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Li JJ, Ru ZX, Yang X, Sun JX, Wu YMZ, Yang XY, Hou BY, Xue B, Ding C, Qiao H. Circ_0004851 regulates the molecular mechanism of miR-296-3p/FGF11 in the influence of high iodine on PTC. J Transl Med 2024; 22:586. [PMID: 38902782 PMCID: PMC11191183 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05405-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has been rising in recent years. Despite its relatively low mortality, PTC frequently metastasizes to lymph nodes and often recurs, posing significant health and economic burdens. The role of iodine in the pathogenesis and advancement of thyroid cancer remains poorly understood. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are recognized to function as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) that modulate gene expression and play a role in various cancer stages. Consequently, this research aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which circRNA influences the impact of iodine on PTC. Our research indicates that high iodine levels can exacerbate the malignancy of PTC via the circ_0004851/miR-296-3p/FGF11 axis. These insights into iodine's biological role in PTC and the association of circRNA with the disease could pave the way for novel biomarkers and potentially effective therapeutic strategies to mitigate PTC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Ru
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing-Xue Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan-Mei-Zhi Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Yao Yang
- Department of Science and Education, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bo-Yu Hou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bing Xue
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chao Ding
- Department of General surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hong Qiao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University, No. 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
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Zhao H, Hu J, Cui L, Gong Y, Huang T. Association between iodine nutrition and cervical lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1164069. [PMID: 37720525 PMCID: PMC10500345 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1164069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the association between iodine intake and nodal metastasis stratified by central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) and lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and clinicopathological characteristics were used to identify factors associated with CLNM and LLNM using logistic regression analysis. A sum of 3,858 PTMC patients were enrolled. The median UIC (MUI) of patients with CLNM or LLNM was not statistically different from those without nodal metastasis. Male patients had a higher MUI than females (183.4 μg/L vs. 173.6 μg/L). Female patients with extracapsular extension had a higher MUI than those without it (210.0 μg/L vs. 172.1 μg/L). Male patients with LLNM had a significantly lower MUI than those without LLNM (134.7 μg/L vs. 187.9 μg/L). Female patients with more than adequate iodine intake were more likely to present with CLNM and extrathyroidal extension than those with adequate iodine intake with an odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.23 (1.01-1.51) and 1.59 (1.09-2.32) after adjustment. Iodine nutrition was not found to be associated with LLNM. In addition, patients with a younger age, larger tumors, extrathyroidal extension, and intrathyroidal spread were more likely to be CLNM, whereas nodular goiter presented with a protective factor; CLNM was the only factor associated with LLNM of PTMC in both genders. In conclusion, iodine nutrition has a much closer association with female than male patients, and high iodine intake may be associated with CLNM and extrathyroidal extension in female PTMC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengqiang Zhao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Hu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Le Cui
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiping Gong
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Lin YY, Hsieh YS. Iodine nutritional status is not a direct factor in the prevalence of the BRAFV600E mutation in papillary thyroid cancer. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2023; 67:172-178. [PMID: 36651704 PMCID: PMC10689028 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for approximately 85%-90% of all thyroid cancers. Of the iodine-metabolizing genes, BRAFV600E is a highly specific target for PTC and may have a reciprocal causative relationship with iodide-metabolizing genes. Materials and methods In this study, we performed a data analysis of selected quantitative studies to determine the relationship between iodine nutritional status and the prevalence of the BRAF600E mutation in patients with PTC. Five studies were selected for meta-analysis based on the selection criteria. Results A total of 2,068 patients were divided into three groups: low (urinary iodine concentration [UIC] < 100 µg/L), adequate (UIC 100-200 µg/L), and high (UIC ≥ 200 µg/L). The results were obtained using RevMan software, and the pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using Mantel-Haenszel statistics with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The OR for the prevalence of the BRAFV600E mutation between the high and adequate groups was 1.25 (95% CI 0.64-2.43, p = 0.51), and the OR between the low and adequate groups was 0.98 (95% CI 0.42-2.31, p = 0.96). The BRAFV600E mutation risk did not change significantly at different levels of iodine nutrition (p = 0.33) in statistical analyses. Conclusion We conducted preliminary research on dietary iodine intake and the BRAFV600E mutation in PTC. The results suggested that abnormal iodine intake might not directly influence the prevalence of the BRAFV600E mutation in these patients. Further research into the associations between dietary iodine intake and the BRAFV600E mutation in PTC, including the underlying mechanisms, is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yu Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City, Republic of China (Taiwan)
| | - Yu-Shan Hsieh
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei City, Republic of China (Taiwan),
- Department of Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City 11031, Republic of China (Taiwan)
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Association between urinary iodine concentration and the risk of papillary thyroid cancer by sex and age: a case-control study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2041. [PMID: 36739467 PMCID: PMC9899236 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29071-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies on dietary iodine intake and the risk of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) have demonstrated inconsistent results. We aimed to evaluate the association between urinary iodine concentration (UIC), a surrogate biomarker for dietary iodine intake, and the risk of thyroid cancer stratified by sex and age in an iodine-sufficient area. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in Seoul, South Korea. A total of 492 cases of newly diagnosed PTC and 595 controls were included. Compared with the lowest quartile of creatine-adjusted UIC (< 159.3 μg/gCr), the highest quartile (≥ 1037.3 μg/gCr) showed an increased risk of PTC (odds ratio [OR] 1.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-2.13), especially in those who were < 45 years old (ptrend = 0.01) compared with those who were ≥ 45 years old (ptrend = 0.48). For those who were < 45 years old, a positive association between creatinine-adjusted UIC and the risk of PTC was observed in both men (q4 vs. q1, OR 4.27, 95% CI 1.14-18.08) and women (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.04-3.78). For those who were ≥ 45 years old, no association was found in any sex. Creatinine-adjusted UIC was positively associated with the risk of PTC, especially in those who were younger than 45 years for both men and women.
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Zhang X, Zhang F, Li Q, Feng C, Teng W. Iodine nutrition and papillary thyroid cancer. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1022650. [PMID: 36337631 PMCID: PMC9631789 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1022650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most frequent endocrine malignancy. The incidence of TC, especially papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), has continued to rise all over the world during the past few years, for reasons that are not entirely clear. Though the phenomenon of overdiagnosis is occurring, it is not the sole driver of the substantial increase in incidence. Lifestyle, environmental factors, or complications are considered to be potential risk factors. Among these factors, iodine is a micronutrient that is vital to thyroid function. The effect of iodine intake on PTC has been controversial for many years and the epidemiological or experimental studies provided diametrically opposite conclusions. Combining all these studies, we found that iodine nutrition may affect the overall prevalence, distribution of the histological types, and clinicopathological aggressiveness of TC, especially PTC. However, the available evidence is poor due to the impact of various internal and external related factors. Therefore, this article sums up available results from both epidemiological and experimental studies, future studies are also warranted to expound on the relationship between overall PTC prevalence and iodine intake.
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Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Current Position in Epidemiology, Genomics, and Classification. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2534:1-15. [PMID: 35670964 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2505-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common type of thyroid malignancy both in adults and pediatric population. Since the 1980s, there are changes in criteria in labelling thyroid lesions as "papillary thyroid carcinomas." Radiation exposure is a well-established risk factor for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Other environmental risk factors include dietary iodine, obesity, hormones, and environmental pollutants. Papillary thyroid carcinomas could occur in familial settings, and 5% of these familial cases have well-studied driver germline mutations. In sporadic papillary thyroid carcinoma, BRAF mutation is common and is associated with clinicopathologic and prognostic markers. The mutation could aid in the clinical diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Globally, thyroid cancer is among the top ten commonest cancer in females. In both adult and pediatric populations, there are variations of prevalence of thyroid cancer and rising incidence rates of thyroid cancer worldwide. The increase of thyroid cancer incidence was almost entirely due to the increase of papillary thyroid carcinoma. The reasons behind the increase are complex, multifactorial, and incompletely understood. The most obvious reasons are increased use of diagnostic entities, change in classification of thyroid neoplasms, as well as factors such as obesity, environmental risk factors, and radiation. The prognosis of the patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma is generally good after treatment. Nevertheless, cancer recurrence and comorbidity of second primary cancer may occur, and it is important to have awareness of the clinical, pathological, and molecular parameters of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
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Kim K, Cho SW, Park YJ, Lee KE, Lee DW, Park SK. Association between Iodine Intake, Thyroid Function, and Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Case-Control Study. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2021; 36:790-799. [PMID: 34376043 PMCID: PMC8419609 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.1034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the effects of iodine intake, thyroid function, and their combined effect on the risk of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). METHODS A case-control study was conducted including 500 community-based controls who had undergone a health check-up, and 446 overall PTC cases (209 PTC and 237 PTMC) from the Thyroid Cancer Longitudinal Study. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC), was used as an indicator of iodine intake, and serum for thyroid function. The risk of PTC and PTMC was estimated using unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS Excessive iodine intake (UIC ≥220 μg/gCr) was associated with both PTC (odds ratio [OR], 18.13 95% confidence interval [CI], 8.87 to 37.04) and PTMC (OR, 8.02; 95% CI, 4.64 to 13.87), compared to adequate iodine intake (UIC, 85 to 219 μg/gCr). Free thyroxine (T4) levels ≥1.25 ng/dL were associated with PTC (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.36 to 2.87) and PTMC (OR, 2.98; 95% CI, 2.01 to 4.41), compared to free T4 levels of 0.7 to 1.24 ng/dL. Individuals with excessive iodine intake and high free T4 levels had a greatly increased OR of PTC (OR, 43.48; 95% CI, 12.63 to 149.62), and PTMC (OR, 26.96; 95% CI, 10.26 to 70.89), compared to individuals with adequate iodine intake and low free T4 levels. CONCLUSION Excessive iodine intake using creatinine-adjusted UIC and high free T4 levels may have a synergistic effect on PTC and PTMC. Considering both iodine intake and thyroid function is important to assess PTC and PTMC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungsik Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul,
Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Kyu Eun Lee
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul,
Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
- Division of Surgery, Thyroid Center, Seoul National University Cancer Hospital, Seoul,
Korea
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju,
Korea
| | - Sue K. Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul,
Korea
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
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Choi JY, Lee JH, Song Y. Evaluation of Iodine Status among Korean Patients with Papillary Thyroid Cancer Using Dietary and Urinary Iodine. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2021; 36:607-618. [PMID: 34154044 PMCID: PMC8258329 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concerns have been raised regarding thyroid disorders caused by excessive iodine in Koreans, who have iodine-rich diets. This study evaluated iodine status using dietary iodine intake and urinary iodine in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients. METHODS Dietary data of PTC patients were assessed using a 24-hour recall and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and urinary iodine concentrations (UICs) were also obtained. To compare the iodine status of PTC patients, Korean adults with or without thyroid disease from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which had 24-hour recall data and urinary iodine measurements, were analyzed. RESULTS The median daily iodine intake by 24-hour recall was 341.7 μg/day in PTC patients, similar to the levels of other Korean adults. Based on UICs, the prevalence of excessive iodine was 54.4% in PTC patients, which was similar to the prevalence among subjects with thyroid disease (55.4%) but slightly higher than that in subjects without thyroid disease (47.7%). Based on dietary iodine by 24-hour recall, the prevalence of excessive iodine intake was 7.2%, which was higher than that among subjects with (4.4%) or without (3.9%) thyroid disease. The dietary iodine intake based on 24-hour recall was closely correlated with the UIC (r=0.4826) in PTC patients, but dietary iodine by FFQ was not significantly correlated with either 24-hour recall or UIC-based dietary iodine. CONCLUSION Excessive iodine intake was more common in PTC patients than in subjects without thyroid disease. Further longitudinal research is necessary to elucidate the role of dietary iodine in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Choi
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon,
Korea
| | - Joon-Hyop Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon,
Korea
| | - YoonJu Song
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon,
Korea
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Lee JH, Chai YJ, Yi KH. Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Thyroid Cancer: Meta-Analysis. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2021; 36:590-598. [PMID: 34034364 PMCID: PMC8258339 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although smoking is generally carcinogenic, its effect on thyroid cancers is still subject to controversy. The purpose of this study was to summarize the role of smoking in relation to thyroid cancer occurrence. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of 24 eligible studies: 21 case-control studies and three prospective cohort studies. The summary odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of all studies were acquired based on random effect model. Further subgroup analyses were conducted according to gender, histological type of thyroid cancer, and smoking status of patients for the case-control studies. RESULTS The summary effect size indicated a negative association of smoking for thyroid cancer (OR, 0.798; 95% CI, 0.681 to 0.935). From the subgroup analyses for the case-control studies, reduced risk of thyroid cancer was observed in both men (OR, 0.734; 95% CI, 0.553 to 0.974) and women (OR, 0.792; 95% CI, 0.700 to 0.897). The protective effect of smoking was observed in studies in which thyroid cancer was limited to differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs) (OR, 0.798; 95% CI, 0.706 to 0.902). CONCLUSION Our results suggests that smoking may have a protective effect on thyroid cancer, especially on DTCs. Further studies with larger sample sizes should be conducted in elucidating the dose and time dependent effect of smoking on thyroid cancer with specific focus on the types of thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Hyop Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon,
Korea
| | - Young Jun Chai
- Department of Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine & Advanced Technology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Ka Hee Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul,
Korea
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Hu MJ, He JL, Tong XR, Yang WJ, Zhao HH, Li GA, Huang F. Associations between essential microelements exposure and the aggressive clinicopathologic characteristics of papillary thyroid cancer. Biometals 2021; 34:909-921. [PMID: 33961183 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-021-00317-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aim of this study was to evaluate the association between multiple essential microelements exposure and the aggressive clinicopathologic characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The concentrations of 10 essential microelements in urine [cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), selenium (Se), strontium (Sr), zinc (Zn), and iodine (I)] were measured in 608 patients newly diagnosed with PTC, including 154 males and 454 females. Chi square test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare general characteristics among males and females. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between essential microelements and PTC clinicopathologic characteristics in single- and multi-microelement models. In this study, we only observed that the frequency of lymph node metastasis in males was higher than in females, and males had higher levels of zinc than females, but males had lower levels of iodine than females. It was found that high levels of Fe were associated with decreased risk of PTC tumor size > 1 cm, capsular invasion, and advanced T stage (T3/4a/4b). High levels of Co and Mo were associated with decreased risk of capsular invasion and lymph node metastasis, respectively. However, high levels of Mn and Sr were associated with increased risk of capsular invasion and multifocality respectively, and both were associated with increased risk of advanced T stage (T3/4a/4b). These findings indicated that certain essential microelements might have potential effects on PTC progression and aggressiveness. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jun Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jia-Liu He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xin-Ran Tong
- Second Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Wan-Jun Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Huan-Huan Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Guo-Ao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fen Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China. .,Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Colonna M, Borson-Chazot F, Delafosse P, Schvartz C, Guizard AV. Progression of incidence and estimate of net survival from papillary thyroid cancers diagnosed between 2008 and 2016 in France. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2020; 81:530-538. [PMID: 33290751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After several decades of increasing incidence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), a change in this trend has been recently observed, particularly in the United States. This is attributed to the impact of new guidelines for the management of thyroid disease. The objective of this study was to describe the recent situation in France in terms of incidence and survival, taking account of tumor size. METHODS Data from the FRANCIM network cancer registries, covering around 25% of the French metropolitan population, were analyzed. Distribution according to tumor size was determined in terms of frequency, trends in incidence and spatial distribution for the period 2008-2016. Analysis of net survival considered gender, age and tumor size. RESULTS Cancers of size≤5mm were predominant in patients diagnosed between 55 and 74 years of age. Incidence of≤5mm tumors in women and of 5-10mm tumors in men began declining in the early 2010s. Incidence of 10-20mm and 20-40mm tumors in men increased significantly throughout the period 2008-2016. For both men and women, the incidence of the largest tumors (>40mm) also increased, but not significantly. The spatial distribution of incidence showed great heterogeneity. Net survival was generally high, although decreasing with age and tumor size. CONCLUSION The recent epidemiological situation in France is consistent with the hypothesis of recent progress in medical management of thyroid pathologies. Variations in incidence should be monitored for both small (<10mm) and larger tumors, and notably>40mm tumors. Net survival is generally high, although decreasing with age and tumor size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Colonna
- Registre du cancer de l'Isère, Pavillon E, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38043 Grenoble, France; FRANCIM, 1, avenue Irène-Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse, France.
| | - Françoise Borson-Chazot
- FRANCIM, 1, avenue Irène-Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse, France; Registre Rhône Alpin des Cancers Thyroïdiens - Centre de médecine nucléaire et fédération d'endocrinologie, groupement hospitalier Est, hospices civils de Lyon, 69677 Lyon, France; Pôle d'information médicale évaluation recherche, hospices civils de Lyon, 69424 Lyon, France
| | - Patricia Delafosse
- Registre du cancer de l'Isère, Pavillon E, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38043 Grenoble, France; FRANCIM, 1, avenue Irène-Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Schvartz
- FRANCIM, 1, avenue Irène-Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse, France; Thyroid Cancer Registry of Marne-Ardennes, Institut Jean-Godinot, 1, rue du Général-Kœnig, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Anne-Valérie Guizard
- FRANCIM, 1, avenue Irène-Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse, France; Registre des tumeurs du Calvados, Centre François Baclesse, 14076 Caen, France
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- FRANCIM, 1, avenue Irène-Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse, France
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Lee JH, Youn S, Jung S, Kim K, Chai YJ, Chung YS, Park WS, Lee KE, Yi KH. A national database analysis for factors associated with thyroid cancer occurrence. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17791. [PMID: 33082385 PMCID: PMC7576121 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74546-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to analyze the associations between thyroid cancer and environmental factors, we analyzed the national sample cohort representative of the entire population provided by the Korean National Health Insurance Service database record from 2006 to 2015. The cohort was categorized according to age, body mass index, income, residential areas, frequency of exercise, frequency of alcohol drinking, diet, presence or absence of hyperthyroidism, presence or absence of hypothyroidism, and smoking data. Age ≥ 55 years (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.53–0.88), lower income (0.57, 0.40–0.80), and current smoking (0.69, 0.55–0.85) were associated with lower thyroid cancer occurrence among men. Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 (1.51, 1.26–1.82), higher income (1.44, 1.19–1.76), urban residence (1.24, 1.03–1.49), and presence of hypothyroidism (3.31, 2.38–4.61) or hyperthyroidism (2.46, 1.75–3.46) were associated with higher thyroid cancer occurrence among men. Age ≥ 55 years (0.63, 0.56–0.71), moderate alcohol drinking (0.87, 0.77–0.99), and current smoking (0.56, 0.37–0.85) were associated with lower thyroid cancer occurrence among women. BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (1.41, 1.26–1.57), frequent exercise (1.21, 1.07–1.36), higher income (1.18, 1.06–1.32), urban residence (1.17, 1.06–1.29), and presence of hypothyroidism (1.60, 1.40–1.82) or hyperthyroidism (1.38, 1.19–1.61) were associated with higher thyroid cancer occurrence among women. In conclusion, age ≥ 55 years and current smoking were associated with lower thyroid cancer occurrence, while BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, higher income, urban residence, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism were associated with higher occurrence in both men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Hyop Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sora Youn
- Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 71 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03082, Korea
| | - Sohee Jung
- Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 71 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03082, Korea
| | - Kwangsoo Kim
- Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 71 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03082, Korea.
| | - Young Jun Chai
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, 20 Boramaep-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 07061, Korea.
| | - Yoo Seung Chung
- Department of Surgery, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Won Seo Park
- Department of Surgery, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Eun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ka Hee Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Rashid FA, Munkhdelger J, Fukuoka J, Bychkov A. Prevalence of BRAFV600E mutation in Asian series of papillary thyroid carcinoma-a contemporary systematic review. Gland Surg 2020; 9:1878-1900. [PMID: 33224863 PMCID: PMC7667088 DOI: 10.21037/gs-20-430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the most common malignancy of the endocrine system, is frequently driven by BRAFV600E mutation, which was reported in 35-60% cases in Western series. Numerous studies have recently emerged from Asian countries and regions; however sufficient summary is lacking to date. BRAF mutation serves as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in thyroid cancer, therefore establishing a rate of BRAF on the national scale could be of practical significance. We performed systematic reviews of available literature to investigate the prevalence of BRAF mutation in series of PTC from various Asian countries and regions. Out of the total 3,966 reports identified via initial screening, 138 studies encompassing over 40,000 PTCs were included for the final analysis. A vast majority (90.2%) of PTCs with known BRAF status were from East Asia, including China, South Korea, and Japan, with BRAF mutation rates of 71.2%, 75.5%, and 70.6%, respectively. Less abundant Indian and Saudi Arabian series found 45.6% and 46.3% prevalence of BRAFV600E in PTC, respectively. Much limited evidence was available from Thailand, Iran, Kazakhstan, Taiwan, Singapore, Indonesia, Hong Kong, Philippines, Vietnam, Iraq, and Myanmar. No relevant publications were found from other highly populated countries, such as Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Malaysia. After grouping by geographic region, we found that the highest rate of BRAFV600E was reported in the PTC series from East Asia (76.4%). Much lower rate (45-48%) was seen in PTC cohorts from South Asia, Central Asia, and the Middle East while the Southeast Asian series were in between (57%). Further subgroup analysis revealed that studies employing fresh frozen tissue and fine-needle aspirates showed higher rates of BRAF compared to those used formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. We found that the PTC series enrolled patients' cohorts after 2010 demonstrated a higher rate of BRAF compared to the earlier series. Finally, pediatric PTCs had lower BRAF prevalence compared to the baseline rate for the country. In conclusion, despite considerable among and within countries heterogeneity, the Asian PTC series showed a higher prevalence of BRAFV600E mutation than that in Western series. Causes of geographic heterogeneity, whether genuine (etiology, genetics) or methodology-related should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Abdul Rashid
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Junya Fukuoka
- Department of Pathology, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Andrey Bychkov
- Department of Pathology, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Huang F, Cong W, Xiao J, Zhou Y, Gong M, Sun J, Shan L, Xiao Q, Wang L, Liu J, Yu Z, Jia H. Association between excessive chronic iodine exposure and the occurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:189. [PMID: 32952658 PMCID: PMC7479532 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to elucidate the association between excessive chronic iodine exposure and the risk of developing papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The demographic information and pathological characteristics of patients with thyroid nodules were retrieved from medical records at The Second Hospital of Shandong University. A fasting urine specimen was collected, and creatinine and urinary iodine concentration (UIC) were determined. The water iodine data from the domicile districts of these patients were collated from published reports. The results revealed that almost half of the patients with PTC (44.3%) also exhibited a high UIC (≥300 µg/l). Multivariate analysis revealed that the adjusted odds ratio for high UIC was 3.987 (95% CI: 1.355–11.736) and the adjusted area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.776 (95% CI: 0.687–0.864), which was associated with PTC risk in patients with thyroid nodules. Integrated ecological assessment of chronic iodine exposures demonstrated that >80% (81.4%) of the patients with PTC who also exhibited a high UIC were from historically non-iodine-deficient regions, and 66.7% of patients with PTC who resided in historically iodine-excessive regions were characterized by high UICs. Importantly, a high UIC was significantly associated with capsular invasion and extrathyroid metastasis (P<0.05). Moreover, self-matching results indicated that, in patients with PTC, there were no significant differences in UIC grading between the pre- and postoperative specimens. In conclusion, excessive chronic iodine exposure is significantly associated with the risk of PTC, which contributes to increased capsular invasion and extrathyroid metastases. However, further research is required to validate these findings and to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyan Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wei Cong
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Juan Xiao
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Maosong Gong
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Jingfu Sun
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Liqun Shan
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jianing Liu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Yu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Hongying Jia
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
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15
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Kim K, Zheng X, Kim JK, Lee CR, Kang SW, Lee J, Jeong JJ, Nam KH, Chung WY. The contributing factors for lateral neck lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). Endocrine 2020; 69:149-156. [PMID: 32146654 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02251-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) has an excellent prognosis due to its indolent features. Only few studies have assessed the clinical factors that can predict lateral neck lymph node metastasis (LLNM) in patients with PTMC. This study aimed to examine the clinicopathological factors associated with LLNM in patients with PTMC. METHODS We reviewed medical records of 3578 patients with PTMC that was ≤1 cm in diameter on final pathology at Yonsei University Hospital between January 2015 and December 2017. The patients were divided into two groups (metastasis group [n = 157] and no metastasis group [n = 3421]). RESULTS The proportion of patients with multifocality, extrathyroidal extension (ETE), and central node metastasis was significantly higher in metastasis group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively), and the mean tumor size was relatively larger in metastasis group than in no metastasis group (0.7 ± 0.2 vs. 0.6 ± 0.2 cm, p < 0.001). However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the tumors harboring BRAF mutation between the two groups (84.8% vs. 80.6%, p = 0.199). Multivariate analysis indicated that the significant risk factors of LLNM include ETE (odds ratio [OR]: 1.904, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.267-2.861), multifocality (OR: 2.255, 95% CI: 1.544-3.293), and central node metastasis (OR: 7.768, 95% CI: 4.869-12.395), but not BRAF mutation (OR: 0.542, 95% CI: 0.337-0.874). CONCLUSION Approximately 4.4% of patients with PTMC presented with LLNM at the time of diagnosis. Moreover, the significant risk factors of LLNM include central node metastasis, ETE, and multifocal disease but not BRAF mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangsoon Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaojin Zheng
- Department of Surgery, Singapore University College of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jin Kyong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho Rok Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Kang
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jandee Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Ju Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Hyun Nam
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Youn Chung
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yan AR, Zhang X, Shen H, Zhou X, Li R, Yuan Z. Urinary iodine is increased in papillary thyroid carcinoma but is not altered by regional population iodine intake status: a meta-analysis and implications. Endocr J 2019; 66:497-514. [PMID: 30890682 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej18-0532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive iodine intake has been associated with increased risk of thyroid cancer (TC) in many studies, but the results have not been consistent. Since it was common knowledge that urinary iodine (UI) is considered a sensitive marker of current iodine intake, we conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the association between high UI and TC. We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, and the Cochrane Collaboration. Between-group meta-analyses were performed to compare UI between TC patients and the healthy/euthyroid subjects in local residents and benign thyroid nodules (BTN) patients. Then, between-group meta-analyses to compare the incidence rate of iodine excess were also conducted. The 22 case-control studies included in the meta-analyses represented 15,476 participants. It is the first time to clarify that UI was increased in PTC patients, but was not altered by regional population iodine intake status. Compared with BTN patients, PTC patients exhibited both higher UIC and higher odds ratio of iodine excess only in adequate iodine intake status subgroup; UIC, not the odds ratio of iodine excess, was higher in patients with PTC than those with BTN in above requirements iodine intake subgroup. A novel insight is offered that high UI in PTC patients was less influenced by regional population iodine intake status. It is indicted that high iodine intake is not a risk factor for PTC and high urinary iodine is just a specific characteristic of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Rong Yan
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra 2617, Australia
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Zhenghua South Street Community Healthcare Center, Datong 037000, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Neuro-psychiatric Institute, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Neuro-psychiatric Institute, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhexing Yuan
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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