1
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Penteriani V, Etchart L, González-Bernardo E, Hartasánchez A, Falcinelli D, Ruiz‑Villar H, Morales‑González A, Delgado MDM. Sex-, age-, and time-specific visual communication in brown bears. J Mammal 2023; 104:279-291. [PMID: 37032703 PMCID: PMC10075341 DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyac126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Intraspecific communication in mammals is well-documented but generally restricted to chemical and acoustic signaling. However, other overlooked channels, such as visual signaling, may be used to communicate among conspecifics. Here, by using experimental manipulations together with camera traps on 13 brown bear (Ursus arctos) rubbing trees in the Cantabrian Mountains (northwestern Spain), we document detailed temporal patterns and behavioral aspects of a recently discovered novel communication channel for this species, visual signaling through the trunk debarking of focal trees. Video footage showed that visual marking is a sex-, age-, and time-specific means of communication in brown bears, being performed exclusively by adult males during the mating season (mainly April–June in the study area). Trunk debarking was always associated with chemical marking and was never an isolated behavior, suggesting that visual and chemical signals might be complementary. Visual and chemical marks may provide different information; for example, visual marks could be an indicator of individual size and, thus, the dominance status of adult males looking for mating opportunities. This is the first time that evidence is provided showing that visual signaling in a large carnivore is exclusive to a specific class of individuals (adult males) and linked to reproductive needs only. Bear visual signaling not only represents an advance in our comprehension of animal communication but may also serve to easily locate the mating areas of mammals, which are crucial for large carnivore species, such as the brown bear, that frequently need specific and urgent plans for conservation and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Penteriani
- National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN), Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , c/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid , Spain
| | - Léa Etchart
- UMR 6249 Chrono-environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté , 16 route de Gray, 25000 Besançon , France
| | - Enrique González-Bernardo
- Departamento de Zoología, Universidad de Granada, Facultad de Ciencias , Avda. Fuente Nueva S/N, E-18071 Granada , Spain
| | - Alfonso Hartasánchez
- FAPAS Fondo para la Protección de los Animales Salvajes , Ctra. AS-228, km 8,9 – Tuñón, 33115 Santo Adriano, Asturias , Spain
| | - Daniele Falcinelli
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome , 00185 Rome , Italy
| | - Héctor Ruiz‑Villar
- Biodiversity Research Institute (IMIB, CSIC-Oviedo University-Principality of Asturias), Mieres Campus , 33600 Mieres , Spain
| | - Ana Morales‑González
- Department of Conservation Biology, Estación Biológica de Doñana , C.S.I.C, Avda. Americo Vespucio 26, 41092 Seville , Spain
| | - María del Mar Delgado
- Biodiversity Research Institute (IMIB, CSIC-Oviedo University-Principality of Asturias), Mieres Campus , 33600 Mieres , Spain
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2
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Tapanes E, Kamilar JM, Nukala MA, Irwin MT, Bradley BJ. Melanism in a Wild Sifaka Population: Darker Where Cold and Fragmented. INT J PRIMATOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-022-00323-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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3
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Zheng K, Liang D, Wang X, Han Y, Griesser M, Liu Y, Fan P. Contrasting coloured ventral wings are a visual collision avoidance signal in birds. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20220678. [PMID: 35858052 PMCID: PMC9257291 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Collisions between fast-moving objects often cause severe damage, but collision avoidance mechanisms of fast-moving animals remain understudied. Particularly, birds can fly fast and often in large groups, raising the question of how individuals avoid in-flight collisions that are potentially lethal. We tested the collision-avoidance hypothesis, which proposes that conspicuously contrasting ventral wings are visual signals that help birds to avoid collisions. We scored the ventral wing contrasts for a global dataset of 1780 bird species. Phylogenetic comparative analyses showed that larger species had more contrasting ventral wings than smaller species, and that in larger species, colonial breeders had more contrasting ventral wings than non-colonial breeders. Evidently, larger species have lower manoeuvrability than smaller species, and colonial-breeding species frequently encounter con- and heterospecifics, increasing their risk of in-flight collisions. Thus, more contrasting ventral wing patterns in these species are a sensory mechanism that facilitates collision avoidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaidan Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,Princeton School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Xuwen Wang
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46225, USA
| | - Yuqing Han
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael Griesser
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany,Department of Collective Behavior, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China,State Key Laboratory of Biological Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,State Key Laboratory of Biological Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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4
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Abstract
The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an iconic mammal, but the function of its black-and-white coloration is mysterious. Using photographs of giant pandas taken in the wild and state-of-the-art image analysis, we confirm the counterintuitive hypothesis that their coloration provides camouflage in their natural environment. The black fur blends into dark shades and tree trunks, whereas white fur matches foliage and snow when present, and intermediate pelage tones match rocks and ground. At longer viewing distances giant pandas show high edge disruption that breaks up their outline, and up close they rely more on background matching. The results are consistent across acuity-corrected canine, feline, and human vision models. We also show quantitatively that the species animal-to-background colour matching falls within the range of other species that are widely recognised as cryptic. Thus, their coloration is an adaptation to provide background matching in the visual environment in which they live and simultaneously to afford distance-dependent disruptive coloration, the latter of which constitutes the first computational evidence of this form of protective coloration in mammals.
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5
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Hofmeester TR, Thorsen NH, Linnell JDC, Odden J. Camera trap records of leucistic Eurasian badgers ( Meles meles) in central Norway. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:12902-12907. [PMID: 34646442 PMCID: PMC8495824 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Coat coloration plays an important role in communication, camouflage, and sexual selection in animals. Genetic mutations can lead to anomalous colorations such as melanism and leucism, where animals appear, respectively, darker or lighter than normal. Reporting abnormal coloration in wild animals is an important first step to understand the distribution, prevalence, and potential fitness consequences of these rare events. Here, we report several records of suspected leucism in the Eurasian badger (Meles meles) in a population in central Norway. Several camera traps recorded at least two leucistic individuals between 2017 and 2020. It took considerable effort, almost 400,000 camera trap nights over a period of 10 years all over Norway, to obtain a total of eleven records of leucistic badgers, indicating the rarity of this phenotype. It is unclear what has caused the presence of multiple leucistic badgers in a single population, but recent colonization and lack of predators might have played a role. Due to our observations, future studies can now be developed to study the underlying mechanisms and potential consequences of leucism in this badger population. The increasing use of networks of camera traps in wildlife research will provide new opportunities to record rare coloration in wild animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim R. Hofmeester
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental StudiesSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeåSweden
| | | | - John D. C. Linnell
- Norwegian Institute for Nature ResearchTrondheimNorway
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife ManagementInland Norway University of Applied SciencesKoppangNorway
| | - John Odden
- Norwegian Institute for Nature ResearchOsloNorway
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6
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Howell N, Sheard C, Koneru M, Brockelsby K, Ono K, Caro T. Aposematism in mammals. Evolution 2021; 75:2480-2493. [PMID: 34347894 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aposematic coloration is traditionally considered to signal unpalatability or toxicity. In mammals, most research has focused on just one form of defense, namely, noxious anal secretions, and its black-and-white advertisement as exemplified by skunks. The original formulation of aposematism, however, encompassed a broader range of morphological, physiological, and behavioral defenses, and there are many mammal species with black-and-white contrasting patterns that do not have noxious adaptations. Here, using Bayesian phylogenetic models and data from 1726 terrestrial nonvolant mammals we find that two aspects of conspicuous coloration, black-and-white coloration patterns on the head and body, advertise defenses that are morphological (spines, large body size), behavioral (pugnacity), and physiological (anal secretions), as well as being involved with sexual signaling and environmental factors linked to crypsis. Within Carnivora, defensive anal secretions are associated with complex black-and-white head patterns and longitudinal black-and-white body striping; in primates, larger bodied species exhibit irregular patches of black-and-white pelage; and in rodents, pugnacity is linked to sharp countershading and irregular blocks of white and black pelage. We show that black-and-white coloration in mammals is multifunctional, that it serves to warn predators of several defenses other than noxious anal secretions, and that aposematism in mammals is not restricted to carnivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Howell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Sheard
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom
| | - Manisha Koneru
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, 95616
| | - Kasey Brockelsby
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, 95616
| | - Konatsu Ono
- Department of Animal Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, 95616
| | - Tim Caro
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom.,Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, 95616
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7
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Caro T, Brockelsby K, Ferrari A, Koneru M, Ono K, Touche E, Stankowich T. The evolution of primate coloration revisited. Behav Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arab029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Primates are noted for their varied and complex pelage and bare skin coloration but the significance of this diverse coloration remains opaque. Using new updated information, novel scoring of coat and skin coloration, and controlling for shared ancestry, we reexamined and extended findings from previous studies across the whole order and the five major clades within it. Across primates, we found (i) direct and indirect evidence for pelage coloration being driven by protective coloration strategies including background matching, countershading, disruptive coloration, and aposematism, (ii) diurnal primates being more colorful, and (iii) the possibility that pelage color diversity is negatively associated with female trichromatic vision; while (iv) reaffirming avoidance of hybridization driving head coloration in males, (v) darker species living in warm, humid conditions (Gloger’s rule), and (vi) advertising to multiple mating partners favoring red genitalia in females. Nonetheless, the importance of these drivers varies greatly across clades. In strepsirrhines and cercopithecoids, countershading is important; greater color diversity may be important for conspecific signaling in more diurnal and social strepsirrhines; lack of female color vision may be associated with colorful strepsirrhines and platyrrhines; whereas cercopithecoids obey Gloger’s rule. Haplorrhines show background matching, aposematism, character displacement, and red female genitalia where several mating partners are available. Our findings emphasize several evolutionary drivers of coloration in this extraordinarily colorful order. Throughout, we used coarse but rigorous measures of coloration, and our ability to replicate findings from earlier studies opens up opportunities for classifying coloration of large numbers of species at a macroevolutionary scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Caro
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
- Center for Population Biology, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kasey Brockelsby
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Annie Ferrari
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Manisha Koneru
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Konatsu Ono
- Department of Animal Biology, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Edward Touche
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Theodore Stankowich
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA
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8
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Bell RB, Bradley BJ, Kamilar JM. The Evolutionary Ecology of Primate Hair Coloration: A Phylogenetic Approach. J MAMM EVOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10914-021-09547-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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Penteriani V, González-Bernardo E, Hartasánchez A, Ruiz-Villar H, Morales-González A, Ordiz A, Bombieri G, Diaz García J, Cañedo D, Bettega C, Delgado MDM. Visual marking in mammals first proved by manipulations of brown bear tree debarking. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9492. [PMID: 33947891 PMCID: PMC8096968 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88472-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The rather limited human ability to understand animal vision and visual signalling has frequently clouded our expectations concerning the visual abilities of other animals. But there are multiple reasons to suspect that visual signalling is more widely employed by animals than previously thought. Because visibility of visual marks depends on the background in which they are seen, species spending most of their time living in dark conditions (e.g., in forests and/or having crepuscular and nocturnal habits) may rely on bright signals to enhance visual display. Here, as a result of experimental manipulations, we present, for the first time ever, evidence supporting the use of a new channel of intraspecific communication by a mammal species, i.e., brown bear Ursus arctos adult males relying on visual marks during mating. Bear reactions to our manipulation suggest that visual signalling could represent a widely overlooked mechanism in mammal communication, which may be more broadly employed than was previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Penteriani
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UMIB, CSIC-UO-PA), Mieres Campus, 33600, Mieres, Spain.
| | - Enrique González-Bernardo
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UMIB, CSIC-UO-PA), Mieres Campus, 33600, Mieres, Spain
- Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (IPE), C.S.I.C., Avda. Montañana 1005, 50059, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alfonso Hartasánchez
- FAPAS Fondo para la Protección de los Animales Salvajes, Ctra. AS-228, km 8,9 - Tuñón, 33115, Santo Adriano, Asturias, Spain
| | - Héctor Ruiz-Villar
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UMIB, CSIC-UO-PA), Mieres Campus, 33600, Mieres, Spain
| | - Ana Morales-González
- Department of Conservation Biology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, C.S.I.C, Avda. Americo Vespucio 26, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Andrés Ordiz
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Postbox 5003, NO-1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Giulia Bombieri
- MUSE - Museo delle Scienze, Sezione Zoologia dei Vertebrati, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Juan Diaz García
- Consejería de Ordenación del Territorio, Infraestructuras y Medio Ambiente, Dirección General de Biodiversidad, Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Spain
| | - David Cañedo
- Consejería de Ordenación del Territorio, Infraestructuras y Medio Ambiente, Dirección General de Biodiversidad, Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Spain
| | - Chiara Bettega
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UMIB, CSIC-UO-PA), Mieres Campus, 33600, Mieres, Spain
| | - María Del Mar Delgado
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UMIB, CSIC-UO-PA), Mieres Campus, 33600, Mieres, Spain
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10
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de Moraes PZ, Diniz P, Spyrides MHC, Pessoa DMA. The effect of pelage, background, and distance on predator detection and the evolution of primate color vision. Am J Primatol 2021; 83:e23230. [PMID: 33475188 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Primates' predators, such as carnivore mammals, usually rely on camouflage to increase proximity to prey and start a predatory attempt. Camouflage depends not only on the color pattern presented by a predator's pelage but also on the background scene in which the hunting takes place. Another factor that influences camouflage effectiveness is prey's color vision since a given camouflage strategy might not work for all visual phenotypes. Still, little research has been made on the effect of primate visual phenotype on predator detection. Here, we investigate the effects of natural pelages, background scenarios, visual phenotypes, and detection distances on predator detection. We used photographs of taxidermized carnivores (ocelots, cougars, and lesser grisons) as detection stimuli, taken in three different natural scenarios (forest, savanna, and grassland), and at two viewing distances (near and far). On a touchscreen monitor, sets of four images (only one containing a hidden animal) were randomly presented to 39 human males (19 dichromats and 20 trichromats). We found that trichromats, when compared to dichromats, present a lower latency and a higher accuracy of carnivore detection for some conditions tested. We also found that pelage color, background scenario, and detection distance interact to influence the effectiveness of camouflage. Our results suggest that trichromacy might be even more advantageous for carnivore detection than thought before, since it facilitates detection of mammals with diverse pelage colorations, in environments with different phytophysiognomies, and at longer distances. We also propose that the higher rates of dichromacy found in modern human societies could have resulted from a relaxation in predation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Z de Moraes
- Laboratory of Sensory Ecology, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Pedro Diniz
- Ecology Graduation Program, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, 70910-900, Brazil.,Laboratory of Animal Behavior, Department of Zoology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Helena C Spyrides
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Daniel M A Pessoa
- Laboratory of Sensory Ecology, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 59078-970, Brazil.,Primate Center, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 59078-970, Brazil
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11
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Penteriani V, Te WS, May CL, Wah SY, Crudge B, Broadis N, Bombieri G, Valderrábano E, Russo LF, Mar Delgado MD. Characteristics of sun bear chest marks and their patterns of individual variation. URSUS 2021. [DOI: 10.2192/ursus-d-19-00027.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Penteriani
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UMIB, CSIC-UO-PA), Mieres Campus, 33600 Mieres, Spain
| | - Wong Siew Te
- Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre, PPM 219, Elopura, 90000 Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia (https://www.bsbcc.org.my/)
| | - Chiew Lin May
- Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre, PPM 219, Elopura, 90000 Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia (https://www.bsbcc.org.my/)
| | - Seng Yen Wah
- Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre, PPM 219, Elopura, 90000 Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia (https://www.bsbcc.org.my/)
| | - Brian Crudge
- Free the Bears, P.O. Box 273, Phnom Penh, Cambodia (https://freethebears.org/)
| | - Nev Broadis
- Free the Bears, P.O. Box 273, Phnom Penh, Cambodia (https://freethebears.org/)
| | - Giulia Bombieri
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UMIB, CSIC-UO-PA), Mieres Campus, 33600 Mieres, Spain
| | - Esther Valderrábano
- COPAR Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Luca Francesco Russo
- Università degli Studi del Molise, Dipartimento Bioscienze e Territorio, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090 Pesche (IS), Italy
| | - María Del Mar Delgado
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UMIB, CSIC-UO-PA), Mieres Campus, 33600 Mieres, Spain
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12
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Burrows AM, Kaminski J, Waller BM, Omstead KM, Rogers-Vizena C, Mendelson B. Dog faces exhibit anatomical differences in comparison to other domestic animals. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2020; 304:231-241. [PMID: 32969196 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Burrows
- Department of Physical Therapy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Juliane Kaminski
- Department of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Bridget M Waller
- Department of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Kailey M Omstead
- Department of Physical Therapy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Carolyn Rogers-Vizena
- Department of Plastic & Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bryan Mendelson
- The Centre for Facial Plastic Surgery, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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13
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Tapanes E, Anestis S, Kamilar JM, Bradley BJ. Does facial hair greying in chimpanzees provide a salient progressive cue of aging? PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235610. [PMID: 32663207 PMCID: PMC7360037 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The greying of human head hair is arguably the most salient marker of human aging. In wild mammal populations, greying can change with life history or environmental factors (e.g., sexual maturity in silverback gorillas). Yet, whether humans are unique in our pattern of age-related hair depigmentation is unclear. We examined the relationship between pigmentation loss in facial hair (greying) to age, population, and sex in wild and captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Digital facial photographs representing three chimpanzee populations (N = 145; ages 1–60 years) were scored for hair greying on a scale of one [~100% pigmented] to six [~0% pigmented]. Our data suggest that chimpanzee head and facial hair generally greys with age prior to mid-life (~30 years old), but afterwards, greying ceases to increase incrementally. Our results highlight that chimpanzee pigmentation likely exhibits substantial variation between populations, and that both 'grey' and pigmented phenotypes exist across various age classes. Thus, chimpanzee facial hair greying is unlikely a progressive indicator of age beyond mid-life, and thus facial greying in chimpanzees seems different from the pattern observed in humans. Whether this reflects neutral differences in senescence, or potential differences in selection pressures (e.g. related to conspecific communication), is unclear and worthy of more detailed examination across populations and taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Tapanes
- Department of Anthropology, Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Stephanie Anestis
- Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Jason M. Kamilar
- Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
- Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Brenda J. Bradley
- Department of Anthropology, Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
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14
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Cerezer FO, Ribeiro JRI, Graipel M, Cáceres NC. The dark side of coloration: Ecogeographical evidence supports Gloger's rule in American marsupials. Evolution 2020; 74:2046-2058. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe O. Cerezer
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, CCNE Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria RS 97105‐900 Brasil
| | - José R. I. Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Estudos da Biodiversidade do Pampa (LEBIP) Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel São Gabriel RS 97307‐020 Brasil
| | - Maurício Graipel
- Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, CCB Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Florianopolis SC 88040‐900 Brasil
| | - Nilton C. Cáceres
- Departamento de Ecologia e Evolução CCNE Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria RS 97110‐970 Brasil
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15
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Caro T, Newell C, Stankowich T. Ecocorrelates of pelage coloration in pigs and peccaries. J Mammal 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyy107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Caro
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Caroline Newell
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Theodore Stankowich
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA, USA
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Hegyi G, Laczi M, Kötél D, Csizmadia T, Lőw P, Rosivall B, Szöllősi E, Török J. Reflectance variation in the blue tit crown in relation to feather structure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:jeb.176727. [PMID: 29615523 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.176727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Structural plumage colour is one of the most enigmatic sexually selected traits. The information content of structural colour variation is debated, and the heterogeneity of the findings is hard to explain because the proximate background of within-species colour differences is very scarcely studied. We combined measurements of feather macrostructure and nanostructure to explain within-population variability in blue tit crown reflectance. We found that sexual dichromatism in aspects of crown reflectance was explained only by feather macrostructure, whereas nanostructural predictors accounted for some of the age-related differences in reflectance. Moreover, we found that both mean reflectance and spectral shape traits reflected a combination of quantity and regularity aspects in macrostructure and nanostructure. This rich proximate background provides ample scope for reflectance to convey various types of information on individual quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Hegyi
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Laczi
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.,The Barn Owl Foundation, Temesvári út 8, H-8744 Orosztony, Hungary
| | - Dóra Kötél
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Csizmadia
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Lőw
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Rosivall
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Szöllősi
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Török
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.,Ecology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
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