1
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Li X, Liang K, Dong Y, Li S, Gao Z, Wang Q. Effects and Action Mode of Oleic Acid and Azone on Release and Penetration Process of Levothyroxine Sodium Patches. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:180. [PMID: 39107558 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02875-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of thyroid diseases, particularly hypothyroidism. In this study, we investigated the impact and mechanisms of Chemical permeation enhancement(CPE) on transdermal permeation of levothyroxine sodium (L-T4) patches.We found that the combination of oleic acid (OA) and Azone (NZ) yielded the best transdermal permeation effect for L-T4.Subsequently, we also investigated the relevant propermeability mechanism.The results demonstrate that the combined application of OA and NZ significantly enhances the transdermal permeation of L-T4 compared to individual applications,it is attributed to two mechanisms: firstly, OA improves drug release by increasing the flowability of the pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) matrix; secondly, both OA and NZ act on the stratum corneum, especially facilitating L-T4 permeation through the hair follicle pathway. No skin irritation or cytotoxicity is observed with these final patches, which exhibit a remarkable therapeutic effect on hypothyroidism. this study contributes to the development of transdermal formulations of L-T4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Kaili Liang
- Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Dong
- Central Hospital affiliated to University of Science and Technology, Dalian, 116021, P. R. China
| | - Shen Li
- Central Hospital affiliated to University of Science and Technology, Dalian, 116021, P. R. China
| | - Zhengnan Gao
- Central Hospital affiliated to University of Science and Technology, Dalian, 116021, P. R. China.
| | - Qing Wang
- Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China.
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2
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Zhu A, Shi L, Shi H, Qian J, Shi Y. Role of the Soft and Hard Segments Structure in Modifying the Performance of Acrylic Adhesives Modified by Polyurethane Macromonomers. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:32735-32744. [PMID: 39100306 PMCID: PMC11292824 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Acrylic pressure sensitive adhesives, modified by polyurethane (PU), achieve selective optimization through the designability of polyurethanes. In this paper, PU macromonomers were prepared by a two-step synthesis method, using polypropylene glycol or polyethylene glycol with different molecular weights as soft segments and different types of diisocyanates: isophorone diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethylmethane diisocyanate (HMDI), 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI), and 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and chain extenders as hard segments. After being terminated by capping agents, a series of PU macromonomers of different molecular weights and structures were obtained and used to modify the acrylic base adhesives. Compared to unmodified adhesives, acrylic adhesives modified by PU macromonomers have improved adhesion performances and heat resistance and show an increasing trend with the increase of molecular weight of diols. Diols with a molecular weight of 600 have the best effect. Diisocyanates containing benzene rings can better improve the thermal performance of adhesives, where P MDI containing a biphenyl ring is the best, while aliphatic isocyanate groups have a greater improvement in adhesion performance, and the adhesion performance of P HDI with a long carbon chain is the best.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Zhu
- Key
Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related
Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and
Engineering, East China University of Science
and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lucheng Shi
- Key
Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related
Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and
Engineering, East China University of Science
and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Haoran Shi
- Key
Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related
Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and
Engineering, East China University of Science
and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jun Qian
- Key
Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related
Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and
Engineering, East China University of Science
and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yifeng Shi
- Shanghai
Hongdingfang Science Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200237, China
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3
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Abu Bakar R, Keddie JL, Roth PJ. New Chemistries for Degradable Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Networks. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202400034. [PMID: 38380972 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
With the increasing use of pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) in various industries, there is a need for greater sustainability, particularly in developing polymer materials from renewable resources, as well as the reuse and recycling of materials to reduce environmental impact, reduce waste, or extend their life. Here, we outlined the required properties of PSAs which are governed by the molecular parameters (molecular weights, dispersities, molecular weight between entanglement, molecular weight between cross-links and gel content) of polymer materials which subsequently define the physical properties (storage and loss moduli, glass transition temperature) that are required for good performance in peel, tack and shear tests. The sustainable approach discussed here is the development of degradable polymer materials featuring selectively degradable linkages in the backbone. This provides a viable alternative for the design of PSAs that could overcome the 'stickies' problem and make the recycling of glass and cardboard more efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohani Abu Bakar
- School of Mathematics & Physics, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
- Malaysian Rubber Board, 50450, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Joseph L Keddie
- School of Mathematics & Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Roth
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
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4
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Wang J, Dong Z, Chen J, Chen S. Preparation of UV Debonding Acrylate Adhesives by a Postgrafting Reaction. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5911. [PMID: 37687603 PMCID: PMC10488351 DOI: 10.3390/ma16175911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
UV debonding acrylate adhesive (UDAA) plays a crucial role in the semiconductor industry, where its excellent adhesion is required to ensure the stability of silicon wafers and leave no residue on the surface after UV irradiation. The necessary UV debonding is achieved through the formation of rigid networks by the reactions of all the vinyl groups in the system. Acrylate copolymers with vinyl groups are typically obtained by the grafting reaction of isocyanate with a side-chain hydroxyl comonomer. However, these grafting reactions easily fail due to early cross-link formation. In this study, we illustrate a straightforward method for preparing UDAA by conducting a postgrafting reaction after one-step mixing of isocyanate functional monomer (IPDI-H) and hydroxyl acrylate copolymers (BA-H), thereby skipping the abovementioned vinyl grafting process. The chemical structures of the synthesized IPDI-H and BA-H were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) analysis. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was employed to determine their molecular weights, while differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to determine their glass transition temperatures. The postgrafting reactions successfully introduced vinyl groups onto the polyacrylate copolymer chains, resulting in high bonding strength during use and a significant decrease in peeling strength after UV irradiation. Rheological methods, including the three-interval thixotropy test (3ITT) and tack test modes, were employed to characterize a series of acrylate UV debonding adhesives. The recovery percentage of the storage modulus in the 3ITT mode indicated that a 0.6 wt% isocyanate curing agent made the UV debonding adhesives resistant to deformation. From the maximum normal force in the tack test mode, it was found that UDAA with 10 wt% PETA monomer and 30 wt% C5 tackifying resin exhibited excellent combined adhesion and debonding properties, which were further confirmed by peel strength tests. Microscope images of the wafer surfaces after removing the adhesive tapes demonstrated the excellent UV debonding properties achieved after 40 s of UV irradiation through the postgrafting reaction. The prepared UDAA has excellent properties; the peel strength can reach 15 N/25 mm before UV irradiation and can be reduced to 0.5 N/25 mm after ultraviolet irradiation. This research establishes a comprehensive method for understanding and applying UDAA in various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhikai Dong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shuangjun Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Suqian Advanced Materials Institute, Nanjing Tech University, Suqian 223800, China
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5
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Li B, Li Y, Tong Z, Yang H, Du S, Zhang Z. Thermal decomposition reaction kinetics and storage life prediction of polyacrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive. E-POLYMERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2022-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The thermal decomposition behavior of polyacrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) at heating rates of 4, 6, 8, and 10 K·min−1 was measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The kinetic parameters for thermal decomposition reaction of the polyacrylate adhesive were obtained from TG profile by differential method and integral method (Kissinger, general integral, MacCallum–Tanner, Šatava–Šesták, Agrawal, and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa), the results show that the main decomposition stage of the polyacrylate adhesive starts at 301°C and its activation energy is 142.68 kJ·mol−1, the pre exponential factor is 109.55, the decomposition mechanism obeys Avrami–Erofeev equation and its decomposition kinetic equation can be expressed as: dα/dT = (109.55/β)[(1 − α)/2][−ln(1 − α)]−1exp(−1.7161 × 104/T). The storage life of PSA at 25°C was predicted to be about 19 years by isoconversional method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjun Li
- Metals and Chemistry Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Yingzi Li
- Metals and Chemistry Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Zongwen Tong
- Metals and Chemistry Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Hongbin Yang
- Metals and Chemistry Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Sensen Du
- Metals and Chemistry Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Zhuozhen Zhang
- Metals and Chemistry Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited , Beijing 100081 , China
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6
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Wei L, He Y, Lv Z, Guo D, Cheng L, Wu H, Liu A. Full-Cut Manufacture of Skin-Interfaced Microfluidic Patch with Copper Electrode for In Situ Admittance Sensing of Sweat Rate. BIOSENSORS 2022; 13:67. [PMID: 36671902 PMCID: PMC9855928 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sweat-rate measurement has received more and more attention, especially for specific groups, such as athletes, soldiers and manual workers, due to their excessive sweat loss under prolonged intense heat stress, which increases the risk of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. The highly effective manufacture of a sweat-sensing device is essential to its wide range of applications in perspiration-related physiological information detection. In this work, we propose a simple and cost-effective strategy for the manufacture of a microfluidic sweat-rate-sensing patch via laser cutting and transfer printing technology. A copper foil tape is used as the electrode for in situ admittance based sweat-rate-sensing. The detection circuits and measurement conditions are optimized to prevent the negative effect of an electrochemical reaction between a copper electrode and sweat for precise admittance measurement. In vitro and on-body experiments demonstrate that the copper electrode is applicable for admittance-based sweat sensing and is capable of achieving equivalent sensing accuracy as a gold electrode and that the proposed sensor structure can perform consecutive and accurate sweat-rate-sensing and facilitates a significant increase in manufacturing efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- School of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China
| | - Yuxin He
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zihan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Daoyou Guo
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Huaping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Aiping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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7
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Abu Bakar R, Li Y, Hewitson OP, Roth PJ, Keddie JL. Azide Photochemistry in Acrylic Copolymers for Ultraviolet Cross-Linkable Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives: Optimization, Debonding-on-Demand, and Chemical Modification. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:30216-30227. [PMID: 35737668 PMCID: PMC9264322 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) are usually made from viscoelastic, high-molecular-weight copolymers, which are fine-tuned by adjusting the comonomer ratios, molecular weights, and cross-link densities to optimize the adhesion properties for the desired end-use. To create a lightly cross-linked network, an ultraviolet (UV) photoinitiator can be incorporated. Here, we present the first use of perfluorophenylazide chemistry to control precisely a polyacrylate network for application as a PSA. Upon UV irradiation, the highly reactive nitrene from the azide moiety reacts with nearby molecules through a C-H insertion reaction, resulting in cross-linking via covalent bonding. This approach offers three benefits: (1) a means to optimize adhesive properties without the addition of an external photoinitiator; (2) the ability to switch off the tack adhesion on demand via a high cross-linking density; and (3) a platform for additional chemical modification. A series of poly(n-butyl acrylate-co-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl acrylate) or poly(PFBA-co-BA) copolymers were synthesized and modified post-polymerization into the photo-reactive poly(n-butyl acrylate-co-4-azido-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzyl acrylate) [azide-modified poly(PFBA-co-BA)] with various molar contents. When cast into films, the azide-modified copolymers with a high azide content achieved a very high shear resistance after UV irradiation, whereas the tack and peel adhesion decreased strongly with the increase in azide content, indicating that excessive cross-linking occurred. These materials are thus photo-switchable. However, in the low range of azide content, an optimum probe tack adhesion energy was obtained in films with a 0.3 mol % azide content, where a long stress plateau (indicating good fibrillation) with a high plateau stress was observed. An optimum peel adhesion strength was achieved with 0.5 mol % azide. Thus, the adhesion was finely controlled by the degree of cross-linking of the PSA, as determined by the azide content of the copolymer chain. Finally, as a demonstration of the versatility and advantages of the material platform, we show an azide-aldehyde-amine multicomponent modification of the azide copolymer to make a dye-functionalized film that retains its adhesive properties. This first demonstration of using azide functionality has enormous potential for functional PSA design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohani Abu Bakar
- Department
of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2
7XH, U.K.
- Malaysian
Rubber Board, Kuala Lumpur 50450, Malaysia
| | - Yuman Li
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2
7XH, U.K.
| | - Oliver P. Hewitson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2
7XH, U.K.
| | - Peter J. Roth
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2
7XH, U.K.
| | - Joseph L. Keddie
- Department
of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2
7XH, U.K.
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8
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Li W, Ma X, Yan J, Zou W, Zheng W, Li Y, Liang Y. Pressure sensitive adhesive based on
PFBA
monomer for
ePTFE
bonding. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- College of Chemistry and Engineering Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong P.R. China
| | - Xiao‐Yan Ma
- College of Chemistry and Engineering Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong P.R. China
| | - Jie Yan
- College of Chemistry and Engineering Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong P.R. China
| | - Wei Zou
- College of Chemistry and Engineering Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong P.R. China
| | - Wenjiang Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Engineering Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong P.R. China
| | - Yanli Li
- College of Chemistry and Engineering Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong P.R. China
| | - Yanli Liang
- College of Chemistry and Engineering Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong P.R. China
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9
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Atkinson RL, Monaghan OR, Elsmore MT, Topham PD, Toolan DTW, Derry MJ, Taresco V, Stockman RA, De Focatiis DSA, Irvine DJ, Howdle SM. RAFT polymerisation of renewable terpene (meth)acrylates and the convergent synthesis of methacrylate–acrylate–methacrylate triblock copolymers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00326g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We now report the synthesis of well-defined terpene-based polymers and precise di- and multiblock copolymer architectures by use of RAFT, wide range of Tg and promising adhesive properties are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul D. Topham
- Aston Institute of Materials Research
- Aston University
- Birmingham
- UK
| | - Daniel T. W. Toolan
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Sheffield
- Dainton Building
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield S3 7HF
| | - Matthew J. Derry
- Aston Institute of Materials Research
- Aston University
- Birmingham
- UK
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10
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Enhanced Heat Resistance of Acrylic Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive by Incorporating Silicone Blocks Using Silicone-Based Macro-Azo-Initiator. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12102410. [PMID: 33086642 PMCID: PMC7650628 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the heat resistance of acrylic-based pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA), silicone-block-containing acrylic PSAs (SPSAs) were synthesized using a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based macro-azo-initiator (MAI). To evaluate the heat resistance of the PSA films, the probe tack and 90° peel strength were measured at different temperatures. The acrylic PSA showed that its tack curves changed from balanced debonding at 25 °C to cohesive debonding at 50 °C and exhibited a sharp decrease. However, in the case of SPSA containing 20 wt% MAI (MAI20), the balanced debonding was maintained at 75 °C, and its tack value hardly changed with temperature. As the MAI content increased, the peel strength at 25 °C decreased due to the microphase separation between PDMS- and acryl-blocks in SPSA, but the shear adhesion failure temperature (SAFT) increased almost linearly from 41.3 to 122.8 °C. Unlike stainless steel substrate, SPSA showed improved peel strength on a polypropylene substrate due to its low surface energy caused by PDMS block. Owing to the addition of 20 wt% silicone-urethane dimethacrylate oligomer and 200 mJ/cm2 UV irradiation dose, MAI20 showed significantly increased 90° peel strength at 25 °C (548.3 vs. 322.4 gf/25 mm for pristine MAI20). Its heat resistance under shear stress assessed by shear adhesion failure test (SAFT) exhibited raising in failure temperature to 177.3 °C when compared to non-irradiated sample.
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11
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Park Y, Lee JH. Facile separation of optically transparent adhesive films by heat-triggered gas generation of vaporizable core–shell nanocapsules embedded with benzenesulfonyl hydrazide. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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