Ge YL, Xi YL. Temporal Distribution Patterns of Cryptic Brachionus calyciflorus (Rotifera) Species in Relation to Biogeographical Gradient Associated with Latitude. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:244. [PMID: 38254413 PMCID: PMC10812649 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Sympatric distribution and temporal overlap of cryptic zooplankton species pose a challenge to the framework of the niche differentiation theory and the mechanisms allowing competitor coexistence. We applied the methods of phylogenetic analysis, DNA taxonomy, and statistical analysis to study the temporal distribution patterns of the cryptic B. calyciflorus species, an excellent model, in three lakes, and to explore the putative mechanisms for their seasonal succession and temporal overlap. The results showed that in the warm-temperate Lake Yunlong, B. fernandoi and B. calyciflorus s.s. underwent a seasonal succession, which was largely attributed to their differential adaptation to water temperature. In the subtropical Lake Jinghu, B. fernandoi, B. calyciflorus s.s., and B. dorcas exhibited both seasonal succession and temporal overlap. Seasonal successions were largely attributed to their differential adaptation to temperature, and temporal overlap resulted from their differential responses to algal food concentration. In the tropical Lake Jinniu, B. calyciflorus s.s. persisted throughout the year and overlapped with B. dorcas for 5 months. The temporal overlap resulted from their differential responses to copepod predation. These results indicated that the temporal distribution pattern of the cryptic B. calyciforus species and the mechanism that allows competitor coexistence vary with different climate zones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; (Y.X.); (L.-L.G.); (X.-F.C.); (X.-L.X.); (X.-L.W.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Funded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Le-Le Ge
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; (Y.X.); (L.-L.G.); (X.-F.C.); (X.-L.X.); (X.-L.W.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Funded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xin-Feng Cheng
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; (Y.X.); (L.-L.G.); (X.-F.C.); (X.-L.X.); (X.-L.W.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Funded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xian-Ling Xiang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; (Y.X.); (L.-L.G.); (X.-F.C.); (X.-L.X.); (X.-L.W.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Funded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xin-Li Wen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; (Y.X.); (L.-L.G.); (X.-F.C.); (X.-L.X.); (X.-L.W.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Funded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yong-Jin Wang
- Management Committee of Scenic Attraction of Lake Yunlong, Xuzhou 221007, China;
| | - Hao Fu
- Reservoir Management Office of Lake Yunlong, Xuzhou 221007, China;
| | - Ya-Li Ge
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; (Y.X.); (L.-L.G.); (X.-F.C.); (X.-L.X.); (X.-L.W.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Funded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yi-Long Xi
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; (Y.X.); (L.-L.G.); (X.-F.C.); (X.-L.X.); (X.-L.W.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Funded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kiemel K, Gurke M, Paraskevopoulou S, Havenstein K, Weithoff G, Tiedemann R. Variation in heat shock protein 40 kDa relates to divergence in thermotolerance among cryptic rotifer species. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22626. [PMID: 36587065 PMCID: PMC9805463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27137-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic divergence and the frequency of hybridization are central for defining species delimitations, especially among cryptic species where morphological differences are merely absent. Rotifers are known for their high cryptic diversity and therefore are ideal model organisms to investigate such patterns. Here, we used the recently resolved Brachionus calyciflorus species complex to investigate whether previously observed between species differences in thermotolerance and gene expression are also reflected in their genomic footprint. We identified a Heat Shock Protein gene (HSP 40 kDa) which exhibits cross species pronounced sequence variation. This gene exhibits species-specific fixed sites, alleles, and sites putatively under positive selection. These sites are located in protein binding regions involved in chaperoning and may therefore reflect adaptive diversification. By comparing three genetic markers (ITS, COI, HSP 40 kDa), we revealed hybridization events between the cryptic species. The low frequency of introgressive haplotypes/alleles suggest a tight, but not fully impermeable boundary between the cryptic species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. Kiemel
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - M. Gurke
- grid.422371.10000 0001 2293 9957Museum für Naturkunde – Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany ,grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Department of Biology, Humboldt-University, Invalidenstraße 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Paraskevopoulou
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Department of Biology, Lund University, Microbiology Group, Sölvegatan 35, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - K. Havenstein
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - G. Weithoff
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Unit of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - R. Tiedemann
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dey S, Bischof R, Dupont PPA, Milleret C. Does the punishment fit the crime? Consequences and diagnosis of misspecified detection functions in Bayesian spatial capture–recapture modeling. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8600. [PMID: 35222967 PMCID: PMC8847120 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial capture–recapture (SCR) analysis is now used routinely to inform wildlife management and conservation decisions. It is therefore imperative that we understand the implications of and can diagnose common SCR model misspecifications, as flawed inferences could propagate to policy and interventions. The detection function of an SCR model describes how an individual's detections are distributed in space. Despite the detection function's central role in SCR, little is known about the robustness of SCR‐derived abundance estimates and home range size estimates to misspecifications. Here, we set out to (a) determine whether abundance estimates are robust to a wider range of misspecifications of the detection function than previously explored, (b) quantify the sensitivity of home range size estimates to the choice of detection function, and (c) evaluate commonly used Bayesian p‐values for detecting misspecifications thereof. We simulated SCR data using different circular detection functions to emulate a wide range of space use patterns. We then fit Bayesian SCR models with three detection functions (half‐normal, exponential, and half‐normal plateau) to each simulated data set. While abundance estimates were very robust, estimates of home range size were sensitive to misspecifications of the detection function. When misspecified, SCR models with the half‐normal plateau and exponential detection functions produced the most and least reliable home range size, respectively. Misspecifications with the strongest impact on parameter estimates were easily detected by Bayesian p‐values. Practitioners using SCR exclusively for density estimation are unlikely to be impacted by misspecifications of the detection function. However, the choice of detection function can have substantial consequences for the reliability of inferences about space use. Although Bayesian p‐values can aid the diagnosis of detection function misspecification under certain conditions, we urge the development of additional custom goodness‐of‐fit diagnostics for Bayesian SCR models to identify a wider range of model misspecifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Dey
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Ås Norway
| | - Richard Bischof
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Ås Norway
| | - Pierre P. A. Dupont
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Ås Norway
| | - Cyril Milleret
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Ås Norway
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Smith TN, Furnas BJ, Nelson MD, Barton DC, Clucas B. Insectivorous bat occupancy is mediated by drought and agricultural land use in a highly modified ecoregion. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brett J. Furnas
- Wildlife Investigations Laboratory California Department of Fish and Wildlife Rancho Cordova CA USA
| | - Misty D. Nelson
- Biogeographic Data Branch California Department of Fish and Wildlife Sacramento CA USA
| | | | - Barbara Clucas
- Department of Wildlife Humboldt State University Arcata CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Frafjord K. Activity patterns of the soprano pipistrelle Pipistrellus pygmaeus throughout the year in southern Norway. BMC ZOOL 2021; 6:1. [PMID: 37170122 PMCID: PMC10127296 DOI: 10.1186/s40850-021-00065-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Most temperate bats are regular hibernators in the winter. Knowledge about the length of their active season and how they adjust their nightly activity throughout the season, is critical to conservation. The characteristics of these are likely to vary with climate as well as latitude. This study investigated the flight activity of the soprano pipistrelle Pipistrellus pygmaeus in Frafjord, a small valley in the south-western corner of Norway (58° 50′N 6° 18′E) with an oceanic climate.
Results
Activity was recorded with an ultrasound recorder throughout April 2018 to June 2019 at one site, with supplemental recordings in March to June 2020, i.e., covering all months of the year. Recordings at other nearby sites were made in the summers (June–August) of 2016, 2017, 2019 and 2020, as well as some of the last days in December 2019 to the first days of January 2020. Overall, soprano pipistrelles were recorded flying in all months of the year, but very few in December–March. Regular activity was recorded from late April or early May until late October, and some recordings were also made in November. The highest numbers of recordings were made in August and September. Social calls, i.e. male song flights, were recorded from April to November, with the vast majority in August and September. Nearly all recordings were made between sunset and sunrise.
Conclusions
The soprano pipistrelle in this region showed regular activity through 6–7 months of the year. It adjusted its activity to the changing night length throughout the year, closely following sunset and sunrise. It was rarely recorded flying before sunset and almost never after sunrise. Most activity was recorded in the middle of the night, and social calls also followed this trend closely. Harems in late summer and autumn were confirmed in a bat box, which was also used for winter hibernation.
Collapse
|
6
|
First Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in a Wild Bat from Colombia. Acta Parasitol 2020; 65:969-973. [PMID: 32436053 PMCID: PMC7238717 DOI: 10.2478/s11686-020-00222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Toxoplasma gondii infections have been reported for many warm-blooded animals around the world including chiropterans. However, in Colombia, the country that holds the highest taxonomic richness of this order of mammals in the Neotropics, up to date there are no reports of T. gondii in bats (Carollia brevicauda). Purpose The objective of the present study was to detect T. gondii DNA from internal bat organs from Quindío, Colombia. Results We report the first detection of T. gondii DNA from internal bat organs in the department of Quindio, Central Andes of Colombia. Out of three silky short tail bat (Carollia brevicauda) specimens collected at the natural reserve “La Montaña del Ocaso”, organs were recovered (lungs, liver, heart, kidneys, small and large intestine) and tested for T. gondii through PCR for B1 sequence, with 1/3 (33.3%) positive result for the presence of T. gondii DNA in bat kidney tissues. Conclusion Taking into consideration the high diversity of bat species in Colombia, and the complexity of the ecological and functional relationships that these organisms establish in the ecosystems they inhabit, we discuss on the urgent need for more detailed research and surveys for Toxoplansma in bats and other mammalian wild species.
Collapse
|
7
|
Kurek K, Gewartowska O, Tołkacz K, Jędrzejewska B, Mysłajek RW. Home range size, habitat selection and roost use by the whiskered bat (Myotis mystacinus) in human-dominated montane landscapes. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237243. [PMID: 33035231 PMCID: PMC7546482 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of animal adaptations to human pressure is limited by the focus on rare taxa, despite that common species are more significant in shaping structure, function and service provision of ecosystems. Thus better understanding of their ecology and behavioural adjustments is central for drafting conservation actions. In this study, we used radio-telemetry on 21 individuals (10 females, 11 males) to provide data on spatial ecology, habitat selection and use of roosts of one of the commonest species, the whiskered bat (Myotis mystacinus), inhabiting the Carpathian Mountains (southern Poland). We tested, whether this species prefers natural over human-modified landscapes to seek prey and roosts. Mean home range size of the whiskered bat in the Carpathian Mountains was 26.3 ha (SE ± 3.2, Local Convex Hull) and 110 ha (SE ± 22.1, Minimum Convex Polygon with all locations), and included between one and three patches, among which bats moved along linear environmental features, such as scrubby banks of streams or lines of trees. During foraging whiskered bats selected small woodlands within agricultural landscapes, avoided large mountain forests and open areas, and used built-up areas proportionally to their availability. Whiskered bats occupied roosts located mainly in buildings (>97%), at an average altitude of 547.9 m above sea level (SE ± 8.3). Roosts were used for 5.4 days, on average. Our study shows that whiskered bats adapted well to the mosaic of semi-natural and anthropogenic habitats. It highlights the importance of buildings serving as roosts and small woodlands used as foraging areas in human-dominated montane landscapes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Korneliusz Kurek
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Olga Gewartowska
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Tołkacz
- Department of Antarctic Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | | | - Robert W. Mysłajek
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dietz M, Bögelsack K, Krannich A, Simon O. Woodland fragments in urban landscapes are important bat areas: an example of the endangered Bechstein’s bat Myotis bechsteinii. Urban Ecosyst 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-020-01008-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
9
|
Perks SJ, Goodenough AE. Abiotic and spatiotemporal factors affect activity of European bat species and have implications for detectability for acoustic surveys. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J. Perks
- S. J. Perks (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1893-8059) ✉ and A. E. Goodenough, School of Natural and Social Sciences, Francis Close Hall, Univ. of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, GL50 4AZ, UK
| | - Anne E. Goodenough
- S. J. Perks (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1893-8059) ✉ and A. E. Goodenough, School of Natural and Social Sciences, Francis Close Hall, Univ. of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, GL50 4AZ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
|
11
|
Paruchuri S, Smith AT, Fan Z, Dobson FS. Microhabitat use by plateau pikas: living on the edge. J Mammal 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyz085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMammals rely on habitat resources for survival and reproduction. We studied microhabitats used by plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Microhabitat features used by pikas include sedge meadows that provide forage, burrows that provide safety from predators and cover for nests, degraded open-dirt patches, and edges between sedge meadow and open dirt patches that often have a “lip” between those microhabitats. We investigated the extent to which these edges might serve as a preferred pika microhabitat. GIS techniques were used to overlay individual pika home ranges, determined by focal and scan sampling, on a digitized map containing microhabitat features. Regions that contained multiple coinciding individual home ranges, referred to as overlap polygons, were categorized numerically based on the number of individual home ranges that overlapped each polygon. These overlap polygons were used as relative measures of pika activity. We tested the spatial relationship between pika activity and the microhabitat features of edges, burrows, and proportional area of sedge. There was a significant relationship between the number of pikas in an overlap polygon and the number of pikas in an adjacent polygon. This pattern was controlled statistically to test whether activity was influenced by the presence of potentially favorable microhabitat features. Most of the variation in number of pikas that overlapped a habitat polygon was associated with the relative amount of “edge microhabitat” between sedge meadow and degraded open dirt patches (Cohen’s effect size, f2 = 0.91). Neither burrow openings nor sedge had a strong influence on the number of pika home ranges that overlapped. The importance of microhabitat edges appeared high for plateau pikas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Spurthi Paruchuri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Andrew T Smith
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Zhaofei Fan
- School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - F Stephen Dobson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
- Auburn University Museum of Natural History, Auburn, AL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Michaelsen TC, Jensen KH, Högstedt G. Does Light Condition Affect the Habitat Use of Soprano Pipistrelles Pipistrellus pygmaeus at the Species Northern Extreme? ACTA CHIROPTEROLOGICA 2019. [DOI: 10.3161/15081109acc2018.20.2.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Knut Helge Jensen
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, NO-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Göran Högstedt
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, NO-5020 Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kirkpatrick L, Graham J, McGregor S, Munro L, Scoarize M, Park K. Flexible foraging strategies in Pipistrellus pygmaeus in response to abundant but ephemeral prey. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204511. [PMID: 30286111 PMCID: PMC6171852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing recognition that with sympathetic management, plantation forests may contain more biodiversity than previously thought. However, the extent to which they may support bat populations is contentious. Many studies have demonstrated active avoidance of coniferous plantations and attributed this to the lack of available roost sites and low invertebrate density. In contrast, other work, carried out in plantation dominated landscapes have shown that certain bat species are able to exploit these areas. However, the extent to which bats use plantations for roosting and foraging, or simply move through the plantation matrix to access more favourable sites is unclear. We radio tracked female Pipistrellus pygmaeus over two summers to establish the extent to which individual bats use Sitka Spruce plantations in southern Scotland for foraging and roosting and assess the implications for felling operations on bats. Maternity roosts identified (n = 17) were in all in buildings and most were large (> 500 individuals). We found no evidence of bats roosting in mature Sitka Spruce crop trees, although several bats used roosts in old or dead beech and oak trees as an alternative to their main maternity roost. Home ranges were much larger (mean 9.6 ± 3.12 km2) than those reported from other studies (0.6–1.6 km2), and it is likely that roost availability rather than food abundance constrains P. pygmaeus use of Sitka Spruce plantations. At the landscape scale, most individuals selected coniferous habitats over other habitat types, covering large distances to access plantation areas, whilst at a local scale bats used forest tracks to access water, felled stands or patches of broadleaf cover within the plantation. Sitka Spruce plantations support a high abundance of Culicoides impuctatus, the Highland midge which may act as a reliable and plentiful food source for females during lactation, an energetically expensive period. The use of felled stands for foraging by bats has implications for forest management as wind turbines, following small-scale felling operations, are increasingly being installed in plantations; wind turbines have been associated with high bat mortality in some countries. Decisions about siting wind turbines in upland plantations should consider the likelihood of increased bat activity post felling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda Kirkpatrick
- Biological and Ecological Sciences, University of Stirling, Scotland
- EVECO, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Jennifer Graham
- Biological and Ecological Sciences, University of Stirling, Scotland
- WDC, Scottish Dolphin Centre, Spey Bay, Fochabers, Moray, Scotland
| | | | - Lynn Munro
- Biological and Ecological Sciences, University of Stirling, Scotland
| | | | - Kirsty Park
- Biological and Ecological Sciences, University of Stirling, Scotland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Guden RM, Vafeiadou AM, De Meester N, Derycke S, Moens T. Living apart-together: Microhabitat differentiation of cryptic nematode species in a saltmarsh habitat. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204750. [PMID: 30261070 PMCID: PMC6160205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Coexistence of highly similar species is at odds with ecological theory of competition; coexistence, then, requires stabilizing mechanisms such as differences in ecological niche. In the bacterivore nematode Litoditis marina species complex, which occurs associated with macro-algae, four cryptic lineages (Pm I-IV) co-occur in the field along the south-western coast and estuaries of The Netherlands. Here we investigate the temporal and/or spatial niche differentiation in their natural environment using a qPCR-based detection and relative quantification method. We collected different algal species (i.e. two Fucus species and Ulva sp.) and separated algal structures (i.e. receptacula, thalli, non-fertile tips and bladders) at different sampling months and times (i.e. twice per sampling month), to examine differences in microhabitat use between coexisting L. marina species. Results demonstrate that the cryptic species composition varied among different algal species and algal structures, which was also subject to temporal shifts. Pm I dominated on Fucus spp., Pm II showed dominance on Ulva sp., while Pm III overall had the lowest frequencies. Microhabitat partitioning was most pronounced between the two cryptic species which had similar microbiomes (Pm I and Pm II), and less so between the two species which had significantly different microbiomes (Pm I and Pm III), suggesting that species which share the same microhabitats may avoid competition through resource partitioning. The interplay of microhabitat differentiation and temporal dynamics among the cryptic species of L. marina implies that there is a complex interaction between biotic components and abiotic factors which contributes to their coexistence in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodgee Mae Guden
- Ghent University, Marine Biology Lab, Ghent, Belgium
- Mindanao State University- Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan, Philippines
| | - Anna-Maria Vafeiadou
- Ghent University, Marine Biology Lab, Ghent, Belgium
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Biology Department, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Sofie Derycke
- Ghent University, Marine Biology Lab, Ghent, Belgium
- Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research, Aquatic Environment and Quality, Oostende, Belgium
| | - Tom Moens
- Ghent University, Marine Biology Lab, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yasser AG, Sheldon F, Hughes JM. Spatial distributions and environmental relationships of two species complexes of freshwater atyid shrimps. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Gh. Yasser
- Australian Rivers Institute; Griffith University; 170 Kessels Road Nathan Queensland 4111 Australia
| | - F. Sheldon
- Australian Rivers Institute; Griffith University; 170 Kessels Road Nathan Queensland 4111 Australia
| | - J. M. Hughes
- Australian Rivers Institute; Griffith University; 170 Kessels Road Nathan Queensland 4111 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
A synthesis of ecological and evolutionary determinants of bat diversity across spatial scales. BMC Ecol 2018; 18:18. [PMID: 29890975 PMCID: PMC5996565 DOI: 10.1186/s12898-018-0174-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diversity patterns result from ecological to evolutionary processes operating at different spatial and temporal scales. Species trait variation determine the spatial scales at which organisms perceive the environment. Despite this knowledge, the coupling of all these factors to understand how diversity is structured is still deficient. Here, we review the role of ecological and evolutionary processes operating across different hierarchically spatial scales to shape diversity patterns of bats—the second largest mammal order and the only mammals with real flight capability. Main body We observed that flight development and its provision of increased dispersal ability influenced the diversification, life history, geographic distribution, and local interspecific interactions of bats, differently across multiple spatial scales. Niche packing combined with different flight, foraging and echolocation strategies and differential use of air space allowed the coexistence among bats as well as for an increased diversity supported by the environment. Considering distinct bat species distributions across space due to their functional characteristics, we assert that understanding such characteristics in Chiroptera improves the knowledge on ecological processes at different scales. We also point two main knowledge gaps that limit progress on the knowledge on scale-dependence of ecological and evolutionary processes in bats: a geographical bias, showing that research on bats is mainly done in the New World; and the lack of studies addressing the mesoscale (i.e. landscape and metacommunity scales). Conclusions We propose that it is essential to couple spatial scales and different zoogeographical regions along with their functional traits, to address bat diversity patterns and understand how they are distributed across the environment. Understanding how bats perceive space is a complex task: all bats can fly, but their perception of space varies with their biological traits. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12898-018-0174-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
18
|
Todd VLG, Waters DA. Small Scale Habitat Preferences of Myotis daubentonii, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, and Potential Aerial Prey in an Upland River Valley. ACTA CHIROPTEROLOGICA 2017. [DOI: 10.3161/15081109acc2017.19.2.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Louise Georgia Todd
- Ocean Science Consulting Ltd. Spott Road, Dunbar, East Lothian, EH42 1RR, Scotland, United Kingdom
- School of Media Arts and Technology, Southampton Solent University, East Park Terrace, Southampton SO14 0YN, United Kingdom
| | - Dean Andrew Waters
- Environment Department, University of York, Wentworth Way, Heslington, York YO10 5NG, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fuentes-Montemayor E, Watts K, Macgregor NA, Lopez-Gallego Z, J Park K. Species mobility and landscape context determine the importance of local and landscape-level attributes. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2017; 27:1541-1554. [PMID: 28370641 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Conservation strategies to tackle habitat loss and fragmentation require actions at the local (e.g., improving/expanding existing habitat patches) and landscape level (e.g., creating new habitat in the matrix). However, the relative importance of these actions for biodiversity is still poorly understood, leading to debate on how to prioritize conservation activities. Here, we assess the relative importance of local vs. landscape-level attributes in determining the use of woodlands by bats in fragmented landscapes; we also compare the role of habitat amount in the surrounding landscape per se vs. a combination of both habitat amount and configuration and explore whether the relative importance of these attributes varies with species mobility and landscape context. We conducted acoustic surveys in 102 woodland patches in the UK that form part of the WrEN project (www.wren-project.com), a large-scale natural experiment designed to study the effects of 160 yr of woodland creation on biodiversity and inform landscape-scale conservation. We used multivariate analysis and a model-selection approach to assess the relative importance of local (e.g., vegetation structure) and landscape-level (e.g., amount/configuration of surrounding land types) attributes on bat occurrence and activity levels. Species mobility was an important trait determining the relative importance of local vs. landscape-level attributes for different bat species. Lower mobility species were most strongly influenced by local habitat quality; the landscape became increasingly important for higher mobility species. At the landscape-scale, a combination of habitat amount and configuration appeared more important than habitat amount alone for lower mobility species, while the opposite was observed for higher mobility species. Regardless of species mobility, landscape-level attributes appeared more important for bats in a more homogeneous and intensively farmed landscape. Conservation strategies involving habitat creation and restoration should take into account the mobility of target species and prioritize landscape-level actions in more homogeneous and intensively farmed landscapes where habitat loss and fragmentation have been more severe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Fuentes-Montemayor
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Watts
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, United Kingdom
- Forest Research, Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham, Surrey, GU10 4LH, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas A Macgregor
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NR, United Kingdom
- Natural England, Nobel House, 17 Smith Square, London, SW1P 3JR, United Kingdom
| | - Zeltia Lopez-Gallego
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty J Park
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Downs NC, Cresswell WJ, Reason P, Sutton G, Wells D, Williams L, Wray S. Activity Patterns and Use of Night Roosts by Lesser Horseshoe BatsRhinolophus hipposideros(Borkhausen, 1797). ACTA CHIROPTEROLOGICA 2016. [DOI: 10.3161/15081109acc2016.18.1.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
21
|
Lintott PR, Barlow K, Bunnefeld N, Briggs P, Gajas Roig C, Park KJ. Differential responses of cryptic bat species to the urban landscape. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:2044-52. [PMID: 27066223 PMCID: PMC4768637 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Urbanization is a key global driver in the modification of land use and has been linked to population declines even in widespread and relatively common species. Cities comprise a complex assortment of habitat types yet we know relatively little about the effects of their composition and spatial configuration on species distribution. Although many bat species exploit human resources, the majority of species are negatively impacted by urbanization. Here, we use data from the National Bat Monitoring Programme, a long-running citizen science scheme, to assess how two cryptic European bat species respond to the urban landscape. A total of 124 × 1 km(2) sites throughout Britain were surveyed. The landscape surrounding each site was mapped and classified into discrete biotope types (e.g., woodland). Generalized linear models were used to assess differences in the response to the urban environment between the two species, and which landscape factors were associated with the distributions of P. pipistrellus and P. pygmaeus. The relative prevalence of P. pygmaeus compared to P. pipistrellus was greater in urban landscapes with a higher density of rivers and lakes, whereas P. pipistrellus was frequently detected in landscapes comprising a high proportion of green space (e.g., parklands). Although P. pipistrellus is thought to be well adapted to the urban landscape, we found a strong negative response to urbanization at a relatively local scale (1 km), whilst P. pygmaeus was detected more regularly in wooded urban landscapes containing freshwater. These results show differential habitat use at a landscape scale of two morphologically similar species, indicating that cryptic species may respond differently to anthropogenic disturbance. Even species considered relatively common and well adapted to the urban landscape may respond negatively to the built environment highlighting the future challenges involved in maintaining biodiversity within an increasingly urbanized world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Lintott
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Devon EX4 4PS U.K.; Biological and Environmental Sciences School of Natural Sciences University of Stirling Stirling FK9 4LA U.K
| | - Kate Barlow
- Bat Conservation Trust Quadrant House 250 Kennington Lane London SE11 5RD U.K
| | - Nils Bunnefeld
- Biological and Environmental Sciences School of Natural Sciences University of Stirling Stirling FK9 4LA U.K
| | - Philip Briggs
- Bat Conservation Trust Quadrant House 250 Kennington Lane London SE11 5RD U.K
| | - Clara Gajas Roig
- Biological and Environmental Sciences School of Natural Sciences University of Stirling Stirling FK9 4LA U.K
| | - Kirsty J Park
- Biological and Environmental Sciences School of Natural Sciences University of Stirling Stirling FK9 4LA U.K
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Andrews PT, Crump RG, Harries DJ, Andrews MM. Influence of weather on a population of soprano pipistrelle bats in West Wales, UK: a 20 year study estimates population viability. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2016. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
23
|
Stone E, Zeale MRK, Newson SE, Browne WJ, Harris S, Jones G. Managing Conflict between Bats and Humans: The Response of Soprano Pipistrelles (Pipistrellus pygmaeus) to Exclusion from Roosts in Houses. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131825. [PMID: 26244667 PMCID: PMC4526527 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Conflict can arise when bats roost in human dwellings and householders are affected adversely by their presence. In the United Kingdom, the exclusion of bats from roosts can be licensed under exceptional circumstances to alleviate conflict, but the fate of excluded bats and the impact on their survival and reproduction is not well understood. Using radio-tracking, we investigated the effects of exclusion on the soprano pipistrelle Pipistrellus pygmaeus, a species that commonly roosts in buildings in Europe. Exclusions were performed under licence at five roosts in England in spring, when females were in the early stages of pregnancy. Following exclusion, all bats found alternative roosts and colonies congregated in nearby known roosts that had been used by radio-tagged bats prior to exclusion. We found no difference in roosting behaviour before and after exclusion. Both the frequency of roost switching and the type of roosts used by bats remained unchanged. We also found no change in foraging behaviour. Bats foraged in the same areas, travelled similar distances to reach foraging areas and showed similar patterns of habitat selection before and after exclusion. Population modelling suggested that any reduction in survival following exclusion could have a negative impact on population growth, whereas a reduction in productivity would have less effect. While the number of soprano pipistrelle exclusions currently licensed each year is likely to have little effect on local populations, the cumulative impacts of licensing the destruction of large numbers of roosts may be of concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Stone
- School of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom
| | - Matt R. K. Zeale
- School of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Stuart E. Newson
- British Trust for Ornithology, The Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk, IP24 2PU, United Kingdom
| | - William J. Browne
- Graduate School of Education, and Centre for Multilevel Modelling, University of Bristol, 2 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TX, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Harris
- School of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Jones
- School of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lintott PR, Bunnefeld N, Minderman J, Fuentes-Montemayor E, Mayhew RJ, Olley L, Park KJ. Differential responses to woodland character and landscape context by cryptic bats in urban environments. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126850. [PMID: 25978034 PMCID: PMC4433195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Urbanisation is one of the most dramatic forms of land use change which relatively few species can adapt to. Determining how and why species respond differently to urban habitats is important in predicting future biodiversity loss as urban areas rapidly expand. Understanding how morphological or behavioural traits can influence species adaptability to the built environment may enable us to improve the effectiveness of conservation efforts. Although many bat species are able to exploit human resources, bat species richness generally declines with increasing urbanisation and there is considerable variation in the responses of different bat species to urbanisation. Here, we use acoustic recordings from two cryptic, and largely sympatric European bat species to assess differential responses in their use of fragmented urban woodland and the surrounding urban matrix. There was a high probability of P. pygmaeus activity relative to P. pipistrellus in woodlands with low clutter and understory cover which were surrounded by low levels of built environment. Additionally, the probability of recording P. pygmaeus relative to P. pipistrellus was considerably higher in urban woodland interior or edge habitat in contrast to urban grey or non-wooded green space. These results show differential habitat use occurring between two morphologically similar species; whilst the underlying mechanism for this partitioning is unknown it may be driven by competition avoidance over foraging resources. Their differing response to urbanisation indicates the difficulties involved when attempting to assess how adaptable a species is to urbanisation for conservation purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul R. Lintott
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland
| | - Nils Bunnefeld
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland
| | - Jeroen Minderman
- School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland
| | - Elisa Fuentes-Montemayor
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland
| | - Rebekah J. Mayhew
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland
| | - Lena Olley
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland
| | - Kirsty J. Park
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Puig-Montserrat X, Torre I, López-Baucells A, Guerrieri E, Monti MM, Ràfols-García R, Ferrer X, Gisbert D, Flaquer C. Pest control service provided by bats in Mediterranean rice paddies: linking agroecosystems structure to ecological functions. Mamm Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
26
|
Bonaccorso FJ, Todd CM, Miles AC, Gorresen PM. Foraging range movements of the endangered Hawaiian hoary bat,Lasiurus cinereus semotus(Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). J Mammal 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyu003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
27
|
Macdonald DW, Johnson DDP. Patchwork planet: the resource dispersion hypothesis, society, and the ecology of life. J Zool (1987) 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. W. Macdonald
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit; The Recanati-Kaplan Centre; Department of Zoology; University of Oxford; UK
| | - D. D. P. Johnson
- Department of Politics and International Relations; University of Oxford; UK
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Michaelsen TC, Jensen KH, Högstedt G. Roost Site Selection in Pregnant and Lactating Soprano Pipistrelles (Pipistrellus pygmaeusLeach, 1825) at the Species Northern Extreme: The Importance of Warm and Safe Roosts. ACTA CHIROPTEROLOGICA 2014. [DOI: 10.3161/150811014x687305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
29
|
Boston ESM, Puechmaille SJ, Clissmann F, Teeling EC. Further Evidence for Cryptic North-Western Refugia in Europe? Mitochondrial Phylogeography of the Sibling SpeciesPipistrellus pipistrellusandPipistrellus pygmaeus. ACTA CHIROPTEROLOGICA 2014. [DOI: 10.3161/150811014x687233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
30
|
Lintott PR, Bunnefeld N, Fuentes-Montemayor E, Minderman J, Mayhew RJ, Olley L, Park KJ. City life makes females fussy: sex differences in habitat use of temperate bats in urban areas. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2014; 1:140200. [PMID: 26064557 PMCID: PMC4448836 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.140200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Urbanization is a major driver of the global loss of biodiversity; to mitigate its adverse effects, it is essential to understand what drives species' patterns of habitat use within the urban matrix. While many animal species are known to exhibit sex differences in habitat use, adaptability to the urban landscape is commonly examined at the species level, without consideration of intraspecific differences. The high energetic demands of pregnancy and lactation in female mammals can lead to sexual differences in habitat use, but little is known of how this might affect their response to urbanization. We predicted that female Pipistrellus pygmaeus would show greater selectivity of forging locations within urban woodland in comparison to males at both a local and landscape scale. In line with these predictions, we found there was a lower probability of finding females within woodlands which were poorly connected, highly cluttered, with a higher edge : interior ratio and fewer mature trees. By contrast, habitat quality and the composition of the surrounding landscape were less of a limiting factor in determining male distributions. These results indicate strong sexual differences in the habitat use of fragmented urban woodland, and this has important implications for our understanding of the adaptability of bats and mammals more generally to urbanization.
Collapse
|
31
|
Robertson A, Palphramand KL, Carter SP, Delahay RJ. Group size correlates with territory size in European badgers: implications for the resource dispersion hypothesis? OIKOS 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.01459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Robertson
- National Wildlife Management Centre, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Woodchester Park; Gloucestershire GL10 3UJ UK
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, Univ. of Exeter; Penryn TR10 9EZ Cornwall UK
| | - Kate L. Palphramand
- National Wildlife Management Centre, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Woodchester Park; Gloucestershire GL10 3UJ UK
| | - Stephen P. Carter
- National Wildlife Management Centre, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Woodchester Park; Gloucestershire GL10 3UJ UK
| | - Richard J. Delahay
- National Wildlife Management Centre, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Woodchester Park; Gloucestershire GL10 3UJ UK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Fornůsková A, Petit EJ, Bartonička T, Kaňuch P, Butet A, Řehák Z, Bryja J. Strong matrilineal structure in common pipistrelle bats (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) is associated with variability in echolocation calls. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alena Fornůsková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology; AS CR; Květná 8 603 65 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of Botany and Zoology; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Kotlářská 2 611 37 Brno Czech Republic
- UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO; Université Rennes 1; Rennes France
| | - Eric J. Petit
- UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO; Université Rennes 1; Rennes France
- Ecology and Ecosystem Health; UMR 985 Agrocampus Ouest-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; F-35042 Rennes France
| | - Tomáš Bartonička
- Department of Botany and Zoology; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Kotlářská 2 611 37 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Peter Kaňuch
- Institute of Forest Ecology SAS; Zvolen Slovakia
| | - Alain Butet
- UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO; Université Rennes 1; Rennes France
| | - Zdeněk Řehák
- Department of Botany and Zoology; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Kotlářská 2 611 37 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Josef Bryja
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology; AS CR; Květná 8 603 65 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of Botany and Zoology; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Kotlářská 2 611 37 Brno Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mendes ES, Pereira MJR, Marques SF, Fonseca C. A mosaic of opportunities? Spatio-temporal patterns of bat diversity and activity in a strongly humanized Mediterranean wetland. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-014-0832-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
34
|
Dodd NS, Lord JS, Jehle R, Parker S, Parker F, Brooks DR, Hide G. Toxoplasma gondii: prevalence in species and genotypes of British bats (Pipistrellus pipistrellus and P. pygmaeus). Exp Parasitol 2014; 139:6-11. [PMID: 24560770 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have investigated Toxoplasma gondii infections in bat populations and none have reported its presence in protected British bat species. Using a collection of dead/euthanased bats collected from Lancashire, UK, two species of bats (Pipistrellus pipistrellus and Pipistrellus pygmaeus) were tested using a highly sensitive SAG1-PCR method specific for detection of T. gondii DNA (n=77; 71 P. pipistrellus and 6 P. pygmaeus). Whilst some potential bias may exist in the sampling strategy, an overall prevalence of 10.39% (±6.06%; 95%CI) was detected. All P. pipistrellus, were also genotyped using eleven polymorphic microsatellite loci to determine their local population structure. The programme STRUCTURE revealed that the majority of individuals (83%) were derived from one interbreeding population, and the remaining individuals (17%) had mixed genetic origins. There was no significant difference in the frequency of T. gondii infection or geographical distribution between subclusters. As all British bats are insectivorous, the routes of infection with T. gondii remain elusive. However, the locally large and panmictic gene pool suggests that intraspecies transmission could be applicable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole S Dodd
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK
| | - Jennifer S Lord
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK; South Lancashire Bat Group, P.O. Box 512, Bury, Lancashire BL8 9FB, UK
| | - Robert Jehle
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK
| | - Steven Parker
- South Lancashire Bat Group, P.O. Box 512, Bury, Lancashire BL8 9FB, UK
| | - Fiona Parker
- South Lancashire Bat Group, P.O. Box 512, Bury, Lancashire BL8 9FB, UK
| | - Darren R Brooks
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK
| | - Geoff Hide
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK; Biomedical Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
|
36
|
Kusch J, Schmitz A. Environmental Factors Affecting the Differential use of Foraging Habitat by Three Sympatric Species ofPipistrellus. ACTA CHIROPTEROLOGICA 2013. [DOI: 10.3161/150811013x667858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
37
|
The spatial ecology of the whiskered bat (Myotis mystacinus) at the western extreme of its range provides evidence of regional adaptation. Mamm Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
38
|
Ecological niche modelling of three pipistrelle bat species in semiarid Mediterranean landscapes. ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
39
|
Noer CL, Dabelsteen T, Bohmann K, Monadjem A. Molossid Bats in an African Agro-Ecosystem Select Sugarcane Fields as Foraging Habitat. AFRICAN ZOOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.3377/004.047.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
40
|
Evolutionarily stable consumer home range size in relation to resource demography and consumer spatial organization. THEOR ECOL-NETH 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12080-011-0148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
41
|
Michaelsen TC, Jensen KH, Högstedt G. Topography is a limiting distributional factor in the soprano pipistrelle at its latitudinal extreme. Mamm Biol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
42
|
Russo D, Cistrone L, Garonna AP, Jones G. The early bat catches the fly: Daylight foraging in soprano pipistrelles. Mamm Biol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2009.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
43
|
Gashchak S, Beresford NA, Maksimenko A, Vlaschenko AS. Strontium-90 and caesium-137 activity concentrations in bats in the Chernobyl exclusion zone. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2010; 49:635-644. [PMID: 20714905 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-010-0322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Bats are a protected species and as such may be an object of protection in radiological assessments of the environment. However, there have previously been only few radioecological studies of species of bats. In this paper, results for >140 measurements of (90)Sr and (137)Cs in 10 species of bats collected within the Chernobyl zone are presented. There was some indication of a decreasing transfer of (90)Sr with increasing deposition, although this was inconsistent across species and explained little of the observed variability. There was no difference between male and female bats in the transfer (expressed as the ratio of whole-body activity concentrations to those in soil) of either radionuclide. There was considerable variability in transfer across all species groups. At two sites where there were sufficient data, Eptesicus serotinus was found to have higher transfer than other species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Gashchak
- International Radioecology Laboratory, Chernobyl Center for Nuclear Safety, Radioactive Waste and Radioecology, Slavutych, Ukraine.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
|
45
|
Napal M, Garin I, Goiti U, Salsamendi E, Aihartza J. Habitat Selection byMyotis bechsteiniiin the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula. ANN ZOOL FENN 2010. [DOI: 10.5735/086.047.0402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
46
|
Kaňuch P, Fornůsková A, Bartonička T, Bryja J, Řehák Z. Do two cryptic pipistrelle bat species differ in their autumn and winter roosting strategies within the range of sympatry? FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2010. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v59.i2.a4.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kaňuch
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Štúrova 2, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Alena Fornůsková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Bartonička
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Bryja
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Řehák
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Santos SM, Mathias MDL, Mira AP. Local coexistence and niche differences between the Lusitanian and Mediterranean pine voles (Microtus lusitanicus and M. duodecimcostatus). Ecol Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-010-0728-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
48
|
Summer habitat associations of bats between riparian landscapes and within riparian areas. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-009-0330-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
49
|
BRYJA JOSEF, KAŇUCH PETER, FORNŮSKOVÁ ALENA, BARTONIČKA TOMÁŠ, ŘEHÁK ZDENĚK. Low population genetic structuring of two cryptic bat species suggests their migratory behaviour in continental Europe. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2008.01093.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
50
|
Bartonička T, Bielik A, Řehák Z. Roost Switching and Activity Patterns in the Soprano Pipistrelle,Pipistrellus pygmaeus, during Lactation. ANN ZOOL FENN 2008. [DOI: 10.5735/086.045.0605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|