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Walmsley SF, Boutin S, Dantzer B, Lane JE, Coltman DW, McAdam AG. Benefits of living closer to kin vary by genealogical relationship in a territorial mammal. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20221569. [PMID: 36629099 PMCID: PMC9832554 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
While cooperative interactions among kin are a key building block in the societies of group-living species, their importance for species with more variable social environments is unclear. North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) defend individual territories in dynamic neighbourhoods and are known to benefit from living among familiar conspecifics, but not relatives. However, kin-directed behaviours may be restricted to specific genealogical relationships or strongly mediated by geographical distance, masking their influence at broader scales. Using distance between territories as a proxy for the ability of individuals to interact, we estimated the influence of primary kin (parents, offspring, siblings) on the annual survival and reproductive success of red squirrels. This approach revealed associations between fitness and access to kin, but only for certain genealogical relationships and fitness components. For example, females had enhanced annual survival when living closer to their daughters, though the reverse was not true. Most surprising was the finding that males had higher annual reproductive success when living closer to their father, suggesting possible recognition and cooperation among fathers and sons. Together, these findings point to unexpected nuance in the fitness consequences of kinship dynamics for a species that is territorial and largely solitary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam F. Walmsley
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, 1900 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Stan Boutin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, 11455 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E9
| | - Ben Dantzer
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 500 South State Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 500 South State Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jeffrey E. Lane
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, Canada S7N 5E2
| | - David W. Coltman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, 11455 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E9
- Biology Department, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Andrew G. McAdam
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, 1900 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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2
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Doty AC, Connior MB, Risch TS. Drivers of Southern Flying Squirrel (Glaucomys volans) Aggregation Size in South Carolina, U.S.A. AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST 2022. [DOI: 10.1674/0003-0031-188.1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna C. Doty
- Department of Biology, California State University Bakersfield, 93311; Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Sacramento, Sacramento 95819
| | - Matthew B. Connior
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, State University 72467; Northwest Arkansas Community College, Bentonville 72712
| | - Thomas S. Risch
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, State University 72467; Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, State University 72467
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3
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PARASITES OF AN ENDANGERED HARVEST MOUSE (REITHRODONTOMYS RAVIVENTRIS HALICOETES) IN A NORTHERN CALIFORNIA MARSH. J Wildl Dis 2021; 58:122-136. [PMID: 34814173 DOI: 10.7589/jwd-d-21-00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Disease may limit recovery of endangered species. We surveyed parasites in the federally endangered salt marsh harvest mouse (SMHM; Reithrodontomys raviventris halicoetes) and sympatric rodents in Suisun Marsh (Solano County, California, USA) from April 2018 through March 2019. We investigated individual SMHM risk factors (age, sex, reproductive status, and body condition) for infection and relationships among the estimated parasite prevalence and season and habitat management (natural tidal habitats versus diked, nontidal habitats). We captured 625 individual rodents, including 439 SMHM, and tested these for infection with Bartonella spp., Borrelia spp., Rickettsia spp., Francisella tularensis, Leptospira spp., Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia spp., and Toxoplasma gondii by PCR. Over one-third (34.6%, confidence interval [CI], 30.2%-39.3%) of SMHM tested positive for at least one parasite. Four percent (CI, 2.8%-6.3%) of SMHM were infected with F. tularensis holarctica, a virulent bacterium that causes mortality in rodents shortly after infection. Additionally, we detected three species of Bartonella (B. henselae, B. rochalimae, B. vinsonii arupensis), Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Ballum, Cryptosporidium sp. (deer mouse [Peromyscus maniculatus] genotype), Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia intestinalis, and an unidentified Borrelia sp. The only parasite that was associated with habitat management was Bartonella spp., which was more prevalent in diked than tidal areas. Male SMHM were more likely to be parasitized than females, and individuals in modestly poor body condition were most likely to be infected with Bartonella spp. The estimated sample prevalence of multiple parasites varied by season and by host species. This is the first major parasite assessment in a long-endangered species, and these results will assist managers to incorporate parasitic disease into recovery planning and provide a critical baseline for future investigations, including how climatically induced habitat and species composition changes could alter disease dynamics.
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4
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Hare AJ, Newman AE, Dantzer B, Lane JE, Boutin S, Coltman DW, McAdam AG. An independent experiment does not support stress-mediated kin discrimination through red squirrel vocalizations. Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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5
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Siracusa ER, Boutin S, Dantzer B, Lane JE, Coltman DW, McAdam AG. Familiar Neighbors, but Not Relatives, Enhance Fitness in a Territorial Mammal. Curr Biol 2021; 31:438-445.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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6
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Weaver LN, Varricchio DJ, Sargis EJ, Chen M, Freimuth WJ, Wilson Mantilla GP. Early mammalian social behaviour revealed by multituberculates from a dinosaur nesting site. Nat Ecol Evol 2020; 5:32-37. [PMID: 33139921 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-01325-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
When sociality evolved and in which groups remain open questions in mammalian evolution, largely due to the fragmentary Mesozoic mammal fossil record. Nevertheless, exceptionally preserved fossils collected in well-constrained geologic and spatial frameworks can provide glimpses into these more fleeting aspects of early mammalian behaviour. Here we report on exceptional specimens of a multituberculate, Filikomys primaevus gen. nov., from the Late Cretaceous of Montana, primarily occurring as multi-individual, monospecific aggregates of semi-articulated skulls and skeletons within a narrow stratigraphic (~9 cm thick) and geographic (<32 m2) interval. Taphonomic and geologic evidence indicates that F. primaevus engaged in multigenerational, group-nesting and burrowing behaviour, representing the first example of social behaviour in a Mesozoic mammal. That F. primaevus was a digger is further supported by functional morphological and morphometric analyses of its postcranium. The social behaviour of F. primaevus suggests that the capacity for mammals to form social groups extends back to the Mesozoic and is not restricted to therians. Sociality is probably an evolutionarily labile trait that has arisen numerous times during mammalian evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas N Weaver
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - David J Varricchio
- Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Eric J Sargis
- Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Division of Vertebrate Paleontology, Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History, New Haven, CT, USA.,Division of Vertebrate Zoology, Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Meng Chen
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Paleobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - William J Freimuth
- Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Gregory P Wilson Mantilla
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Burke Museum of Natural History & Culture, Seattle, WA, USA.
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7
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Burnett AD, Koprowski JL. Ultimate causes of antipredator vocalizations in a nonhibernating squirrel. Anim Behav 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2020.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Evans JC, Lindholm AK, König B. Long-term overlap of social and genetic structure in free-ranging house mice reveals dynamic seasonal and group size effects. Curr Zool 2020; 67:59-69. [PMID: 33654491 PMCID: PMC7901755 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoaa030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Associating with relatives in social groups can bring benefits such as reduced risk of aggression and increased likelihood of cooperation. Competition among relatives over limited resources, on the other hand, can induce individuals to alter their patterns of association. Population density might further affect the costs and benefits of associating with relatives by altering resource competition or by changing the structure of social groups; preventing easy association with relatives. Consequently, the overlap between genetic and social structure is expected to decrease with increasing population size, as well as during times of increased breeding activity. Here, we use multi-layer network techniques to quantify the similarity between long-term, high resolution genetic, and behavioral data from a large population of free-ranging house mice (Mus musculus domesticus), studied over 10 years. We infer how the benefit of associating with genetically similar individuals might fluctuate in relation to breeding behavior and environmental conditions. We found a clear seasonal effect, with decreased overlap between social and genetic structure during summer months, characterized by high temperatures and high breeding activity. Though the effect of overall population size was relatively weak, we found a clear decrease in the overlap between genetic similarity and social associations within larger groups. As well as longer-term within-group changes, these results reveal population-wide short-term shifts in how individuals associate with relatives. Our study suggests that resource competition modifies the trade-off between the costs and benefits of interacting with relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian C Evans
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
- Address correspondence to Julian C. Evans. E-mail:
| | - Anna K Lindholm
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Barbara König
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
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9
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Ruf T, Bieber C. Physiological, Behavioral, and Life-History Adaptations to Environmental Fluctuations in the Edible Dormouse. Front Physiol 2020; 11:423. [PMID: 32431626 PMCID: PMC7214925 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The edible dormouse (Glis glis, formerly Myoxus glis) is a small arboreal mammal inhabiting deciduous forests in Europe. This rodent shows behavioral and physiological adaptations to three types of environmental fluctuations: (i) predictable seasonal variation in climate and food resources (ii) unpredictable year-to-year fluctuation in seed-production by trees and (iii) day-to-day variation in ambient temperature and precipitation. They cope with seasonally fluctuating conditions by seasonal fattening and hibernation. Dormice have adjusted to tree-mast fluctuations, i.e., pulsed resources, by sensing future seed availability in spring, and restricting reproduction to years with at least some seed production by beech and oak trees, which are a crucial food-resource for fast-growing juveniles in fall. Finally, dormice respond to short-term drops in ambient temperature by increased use of daily torpor as well as by huddling in groups of up to 24 conspecifics. These responses to environmental fluctuations strongly interact with each other: Dormice are much more prone to using daily torpor and huddling in non-reproductive years, because active gonads can counteract torpor and energy requirements for reproduction may prevent the sharing of food resources associated with huddling. Accordingly, foraging activity in fall is much more intense in reproductive mast years. Also, depending on their energy reserves, dormice may retreat to underground burrows in the summers of non-reproductive years, causing an extension of the hibernation season to up to 11.4 months. In addition to these interactions, responses to environmental fluctuations are modulated by the progression of life-history stages. With increasing age and diminishing chances of future reproduction, females reproduce with increasing frequency even under suboptimal environmental conditions. Simultaneously, older dormice shorten the hibernation season and phase-advance the emergence from hibernation in spring, apparently to occupy good breeding territories early, despite increased predation risk above ground. All of the above adaptions, i.e., huddling, torpor, hibernation, and reproduction skipping do not merely optimize energy-budgets but also help to balance individual predation risk against reproductive success, which adds another layer of complexity to the ability to make flexible adjustments in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ruf
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Bieber
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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10
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Hendrix JG, Fisher DN, Martinig AR, Boutin S, Dantzer B, Lane JE, McAdam AG. Territory acquisition mediates the influence of predators and climate on juvenile red squirrel survival. J Anim Ecol 2020; 89:1408-1418. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack G. Hendrix
- Cognitive and Behavioural Ecology Interdisciplinary Program Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John's NL Canada
- Department of Integrative Biology University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada
| | - David N. Fisher
- Department of Integrative Biology University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | | | - Stan Boutin
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
| | - Ben Dantzer
- Department of Psychology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Jeffrey E. Lane
- Department of Biology University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK Canada
| | - Andrew G. McAdam
- Department of Integrative Biology University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada
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11
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Ruf T, Bieber C. Use of social thermoregulation fluctuates with mast seeding and reproduction in a pulsed resource consumer. Oecologia 2020; 192:919-928. [PMID: 32166391 PMCID: PMC7165186 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04627-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Edible dormice (Glis glis) can remain entirely solitary but frequently share sleeping sites with conspecifics in groups of up to 16 adults and yearlings. Here, we analysed grouping behaviour of 4564 marked individuals, captured in a 13-year study in nest boxes in a deciduous forest. We aimed to clarify (i) whether social thermoregulation is the primary cause for group formation and (ii) which factors affect group size and composition. Dormice temporarily formed both mixed and single-sex groups in response to acute cold ambient temperatures, especially those individuals with small body mass. Thus, thermoregulatory huddling appears to be the driving force for group formation in this species. Huddling was avoided-except for conditions of severe cold load-in years of full mast seeding, which is associated with reproduction and high foraging activity. Almost all females remained solitary during reproduction and lactation. Hence, entire populations of dormice switched between predominantly solitary lives in reproductive years to social behaviour in non-reproductive years. Non-social behaviour pointed to costs of huddling in terms of competition for local food resources even when food is generally abundant. The impact of competition was mitigated by a sex ratio that was biased towards males, which avoids sharing of food resources with related females that have extremely high energy demands during lactation. Importantly, dormice preferentially huddled in male-biased groups with litter mates from previous years. The fraction of related individuals increased with group size. Hence, group composition partly offsets the costs of shared food resources via indirect fitness benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ruf
- Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Savoyenstraße 1, 1160, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Claudia Bieber
- Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Savoyenstraße 1, 1160, Vienna, Austria
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12
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Moss JB, Gerber GP, Laaser T, Goetz M, Oyog T, Welch ME. Conditional female strategies influence hatching success in a communally nesting iguana. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:3424-3438. [PMID: 32273999 PMCID: PMC7141077 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The decision of females to nest communally has important consequences for reproductive success. While often associated with reduced energetic expenditure, conspecific aggregations also expose females and offspring to conspecific aggression, exploitation, and infanticide. Intrasexual competition pressures are expected to favor the evolution of conditional strategies, which could be based on simple decision rules (i.e., availability of nesting sites and synchronicity with conspecifics) or on a focal individual's condition or status (i.e., body size). Oviparous reptiles that reproduce seasonally and provide limited to no postnatal care provide ideal systems for disentangling social factors that influence different female reproductive tactics from those present in offspring-rearing environments. In this study, we investigated whether nesting strategies in a West Indian rock iguana, Cyclura nubila caymanensis, vary conditionally with reproductive timing or body size, and evaluated consequences for nesting success. Nesting surveys were conducted on Little Cayman, Cayman Islands, British West Indies for four consecutive years. Use of high-density nesting sites was increasingly favored up to seasonal nesting activity peaks, after which nesting was generally restricted to low-density nesting areas. Although larger females were not more likely than smaller females to nest in high-density areas, larger females nested earlier and gained access to priority oviposition sites. Smaller females constructed nests later in the season, apparently foregoing investment in extended nest defense. Late-season nests were also constructed at shallower depths and exhibited shorter incubation periods. While nest depth and incubation length had significant effects on reproductive outcomes, so did local nest densities. Higher densities were associated with significant declines in hatching success, with up to 20% of egg-filled nests experiencing later intrusion by a conspecific. Despite these risks, nests in high-density areas were significantly more successful than elsewhere due to the benefits of greater chamber depths and longer incubation times. These results imply that communal nest sites convey honest signals of habitat quality, but that gaining and defending priority oviposition sites requires competitive ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette B. Moss
- Biological Sciences DepartmentMississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA
| | - Glenn P. Gerber
- Institute for Conservation ResearchSan Diego Zoo GlobalEscondidoCAUSA
| | - Tanja Laaser
- Cayman Islands Department of EnvironmentGeorge TownCayman Islands
| | - Matthias Goetz
- Department of HerpetologyDurrell Wildlife Conservation TrustJerseyUK
| | - TayVanis Oyog
- Cayman Islands Department of EnvironmentGeorge TownCayman Islands
| | - Mark E. Welch
- Biological Sciences DepartmentMississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA
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13
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Martinig AR, McAdam AG, Dantzer B, Lane JE, Coltman DW, Boutin S. The new kid on the block: immigrant males win big whereas females pay fitness cost after dispersal. Ecol Lett 2019; 23:430-438. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.13436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew G. McAdam
- Department of Integrative Biology University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada
| | - Ben Dantzer
- Department of Psychology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Jeffrey E. Lane
- Department of Biology University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK Canada
| | - David W. Coltman
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
| | - Stan Boutin
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
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14
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Snow roosting reduces temperature-associated stress in a wintering bird. Oecologia 2019; 190:309-321. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04389-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Groó Z, Szenczi P, Bánszegi O, Nagy Z, Altbäcker V. The influence of familiarity and temperature on the huddling behavior of two mouse species with contrasting social systems. Behav Processes 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Eppley TM, Watzek J, Hall K, Donati G. Climatic, social and reproductive influences on behavioural thermoregulation in a female-dominated lemur. Anim Behav 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Sondej I, Kwiatkowska-Falińska AJ. Effects of Wild Boar (Sus scrofaL.) Rooting on Seedling Emergence in Białowieża Forest. POLISH JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.3161/15052249pje2017.65.4.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Sondej
- Department of Natural Forests, Forest Research Institute, Park Dyrekcyjny 6, 17-230 Białowieża, Poland
| | - Anna J. Kwiatkowska-Falińska
- Białowieża Geobotanical Station of the Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Sportowa 19, 17-230 Białowieża, Poland
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18
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Siracusa E, Boutin S, Humphries MM, Gorrell JC, Coltman DW, Dantzer B, Lane JE, McAdam AG. Familiarity with neighbours affects intrusion risk in territorial red squirrels. Anim Behav 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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19
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Russo D, Cistrone L, Budinski I, Console G, Della Corte M, Milighetti C, Di Salvo I, Nardone V, Brigham RM, Ancillotto L. Sociality influences thermoregulation and roost switching in a forest bat using ephemeral roosts. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:5310-5321. [PMID: 28770069 PMCID: PMC5528228 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In summer, many temperate bat species use daytime torpor, but breeding females do so less to avoid interferences with reproduction. In forest-roosting bats, deep tree cavities buffer roost microclimate from abrupt temperature oscillations and facilitate thermoregulation. Forest bats also switch roosts frequently, so thermally suitable cavities may be limiting. We tested how barbastelle bats (Barbastella barbastellus), often roosting beneath flaking bark in snags, may thermoregulate successfully despite the unstable microclimate of their preferred cavities. We assessed thermoregulation patterns of bats roosting in trees in a beech forest of central Italy. Although all bats used torpor, females were more often normothermic. Cavities were poorly insulated, but social thermoregulation probably overcomes this problem. A model incorporating the presence of roost mates and group size explained thermoregulation patterns better than others based, respectively, on the location and structural characteristics of tree roosts and cavities, weather, or sex, reproductive or body condition. Homeothermy was recorded for all subjects, including nonreproductive females: This probably ensures availability of a warm roosting environment for nonvolant juveniles. Homeothermy may also represent a lifesaver for bats roosting beneath loose bark, very exposed to predators, because homeothermic bats may react quickly in case of emergency. We also found that barbastelle bats maintain group cohesion when switching roosts: This may accelerate roost occupation at the end of a night, quickly securing a stable microclimate in the newly occupied cavity. Overall, both thermoregulation and roost-switching patterns were satisfactorily explained as adaptations to a structurally and thermally labile roosting environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Russo
- Wildlife Research UnitDipartimento di AgrariaUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IIPorticiItaly
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | | | - Ivana Budinski
- Department of Genetic ResearchInstitute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”University of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Giulia Console
- Dipartimento di BiologiaUniversità degli Studi di FirenzeFirenzeItaly
| | - Martina Della Corte
- Dipartimento di Biologia Strutturale e FunzionaleUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IINapoliItaly
| | - Claudia Milighetti
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin”Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”RomaItaly
| | - Ivy Di Salvo
- Wildlife Research UnitDipartimento di AgrariaUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IIPorticiItaly
| | - Valentina Nardone
- Wildlife Research UnitDipartimento di AgrariaUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IIPorticiItaly
| | | | - Leonardo Ancillotto
- Wildlife Research UnitDipartimento di AgrariaUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IIPorticiItaly
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20
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Theimer TC, Williams CT, Johnson SR, Gilbert AT, Bergman DL, Buck CL. Den use and heterothermy during winter in free-living, suburban striped skunks. J Mammal 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyx009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Shonfield J, Gorrell JC, Coltman DW, Boutin S, Humphries MM, Wilson DR, McAdam AG. Using playback of territorial calls to investigate mechanisms of kin discrimination in red squirrels. Behav Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arw165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Asari Y, Yanagawa H. A Preliminary Study of Communal Nesting of Siberian Flying SquirrelsPteromys volansin Japan. MAMMAL STUDY 2016. [DOI: 10.3106/041.041.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ripperger S, Josic D, Hierold M, Koelpin A, Weigel R, Hartmann M, Page R, Mayer F. Automated proximity sensing in small vertebrates: design of miniaturized sensor nodes and first field tests in bats. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:2179-89. [PMID: 27069579 PMCID: PMC4782256 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Social evolution has led to a stunning diversity of complex social behavior, in particular in vertebrate taxa. Thorough documentation of social interactions is crucial to study the causes and consequences of sociality in gregarious animals. Wireless digital transceivers represent a promising tool to revolutionize data collection for the study of social interactions in terms of the degree of automation, data quantity, and quality. Unfortunately, devices for automated proximity sensing via direct communication among animal‐borne sensors are usually heavy and do not allow for the investigation of small animal species, which represent the majority of avian and mammalian taxa. We present a lightweight animal‐borne sensor node that is built from commercially available components and uses a sophisticated scheme for energy‐efficient communication, with high sampling rates at relatively low power consumption. We demonstrate the basic functionality of the sensor node under laboratory conditions and its applicability for the study of social interactions among free‐ranging animals. The first field tests were performed on two species of bats in temperate and tropical ecosystems. At <2 g, this sensor node is light enough to observe a broad spectrum of taxa including small vertebrates. Given our specifications, the system was especially sensitive to changes in distance within the short range (up to a distance of 4 m between tags). High spatial resolution at short distances enables the evaluation of interactions among individuals at a fine scale and the investigation of close contacts. This technology opens new avenues of research, allowing detailed investigation of events associated with social contact, such as mating behavior, pathogen transmission, social learning, and resource sharing. Social behavior that is not easily observed becomes observable, for example, in animals living in burrows or in nocturnal animals. A switch from traditional methods to the application of digital transceiver chips in proximity sensing offers numerous advantages in addition to an enormous increase in data quality and quantity. For future applications, the platform allows for the integration of additional sensors that may collect physiological or environmental data. Such information complements social network studies and may allow for a deeper understanding of animal ecology and social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ripperger
- Museum für Naturkunde Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science Berlin Germany
| | - Darija Josic
- Museum für Naturkunde Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science Berlin Germany
| | - Martin Hierold
- Institute for Electronics Engineering Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Erlangen Germany
| | - Alexander Koelpin
- Institute for Electronics Engineering Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Erlangen Germany
| | - Robert Weigel
- Institute for Electronics Engineering Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Erlangen Germany
| | - Markus Hartmann
- Information Technology (Communication Electronics) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Erlangen Germany
| | - Rachel Page
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Apartado 0843-03092 Balboa, Ancón Panama
| | - Frieder Mayer
- Museum für Naturkunde Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science Berlin Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research Berlin Germany
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Wilson DR, Goble AR, Boutin S, Humphries MM, Coltman DW, Gorrell JC, Shonfield J, McAdam AG. Red squirrels use territorial vocalizations for kin discrimination. Anim Behav 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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The effects of maternal presence on natal dispersal are seasonally flexible in an asocial rodent. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-015-1920-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Williams CT, Wilsterman K, Kelley AD, Breton AR, Stark H, Humphries MM, McAdam AG, Barnes BM, Boutin S, Buck CL. Light loggers reveal weather-driven changes in the daily activity patterns of arboreal and semifossorial rodents. J Mammal 2014. [DOI: 10.1644/14-mamm-a-062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Podgórski T, Scandura M, Jędrzejewska B. Next of kin next door - philopatry and socio-genetic population structure in wild boar. J Zool (1987) 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Podgórski
- Mammal Research Institute; Polish Academy of Sciences; Białowieża Poland
| | - M. Scandura
- Department of Science for Nature and Environmental Resources; University of Sassari; Sassari Italy
| | - B. Jędrzejewska
- Mammal Research Institute; Polish Academy of Sciences; Białowieża Poland
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Podgórski T, Lusseau D, Scandura M, Sönnichsen L, Jędrzejewska B. Long-lasting, kin-directed female interactions in a spatially structured wild boar social network. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99875. [PMID: 24919178 PMCID: PMC4053407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals can increase inclusive fitness benefits through a complex network of social interactions directed towards kin. Preferential relationships with relatives lead to the emergence of kin structures in the social system. Cohesive social groups of related individuals and female philopatry of wild boar create conditions for cooperation through kin selection and make the species a good biological model for studying kin structures. Yet, the role of kinship in shaping the social structure of wild boar populations is still poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated spatio-temporal patterns of associations and the social network structure of the wild boar Sus scrofa population in Białowieża National Park, Poland, which offered a unique opportunity to understand wild boar social interactions away from anthropogenic factors. We used a combination of telemetry data and genetic information to examine the impact of kinship on network cohesion and the strength of social bonds. Relatedness and spatial proximity between individuals were positively related to the strength of social bond. Consequently, the social network was spatially and genetically structured with well-defined and cohesive social units. However, spatial proximity between individuals could not entirely explain the association patterns and network structure. Genuine, kin-targeted, and temporarily stable relationships of females extended beyond spatial proximity between individuals while males interactions were short-lived and not shaped by relatedness. The findings of this study confirm the matrilineal nature of wild boar social structure and show how social preferences of individuals translate into an emergent socio-genetic population structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Podgórski
- Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Białowieża, Poland
| | - David Lusseau
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Massimo Scandura
- Department of Science for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Leif Sönnichsen
- Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Białowieża, Poland
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Communal nesting is explained by subsequent mating rather than kinship or thermoregulation in the Siberian flying squirrel. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-014-1709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Does communal nesting help thermoregulation in Japanese flying squirrels (Pteromys momonga) in winter? RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF THERIOLOGY 1970. [DOI: 10.15298/rusjtheriol.21.1.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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