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Rosiles-González V, Le Lagadec R, Varguez-Catzim P, Loria-Bastarrachea MI, González-Díaz A, Hernández-Núñez E, Aguilar-Vega M, González-Díaz MO. Preparation and Characterization of Strongly Sulfonated Acid Block and Random Copolymer Membranes for Acetic Acid Esterification with 2-Propanol. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132595. [PMID: 35808641 PMCID: PMC9269333 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we report the synthesis of block and random copolymers of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and methyl methacrylate (MMA), with different AMPS feed ratios. These solution-processable copolymers with strongly sulfonated acid groups resulted in membranes with tunable ion exchange (IEC) and water absorption capacities. AFM images confirmed the microphase separation of PAMPS-b-PMMA-1:1 block copolymer membrane, annealed under the appropriate conditions. The resulting copolymers from the random combination of a 1:1 molar ratio of AMPS and MMA monomers are effective at enhancing the esterification conversion of acetic acid, when compared with a reaction catalyzed by PAMPS-b-PMMA block copolymers and the previously studied catalytic membranes. With the PAMPS-co-PMMA-1:1 membrane, the esterification reaction using acetic acid achieved 85% isopropyl acetate. These results are closely correlated with the increase in IEC (2.63 mmol H+g−1) and the relationship between weight loss (20.3%) and swelling degree (68%) in 2-propanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Rosiles-González
- Laboratorio de Membranas, Unidad de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Mexico; (V.R.-G.); (P.V.-C.); (M.I.L.-B.); (M.A.-V.)
| | - Ronan Le Lagadec
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Paulina Varguez-Catzim
- Laboratorio de Membranas, Unidad de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Mexico; (V.R.-G.); (P.V.-C.); (M.I.L.-B.); (M.A.-V.)
| | - María I. Loria-Bastarrachea
- Laboratorio de Membranas, Unidad de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Mexico; (V.R.-G.); (P.V.-C.); (M.I.L.-B.); (M.A.-V.)
| | - Abigail González-Díaz
- Instituto Nacional de Electricidad y Energías Limpias, Reforma 113, Col. Palmira, Cuernavaca 62490, Mexico;
| | - Emanuel Hernández-Núñez
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Mérida, Mérida 97310, Mexico;
| | - Manuel Aguilar-Vega
- Laboratorio de Membranas, Unidad de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Mexico; (V.R.-G.); (P.V.-C.); (M.I.L.-B.); (M.A.-V.)
| | - María Ortencia González-Díaz
- CONACYT—Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Sulaiman S, Mohamed Sharikh A, Raja Ehsan Shah RSS. Potash derived from orange peel supported on PVA as a heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production in the packed-bed reactor. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02367-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Effect of polymer matrices of gels bearing a sulfo group on their catalytic properties for acetalization of glycerol to solketal and esterification of oleic acid to ethyl oleate. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.104943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Martínez-Cornejo V, Velázquez-Roblero J, Rosiles-González V, Correa-Duran M, Avila-Ortega A, Hernández-Núñez E, Le Lagadec R, González-Díaz MO. Synthesis of Poly(2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid) and its Block Copolymers with Methyl Methacrylate and 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate by Quasiliving Radical Polymerization Catalyzed by a Cyclometalated Ruthenium(II) Complex. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1663. [PMID: 32726922 PMCID: PMC7464165 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The first example of quasiliving radical polymerization and copolymerization of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) without previous protection of its strong acid groups catalyzed by [Ru(o-C6H4-2-py)(phen)(MeCN)2]PF6 complex is reported. Nuclear magnetic resonance (RMN) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) confirmed the diblock structure of the sulfonated copolymers. The poly(2-acryloamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PAMPS-b-PMMA) and poly(2-acryloamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)-b-poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (PAMPS-b-PHEMA) copolymers obtained are highly soluble in organic solvents and present good film-forming ability. The ion exchange capacity (IEC) of the copolymer membranes is reported. PAMPS-b-PHEMA presents the highest IEC value (3.35 mmol H+/g), but previous crosslinking of the membrane was necessary to prevent it from dissolving in aqueous solution. PAMPS-b-PMMA exhibited IEC values in the range of 0.58-1.21 mmol H+/g and it was soluble in methanol and dichloromethane and insoluble in water. These results are well correlated with both the increase in molar composition of PAMPS and the second block included in the copolymer. Thus, the proper combination of PAMPS block copolymer with hydrophilic or hydrophobic monomers will allow fine-tuning of the physical properties of the materials and may lead to many potential applications, such as polyelectrolyte membrane fuel cells or catalytic membranes for biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Martínez-Cornejo
- Unidad de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, C.P. 97205 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico; (V.M.-C.); (J.V.-R.); (V.R.-G.); (M.C.-D.)
| | - Joaquin Velázquez-Roblero
- Unidad de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, C.P. 97205 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico; (V.M.-C.); (J.V.-R.); (V.R.-G.); (M.C.-D.)
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte Km. 33.5, Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, C.P. 97203 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico;
| | - Veronica Rosiles-González
- Unidad de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, C.P. 97205 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico; (V.M.-C.); (J.V.-R.); (V.R.-G.); (M.C.-D.)
| | - Monica Correa-Duran
- Unidad de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, C.P. 97205 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico; (V.M.-C.); (J.V.-R.); (V.R.-G.); (M.C.-D.)
| | - Alejandro Avila-Ortega
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte Km. 33.5, Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, C.P. 97203 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico;
| | - Emanuel Hernández-Núñez
- CONACYT, Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, 97310 Unidad Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico;
| | - Ronan Le Lagadec
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Maria Ortencia González-Díaz
- CONACYT–Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Calle 43 No. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, 97205 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
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Zhang Y, Remadevi R, Hinestroza JP, Wang X, Naebe M. Transparent Ultraviolet (UV)-Shielding Films Made from Waste Hemp Hurd and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA). Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1190. [PMID: 32456096 PMCID: PMC7284461 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work proposes a new approach to fabricate highly transparent and flexible composite films that exhibit enhanced UV-shielding properties. Lignin has innate UV-shielding properties. However, when purified lignin, which is conventionally extracted through chemical treatment, is mixed with polymeric materials, its presence negatively influences the transparency of the resulting composite. High transparency and UV-shielding are desirable properties for many applications. In this study, composites were made by mixing lignocellulose particles and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), where lignocellulose particles were obtained from ball-milled waste hemp hurd without chemical treatments. The UV-shielding properties of the resulting composite film, as a function of hemp/PVA weight ratios, were investigated. The intermolecular interactions between the hemp particles and the PVA were characterized using infrared spectroscopy with the presence of -C=O group at 1655 cm-1, providing evidence that the chemical structure of lignin was preserved. The fabricated hemp/PVA films exhibit stronger UV-shielding, in the UVA-I range (340-400 nm) than TiO2/PVA films. The composite films also showed comparable water vapor permeability (WVP) with commercial packaging plastic film made of HDPE (high-density polyethylene). The optimization experiments were reported, with aim at understanding the balance between the UV-shielding and mechanical properties of the hemp/PVA films. The findings of this work can be applicable to the packaging, food and cosmetic industries where UV shielding is of utmost importance, hence adding value to hemp hurd waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; (Y.Z.); (R.R.); (X.W.)
| | - Rechana Remadevi
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; (Y.Z.); (R.R.); (X.W.)
| | - Juan P. Hinestroza
- Fiber Science and Apparel Design, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
| | - Xungai Wang
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; (Y.Z.); (R.R.); (X.W.)
| | - Maryam Naebe
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; (Y.Z.); (R.R.); (X.W.)
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