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Bioconversion of Used Transformer Oil into Polyhydroxyalkanoates by Acinetobacter sp. Strain AAAID-1.5. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 15:polym15010097. [PMID: 36616449 PMCID: PMC9824233 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, the utilisation of used transformer oil (UTO) as carbon feedstock for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) was targeted; with a view to reducing the environmental challenges associated with the disposal of the used oil and provision of an alternative to non-biodegradable synthetic plastic. Acinetobacter sp. strain AAAID-1.5 is a PHA-producing bacterium recently isolated from a soil sample collected in Penang, Malaysia. The PHA-producing capability of this bacterium was assessed through laboratory experiments in a shake flask biosynthesis under controlled culture conditions. The effect of some biosynthesis factors on growth and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) accumulation was also investigated, the structural composition of the PHA produced by the organism was established, and the characteristics of the polymer were determined using standard analytical methods. The results indicated that the bacteria could effectively utilise UTO and produce PHA up to 34% of its cell dry weight. Analysis of the effect of some biosynthesis factors revealed that the concentration of carbon substrate, incubation time, the concentration of yeast extract and utilisation of additional carbon substrates could influence the growth and polymer accumulation in the test organism. Manipulation of culture conditions resulted in an enhanced accumulation of the PHA. The data obtained from GC-MS and NMR analyses indicated that the PHA produced might have been composed of 3-hydroxyoctadecanoate and 3-hydroxyhexadecanoate as the major monomers. The physicochemical analysis of a sample of the polymer revealed an amorphous elastomer with average molecular weight and polydispersity index (PDI) of 110 kDa and 2.01, respectively. The melting and thermal degradation temperatures were 88 °C and 268 °C, respectively. The findings of this work indicated that used transformer oil could be used as an alternative carbon substrate for PHA biosynthesis. Also, Acinetobacter sp. strain AAAID-1.5 could serve as an effective agent in the bioconversion of waste oils, especially UTO, to produce biodegradable plastics. These may undoubtedly provide a foundation for further exploration of UTO as an alternative carbon substrate in the biosynthesis of specific polyhydroxyalkanoates.
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Xia X, Zhai Y, Teng Y. Microbial response to biogeochemical profile in a perpendicular riverbank filtration site. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 244:114070. [PMID: 36099687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to extensive water exchanges and abundant active biochemical compositions, active and complex hydrogeochemical processes often exist in riverbank filtration (RBF). The distribution of microbes is considered to be profoundly affected by these processes and is considered to impact the hydrogeochemical processes and the migration and transformation of water pollutants in turn and then impact the water quality. The distribution of microbes and their response to the physiochemical properties along a vertical RBF profile perpendicular to the Songhua River in Northeast China was explored by using 16 S rRNA and redundancy analysis (RDA). The results showed that various microbes were found in the vertical riparian filter (RBF) curve, including Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Firmicutes. With increasing depth (vertical) and distance from the river (lateral), the microbial community and diversity in the RBF sediment profile decreased. Nitrospirota, Pseudomonas, Gammaproteobacteria, Ochrobactrum, Acinetobacter and Desulfobacterota of the RBF core taxa were also significantly correlated with the biotransformation behavior of typical groundwater pollutants (ammonia, Fe, Mn and S). The amount of As in the RBF is too low to sustain microbial survival. Some microbes in RBF can also degrade natural organic pollutants. This study not only revealed the spatial distribution of geological microbes under the impact of hydrological processes but also lays a foundation for the further study of the hydrobiogeochemical processes of active biochemical compositions in groundwater and water quality evolution, which is of positive significance to ensure the quality safety of the drinking water supplied by RBFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Xia
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation of Ministry of Education of China, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuanzheng Zhai
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation of Ministry of Education of China, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yanguo Teng
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation of Ministry of Education of China, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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Hara T, Takatsuka Y. Aerobic polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading bacteria isolated from the Tohoku region of Japan are not regionally endemic. Can J Microbiol 2022; 68:191-202. [PMID: 35020498 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2021-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the Tohoku region of Japan, 72% of the land comprises mountain forest zones. During winter, severe climatic conditions include heavy snowfall. In such an environment, which is considered high in biodiversity, we assumed that aerobic bacteria would be diverse and would possess the ability to degrade polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). In this study, 78 environmental samples were collected from the Tohoku region and 56 aerobic PCB-degrading bacterial strains were isolated. They belonged to the genera Achromobacter, Rhodococcus, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Comamonas, Pigmentiphaga, Xenophilus, Acinetobacter, and Pandoraea. Previously reported aerobic PCB-degrading bacterial strains isolated in Japan belonged to the same genera, except that the genera Acidovorax and Bacillus were not identified in the present study. In particular, the isolated Comamonas testosteroni strains YAZ2 and YU14-111 had high PCB-degrading abilities. Analysis of the sequences of the YAZ2 and YU14-111 strains showed that the gene structures of the bph operon, which encode enzymes associated with PCB degradation, were the same as those of the Acidovorax sp. KKS102 strain. Moreover, 2,3-biphenyl dioxygenase activity was responsible for the degradation characteristics of all the isolated strains. Overall, this study suggests that aerobic PCB-degrading bacteria are not specifically endemic to the Tohoku region but distributed across Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomijiro Hara
- Environmental Microbiology Research Section, Laboratory for Complex Energy Processes, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.,Environmental Microbiology Research Section, Laboratory for Complex Energy Processes, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yumiko Takatsuka
- Environmental Microbiology Research Section, Laboratory for Complex Energy Processes, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.,Environmental Microbiology Research Section, Laboratory for Complex Energy Processes, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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Urbanization Altered Bacterial and Archaeal Composition in Tidal Freshwater Wetlands Near Washington DC, USA, and Buenos Aires, Argentina. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7030072. [PMID: 30845660 PMCID: PMC6463075 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Urban expansion causes coastal wetland loss, and environmental stressors associated with development can lead to wetland degradation and loss of ecosystem services. This study investigated the effect of urbanization on prokaryotic community composition in tidal freshwater wetlands. Sites in an urban, suburban, and rural setting were located near Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Washington D.C., USA. We sampled soil associated with two pairs of functionally similar plant species, and used Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to examine changes in prokaryotic communities. Urban stressors included raw sewage inputs, nutrient pollution, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Prokaryotic communities changed along the gradient (nested PerMANOVA, Buenos Aires: p = 0.005; Washington D.C.: p = 0.001), but did not differ between plant species within sites. Indicator taxa included Methanobacteria in rural sites, and nitrifying bacteria in urban sites, and we observed a decrease in methanogens and an increase in ammonia-oxidizers from rural to urban sites. Functional profiles in the Buenos Aires communities showed higher abundance of pathways related to nitrification and xenobiotic degradation in the urban site. These results suggest that changes in prokaryotic taxa across the gradient were due to surrounding stressors, and communities in urban and rural wetlands are likely carrying out different functions.
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Wan H, Yi X, Liu X, Feng C, Dang Z, Wei C. Time-dependent bacterial community and electrochemical characterizations of cathodic biofilms in the surfactant-amended sediment-based bioelectrochemical reactor with enhanced 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobiphenyl dechlorination. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 236:343-354. [PMID: 29414357 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Applying an electric field to stimulate the microbial reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) represents a promising approach for bioremediation of PCB-contaminated sites. This study aimed to demonstrate the biocathodic film-facilitated reduction of PCB 61 in a sediment-based bioelectrochemical reactor (BER) and, more importantly, the characterizations of electrode-microbe interaction from microbial and electrochemical perspectives particularly in a time-dependent manner. The application of a cathodic potential (-0.45 V vs. SHE) significantly improved the rate and extent of PCB 61 dechlorination compared to the open-circuit scenario (without electrical stimulation), and the addition of an external surfactant further increased the dechlorination, with Tween 80 exerting more pronounced effects than rhamnolipid. The bacterial composition of the biofilms and the bioelectrochemical kinetics of the BERs were found to be time-dependent and to vary considerably with the incubation time and slightly with the coexistence of an external surfactant. Excellent correlations were observed between the dechlorination rate and the relative abundance of Dehalogenimonas, Dechloromonas, and Geobacter, the dechlorination rate and the cathodic current density recorded from the chronoamperometry tests, and the dechlorination rate and the charge transfer resistance derived from the electrochemical impedance tests, with respect to the 120 day-operation. After day 120, PCB 61 was resistant to further appreciable reduction, but substantial hydrogen production was detected, and the bacterial community and electrochemical parameters observed on day 180 were not distinctly different from those on day 120.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wan
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Yi
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chunhua Feng
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Zhi Dang
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chaohai Wei
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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Shuai J, Yu X, Zhang J, Xiong AS, Xiong F. Regional analysis of potential polychlorinated biphenyl degrading bacterial strains from China. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47:536-41. [PMID: 27140507 PMCID: PMC4927676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), the chlorinated derivatives of biphenyl, are one of the most prevalent, highly toxic and persistent groups of contaminants in the environment. The objective of this study was to investigate the biodegradation of PCBs in northeastern (Heilongjiang Province), northern (Shanxi Province) and eastern China (Shanghai municipality). From these areas, nine soil samples were screened for PCB-degrading bacteria using a functional complementarity method. The genomic 16S rDNA locus was amplified and the products were sequenced to identify the bacterial genera. Seven Pseudomonas strains were selected to compare the capacity of bacteria from different regions to degrade biphenyl by HPLC. Compared to the biphenyl content in controls of 100%, the biphenyl content went down to 3.7% for strain P9-324, 36.3% for P2-11, and 20.0% for the other five strains. These results indicate that a longer processing time led to more degradation of biphenyl. PCB-degrading bacterial strains are distributed differently in different regions of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Shuai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xurun Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Sheng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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Nam IH, Chon CM, Jung KY, Kim JG. Biodegradation of biphenyl and 2-chlorobiphenyl by a Pseudomonas sp. KM-04 isolated from PCBs-contaminated coal mine soil. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2014; 93:89-94. [PMID: 24797535 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-014-1286-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The biphenyl-degrading strain, Pseudomonas sp. KM-04, was isolated from polychlorinated biphenyls-contaminated soil sample obtained from the vicinity of a former coal mine. We herein report that strain KM-04 can use biphenyl as a sole carbon source, and resting cells convert biphenyl to its corresponding metabolic intermediates. Incubation of KM-04 with autoclaved mining-contaminated soil for 10 days in a slurry system reduced the levels of biphenyl and 2-chlorobiphenyl by 98.5 % and 82.3 %, respectively. Furthermore, treatment of a mine-soil microcosm with strain KM-04 for 15 days in a composting system under laboratory conditions reduced the levels of biphenyl and 2-chlorobiphenyl by 87.1 % and 68.7 %, respectively. These results suggest that KM-04 is a potential candidate for the biological removal of biphenyl and its chlorinated derivatives from polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Hyun Nam
- Geologic Environment Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), 92 Gwahang-no, Yusung-gu, Daejeon, 305-350, Korea,
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8
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Liang Y, Martinez A, Hornbuckle KC, Mattes TE. Potential for Polychlorinated Biphenyl Biodegradation in Sediments from Indiana Harbor and Ship Canal. INTERNATIONAL BIODETERIORATION & BIODEGRADATION 2014; 89:50-57. [PMID: 24764649 PMCID: PMC3993986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are carcinogenic, persistent, and bioaccumulative contaminants that pose risks to human and environmental health. In this study, we evaluated the PCB biodegradation of sediments from Indiana Harbor and Ship Canal (IHSC), a PCB-contaminated site (average PCB concentration = 12,570 ng/g d.w.). PCB congener profiles and bacterial community structure in a core sediment sample (4.57 m long) were characterized. Analysis of vertical PCB congener profile patterns in sediment and pore water strongly suggest that in situ dechlorination occurred in sediments. However, 16S rRNA genes from putative PCB-dechlorinating Chloroflexi were relatively more abundant in upper 2 m sediments, as were genes indicative of aerobic biodegradation potential (i.e. biphenyl dioxygenase (bphA)). Characterization of the bacterial community by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and comparison of these with sediment and pore water PCB congener profiles with the Mantel test revealed a statistical correlation (p<0.001). Sequences classified as Acinetobacter and Acidovorax were highly abundant in deep sediments. Overall, our results suggest that PCB dechlorination has already occurred, and that IHSC sediments have the potential for further aerobic and anaerobic PCB biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 4105 Seamans Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Andres Martinez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 4105 Seamans Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Keri C. Hornbuckle
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 4105 Seamans Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Timothy E. Mattes
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 4105 Seamans Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Corresponding author: Tel.: +1 319 335 5065, Fax: +1 319 335 5660,
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Cao L, Gao Y, Wu G, Li M, Xu J, He J, Li S, Hong Q. Cloning of three 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl-1,2-dioxygenase genes from Achromobacter sp. BP3 and the analysis of their roles in the biodegradation of biphenyl. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 261:246-252. [PMID: 23948567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Three 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase genes (designated as bphC1, bphC2 and bphC3) were cloned from a biphenyl-degrading strain Achromobacter sp. BP3. The amino acid sequence of BphC1 and BphC3 had high similarity (>99%) with the reported BphCs, while BphC2 showed relatively low identity (29.51-50.17%) with the reported BphCs, which indicated that bphC2 might be a novel gene. The bphC1, bphC2 and bphC3 genes were expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 and the products were homogenously purified. BphC1, BphC2 and BphC3 displayed maximum activity at 30°C, 30°C and 40°C, respectively. Their optimal catalysis pH was 8.0, 9.0 and 9.0, respectively. BphC1 and BphC2 had higher substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency on 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl, while BphC3 exhibited these features on aromatic monocyclic substrates. The bphC1 gene was only induced by biphenyl and bphC3 was induced by both biphenyl and toluene, while bphC2 was constitutively expressed in strain BP3. These results suggested that BphC1 and BphC3 played a role in the upstream and downstream metabolic pathways of biphenyl, respectively. However, BphC2 might play a supplementary role and contribute more to the upstream than to the downstream pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Dudášová H, Lukáčová L, Murínová S, Puškárová A, Pangallo D, Dercová K. Bacterial strains isolated from PCB-contaminated sediments and their use for bioaugmentation strategy in microcosms. J Basic Microbiol 2013; 54:253-60. [PMID: 23553615 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201200369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This study was focused on the characterization of 15 bacterial strains isolated from long-term PCB-contaminated sediment located at the Strážsky canal in eastern part of Slovakia, in the surroundings of a former PCB producer. PCB-degrading strains were isolated and identified as Microbacterium oleivorans, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Brevibacterium sp., Ochrobactrum anthropi, Pseudomonas mandelii, Rhodococcus sp., Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Stenotrophomonas sp., Ochrobactrum sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Starkeya novella by the 16S rRNA gene sequence phylogenetic analysis. This study presents a newly isolated bacterial strain S. novella with PCB-degrading ability in liquid medium as well as in sediment. For A. xylosoxidans, the bphA gene was identified. The best growth ability in the presence of all sole carbon sources (biphenyl and PCBs vapor) was obtained for Ochrobactrum sp. and Rhodococcus sp. Uncultured Achromobacter sp. showed the highest potential for bioaugmentation of PCB-contaminated sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Dudášová
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Department of Biochemical Technology, Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Xiong F, Shuai JJ, Jin XF, Zhang J, Sun J, Peng RH, Yao QH, Xiong AS. Expression and characterization of a recombinant 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl-1,2-dioxygenase from Pseudomonas. Mol Cell Toxicol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-012-0046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Bian L, Shuai JJ, Xiong F, Peng RH, Yao QH, Xiong AS. Expression, purification, and characterization of a 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl-1,2-dioxygenase from Bacillus sp. JF8 in Escherichia coli. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 419:339-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI)-time of flight mass spectrometry- and MALDI biotyper-based identification of cultured biphenyl-metabolizing bacteria from contaminated horseradish rhizosphere soil. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 77:6858-66. [PMID: 21821747 DOI: 10.1128/aem.05465-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria that are able to utilize biphenyl as a sole source of carbon were extracted and isolated from polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated soil vegetated by horseradish. Isolates were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The usage of MALDI Biotyper for the classification of isolates was evaluated and compared to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. A wide spectrum of bacteria was isolated, with Arthrobacter, Serratia, Rhodococcus, and Rhizobium being predominant. Arthrobacter isolates also represented the most diverse group. The use of MALDI Biotyper in many cases permitted the identification at the level of species, which was not achieved by 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses. However, some isolates had to be identified by 16S rRNA gene analyses if MALDI Biotyper-based identification was at the level of probable or not reliable identification, usually due to a lack of reference spectra included in the database. Overall, this study shows the possibility of using MALDI-TOF MS and MALDI Biotyper for the fast and relatively nonlaborious identification/classification of soil isolates. At the same time, it demonstrates the dominant role of employing 16S rRNA gene analyses for the identification of recently isolated strains that can later fill the gaps in the protein-based identification databases.
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Abstract
As one of the persistent organic pollutants, polychlorinated biphenyls are harmful to the environment and humans. Biodegradation is the most potential way to remove PCBs. Biodegradation can mainly be divided into microbial degradation, phytoremediation, plant and microbial combined remediation. Here, we introduced isolation of the PCBs-degrading strains, cloning and modification of the related degradation genes. Additionally, on the other hand, the natural remediation of plant, plant and microbial combined remediation, plant transgenic remediation were described.
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Xiong F, Shuai JJ, Peng RH, Tian YS, Zhao W, Yao QH, Xiong AS. Expression, purification and functional characterization of a recombinant 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl-1,2-dioxygenase from Rhodococcus rhodochrous. Mol Biol Rep 2010; 38:4303-8. [PMID: 21113668 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0554-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 11/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl (2,3-DHBP) dioxygenase gene from a Rhodococcus sp. strain, named RrbphCI and involved in the degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), was synthesized. RrbphCI was expressed in Escherichia coli and its encoded enzyme was purified. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the size of the protein encoded by RrbphCI was about 32 kDa. The activity of the 2,3-DHBP dioxygenase was 82.8 U/mg when the substrate was 2,3-DHBP, with optimum pH 8.0 at 30°C, and optimum temperature was 40°C at pH 8.0. The RrbphCI gene was transformed into Pseudomonas putida strain EG11, to determine the ability of the enzyme to degrade 2,3-DHBP. The wild type EG11 degraded 61.86% of supplied 2,3-DHBP and the transformed EG11 (hosting the RrbphCI gene) utilized 52.68% after 2 min of treatment at 30°C. The overexpressed and purified enzyme was able to degrade 2,3-DHBP. The 2,3-DHBP dioxygenase is a key enzyme in the PCB degradation pathway. RrbphCI and its encoded 2,3-DHBP dioxygenase may have transgenic applications in bioremediation of PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotechnological Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2901 Beidi Rd, 201106 Shanghai, China
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