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Husain M, Rundle HD, Careau V. Among- and Within-Individual Variance in Metabolic Thermal Reaction Norms. ECOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 97:64-70. [PMID: 38717371 DOI: 10.1086/729925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
AbstractIn ectotherms, temperature has a strong effect on metabolic rate (MR), yet the extent to which the thermal sensitivity of MR varies among versus within individuals is largely unknown. This is of interest because significant among-individual variation is a prerequisite for the evolution of metabolic thermal sensitivity. Here, we estimated the repeatability (R) of the thermal sensitivity of MR in individual virgin, adult male Drosophila melanogaster (N = 316 ) by taking repeated overnight measures of their MRs at two temperatures (~24°C and ~27°C). At the population level, thermal sensitivity decreased with locomotor activity, and older individuals showed a higher thermal sensitivity of MR than younger individuals. Taking these effects (and body mass) into account, we detected significant repeatability in both the centered intercept (R int = 0.52 ± 0.04 ) and the slope (R slp = 0.21 ± 0.07 ) of the metabolic thermal reaction norms, which respectively represent average MR and thermal sensitivity of MR. Furthermore, individuals with a higher overall MR also displayed greater increases in MR as temperature increased from ~24°C to ~27°C (r ind = 0.32 ± 0.14 ). Average MR and thermal sensitivity of MR were also positively correlated within individuals (r e = 0.15 ± 0.07 ). Our study represents a point of departure for future larger studies, in which more complex protocols (e.g., wider temperature range, breeding design) can be applied to quantify the causal components of variation in thermal sensitivity that are needed to make accurate predictions of adaptive responses to global warming.
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2
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Prabh N, Linnenbrink M, Jovicic M, Guenther A. Fast adjustment of pace-of-life and risk-taking to changes in food quality by altered gene expression in house mice. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:99-110. [PMID: 36366786 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The pace-of-life syndrome hypothesis provides a framework for the adaptive integration of behaviour, physiology and life history between and within species. It suggests that behaviours involving a risk of death or injury should co-vary with a higher allocation to fast reproduction. Empirical support for this hypothesis is mixed, presumably because important influencing factors such as environmental variation, are usually neglected. By experimentally manipulating food quality of wild mice living under semi-natural conditions for three generations, we show that individuals adjust their life history strategies and risk-taking behaviours as well as trait covariation (Nindividuals = 1442). These phenotypic differences are correlated to differences in transcriptomic gene expression of primary metabolic processes in the liver while no changes in gene frequencies occurred. Our discussion emphasises the need to integrate the role of environmental conditions and phenotypic plasticity in shaping relationships among behaviour, physiology and life history in response to changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neel Prabh
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | | | - Milan Jovicic
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - Anja Guenther
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
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3
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Alternative telomere maintenance mechanism in Alligator sinensis provides insights into aging evolution. iScience 2022; 26:105850. [PMID: 36636341 PMCID: PMC9829719 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifespan is a life-history trait that undergoes natural selection. Telomeres are hallmarks of aging, and shortening rate predicts species lifespan, making telomere maintenance mechanisms throughout different lifespans a worthy topic for study. Alligators are suitable for the exploration of anti-aging molecular mechanisms, because they exhibit low or even negligible mortality in adults and no significant telomere shortening. Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) expression is absent in the adult Alligator sinensis, as in humans. Selection analyses on telomere maintenance genes indicated that ATM, FANCE, SAMHD1, HMBOX1, NAT10, and MAP3K4 experienced positive selection on A. sinensis. Repressed pleiotropic ATM kinase in A. sinensis suggests their fitness optimum shift. In ATM downstream, Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres (ALT)-related genes were clustered in a higher expression pattern in A. sinensis, which covers 10-15% of human cancers showing no telomerase activities. In summary, we demonstrated how telomere shortening, telomerase activities, and ALT contributed to anti-aging strategies.
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4
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State and physiology behind personality in arthropods: a review. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-022-03259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn the endeavour to understand the causes and consequences of the variation in animal personality, a wide range of studies were carried out, utilising various aspects to make sense of this biological phenomenon. One such aspect integrated the study of physiological traits, investigating hypothesised physiological correlates of personality. Although many of such studies were carried out on vertebrates (predominantly on birds and mammals), studies using arthropods (mainly insects) as model organisms were also at the forefront of this area of research. In order to review the current state of knowledge on the relationship between personality and the most frequently studied physiological parameters in arthropods, we searched for scientific articles that investigated this relationship. In our review, we only included papers utilising a repeated-measures methodology to be conceptually and formally concordant with the study of animal personality. Based on our literature survey, metabolic rate, thermal physiology, immunophysiology, and endocrine regulation, as well as exogenous agents (such as toxins) were often identified as significant affectors shaping animal personality in arthropods. We found only weak support for state-dependence of personality when the state is approximated by singular elements (or effectors) of condition. We conclude that a more comprehensive integration of physiological parameters with condition may be required for a better understanding of state’s importance in animal personality. Also, a notable knowledge gap persists in arthropods regarding the association between metabolic rate and hormonal regulation, and their combined effects on personality. We discuss the findings published on the physiological correlates of animal personality in arthropods with the aim to summarise current knowledge, putting it into the context of current theory on the origin of animal personality.
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5
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Mundinger C, Fleischer T, Scheuerlein A, Kerth G. Global warming leads to larger bats with a faster life history pace in the long-lived Bechstein's bat (Myotis bechsteinii). Commun Biol 2022; 5:682. [PMID: 35810175 PMCID: PMC9271042 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Whether species can cope with environmental change depends considerably on their life history. Bats have long lifespans and low reproductive rates which make them vulnerable to environmental changes. Global warming causes Bechstein’s bats (Myotis bechsteinii) to produce larger females that face a higher mortality risk. Here, we test whether these larger females are able to offset their elevated mortality risk by adopting a faster life history. We analysed an individual-based 25-year dataset from 331 RFID-tagged wild bats and combine genetic pedigrees with data on survival, reproduction and body size. We find that size-dependent fecundity and age at first reproduction drive the observed increase in mortality. Because larger females have an earlier onset of reproduction and shorter generation times, lifetime reproductive success remains remarkably stable across individuals with different body sizes. Our study demonstrates a rapid shift to a faster pace of life in a mammal with a slow life history. Warming summers across a 25-year study are linked to larger body sizes in female bats, leading to a switch from a slow-reproducing, long-lived species to a faster pace of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Mundinger
- Applied Zoology and Nature Conservation, Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Loitzer Straße 26, 17489, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Toni Fleischer
- Leipzig University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweisstraße 10, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Scheuerlein
- Applied Zoology and Nature Conservation, Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Loitzer Straße 26, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gerald Kerth
- Applied Zoology and Nature Conservation, Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Loitzer Straße 26, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
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6
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Patrick SC, Réale D, Potts JR, Wilson AJ, Doutrelant C, Teplitsky C, Charmantier A. Differences in the temporal scale of reproductive investment across the slow-fast continuum in a passerine. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:1139-1151. [PMID: 35235709 PMCID: PMC9541748 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Life-history strategies differ with respect to investment in current versus 'future' reproduction, but when is this future? Under the novel 'temporality in reproductive investment hypothesis', we postulate variation should exist in the time frame over which reproductive costs are paid. Slow-paced individuals should pay reproductive costs over short (e.g. inter-annual) time scales to prevent reproductive costs accumulating, whereas fast-paced individuals should allow costs to accumulate (i.e. senescence). Using Fourier transforms, we quantify adjustments in clutch size with age, across four populations of blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus). Fast populations had more prevalent and stronger long-term changes in reproductive investment, whereas slower populations had more prevalent short-term adjustments. Inter-annual environmental variation partly accounted for short-, but not long-term changes in reproductive investment. Our study reveals individuals differ in when they pay the cost of reproduction and that failure to partition this variation across different temporal scales and environments could underestimate reproductive trade-offs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha C Patrick
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Denis Réale
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec A Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jonathan R Potts
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alastair J Wilson
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter (Penryn Campus), Cornwall, UK
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7
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Kolonin AM, Bókony V, Bonner TH, Zúñiga-Vega JJ, Aspbury AS, Guzman A, Molina R, Calvillo P, Gabor CR. Coping with urban habitats via glucocorticoid regulation: physiology, behavior, and life history in stream fishes. Integr Comp Biol 2022; 62:90-103. [PMID: 35026022 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icac002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As environments become urbanized, tolerant species become more prevalent. The physiological, behavioral and life-history mechanisms associated with the success of such species in urbanized habitats are not well understood, especially in freshwater ecosystems. Here we examined the glucocorticoid (GC) profiles, life-history traits, and behavior of two species of fish across a gradient of urbanization to understand coping capacity and associated trade-offs. We studied the tolerant live-bearing Western Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) for two years and the slightly less tolerant, egg-laying, Blacktail Shiner (Cyprinella venusta) for one year. We used a water-borne hormone method to examine baseline, stress-induced, and recovery cortisol release rates across six streams with differing degrees of urbanization. We also measured life-history traits related to reproduction, and for G. affinis, we measured shoaling behavior and individual activity in a novel arena. Both species showed a trend for reduced stress responsiveness in more urbanized streams, accompanied by higher reproductive output. Although not all populations fit this trend, these results suggest that GC suppression may be adaptive for coping with urban habitats. In G. affinis, GC recovery increased with urbanization, and individuals with the lowest stress response and highest recovery had the greatest reproductive allotment, suggesting that rapid return to baseline GC levels is also an important coping mechanism. In G. affinis, urban populations showed altered life-history trade-offs whereas behavioral traits did not vary systematically with urbanization. Thus, these tolerant species of fish may cope with anthropogenically modified streams by altering their GC profiles and life-history trade-offs. These results contribute to understanding the mechanisms driving species-specific adaptations and thereby community structure in freshwater systems associated with land-use converted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arseniy M Kolonin
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666USA
| | - Veronika Bókony
- Lendület Evolutionary Ecology Research Group, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Herman Ottó út 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Timothy H Bonner
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666USA
| | - J Jaime Zúñiga-Vega
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuidad Universitaria 04510, Distrito Federal, Mexico
| | - Andrea S Aspbury
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666USA
| | - Alex Guzman
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666USA
| | - Roberto Molina
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666USA
| | - Pilo Calvillo
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666USA
| | - Caitlin R Gabor
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666USA.,The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
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8
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Bolstad GH, Karlsson S, Hagen IJ, Fiske P, Urdal K, Sægrov H, Florø-Larsen B, Sollien VP, Østborg G, Diserud OH, Jensen AJ, Hindar K. Introgression from farmed escapees affects the full life cycle of wild Atlantic salmon. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj3397. [PMID: 34936452 PMCID: PMC8694624 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj3397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
After a half a century of salmon farming, we have yet to understand how the influx of genes from farmed escapees affects the full life history of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in the wild. Using scale samples of over 6900 wild adult salmon from 105 rivers, we document that increased farmed genetic ancestry is associated with increased growth throughout life and a younger age at both seaward migration and sexual maturity. There was large among-population variation in the effects of introgression. Most saliently, the increased growth at sea following introgression declined with the population’s average growth potential. Variation at two major-effect loci associated with age at maturity was little affected by farmed genetic ancestry and could not explain the observed phenotypic effects of introgression. Our study provides knowledge crucial for predicting the ecological and evolutionary consequences of increased aquaculture production worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir H. Bolstad
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sten Karlsson
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingerid J. Hagen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Peder Fiske
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kurt Urdal
- Rådgivende Biologer, NO-5059 Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Gunnel Østborg
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ola H. Diserud
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arne J. Jensen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kjetil Hindar
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway
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9
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Milles A, Dammhahn M, Jeltsch F, Schlägel U, Grimm V. Fluctuations in density-dependent selection drive the evolution of a pace-of-life-syndrome within and between populations. Am Nat 2021; 199:E124-E139. [DOI: 10.1086/718473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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10
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Araya-Ajoy YG, Niskanen AK, Froy H, Ranke PS, Kvalnes T, Rønning B, Le Pepke M, Jensen H, Ringsby TH, Saether BE, Wright J. Variation in generation time reveals density regulation as an important driver of pace of life in a bird metapopulation. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:2077-2087. [PMID: 34312969 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Generation time determines the pace of key demographic and evolutionary processes. Quantified as the weighted mean age at reproduction, it can be studied as a life-history trait that varies within and among populations and may evolve in response to ecological conditions. We combined quantitative genetic analyses with age- and density-dependent models to study generation time variation in a bird metapopulation. Generation time was heritable, and males had longer generation times than females. Individuals with longer generation times had greater lifetime reproductive success but not a higher expected population growth rate. Density regulation acted on recruit production, suggesting that longer generation times should be favoured when populations are closer to carrying capacity. Furthermore, generation times were shorter when populations were growing and longer when populations were closer to equilibrium or declining. These results support classic theory predicting that density regulation is an important driver of the pace of life-history strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimen G Araya-Ajoy
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alina K Niskanen
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hannah Froy
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Peter Sjolte Ranke
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Thomas Kvalnes
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bernt Rønning
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Michael Le Pepke
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Henrik Jensen
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Thor Harald Ringsby
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bernt-Erik Saether
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jonathan Wright
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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11
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Hyun H, Han CS. Morph-specific life-history correlations in a wing-dimorphic water strider. J Evol Biol 2021; 34:1340-1346. [PMID: 34109692 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Life-history theory predicts a negative correlation between reproduction and survival because individuals differ in their investment in early reproduction at the expense of survival. However, life-history trade-offs can be masked when individual differences in resource allocation are smaller than those in resource acquisition. In polymorphic species, as distinct morphs exhibit differences in intrinsic physiology, the relative effects of resource acquisition and allocation on life-history traits will differ between morphs, contributing to morph-specific life-history correlations. Here, in the wing-dimorphic water strider Aquarius paludum, we found that wing morphs differed in within-morph individual-level life-history correlations. Longer-lived flight-capable long-winged females produced fewer eggs per day and matured later, whereas life-history trade-offs were not observed in short-winged flightless females. The survival-reproduction trade-off observed in long-winged females may be a result of individual differences in the timing of wing muscle histolysis. Individuals that underwent wing histolysis early would have increased reproduction at the expense of a shorter life, whereas individuals with late wing histolysis would have reduced reproduction but a longer life. Short-winged females, who never develop wings, effectively have more resources to allocate to both survival and reproduction, masking any life-history trade-offs. Thus, we suggest that morph-specific effects of resource allocation trade-offs can shape the morph-specific extent of individual variation in life-history strategies, which may contribute to the evolution and maintenance of within-species polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoseul Hyun
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang S Han
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Han CS, Yang G. Reproductive aging and pace-of-life syndromes: more active females age faster. Behav Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arab072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
A common pattern of reproductive aging is that reproductive performance increases during early life and reaches a peak, followed by a decline with age. Such quadratic reproductive aging patterns can differ among individuals. Moreover, if individual differences in reproductive aging patterns reflect individual-specific life-history trade-off strategies, they are also predicted to be associated with behavior according to the pace-of-life syndrome. For example, more active, aggressive, or bolder individuals may invest more in early reproduction, resulting in more rapid reproductive aging. In this study, we estimated individual differences in quadratic reproductive aging patterns and the relationship between reproductive aging and the activity of the virgin female bean bug (Riptortus pedestris) in the absence of mating costs. We found that the egg production of virgin females followed a parabolic trajectory with age and that individuals varied significantly in their quadratic reproductive aging patterns. In addition, we found that females that were relatively more active during early life invested in egg production more heavily at a young age and suffered from a sharper decline in egg production later in life. Thus, our results indicate that individual reproductive aging patterns may be a key component in the study of pace-of-life syndromes. We suggest that within-individual plastic characteristics of life-history traits such as reproductive aging patterns may explain the mixed results from multiple studies on pace-of-life syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang S Han
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Gawon Yang
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
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13
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Salguero-Gómez R. Commentary on the life history special issue: The fast-slow continuum is not the end-game of life history evolution, human or otherwise. EVOL HUM BEHAV 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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The effects of personality on survival and trappability in a wild mouse during a population cycle. Oecologia 2021; 195:901-913. [PMID: 33787996 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-04897-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) theory provides an evolutionary explanation for the existence of consistent among-individual variation in behaviour, or animal personality. Herein, individuals with a fast lifestyle are considered to be bolder and should take more risks resulting in a lower life expectancy compared to shyer individuals with a slower lifestyle. However, this assumption depends on the levels of intra-specific competition that the individuals experience which has rarely been tested in species that experience large changes in competition on a very short time scale. We used the multimammate mice (Mastomys natalensis) as a model system to study the POLS assumption by investigating the effects of two personality traits (exploration and stress-sensitivity) on survival, maturation (a proxy for reproductive investment) and recapture probability during one population cycle (Nindividuals = 201). Such a cycle consists of two phases in which the levels of intra-specific competition vary drastically. We found that only one personality trait, namely stress-sensitivity, had a negative effect on both survival and recapture probability but none of them affected maturation. This suggests that less stress-sensitive individuals take more risks in the wild and have a higher survival probability compared to high stress-sensitive individuals. However, the effect of personality on survival was only present during the population decrease phase, when the levels of intra-specific competition are high due to a scarcity of food. This suggests that seasonal changes in competition might be important in the evolution and maintenance of animal personalities in species whose population dynamics have a clear seasonal component.
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15
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16
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Hämäläinen AM, Guenther A, Patrick SC, Schuett W. Environmental effects on the covariation among pace‐of‐life traits. Ethology 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.13098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anni M. Hämäläinen
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
- Institute of Environmental Science Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Anja Guenther
- Department of Evolutionary Biology Bielefeld University Bielefeld Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology Plön Germany
| | | | - Wiebke Schuett
- Institute of Zoology Universität Hamburg Hamburg Germany
- School of Life Sciences University of Sussex Brighton UK
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17
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Agnani P, Thomson J, Schradin C, Careau V. The fast and the curious II: performance, personality, and metabolism in Karoo bush rats. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-020-02908-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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18
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Vanden Broecke B, Bongers A, Mnyone L, Matthysen E, Leirs H. Nonlinear maternal effects on personality in a rodent species with fluctuating densities. Curr Zool 2020; 67:1-9. [PMID: 33654484 PMCID: PMC7901759 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoaa032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Consistent among-individual variation in behavior, or animal personality, is present in a wide variety of species. This behavioral variation is maintained by both genetic and environmental factors. Parental effects are a special case of environmental variation and are expected to evolve in populations experiencing large fluctuations in their environment. They represent a non-genetic pathway by which parents can transmit information to their offspring, by modulating their personality. While it is expected that parental effects contribute to the observed personality variation, this has rarely been studied in wild populations. We used the multimammate mouse Mastomys natalensis as a model system to investigate the potential effects of maternal personality on offspring behavior. We did this by repeatedly recording the behavior of individually housed juveniles which were born and raised in the lab from wild caught females. A linear correlation, between mother and offspring in behavior, would be expected when the personality is only affected by additive genetic variation, while a more complex relationship would suggests the presence of maternal effects. We found that the personality of the mother predicted the behavior of their offspring in a non-linear pattern. Exploration behavior of mother and offspring was positively correlated, but only for slow and average exploring mothers, while this correlation became negative for fast exploring mothers. This may suggests that early maternal effects could affect personality in juvenile M. natalensis, potentially due to density-dependent and negative frequency-dependent mechanisms, and therefore contribute to the maintenance of personality variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Vanden Broecke
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Aurelia Bongers
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ladslaus Mnyone
- Pest Management Centre, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O.Box 3110 Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Erik Matthysen
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Herwig Leirs
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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19
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Bright Ross JG, Newman C, Buesching CD, Macdonald DW. What lies beneath? Population dynamics conceal pace-of-life and sex ratio variation, with implications for resilience to environmental change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:3307-3324. [PMID: 32243650 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Life-history and pace-of-life syndrome theory predict that populations are comprised of individuals exhibiting different reproductive schedules and associated behavioural and physiological traits, optimized to prevailing social and environmental factors. Changing weather and social conditions provide in situ cues altering this life-history optimality; nevertheless, few studies have considered how tactical, sex-specific plasticity over an individual's lifespan varies in wild populations and influences population resilience. We examined the drivers of individual life-history schedules using 31 years of trapping data and 28 years of pedigree for the European badger (Meles meles L.), a long-lived, iteroparous, polygynandrous mammal that exhibits heterochrony in the timing of endocrinological puberty in male cubs. Our top model for the effects of environmental (social and weather) conditions during a badger's first year on pace-of-life explained <10% of variance in the ratio of fertility to age at first reproduction (F/α) and lifetime reproductive success. Conversely, sex ratio (SR) and sex-specific density explained 52.8% (males) and 91.0% (females) of variance in adult F/α ratios relative to the long-term population median F/α. Weather primarily affected the sexes at different life-history stages, with energy constraints limiting the onset of male reproduction but playing a large role in female strategic energy allocation, particularly in relation to ongoing mean temperature increases. Furthermore, the effects of social factors on age of first reproduction and year-to-year reproductive success covaried differently with sex, likely due to sex-specific responses to potential mate availability. For females, low same-sex densities favoured early primiparity; for males, instead, up to 10% of yearlings successfully mated at high same-sex densities. We observed substantial SR dynamism relating to differential mortality of life-history strategists within the population, and propose that shifting ratios of 'fast' and 'slow' life-history strategists contribute substantially to population dynamics and resilience to changing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius G Bright Ross
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Chris Newman
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christina D Buesching
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David W Macdonald
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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20
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Comas M, Reguera S, Zamora-Camacho FJ, Moreno-Rueda G. Age structure of a lizard along an elevational gradient reveals nonlinear lifespan patterns with altitude. Curr Zool 2019; 66:373-382. [PMID: 32939218 PMCID: PMC7485750 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoz063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifespan is one of the main components of life history. Shorter lifespans can be expected
in marginal habitats. However, in the case of ectotherms, lifespan typically increases
with altitude, even though temperature—one of the main factors to determine ectotherms’
life history—declines with elevation. This pattern can be explained by the fact that a
shorter activity time favors survival. In this study, we analyzed how lifespan and other
life-history traits of the lizard Psammodromus algirus vary along a
2,200 m elevational gradient in Sierra Nevada (SE Spain). Populations at intermediate
altitudes (1,200–1,700 m), corresponding to the optimal habitat for this species, had the
shortest lifespans, whereas populations inhabiting marginal habitats (at both low and at
high altitudes) lived longest. Therefore, this lizard did not follow the typical pattern
of ectotherms, as it also lived longer at the lower limit of its distribution, nor did it
show a longer lifespan in areas with optimal habitats. These results might be explained by
a complex combination of different gradients along the mountain, namely that activity time
decreases with altitude whereas food availability increases. This could explain why
lifespan was maximum at both high (limited activity time) and low (limited food
availability) altitudes, resulting in similar lifespans in areas with contrasting
environmental conditions. Our findings also indicated that reproductive investment and
body condition increase with elevation, suggesting that alpine populations are locally
adapted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Comas
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, E-18071, Spain.,Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Américo Vespucio 26, Sevilla, E-41092, Spain
| | - Senda Reguera
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, E-18071, Spain
| | - Francisco J Zamora-Camacho
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, E-18071, Spain.,Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Gregorio Moreno-Rueda
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, E-18071, Spain
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21
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Dingemanse NJ, Moiron M, Araya-Ajoy YG, Mouchet A, Abbey-Lee RN. Individual variation in age-dependent reproduction: Fast explorers live fast but senesce young? J Anim Ecol 2019; 89:601-613. [PMID: 31618450 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive integration of life history and behaviour is expected to result in variation in the pace-of-life. Previous work focused on whether 'risky' phenotypes live fast but die young, but reported conflicting support. We posit that individuals exhibiting risky phenotypes may alternatively invest heavily in early-life reproduction but consequently suffer greater reproductive senescence. We used a 7-year longitudinal dataset with >1,200 breeding records of >800 female great tits assayed annually for exploratory behaviour to test whether within-individual age dependency of reproduction varied with exploratory behaviour. We controlled for biasing effects of selective (dis)appearance and within-individual behavioural plasticity. Slower and faster explorers produced moderate-sized clutches when young; faster explorers subsequently showed an increase in clutch size that diminished with age (with moderate support for declines when old), whereas slower explorers produced moderate-sized clutches throughout their lives. There was some evidence that the same pattern characterized annual fledgling success, if so, unpredictable environmental effects diluted personality-related differences in this downstream reproductive trait. Support for age-related selective appearance was apparent, but only when failing to appreciate within-individual plasticity in reproduction and behaviour. Our study identifies within-individual age-dependent reproduction, and reproductive senescence, as key components of life-history strategies that vary between individuals differing in risky behaviour. Future research should thus incorporate age-dependent reproduction in pace-of-life studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels J Dingemanse
- Behavioural Ecology, Department of Biology, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Maria Moiron
- Research Group Evolutionary Ecology of Variation, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany.,Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175 Campus CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Yimen G Araya-Ajoy
- Research Group Evolutionary Ecology of Variation, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany.,Center for Biodiversity Dynamics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alexia Mouchet
- Behavioural Ecology, Department of Biology, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Research Group Evolutionary Ecology of Variation, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Robin N Abbey-Lee
- Research Group Evolutionary Ecology of Variation, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany.,IFM Biology, AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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22
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Wilson V, Guenther A, Øverli Ø, Seltmann MW, Altschul D. Future Directions for Personality Research: Contributing New Insights to the Understanding of Animal Behavior. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:E240. [PMID: 31096599 PMCID: PMC6562689 DOI: 10.3390/ani9050240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As part of the European Conference on Behavioral Biology 2018, we organized a symposium entitled, "Animal personality: providing new insights into behavior?" The aims of this symposium were to address current research in the personality field, spanning both behavioral ecology and psychology, to highlight the future directions for this research, and to consider whether differential approaches to studying behavior contribute something new to the understanding of animal behavior. In this paper, we discuss the study of endocrinology and ontogeny in understanding how behavioral variation is generated and maintained, despite selection pressures assumed to reduce this variation. We consider the potential mechanisms that could link certain traits to fitness outcomes through longevity and cognition. We also address the role of individual differences in stress coping, mortality, and health risk, and how the study of these relationships could be applied to improve animal welfare. From the insights provided by these topics, we assert that studying individual differences through the lens of personality has provided new directions in behavioral research, and we encourage further research in these directions, across this interdisciplinary field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Wilson
- Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göettingen, Germany.
- Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-University, 37077 Göettingen, Germany.
- Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Anja Guenther
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, 24306 Plön, Germany.
| | - Øyvind Øverli
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NO-0508 Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Drew Altschul
- Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK.
- Center for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK.
- Scottish Primate Research Group.
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23
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Nwaogu CJ, Cresswell W, Versteegh MA, Tieleman BI. Seasonal differences in baseline innate immune function are better explained by environment than annual cycle stage in a year-round breeding tropical songbird. J Anim Ecol 2019; 88:537-553. [PMID: 30659607 PMCID: PMC6849850 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal variation in innate immunity is often attributed to either temporal environmental variation or to life-history trade-offs that arise from specific annual cycle stages but decoupling them is difficult in natural populations. Here, we effectively decouple seasonal environmental variation from annual cycle stage effects by exploiting cross-seasonal breeding and moult in the tropical Common Bulbul Pycnonotus barbatus. We test how annual cycle stage interacts with a key seasonal environmental variable, rainfall, to determine immunity at population and individual level. If immune challenge varies with precipitation, we might expect immune function to be higher in the wet season due to increased environmental productivity. If breeding or moult imposes resource constraints on birds, depending on or independent of precipitation, we might expect lower immune indices during breeding or moult. We sampled blood from 818 birds in four annual cycle stage categories: breeding, moult, simultaneous breeding and moulting, or neither. We quantified indices of innate immunity (haptoglobin, nitric oxide (NOx ) and ovotransferrin concentrations, and haemagglutination and haemolysis titres) over two annual cycles of wet and dry seasons. Environment (but not annual cycle stage or interactions between both) explained variation in all immune indices, except NOx . NOx concentration differed between annual cycle stages but not between seasons. However, within the wet season, haptoglobin, NOx , ovotransferrin and haemolysis differed significantly between breeding and non-breeding females. Aside from some recorded inconsistencies, population level results were largely similar to results within individuals that were measured repeatedly. Unexpectedly, most immune indices were higher in the dry season and during breeding. Higher immune indices may be explained if fewer or poorer quality resources force birds to increase social contact, thereby exposing individuals to novel antigens and increased infection risk, independently of environmental productivity. Breeding birds may also show higher immunity if less immune-competent and/or infected females omit breeding. We conclude that seasonal environmental variation impacts immunity more directly in natural animal populations than via resource trade-offs. In addition, immune indices were more often variable within than among individuals, but some indices are characteristic of individuals, and so may offer selective advantages if heritable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chima J. Nwaogu
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
- School of BiologyUniversity of St AndrewsSt Andrews FifeUK
- A.P. Leventis Ornithological Research InstituteJosNigeria
| | - Will Cresswell
- School of BiologyUniversity of St AndrewsSt Andrews FifeUK
- A.P. Leventis Ornithological Research InstituteJosNigeria
| | - Maaike A. Versteegh
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - B. Irene Tieleman
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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24
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Careau V, Beauchamp PP, Bouchard S, Morand-Ferron J. Energy metabolism and personality in wild-caught fall field crickets. Physiol Behav 2019; 199:173-181. [PMID: 30465808 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Standard metabolic rate (SMR) is known to be highly variable across levels of biological organisation (e.g., species, populations, among individuals, within individuals). Some of the variation in SMR can be attributed to factors such as diet, temperature, and body mass, yet much of the residual variation in SMR remains unexplained. Intuitively, we can expect SMR to co-vary with "personality", but the rapidly accumulating empirical evidence on this topic remains equivocal. The goal of this study was to test for a link between SMR and a behavioural syndrome at the among-individual level in wild-caught fall field crickets (Gryllus pennsylvanicus). Paired measurements of SMR and two behavioural traits were repeatedly taken over a two-month period, thus allowing to estimate the among-individual correlations (rind) separately from the residual (within-individual) correlations. The two behavioural traits (latency to exit a refuge in a novel environment and "freezing" time following a stressful stimulus) were significantly and moderately repeatable and were found to be part of a syndrome, as indicated by a strong and positive among-individual correlation (rind = 0.82 ± 0.27). Yet, only latency to exit was significantly and positively correlated with SMR (rind = 0.45 ± 0.21), suggesting that the link between boldness and SMR may be driven by individual differences in responses to novelty and not to simulated predatory cues. Since we found that bold individuals (short latency to exit) consistently had a lower SMR than shy individuals (long latency to exit), our results go against the pace-of-life syndrome hypothesis. Instead, our results suggest the presence of constrains in the energy budgets of crickets, which generated an allocation trade-off between energy spent on physical activity vs. maintenance costs (SMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Careau
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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25
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Campos-Candela A, Palmer M, Balle S, Álvarez A, Alós J. A mechanistic theory of personality-dependent movement behaviour based on dynamic energy budgets. Ecol Lett 2018; 22:213-232. [PMID: 30467933 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Consistent between-individual differences in movement are widely recognised across taxa. In addition, foraging plasticity at the within-individual level suggests a behavioural dependency on the internal energy demand. Because behaviour co-varies with fast-slow life history (LH) strategies in an adaptive context, as theoretically predicted by the pace-of-life syndrome hypothesis, mass/energy fluxes should link behaviour and its plasticity with physiology at both between- and within-individual levels. However, a mechanistic framework driving these links in a fluctuating ecological context is lacking. Focusing on home range behaviour, we propose a novel behavioural-bioenergetics theoretical model to address such complexities at the individual level based on energy balance. We propose explicit mechanistic links between behaviour, physiology/metabolism and LH by merging two well-founded theories, the movement ecology paradigm and the dynamic energetic budget theory. Overall, our behavioural-bioenergetics model integrates the mechanisms explaining how (1) behavioural between- and within-individual variabilities connect with internal state variable dynamics, (2) physiology and behaviour are explicitly interconnected by mass/energy fluxes, and (3) different LHs may arise from both behavioural and physiological variabilities in a given ecological context. Our novel theoretical model reveals encouraging opportunities for empiricists and theoreticians to delve into the eco-evolutionary processes that favour or hinder the development of between-individual differences in behaviour and the evolution of personality-dependent movement syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Campos-Candela
- Department of Marine Ecology, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), C/Miquel Marquès 21, 07190, Esporles, Balearic Islands, Spain.,Department of Marine Sciences and Applied Biology, University of Alicante, P. O. Box 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain
| | - Miquel Palmer
- Department of Marine Ecology, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), C/Miquel Marquès 21, 07190, Esporles, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Salvador Balle
- Department of Marine Ecology, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), C/Miquel Marquès 21, 07190, Esporles, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Alberto Álvarez
- Department of Marine Ecology, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), C/Miquel Marquès 21, 07190, Esporles, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Josep Alós
- Department of Marine Ecology, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), C/Miquel Marquès 21, 07190, Esporles, Balearic Islands, Spain.,Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany
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26
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Pace-of-life syndromes: a framework for the adaptive integration of behaviour, physiology and life history. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-018-2473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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27
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Tieleman BI. Understanding immune function as a pace of life trait requires environmental context. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2018; 72:55. [PMID: 29563662 PMCID: PMC5843675 DOI: 10.1007/s00265-018-2464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This article provides a brief historical perspective on the integration of physiology into the concept of the pace of life of birds, evaluates the fit of immune function into this framework, and asks what it will take to fruitfully understand immune functioning of birds in pace of life studies in the future. In the late 1970s, physiology started to seriously enter avian life history ecology, with energy as the main currency of interest, inspired by David Lack's work in the preceding decades emphasizing how food availability explained life history variation. In an effort to understand the trade-off between survival and reproduction, and specifically the mortality costs associated with hard work, in the 1980s and 1990s, other physiological phenomena entered the realm of animal ecologists, including endocrinology, oxidative stress, and immunology. Reviewing studies thus far to evaluate the role of immune function in a life history context and particularly to address the questions whether immune function (1) consistently varies with life history variation among free-living bird species and (2) mediates life history trade-offs in experiments with free-living bird species; I conclude that, unlike energy metabolism, the immune system does not closely covary with life history among species nor mediates the classical trade-offs within individuals. Instead, I propose that understanding the tremendous immunological variation uncovered among free-living birds over the past 25 years requires a paradigm shift. The paradigm should shift from viewing immune function as a costly trait involved in life history trade-offs to explicitly including the benefits of the immune system and placing it firmly in an environmental and ecological context. A first step forward will be to quantify the immunobiotic pressures presented by diverse environmental circumstances that both shape and challenge the immune system of free-living animals. Current developments in the fields of infectious wildlife diseases and host-microbe interactions provide promising steps in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Irene Tieleman
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9700 CC Groningen, The Netherlands
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