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Du H, Li C. Study on the mechanism of peanut resistance to Fusarium oxysporum infection induced by Bacillus thuringiensis TG5. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1251660. [PMID: 38725557 PMCID: PMC11080293 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1251660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Peanut root rot, commonly referred to as rat tail or root rot, is caused by a range of Fusarium species. A strain of bacteria (named TG5) was isolated from crop rhizosphere soil in Mount Taishan, Shandong Province, China, through whole genome sequencing that TG5 was identified as Bacillus thuringiensis, which can specifically produce chloramphenicol, bacitracin, clarithromycin, lichen VK21A1 and bacitracin, with good biological control potential. Based on liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry metabonomics analysis and transcriptome conjoint analysis, the mechanism of TG5 and carbendazim inducing peanut plants to resist F. oxysporum stress was studied. In general, for peanut root rot caused by F. oxysporum, B. thuringiensis TG5 has greater advantages than carbendazim and is environmentally friendly. These findings provide new insights for peanut crop genetics and breeding, and for microbial pesticides to replace traditional highly toxic and highly polluting chemical pesticides. Based on the current background of agricultural green cycle and sustainable development, it has significant practical significance and broad application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Du
- Forestry College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanrong Li
- Forestry College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- Taishan Forest Ecosystem Research Station/Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow River, Tai'an, Shandong, China
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Vaish S, Soni SK, Singh B, Garg N, Zareen Ahmad I, Manoharan M, Trivedi AK. Meta-analysis of biodynamic (BD) preparations reveal the bacterial population involved in improving soil health, crop yield and quality. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2024; 22:100345. [PMID: 38494258 PMCID: PMC10980875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2023.100345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial community found in biodynamic preparations (BD500-BD507) can help improve soil health, plant development, yield, and quality. The current work describes a metagenomic investigation of these preparations to identify the bacterial communities along with the functional diversity present within them. RESULTS Metagenome sequencing was performed using the Illumina MiSeq platform, which employs next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, to provide an understanding of the bacterial communities and their functional diversity in BD preparations. NGS data of BD preparations revealed that maximum operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of the phylum Proteobacteria were present in BD506 (23429) followed by BD505 (22712) and BD501 (21591), respectively. Moreover, unclassified phylum (16657) and genus (16657) were also highest in BD506. Maximum alpha diversity was reported in BD501 (1095 OTU) and minimum in BD507 (257 OTU). Further, the OTUs for five major metabolic functional groups viz carbohydrate metabolism, xenobiotic degradation, membrane transport functions, energy metabolism, and enzyme activities were abundant in BD506 and BD501. CONCLUSION The bacterial communities in BD506 and BD501 are found to be unique and rare; they belong to functional categories that are involved in enzyme activity, membrane transport, xenobiotic degradation, and carbohydrate metabolism. These preparations might therefore be thought to be more effective. The investigation also found a highly varied population of bacteria, which could explain why BD preparations work well in the field. In view of this, the BD preparations may be utilized for unexploited bacterial communities for sustainable agriculture production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Vaish
- Division of Post Harvest Management, ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226101, India
| | - Sumit K Soni
- Division of Crop Improvement and Biotechnology, ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226101, India.
| | - Balvindra Singh
- Division of Post Harvest Management, ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226101, India
| | - Neelima Garg
- Division of Post Harvest Management, ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226101, India.
| | - Iffat Zareen Ahmad
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
| | - Muthukumar Manoharan
- Division of Crop Improvement and Biotechnology, ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226101, India
| | - Ajaya Kumar Trivedi
- Division of Post Harvest Management, ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226101, India
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Herrmann LW, Letti LAJ, Penha RDO, Soccol VT, Rodrigues C, Soccol CR. Bacillus genus industrial applications and innovation: First steps towards a circular bioeconomy. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 70:108300. [PMID: 38101553 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, environmental concerns have directed several policies, investments, and production processes. The search for sustainable and eco-friendly strategies is constantly increasing to reduce petrochemical product utilization, fossil fuel pollution, waste generation, and other major ecological impacts. The concepts of circular economy, bioeconomy, and biorefinery are increasingly being applied to solve or reduce those problems, directing us towards a greener future. Within the biotechnology field, the Bacillus genus of bacteria presents extremely versatile microorganisms capable of producing a great variety of products with little to no dependency on petrochemicals. They are able to grow in different agro-industrial wastes and extreme conditions, resulting in healthy and environmentally friendly products, such as foods, feeds, probiotics, plant growth promoters, biocides, enzymes, and bioactive compounds. The objective of this review was to compile the variety of products that can be produced with Bacillus cells, using the concepts of biorefinery and circular economy as the scope to search for greener alternatives to each production method and providing market and bioeconomy ideas of global production. Although the genus is extensively used in industry, little information is available on its large-scale production, and there is little current data regarding bioeconomy and circular economy parameters for the bacteria. Therefore, as this work gathers several products' economic, production, and environmentally friendly use information, it can be addressed as one of the first steps towards those sustainable strategies. Additionally, an extensive patent search was conducted, focusing on products that contain or are produced by the Bacillus genus, providing an indication of global technology development and direction of the bacteria products. The Bacillus global market represented at least $18 billion in 2020, taking into account only the products addressed in this article, and at least 650 patent documents submitted per year since 2017, indicating this market's extreme importance. The data we provide in this article can be used as a base for further studies in bioeconomy and circular economy and show the genus is a promising candidate for a greener and more sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Wedderhoff Herrmann
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Alberto Junior Letti
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Rafaela de Oliveira Penha
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Vanete Thomaz Soccol
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Cristine Rodrigues
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
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Williamson J, Matthews AC, Raymond B. Competition and co-association, but not phosphorous availability, shape the benefits of phosphate-solubilizing root bacteria for maize ( Zea mays). Access Microbiol 2023; 5:000543.v3. [PMID: 38188242 PMCID: PMC10765048 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000543.v3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Predicting the conditions under which rhizobacteria benefit plant growth remains challenging. Here we tested the hypothesis that benefits from inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing rhizobacteria will depend upon two environmental conditions: phosphate availability and competition between bacteria. We used maize-associated rhizobacteria with varying phosphate solubilization ability in experiments in soil, sterilized soil and gnotobiotic microcosms under conditions of varying orthophosphate availability, while we manipulated the intensity of competition by varying the number of isolates in plant inocula. Growth promotion by microbes did not depend on phosphate availability but was affected by interactions between inoculants: the beneficial effects of one Serratia isolate were only detectable when plants were inoculated with a single strain and the beneficial effects of a competition-sensitive Rhizobium was only detectable in sterilized soil or in microcosms inoculated with single strains. Moreover, microcosm experiments suggested that facilitation of a parasitic isolate, not competitive interactions between bacteria, prevented plants from gaining benefits from a potential mutualist. Competition and facilitation affected colonization of plants in microcosms but growth promotion by Serratia was more affected by inoculation treatment than culturable densities on roots. Experimental manipulation of seed inocula can reveal whether plant growth stimulation is robust with respect to competition, as well as the ecological strategies of different rhizobacteria. From an applied perspective, phosphate solubilization may not provide the mechanism for bacterial growth promotion but may indicate mutualistic potential due to phylogenetic associations. Importantly, benefits to plants are vulnerable to interactions between rhizobacteria and may not persist in mixed inoculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Williamson
- Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park campus, Imperial College London, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, University College London, Gower St, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Andrew Charles Matthews
- Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park campus, Imperial College London, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Penryn campus, University of Exeter, Penryn, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Ben Raymond
- Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park campus, Imperial College London, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Penryn campus, University of Exeter, Penryn, TR10 9FE, UK
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Koczorski P, Furtado BU, Baum C, Weih M, Ingvarsson P, Hulisz P, Hrynkiewicz K. Large effect of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria on the growth and gene expression of Salix spp. at low phosphorus levels. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1218617. [PMID: 37705708 PMCID: PMC10495996 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1218617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus is one of the most important nutrients required for plant growth and development. However, owing to its low availability in the soil, phosphorus is also one of the most difficult elements for plants to acquire. Phosphorus released into the soil from bedrock quickly becomes unavailable to plants, forming poorly soluble complexes. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can solubilize unavailable phosphorus-containing compounds into forms in which phosphorus is readily available, thus promoting plant growth. In this study, two willow species, Salix dasyclados cv. Loden and Salix schwerinii × Salix viminalis cv. Tora, were inoculated with two selected bacterial strains, Pantoea agglomerans and Paenibacillus spp., to evaluate the plant growth parameters and changes in gene expression in the presence of different concentrations of tricalcium phosphate: 0 mM (NP), 1 mM (LP), and 2 mM (HP). Inoculation with PSB increased root, shoot and leaf biomass, and for the HP treatment, significant changes in growth patterns were observed. However, the growth responses to plant treatments tested depended on the willow species. Analysis of the leaf transcriptomes of the phosphate-solubilizing bacterium-inoculated plants showed a large variation in gene expression between the two willow species. For the Tora willow species, upregulation of genes was observed, particularly for those involved in pathways related to photosynthesis, and this effect was strongly influenced by bacterial phosphate solubilization. The Loden willow species was characterized by a general downregulation of genes involved in pathway activity that included ion transport, transcription regulation and chromosomes. The results obtained in this study provide an improved understanding of the dynamics of Salix growth and gene expression under the influence of PSB, contributing to an increase in yield and phosphorus-use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Koczorski
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Bliss Ursula Furtado
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Christel Baum
- Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Weih
- Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pär Ingvarsson
- Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Piotr Hulisz
- Department of Soil Science and Landscape Management, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Hrynkiewicz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
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Song M, Wang X, Xu H, Zhou X, Mu C. Effect of Trichoderma viride on insoluble phosphorus absorption ability and growth of Melilotus officinalis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12345. [PMID: 37524898 PMCID: PMC10390638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39501-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (Pi) deficiency is a major factor of limiting plant growth. Using Phosphate-solubilizing microorganism (PSM) in synergy with plant root system which supply soluble Pi to plants is an environmentally friendly and efficient way to utilize Pi. Trichoderma viride (T. viride) is a biocontrol agent which able to solubilize soil nutrients, but little is known about its Pi solubilizing properties. The study used T. viride to inoculate Melilotus officinalis (M. officinalis) under different Pi levels and in order to investigate the effect on Pi absorption and growth of seedlings. The results found that T. viride could not only solubilizate insoluble inorganic Pi but also mineralize insoluble organic Pi. In addition, the ability of mineralization to insoluble organic Pi is more stronger. Under different Pi levels, inoculation of T. viride showed that promoted the growth of aboveground parts of seedlings and regulated the morphology of roots, thus increasing the dry weight of seedlings. The effect of T. viride on seedling growth was also reflected the increasing of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic pigment content. Moreover, compared to the uninoculated treatments, inoculation of T. viride also enhanced Pi content in seedlings. Thus, the T. viride was a beneficial fungus for synergistic the plant Pi uptake and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Song
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Changchun Greening Management Center, Changchun, China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Key Laboratory for Plant Resources Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Xiaofu Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Plant Resources Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China.
| | - Chunsheng Mu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
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Koczorski P, Furtado BU, Gołębiewski M, Hulisz P, Thiem D, Baum C, Weih M, Hrynkiewicz K. Mixed growth of Salix species can promote phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the roots and rhizosphere. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1006722. [PMID: 36338053 PMCID: PMC9634750 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1006722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential plant nutrient that can limit plant growth due to low availability in the soil. P-solubilizing bacteria in the roots and rhizosphere increase the P use efficiency of plants. This study addressed the impact of plant species, the level of plant association with bacteria (rhizosphere or root endophyte) and environmental factors (e.g., seasons, soil properties) on the abundance and diversity of P-solubilizing bacteria in short-rotation coppices (SRC) of willows (Salix spp.) for biomass production. Two willow species (S. dasycladoscv. Loden and S. schwerinii × S. viminalis cv. Tora) grown in mono-and mixed culture plots were examined for the abundance and diversity of bacteria in the root endosphere and rhizosphere during two seasons (fall and spring) in central Sweden and northern Germany. Soil properties, such as pH and available P and N, had a significant effect on the structure of the bacterial community. Microbiome analysis and culture-based methods revealed a higher diversity of rhizospheric bacteria than endophytic bacteria. The P-solubilizing bacterial isolates belonged mainly to Proteobacteria (85%), Actinobacteria (6%) and Firmicutes (9%). Pseudomonas was the most frequently isolated cultivable bacterial genus from both the root endosphere and the rhizosphere. The remaining cultivable bacterial isolates belonged to the phyla Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. In conclusion, site-specific soil conditions and the level of plant association with bacteria were the main factors shaping the bacterial communities in the willow SRCs. In particular, the concentration of available P along with the total nitrogen in the soil controlled the total bacterial diversity in willow SRCs. A lower number of endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria was observed in Loden willow species compared to that of Tora and the mix of the two, indicating that mixed growth of Salix species promotes P-solubilizing bacterial diversity and abundance. Therefore, a mixed plant design was presented as a management option to increase the P availability for Salix in SRCs. This design should be tested for further species mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Koczorski
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Bliss Ursula Furtado
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Marcin Gołębiewski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Piotr Hulisz
- Department of Soil Science and Landscape Management, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Dominika Thiem
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Christel Baum
- Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Weih
- Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katarzyna Hrynkiewicz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
- *Correspondence: Katarzyna Hrynkiewicz,
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Verma L, Bhadouria J, Bhunia RK, Singh S, Panchal P, Bhatia C, Eastmond PJ, Giri J. Monogalactosyl diacylglycerol synthase 3 affects phosphate utilization and acquisition in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:5033-5051. [PMID: 35526193 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Galactolipids are essential to compensate for the loss of phospholipids by 'membrane lipid remodelling' in plants under phosphorus (P) deficiency conditions. Monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG) synthases catalyse the synthesis of MGDG which is further converted into digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG), later replacing phospholipids in the extraplastidial membranes. However, the roles of these enzymes are not well explored in rice. In this study, the rice MGDG synthase 3 gene (OsMGD3) was identified and functionally characterized. We showed that the plant phosphate (Pi) status and the transcription factor PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE 2 (OsPHR2) are involved in the transcriptional regulation of OsMGD3. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout and overexpression lines of OsMGD3 were generated to explore its potential role in rice adaptation to Pi deficiency. Compared with the wild type, OsMGD3 knockout lines displayed a reduced Pi acquisition and utilization while overexpression lines showed an enhancement of the same. Further, OsMGD3 showed a predominant role in roots, altering lateral root growth. Our comprehensive lipidomic analysis revealed a role of OsMGD3 in membrane lipid remodelling, in addition to a role in regulating diacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid contents that affected the expression of Pi transporters. Our study highlights the role of OsMGD3 in affecting both internal P utilization and P acquisition in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Verma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyoti Bhadouria
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Rupam Kumar Bhunia
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, Punjab, India
- Plant Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Shweta Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Poonam Panchal
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Chitra Bhatia
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Peter J Eastmond
- Plant Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Jitender Giri
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
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Plant growth promoting soil microbiomes and their potential implications for agricultural and environmental sustainability. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00806-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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