1
|
Chen CL, Li WC, Chuang YC, Liu HC, Huang CH, Lo KY, Chen CY, Chang FM, Chang GA, Lin YL, Yang WD, Su CH, Yeh TM, Wang TF. Sexual Crossing, Chromosome-Level Genome Sequences, and Comparative Genomic Analyses for the Medicinal Mushroom Taiwanofungus Camphoratus (Syn. Antrodia Cinnamomea, Antrodia Camphorata). Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0203221. [PMID: 35196809 PMCID: PMC8865532 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02032-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Taiwanofungus camphoratus mushrooms are a complementary and alternative medicine for hangovers, cancer, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and inflammation. Though Taiwanofungus camphoratus has attracted considerable biotechnological and pharmacological attention, neither classical genetic nor genomic approaches have been properly established for it. We isolated four sexually competent monokaryons from two T. camphoratus dikaryons used for the commercial cultivation of orange-red (HC1) and milky-white (SN1) mushrooms, respectively. We also sequenced, annotated, and comparatively analyzed high-quality and chromosome-level genome sequences of these four monokaryons. These genomic resources represent a valuable basis for understanding the biology, evolution, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis of this economically important mushrooms. We demonstrate that T. camphoratus has a tetrapolar mating system and that HC1 and SN1 represent two intraspecies isolates displaying karyotypic variation. Compared with several edible mushroom model organisms, T. camphoratus underwent a significant contraction in the gene family and individual gene numbers, most notably for plant, fungal, and bacterial cell-wall-degrading enzymes, explaining why T. camphoratus mushrooms are rare in natural environments, are difficult and time-consuming to artificially cultivate, and are susceptible to fungal and bacterial infections. Our results lay the foundation for an in-depth T. camphoratus study, including precise genetic manipulation, improvements to mushroom fruiting, and synthetic biology applications for producing natural medicinal products. IMPORTANCETaiwanofungus camphoratus (Tc) is a basidiomycete fungus that causes brown heart rot of the aromatic tree Cinnamomum kanehirae. The Tc fruiting bodies have been used to treat hangovers, abdominal pain, diarrhea, hypertension, and other diseases first by aboriginal Taiwanese and later by people in many countries. To establish classical genetic and genomic approaches for this economically important medicinal mushroom, we first isolated and characterized four sexually competent monokaryons from two dikaryons wildly used for commercial production of Tc mushrooms. We applied PacBio single molecule, real-time sequencing technology to determine the near-completed genome sequences of four monokaryons. These telomere-to-telomere and gapless haploid genome sequences reveal all genomic variants needed to be studied and discovered, including centromeres, telomeres, retrotransposons, mating type loci, biosynthetic, and metabolic gene clusters. Substantial interspecies diversities are also discovered between Tc and several other mushroom model organisms, including Agrocybe aegerita, Coprinopsis cinerea, and Schizophyllum commune, and Ganoderma lucidum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ling Chen
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Li
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chien Chuang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Cheng Liu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hao Huang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Yun Lo
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yu Chen
- Shen Nong Fungal Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Mo Chang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Ching-Hua Su
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ming Yeh
- Shen Nong Fungal Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Fang Wang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Orban A, Weber A, Herzog R, Hennicke F, Rühl M. Transcriptome of different fruiting stages in the cultivated mushroom Cyclocybe aegerita suggests a complex regulation of fruiting and reveals enzymes putatively involved in fungal oxylipin biosynthesis. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:324. [PMID: 33947322 PMCID: PMC8097960 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07648-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclocybe aegerita (syn. Agrocybe aegerita) is a commercially cultivated mushroom. Its archetypal agaric morphology and its ability to undergo its whole life cycle under laboratory conditions makes this fungus a well-suited model for studying fruiting body (basidiome, basidiocarp) development. To elucidate the so far barely understood biosynthesis of fungal volatiles, alterations in the transcriptome during different developmental stages of C. aegerita were analyzed and combined with changes in the volatile profile during its different fruiting stages. RESULTS A transcriptomic study at seven points in time during fruiting body development of C. aegerita with seven mycelial and five fruiting body stages was conducted. Differential gene expression was observed for genes involved in fungal fruiting body formation showing interesting transcriptional patterns and correlations of these fruiting-related genes with the developmental stages. Combining transcriptome and volatilome data, enzymes putatively involved in the biosynthesis of C8 oxylipins in C. aegerita including lipoxygenases (LOXs), dioxygenases (DOXs), hydroperoxide lyases (HPLs), alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) and ene-reductases could be identified. Furthermore, we were able to localize the mycelium as the main source for sesquiterpenes predominant during sporulation in the headspace of C. aegerita cultures. In contrast, changes in the C8 profile detected in late stages of development are probably due to the activity of enzymes located in the fruiting bodies. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the combination of volatilome and transcriptome data of C. aegerita revealed interesting candidates both for functional genetics-based analysis of fruiting-related genes and for prospective enzyme characterization studies to further elucidate the so far barely understood biosynthesis of fungal C8 oxylipins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Orban
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Annsophie Weber
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Robert Herzog
- International Institute Zittau, Technical University Dresden, 02763, Zittau, Saxony, Germany
| | - Florian Hennicke
- Project Group Genetics and Genomics of Fungi, Ruhr-University Bochum, Chair Evolution of Plants and Fungi, 44780, Bochum, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
| | - Martin Rühl
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Hesse, Germany. .,Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME Branch for Bioresources, 35392, Giessen, Hesse, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Herzog R, Solovyeva I, Bölker M, Lugones LG, Hennicke F. Exploring molecular tools for transformation and gene expression in the cultivated edible mushroom Agrocybe aegerita. Mol Genet Genomics 2019; 294:663-677. [PMID: 30778675 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-018-01528-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Agrocybe aegerita is a cultivated edible mushroom in numerous countries, which also serves as a model basidiomycete to study fruiting body formation. Aiming to create an easily expandable customised molecular toolset for transformation and constitutive gene of interest expression, we first created a homologous dominant marker for transformant selection. Progeny monokaryons of the genome-sequenced dikaryon A. aegerita AAE-3 used here were identified as sensitive to the systemic fungicide carboxin. We cloned the wild-type gene encoding the iron-sulphur protein subunit of succinate dehydrogenase AaeSdi1 including its up- and downstream regions, and introduced a single-point mutation (His237 to Leu) to make it confer carboxin resistance. PEG-mediated transformation of protoplasts derived from either oidia or vegetative monokaryotic mycelium with the resulting carboxin resistance marker (CbxR) plasmid pSDI1E3 yielded carboxin-resistant transformants in both cases. Plasmid DNA linearised within the selection marker resulted in transformants with ectopic multiple insertions of plasmid DNA in a head-to-tail repeat-like fashion. When circular plasmid was used, ectopic single integration into the fungal genome was favoured, but also gene conversion at the homologous locus was seen in 1 out of 11 analysed transformants. Employing CbxR as selection marker, two versions of a reporter gene construct were assembled via Golden Gate cloning which allows easy recombination of its modules. These consisted of an eGFP expression cassette controlled by the native promoter PAaeGPDII and the heterologous terminator Tnos, once with and once without an intron in front of the eGFP start codon. After protoplast transformation with either construct as circular plasmid DNA, GFP fluorescence was detected with either transformants, indicating that expression of eGFP is intron-independent in A. aegerita. This paves the way for functional genetics approaches to A. aegerita, e.g., via constitutive expression of fruiting-related genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Herzog
- Junior Research Group Genetics and Genomics of Fungi, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,LOEWE Cluster of Integrative Fungal Research, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Environmental Biotechnology, TU Dresden, Markt 23, 02763, Zittau, Germany
| | - Irina Solovyeva
- Junior Research Group Genetics and Genomics of Fungi, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,LOEWE Cluster of Integrative Fungal Research, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Bölker
- LOEWE Cluster of Integrative Fungal Research, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Luis G Lugones
- Department of Biology, Microbiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Florian Hennicke
- Junior Research Group Genetics and Genomics of Fungi, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. .,Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. .,LOEWE Cluster of Integrative Fungal Research, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. .,Department of Biology, Microbiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gupta DK, Rühl M, Mishra B, Kleofas V, Hofrichter M, Herzog R, Pecyna MJ, Sharma R, Kellner H, Hennicke F, Thines M. The genome sequence of the commercially cultivated mushroom Agrocybe aegerita reveals a conserved repertoire of fruiting-related genes and a versatile suite of biopolymer-degrading enzymes. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:48. [PMID: 29334897 PMCID: PMC5769442 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4430-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Agrocybe aegerita is an agaricomycete fungus with typical mushroom features, which is commercially cultivated for its culinary use. In nature, it is a saprotrophic or facultative pathogenic fungus causing a white-rot of hardwood in forests of warm and mild climate. The ease of cultivation and fructification on solidified media as well as its archetypal mushroom fruit body morphology render A. aegerita a well-suited model for investigating mushroom developmental biology. RESULTS Here, the genome of the species is reported and analysed with respect to carbohydrate active genes and genes known to play a role during fruit body formation. In terms of fruit body development, our analyses revealed a conserved repertoire of fruiting-related genes, which corresponds well to the archetypal fruit body morphology of this mushroom. For some genes involved in fruit body formation, paralogisation was observed, but not all fruit body maturation-associated genes known from other agaricomycetes seem to be conserved in the genome sequence of A. aegerita. In terms of lytic enzymes, our analyses suggest a versatile arsenal of biopolymer-degrading enzymes that likely account for the flexible life style of this species. Regarding the amount of genes encoding CAZymes relevant for lignin degradation, A. aegerita shows more similarity to white-rot fungi than to litter decomposers, including 18 genes coding for unspecific peroxygenases and three dye-decolourising peroxidase genes expanding its lignocellulolytic machinery. CONCLUSIONS The genome resource will be useful for developing strategies towards genetic manipulation of A. aegerita, which will subsequently allow functional genetics approaches to elucidate fundamentals of fruiting and vegetative growth including lignocellulolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak K Gupta
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Frankfurt a. M., Germany.,Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt a. M., Germany.,LOEWE Cluster of Integrative Fungal Research (IPF), Frankfurt a. M., Germany
| | - Martin Rühl
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,LOEWE Cluster of Integrative Fungal Research (IPF), Frankfurt a. M., Germany.,Project Group "Bioresources", Fraunhofer IME, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bagdevi Mishra
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Frankfurt a. M., Germany.,Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt a. M., Germany.,LOEWE Cluster of Integrative Fungal Research (IPF), Frankfurt a. M., Germany
| | - Vanessa Kleofas
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,LOEWE Cluster of Integrative Fungal Research (IPF), Frankfurt a. M., Germany
| | - Martin Hofrichter
- International Institute (IHI) Zittau, Technische Universität Dresden, Zittau, Germany
| | - Robert Herzog
- Junior Research Group Genetics and Genomics of Fungi, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt a. M., Germany.,Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt a. M., Germany.,LOEWE Cluster of Integrative Fungal Research (IPF), Frankfurt a. M., Germany
| | - Marek J Pecyna
- University of Applied Sciences Zittau/Görlitz, Zittau, Germany
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Frankfurt a. M., Germany.,Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt a. M., Germany.,LOEWE Cluster of Integrative Fungal Research (IPF), Frankfurt a. M., Germany
| | - Harald Kellner
- International Institute (IHI) Zittau, Technische Universität Dresden, Zittau, Germany
| | - Florian Hennicke
- Junior Research Group Genetics and Genomics of Fungi, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt a. M., Germany. .,Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt a. M., Germany. .,LOEWE Cluster of Integrative Fungal Research (IPF), Frankfurt a. M., Germany. .,Department of Biology, Microbiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Marco Thines
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Frankfurt a. M., Germany. .,Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt a. M., Germany. .,LOEWE Cluster of Integrative Fungal Research (IPF), Frankfurt a. M., Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dikaryotic fruiting body development in a single dikaryon of Agrocybe aegerita and the spectrum of monokaryotic fruiting types in its monokaryotic progeny. Mycol Prog 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-016-1221-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
6
|
Wang M, Gu B, Huang J, Jiang S, Chen Y, Yin Y, Pan Y, Yu G, Li Y, Wong BHC, Liang Y, Sun H. Transcriptome and proteome exploration to provide a resource for the study of Agrocybe aegerita. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56686. [PMID: 23418592 PMCID: PMC3572045 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Agrocybe aegerita, the black poplar mushroom, has been highly valued as a functional food for its medicinal and nutritional benefits. Several bioactive extracts from A. aegerita have been found to exhibit antitumor and antioxidant activities. However, limited genetic resources for A. aegerita have hindered exploration of this species. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS To facilitate the research on A. aegerita, we established a deep survey of the transcriptome and proteome of this mushroom. We applied high-throughput sequencing technology (Illumina) to sequence A. aegerita transcriptomes from mycelium and fruiting body. The raw clean reads were de novo assembled into a total of 36,134 expressed sequences tags (ESTs) with an average length of 663 bp. These ESTs were annotated and classified according to Gene Ontology (GO), Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolic pathways. Gene expression profile analysis showed that 18,474 ESTs were differentially expressed, with 10,131 up-regulated in mycelium and 8,343 up-regulated in fruiting body. Putative genes involved in polysaccharide and steroid biosynthesis were identified from A. aegerita transcriptome, and these genes were differentially expressed at the two stages of A. aegerita. Based on one-dimensional gel electrophoresis (1-DGE) coupled with electrospray ionization liquid chromatography tandem MS (LC-ESI-MS/MS), we identified a total of 309 non-redundant proteins. And many metabolic enzymes involved in glycolysis were identified in the protein database. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE This is the first study on transcriptome and proteome analyses of A. aegerita. The data in this study serve as a resource of A. aegerita transcripts and proteins, and offer clues to the applications of this mushroom in nutrition, pharmacy and industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bianli Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Molecular Diagnosis Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yamu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Barry Hon Cheung Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Luan R, Liang Y, Chen Y, Liu H, Jiang S, Che T, Wong B, Sun H. Opposing developmental functions of Agrocybe aegerita galectin (AAL) during mycelia differentiation. Fungal Biol 2010; 114:599-608. [PMID: 20943171 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2010.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2009] [Revised: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 05/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mycelia of basidiomycetes differentiating into fruiting body is a controlled developmental process, however the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. In previous work, a novel fungal Agrocybe aegerita galectin (AAL) was isolated from A. aegerita in our laboratory. AAL was shown to promote mycelial differentiation in A. aegerita and Auricularia polytricha, indicating that AAL might function as a conserved fruiting initiator during basidiomycete mycelia development. In the current work, we investigate the role of AAL in mycelia differentiation and fruiting body formation. First, the expression and localization of AAL in mycelia, primordium and fruiting body were assessed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. AAL was found to be ubiquitously expressed in the primordium and fruiting body but not in the mycelia. AAL facilitated mycelia congregation and promoted fruiting body production when AAL was applied on mycelia. At the same time, when AAL was spread on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium prior to mycelia inoculation, mycelia exhibited slowed growth rates, resulting in mycelia cords formation and inhibition of fruiting body formation. The 5' regulatory sequence of aal was cloned by 'genome walking'. Here, we show that aal lack introns in the coding region and the upstream 740 bp sequence was characterized by the existence of core promoter elements, which included: two CCAAT boxes (-535/-280), a GC box (-145), a TATA box (-30) and a fungal leader intron within the 5' UTR. The identification of regulatory expression elements may provide an explanation to the stage-specific and high-level expression of aal during fruiting development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Identification of a minimal cre1 promoter sequence promoting glucose-dependent gene expression in the beta-lactam producer Acremonium chrysogenum. Curr Genet 2007; 53:35-48. [PMID: 18040688 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-007-0164-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Revised: 10/30/2007] [Accepted: 11/04/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The promoter of the cre1 gene, encoding the glucose-dependent regulator CRE1 from the beta-lactam producer Acremonium chrysogenum, carries 15 putative CRE1 binding sites (BS1 to BS15). For a detailed analysis, we fused cre1 promoter deletion derivatives with the DsRed reporter gene to perform a comparative gene expression analysis. Plate assays, Northern hybridizations, and spectrofluorometric measurements of DsRed identified the minimal D4 promoter sequence that promoted glucose-dependent expression. Truncated recombinant CRE1 interacted with D4 in electromobility shift analysis and these binding studies were further extended with two oligonucleotides, carrying putative CRE1 binding sites BS14 and BS15. Surface plasmon resonance analysis was performed using BS14 and BS15, along with four derivatives containing 2 or 4 bp substitutions within BS14 and BS15, respectively. Substitutions within BS14 abolished the high affinity interaction with CRE1, while mutations in BS15 only marginally diminished the affinity with CRE1. In vivo analysis of a modified D4 sequence with substitutions in the two binding sites confirmed the in vitro binding results and still promoted glucose-dependent gene expression. Our results will contribute to the construction of versatile expression vectors carrying a minimal cre1 promoter sequence that still confers glucose-dependent induction of gene expression.
Collapse
|
9
|
Temporal and spatial expression of ostreolysin during development of the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1017/s0953756204002187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|