1
|
Systematic Review: Targeted Molecular Imaging of Angiogenesis and Its Mediators in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137071. [PMID: 35806074 PMCID: PMC9267012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive angiogenesis is a characteristic feature in the synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from a very early stage of the disease onward and constitutes a crucial event for the development of the proliferative synovium. This process is markedly intensified in patients with prolonged disease duration, high disease activity, disease severity, and significant inflammatory cell infiltration. Angiogenesis is therefore an interesting target for the development of new therapeutic approaches as well as disease monitoring strategies in RA. To this end, nuclear imaging modalities represent valuable non-invasive tools that can selectively target molecular markers of angiogenesis and accurately and quantitatively track molecular changes in multiple joints simultaneously. This systematic review summarizes the imaging markers used for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and/or positron emission tomography (PET) approaches, targeting pathways and mediators involved in synovial neo-angiogenesis in RA.
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun VZ, Melim TL, Mitra S, Erickson JE, Bryant SH, Farnham A, Westmoreland S, Knight H, Zhang L, Ritacco W, Homan K, Benatuil L, Sterman AJS, Goodearl AD. Fibronectin extra domain A as a drug delivery targeting epitope for rheumatoid arthritis. Adv Rheumatol 2022; 62:17. [PMID: 35624488 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-022-00247-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the ability of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for fibronectin extra-domain A (FnEDA) to target diseased tissues of mouse collagen induced arthritis (mCIA) models. To explore the parameters of the targeting exhibited by anti-FnEDA mAbs including timing and location. METHODS Targeting capabilities of anti-FnEDA mAbs were demonstrated by biodistribution study where i.v. injected antibodies were detected by conjugated near-infrared (NIR) fluorophore, 125I label and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of the injected antibody. Location of FnEDA expression in both mCIA and human RA tissue were mapped by IHC. Quantification of anti-FnEDA mAbs targeted to disease tissue was measured by whole-body autoradiography (WBA). Timing of the targeting was interrogated with fluorescent and confocal microscopy using anti-FnEDA mAbs labeled with different fluorophores and injected at different times. RESULTS Anti-FnEDA mAbs show specific targeting to diseased paws of mCIA animal. The targeting was focused on inflamed synovium which is consistent with FnEDA expression profile in both mCIA and human RA tissues. Anti-FnEDA mAbs accumulated in diseased tissue at pharmacologically relevant concentrations, the targeting was sustained for up to 14 days and FnEDA was able to support targeting of multiple doses of anti-FnEDA mAbs given 5 days apart. CONCLUSION FnEDA is specifically upregulated in the inflamed tissues of mCIA. Antibodies specific for FnEDA can be useful as molecular delivery vehicles for disease specific targeting of payloads to inflamed joint tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Z Sun
- Drug Discovery Science and Technology, Abbvie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - Terry L Melim
- Drug Discovery Science and Technology, Abbvie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Soumya Mitra
- Drug Discovery Science and Technology, Abbvie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jamie E Erickson
- Drug Discovery Science and Technology, Abbvie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Shaughn H Bryant
- Drug Discovery Science and Technology, Abbvie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | - Susan Westmoreland
- Drug Discovery Science and Technology, Abbvie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Heather Knight
- Drug Discovery Science and Technology, Abbvie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Liang Zhang
- Drug Discovery Science and Technology, Abbvie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Wendy Ritacco
- Drug Discovery Science and Technology, Abbvie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Andrew D Goodearl
- Drug Discovery Science and Technology, Abbvie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Luo Y, Wu Z, Chen S, Luo H, Mo X, Wang Y, Tang J. Protein N-glycosylation aberrations and glycoproteomic network alterations in osteoarthritis and osteoarthritis with type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6977. [PMID: 35484284 PMCID: PMC9051103 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10996-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoarthritis (OA) can be solely attributed to the shared risk factors, such as obesity, remains controversial. Several studies have revealed the critical role of abnormal glycosylation in the pathogenesis of OA and T2DM. Therefore, we speculate that T2DM may contribute to the pathogenesis of OA through the intrinsic mechanisms of N-glycosylation aberrations. Using N-glycoproteomics, we compared the changes in N-glycosylated protein abundance in cartilage samples from patients with OA without and with T2DM (DM-OA), and from patients with traumatic joint injury (NC) as controls. We identified 847 N-glycosylation sites corresponding to 729 peptides fragments from 374 proteins. The number of N-glycosylated proteins in the DM-OA group tended to decrease compared with that in the OA and NC groups. We identified 22 upregulated and 1 down-regulated N-glycosylated peptides in the OA group compared to the NC group, while only fibronectin 1 (FN1) at position N1007, cartilage intermediate layer protein 1 (CILP) at N346, and collagen type VI alpha 1 chain (COL6A1) at N804, were also identified in the DM-OA group. Compared to the OA group, the downregulation of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) at N116, collagen type VI alpha 1 chain (COL6A2) at N785, and asporin (ASPN) at N282, and the upregulation of complement component C8 alpha chain (C8α) at N437, were the most remarkable alterations in the DM-OA group. The differentially expressed N-glycosylated proteins between the OA and DM-OA groups were mainly located extracellularly and enriched in the KEGG pathways involving PI3K/Akt signaling, focal adhesion, and ECM-receptor interaction. Their predicted protein–protein interactions were also depicted. We were thus able to show the general characteristics of N-glycosylation aberrations in OA and DM-OA. Moreover, the upregulated glycosylated complement C8α in the DM-OA group might augment membrane attack complex activity, thereby exacerbating cartilage destruction. Although further confirmation is required, our hypothesis proposes a possible explanation for the deduction that T2DM is an independent risk factor for OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ziguang Wu
- Zhongshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No. 3 Kangxin Road, Xi District, Zhongshan, 528400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Song Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huanhuan Luo
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoying Mo
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianbang Tang
- Zhongshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No. 3 Kangxin Road, Xi District, Zhongshan, 528400, Guangdong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cheng CF, Liao HJ, Wu CS. Tissue microenvironment dictates inflammation and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. J Formos Med Assoc 2022; 121:1027-1033. [PMID: 35144834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The recent advance in treatments for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has significantly improved the prognosis of RA patients. However, these novel therapies do not work well for all RA patients. The unmet need suggests that the current understanding about how inflammatory response arises and progresses in RA is limited. Recent accumulating evidence reveals an important role for the tissue microenvironment in the pathogenesis of RA. The synovium, the main tissue where the RA activity occurs, is composed by a unique extracellular matrix (ECM) and residing cells. The ECM molecules provide environmental signals that determine programmed site-specific cell behavior. Improved understanding of the tissue microenvironment, especially how the synovial architecture, ECM molecules, and site-specific cell behavior promote chronic inflammation and tissue destruction, will enhance deciphering the pathogenesis of RA. Moreover, in-depth analysis of tissue microenvironment will allow us to identify potential therapeutic targets. Research is now undertaken to explore potential candidates, both cellular and ECM molecules, to develop novel therapies. This article reviews recent advances in knowledge about how changes in cellular and ECM factors within the tissue microenvironment result in propagation of chronic inflammation in RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Feng Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin County, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Jung Liao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Sheng Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ren P, Lu L, Cai S, Chen J, Lin W, Han F. Alternative Splicing: A New Cause and Potential Therapeutic Target in Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:713540. [PMID: 34484216 PMCID: PMC8416054 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.713540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) is a complex coordinated transcriptional regulatory mechanism. It affects nearly 95% of all protein-coding genes and occurs in nearly all human organs. Aberrant alternative splicing can lead to various neurological diseases and cancers and is responsible for aging, infection, inflammation, immune and metabolic disorders, and so on. Though aberrant alternative splicing events and their regulatory mechanisms are widely recognized, the association between autoimmune disease and alternative splicing has not been extensively examined. Autoimmune diseases are characterized by the loss of tolerance of the immune system towards self-antigens and organ-specific or systemic inflammation and subsequent tissue damage. In the present review, we summarized the most recent reports on splicing events that occur in the immunopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and attempted to clarify the role that splicing events play in regulating autoimmune disease progression. We also identified the changes that occur in splicing factor expression. The foregoing information might improve our understanding of autoimmune diseases and help develop new diagnostic and therapeutic tools for them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Ren
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luying Lu
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shasha Cai
- Department of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Taizhou, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiqiang Lin
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Han
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Nephropathy, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephropathy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu Z, Shou L, Wang J, Xu X. Identification of the key gene and pathways associated with osteoarthritis via single-cell RNA sequencing on synovial fibroblasts. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21707. [PMID: 32872047 PMCID: PMC7437759 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease with its onset closely related to the growth of synovial fibroblasts (SFs), yet the genes involved in are few reported. In our study, we aimed to identify the OA-associated key gene and pathways via the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis on SFs.scRNA-seq data of SFs from OA sufferers were accessed from GEO database, then the genes involved in were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) and T-Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (TSNE) Analysis. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to find the most enriched functions and pathways associated with marker genes and a PPI network was constructed to identify the key gene associated with OA occurrence.Findings revealed that marker genes in three cell types identified by TSNE were mainly activated in pathways firmly related to fibroblasts growth, such as extracellular matrix, immune and cell adhesion molecule binding-associated functions and pathways. Moreover, fibronectin1 (FN1) was validated as the key gene that was tightly related to the growth of SFs, as well as had the potential to play a key role in OA occurrence.Our study explored the key gene and pathways associated with OA occurrence, which were of great value in further investigation of OA diagnosis as well as pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lu Shou
- Department of Pneumology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lieverse RIY, Marcus D, van der Wiel AMA, Van Limbergen EJ, Theys J, Yaromina A, Lambin P, Dubois LJ. Human fibronectin extra domain B as a biomarker for targeted therapy in cancer. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:1555-1568. [PMID: 32386436 PMCID: PMC7332215 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix protein fibronectin contains a domain that is rarely found in healthy adults and is almost exclusively expressed by newly formed blood vessels in tumours, particularly in solid tumours, different types of lymphoma and some leukaemias. This domain, called the extra domain B (ED‐B), thus has broad therapeutic potential. The antibody L19 has been developed to specifically target ED‐B and has shown therapeutic potential when combined with cytokines, such as IL‐2. In this review article, we discuss the preclinical research and clinical trials that highlight the potential of ED‐B targeting for the imaging and treatment of various types of cancer. ED‐B‐centred studies also highlight how proper patient stratification is of utmost importance for the successful implementation of novel antibody‐based targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Relinde I Y Lieverse
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Damiënne Marcus
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander M A van der Wiel
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Evert J Van Limbergen
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Theys
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Ala Yaromina
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Lambin
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Ludwig J Dubois
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fibroblast-like synovial cell production of extra domain A fibronectin associates with inflammation in osteoarthritis. BMC Rheumatol 2019; 3:46. [PMID: 31819923 PMCID: PMC6886182 DOI: 10.1186/s41927-019-0093-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) involves wear and tear, and a state of low-grade inflammation. Tissue repair responses include transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ)-induced myofibroblast production of extracellular matrix. Fibronectins are an essential part of the extracellular matrix, and injection of fibronectin fragments into rabbit joints is a previously established animal model of OA. Fibronectin containing the ED-A domain is currently being used as drug delivery target in the development of anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g. Dekavil). Methods In this study, samples of synovial membrane were obtained from patients with knee OA undergoing joint replacement surgery. Immunostaining for ED-A fibronectin and the myofibroblast marker alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) was performed on fibroblast-like synovial cells (FLS) and synovial membranes. RAW 264.7 macrophages were incubated with recombinant ED-A fibronectin. Results The staining of ED-A fibronectin in OA FLS was increased by TGFβ but not by TNFα, lipopolysaccharide, or IL-6 (n = 3). ED-A fibronectin co-stained with the myofibroblast marker αSMA in both the OA FLS (n = 3) and in the OA synovial membranes (n = 8). ED-A fibronectin staining was associated with both number of lining layer cells (rho = 0.85 and p = 0.011) and sublining cells (rho = 0.88 and p = 0.007) in the OA synovium (n = 8), and co-distributed with TNFα (n = 5). Recombinant ED-A fibronectin increased the production of TNFα by RAW 264.7 macrophages (n = 3). Conclusions The disease process in OA shares features with the chronic wound healing response. Our findings support utilizing ED-A fibronectin for drug delivery or therapeutic targeting to reduce pro-inflammatory responses in OA.
Collapse
|
9
|
Scanzello CR, Markova DZ, Chee A, Xiu Y, Adams SL, Anderson G, Zgonis M, Qin L, An HS, Zhang Y. Fibronectin splice variation in human knee cartilage, meniscus and synovial membrane: observations in osteoarthritic knee. J Orthop Res 2015; 33:556-62. [PMID: 25410897 PMCID: PMC4586164 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fibronectin (FN) is a widely expressed molecule that can participate in development of osteoarthritis (OA) affecting cartilage, meniscus, and synovial membrane (SM). The alternatively spliced isoforms of FN in joint tissues other than cartilage have not been extensively studied previously. The present study compares FN splice variation in patients with varying degrees of osteoarthritic change. Joint tissues were collected from asymptomatic donors and patients undergoing arthroscopic procedures. Total RNA was amplified by PCR using primers flanking alternatively spliced Extra Domain A (EDA), Extra Domain B (EDB) and Variable (V) regions. EDB(+) , EDB(-) and EDA(-) and V(+) variants were present in all joint tissues, while the EDA(+) variant was rarely detected. Expression levels of EDB(+) and EDV(+) variants were similar in cartilage, synovium, and meniscal tissues. Synovial expression of V(+) FN in arthroscopy patients varied with degree of cartilage degeneration. Two V(-) isoforms, previously identified in cartilage, were also present in SM and meniscus. Fibronectin splicing in meniscus and SM bears striking resemblance to that of cartilage. Expression levels of synovial V(+) FN varied with degree of cartilage degeneration. V(+) FN should be investigated as a potential biomarker of disease stage or progression in larger populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla R. Scanzello
- Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Ana Chee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Yan Xiu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sherrill L. Adams
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Greg Anderson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Miltiadis Zgonis
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Howard S. An
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Yejia Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL,Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lord MS, Farrugia BL, Rnjak-Kovacina J, Whitelock JM. Current serological possibilities for the diagnosis of arthritis with special focus on proteins and proteoglycans from the extracellular matrix. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 15:77-95. [DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2015.979158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
11
|
Liu M, Xie M, Jiang S, Liu G, Li L, Liu D, Yang X. A novel bispecific antibody targeting tumor necrosis factor α and ED-B fibronectin effectively inhibits the progression of established collagen-induce arthritis. J Biotechnol 2014; 186:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
12
|
Liu MY, Hu XP, Xie M, Jiang SJ, Li LJ, Liu DX, Yang XS. Secretory expression of a bispecific antibody targeting tumor necrosis factor and ED-B fibronectin in Pichia pastoris and its functional analysis. Biotechnol Lett 2014; 36:2425-31. [PMID: 25129049 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-014-1630-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Specific targeting of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α antagonist to the inflamed site could increase its efficacy and reduce side-effects. Here, we constructed a bispecific diabody (BsDb) that targets TNF-α and ED-B-containing fibronectin, a fibronectin isoform specifically expressed in the pannus of the inflamed synovium in rheumatoid arthritis. BsDb was secreted from Pichia pastoris as functional protein and was purified to homogeneity. BsDb could simultaneously bind to human TNF-α and B-FN and neutralize TNF-α action. Additionally, BsDb showed a significant gain both in the antigen-binding affinity and in TNF-α-neutralizing ability as compared to its original antibodies, L19 and anti-TNF-α scFv, which were produced in E. coli. BsDb was constructed and was endowed with enhanced bioactivities and improved production processing. Therefore, it holds great potential for in vivo applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-yuan Liu
- Center for Infection and Immunity Research, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Youyi Road 368, Wuhan, 430062, China,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bhattacharyya S, Tamaki Z, Wang W, Hinchcliff M, Hoover P, Getsios S, White ES, Varga J. FibronectinEDA promotes chronic cutaneous fibrosis through Toll-like receptor signaling. Sci Transl Med 2014; 6:232ra50. [PMID: 24739758 PMCID: PMC4414050 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3008264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Scleroderma is a progressive autoimmune disease affecting multiple organs. Fibrosis, the hallmark of scleroderma, represents transformation of self-limited wound healing into a deregulated self-sustaining process. The factors responsible for maintaining persistent fibroblast activation in scleroderma and other conditions with chronic fibrosis are not well understood. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its damage-associated endogenous ligands are implicated in immune and fibrotic responses. We now show that fibronectin extra domain A (Fn(EDA)) is an endogenous TLR4 ligand markedly elevated in the circulation and lesional skin biopsies from patients with scleroderma, as well as in mice with experimentally induced cutaneous fibrosis. Synthesis of Fn(EDA) was preferentially stimulated by transforming growth factor-β in normal fibroblasts and was constitutively up-regulated in scleroderma fibroblasts. Exogenous Fn(EDA) was a potent stimulus for collagen production, myofibroblast differentiation, and wound healing in vitro and increased the mechanical stiffness of human organotypic skin equivalents. Each of these profibrotic Fn(EDA) responses was abrogated by genetic, RNA interference, or pharmacological disruption of TLR4 signaling. Moreover, either genetic loss of Fn(EDA) or TLR4 blockade using a small molecule mitigated experimentally induced cutaneous fibrosis in mice. These observations implicate the Fn(EDA)-TLR4 axis in cutaneous fibrosis and suggest a paradigm in which aberrant Fn(EDA) accumulation in the fibrotic milieu drives sustained fibroblast activation via TLR4. This model explains how a damage-associated endogenous TLR4 ligand might contribute to converting self-limited tissue repair responses into intractable fibrogenesis in chronic conditions such as scleroderma. Disrupting sustained TLR4 signaling therefore represents a potential strategy for the treatment of fibrosis in scleroderma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swati Bhattacharyya
- Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Zenshiro Tamaki
- Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Wenxia Wang
- Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Monique Hinchcliff
- Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Paul Hoover
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Spiro Getsios
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Eric S. White
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109–5642, USA
| | - John Varga
- Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Locher R, Erba PA, Hirsch B, Bombardieri E, Giovannoni L, Neri D, Dürkop H, Menssen HD. Abundant in vitro expression of the oncofetal ED-B-containing fibronectin translates into selective pharmacodelivery of 131I-L19SIP in a prostate cancer patient. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2013; 140:35-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-013-1538-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
15
|
|
16
|
Chaves KCB, Turaça LT, Pesquero JB, Mennecier G, Dagli MLZ, Chammas R, Schor N, Bellini MH. Fibronectin expression is decreased in metastatic renal cell carcinoma following endostatin gene therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2012; 66:464-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
|
17
|
Kriegsmann M, Seeley EH, Schwarting A, Kriegsmann J, Otto M, Thabe H, Dierkes B, Biehl C, Sack U, Wellmann A, Kahaly GJ, Schwamborn K, Caprioli RM. MALDI MS imaging as a powerful tool for investigating synovial tissue. Scand J Rheumatol 2012; 41:305-9. [PMID: 22639849 DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2011.647925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify and image protein biomarker candidates in the synovial tissue of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and patients with osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS A novel matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) technique was applied to the analysis of synovial tissue. Patients were classified according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for RA. Frozen sections were stained to obtain morphological data. Serial sections were desiccated, and spotted with matrix for MALDI analysis. Ions generated by laser irradiation of the tissue were separated in time, based on their m/z ratio, and were subsequently detected. IMS was used in a 'profiling' mode to detect discrete spots for rapid evaluation of proteomic patterns in various tissue compartments. Photomicrographs of the stained tissue images were reviewed by a pathologist. Areas of interest (10 discrete areas/compartment) were marked digitally and the histology-annotated images were merged to form a photomicrograph of the section taken before the MALDI measurement. Pixel coordinates of these areas were transferred to a robotic spotter, the matrix was spotted, and the coordinates of the spots were transferred to a mass spectrometer for spectral acquisition. The data generated were then subjected to biocomputation analysis to reveal the biomarker candidates. RESULTS Several peaks (m/z) consistent in mass with calgranulins, defensins, and thymosins were detected and their distribution in various synovial compartments (synovial lining and sublining layer) was demonstrated. CONCLUSION MALDI IMS is a powerful tool for the rapid detection of numerous proteins (in situ proteomics) and was applied here for the analysis of the distribution of proteins in synovial tissue sections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Kriegsmann
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Aziz-Seible RS, Casey CA. Fibronectin: Functional character and role in alcoholic liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17:2482-99. [PMID: 21633653 PMCID: PMC3103806 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i20.2482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Revised: 04/07/2011] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibronectins are adhesive glycoproteins that can be found in tissue matrices and circulating in various fluids of the body. The variable composition of fibronectin molecules facilitates a diversity of interactions with cell surface receptors that suggest a role for these proteins beyond the structural considerations of the extracellular matrix. These interactions implicate fibronectin in the regulation of mechanisms that also determine cell behavior and activity. The two major forms, plasma fibronectin (pFn) and cellular fibronectin (cFn), exist as balanced amounts under normal physiological conditions. However, during injury and/or disease, tissue and circulating levels of cFn become disproportionately elevated. The accumulating cFn, in addition to being a consequence of prolonged tissue damage, may in fact stimulate cellular events that promote further damage. In this review, we summarize what is known regarding such interactions between fibronectin and cells that may influence the biological response to injury. We elaborate on the effects of cFn in the liver, specifically under a condition of chronic alcohol-induced injury. Studies have revealed that chronic alcohol consumption stimulates excess production of cFn by sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatic stellate cells while impairing its clearance by other cell types resulting in the build up of this glycoprotein throughout the liver and its consequent increased availability to influence cellular activity that could promote the development of alcoholic liver disease. We describe recent findings by our laboratory that support a plausible role for cFn in the promotion of liver injury under a condition of chronic alcohol abuse and the implications of cFn stimulation on the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. These findings suggest an effect of cFn in regulating cell behavior in the alcohol-injured liver that is worth further characterizing not only to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the role this reactive glycoprotein plays in the progression of injury but also for the insight further studies could provide towards the development of novel therapies for alcoholic liver disease.
Collapse
|
19
|
Frey K, Zivanovic A, Schwager K, Neri D. Antibody-based targeting of interferon-alpha to the tumor neovasculature: a critical evaluation. Integr Biol (Camb) 2011; 3:468-78. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ib00099j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Frey
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Fax: +41 44 633 13 58; Tel: +41 44 633 74 01
| | - Andjelija Zivanovic
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Fax: +41 44 633 13 58; Tel: +41 44 633 74 01
| | - Kathrin Schwager
- Philochem AG, c/o ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dario Neri
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Fax: +41 44 633 13 58; Tel: +41 44 633 74 01
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Coltrini D, Ronca R, Belleri M, Zardi L, Indraccolo S, Scarlato V, Giavazzi R, Presta M. Impact of VEGF-dependent tumour micro-environment on EDB fibronectin expression by subcutaneous human tumour xenografts in nude mice. J Pathol 2010; 219:455-62. [PMID: 19824060 DOI: 10.1002/path.2626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Fibronectin (FN) is an extracellular matrix cell-adhesive glycoprotein. The alternative spliced isoform EDB-FN (extra domain B containing FN) is highly expressed in tumour blood vessels and stroma and represents a candidate for tumour targeting. To investigate the impact of different angiogenic micro-environments on EDB-FN expression, we used a tumour model in which human endometrial adenocarcinoma Tet-FGF2 cells overexpressing fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) driven by the tetracycline-responsive promoter were further transfected with a VEGF antisense cDNA, generating AS-VEGF/Tet-FGF2 cells. In this model, the expression of FGF2 plus VEGF results in fast-growing, highly vascularized Tet-FGF2 tumours. Down-regulation of FGF2 production by tetracycline administration and/or of VEGF production by AS-VEGF transduction inhibited tumour growth and vascularization, with profound changes in tumour micro-environment. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis using human EDB-FN primers shows that subcutaneous grafting in immunodeficient mice is per se sufficient to cause a dramatic up-regulation of EDB-FN expression by these cells, as well as by human oesophageal cancer KYSE 30 cells and renal carcinoma Caki-1 cells. However, in vivo down-regulation of VEGF expression, as occurs in AS-VEGF/Tet-FGF2 tumours, and to a lesser extent of FGF2 expression, as occurs in tetracycline-treated Tet-FGF2 tumour-bearing animals, causes significant inhibition of EDB-FN production in tumour grafts, as shown by immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Accordingly, treatment of Tet-FGF2 tumour-bearing animals with the neutralizing anti-murine VEGF receptor-2 antibody DC101, or of Caki-1 tumour-bearing animals with the anti-VEGF antibody bevacizumab, inhibited EDB-FN expression in tumour grafts. EDB-FN down-regulation was paralleled by a decrease in vascularity, thus confirming EDB-FN as a marker of tumour angiogenesis. These data demonstrate that the angiogenic micro-environment, and in particular the VEGF/VEGFR-2 system, plays a key role in modulating EDB-FN expression by tumour cells in vivo. This may have implications for the design of therapeutic strategies targeting EDB-FN in combination with anti-angiogenic and/or cytotoxic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Coltrini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Vollmer S, Vater A, Licha K, Gemeinhardt I, Gemeinhardt O, Voigt J, Ebert B, Schnorr J, Taupitz M, Macdonald R, Schirner M. Extra Domain B Fibronectin as a Target for Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of Rheumatoid Arthritis Affected Joints In Vivo. Mol Imaging 2009. [DOI: 10.2310/7290.2009.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Vollmer
- From Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin; Mivenion GmbH, Berlin; Institut für Radiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| | - Axel Vater
- From Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin; Mivenion GmbH, Berlin; Institut für Radiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Licha
- From Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin; Mivenion GmbH, Berlin; Institut für Radiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ines Gemeinhardt
- From Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin; Mivenion GmbH, Berlin; Institut für Radiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ole Gemeinhardt
- From Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin; Mivenion GmbH, Berlin; Institut für Radiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Voigt
- From Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin; Mivenion GmbH, Berlin; Institut für Radiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ebert
- From Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin; Mivenion GmbH, Berlin; Institut für Radiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Schnorr
- From Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin; Mivenion GmbH, Berlin; Institut für Radiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Taupitz
- From Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin; Mivenion GmbH, Berlin; Institut für Radiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Macdonald
- From Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin; Mivenion GmbH, Berlin; Institut für Radiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Schirner
- From Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin; Mivenion GmbH, Berlin; Institut für Radiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tsai YS, Shiau AL, Chen YF, Tsai HT, Lee HL, Tzai TS, Wu CL. Enhancement of antitumor immune response by targeted interleukin-12 electrogene transfer through antiHER2 single-chain antibody in a murine bladder tumor model. Vaccine 2009; 27:5383-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2009] [Revised: 06/21/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
23
|
Garrood T, Blades M, Haskard DO, Mather S, Pitzalis C. A novel model for the pre-clinical imaging of inflamed human synovial vasculature. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2009; 48:926-31. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kep117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
24
|
Expression of the oncofetal ED-B–containing fibronectin isoform in hematologic tumors enables ED-B–targeted 131I-L19SIP radioimmunotherapy in Hodgkin lymphoma patients. Blood 2009; 113:2265-74. [PMID: 19131554 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2008-06-160416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Current treatment of hematologic malignancies involves rather unspecific chemotherapy, frequently resulting in severe adverse events. Thus, modern clinical research focuses on compounds able to discriminate malignant from normal tissues. Being expressed in newly formed blood vessels of solid cancers but not in normal mature tissues, the extradomain B of fibronectin (ED-B FN) is a promising target for selective cancer therapies. Using immunohistology with a new epitope retrieval technique for paraffin-embedded tissues, ED-B FN expression was found in biopsies from more than 200 Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients of nearly all entities, and in patients with myeloproliferative diseases. ED-B FN expression was nearly absent in normal lymph nodes (n = 10) and bone marrow biopsies (n = 9). The extent of vascular ED-B FN expression in lymphoma tissues was positively correlated with grade of malignancy. ED-B FN expression was enhanced in lymph nodes with severe lymphadenopathy and in some hyperplastic tonsils. The in vivo accessibility of ED-B FN was confirmed in 3 lymphoma patients, in whom the lymphoma lesions were visualized on scintigraphy with 131I-labeled L19 small immunoprotein (131I-L19SIP). In 2 relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma patients131I-L19SIP radioimmunotherapy induced a sustained partial response, qualifying ED-B FN as a promising target for antibody-based lymphoma therapies.
Collapse
|
25
|
Differences between the early and advanced stages of rheumatoid arthritis in the expression of EDA-containing fibronectin. Rheumatol Int 2009; 29:1397-401. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-009-0866-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
26
|
Innate immune system activation in osteoarthritis: is osteoarthritis a chronic wound? Curr Opin Rheumatol 2008; 20:565-72. [PMID: 18698179 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0b013e32830aba34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Synovial inflammation is increasingly recognized as an important pathophysiologic process in osteoarthritis, but the stimuli and downstream pathways activated are not well defined. Innate immune system activation, best documented in responses to pathogens, likely plays a role in induction of inflammatory mediators and the specific cellular infiltrate seen in osteoarthritis. Thus, the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and their signaling pathways are of particular interest. These innate pattern-recognition receptors are activated not only by pathogens but by endogenous 'danger signals'. In this report, we review evidence that certain extracellular matrix components of joint tissues (hyaluronan and fibronectin) may act as TLR stimuli, and summarize recent literature implicating TLR activation in osteoarthritis. RECENT FINDINGS Convincing evidence exists that hyaluronan/TLR interactions drive responses to tissue injury. Evidence of a similar role for fibronectin is growing. TLRs are expressed and functional in the joint, and many proteases and cytokines that promote cartilage catabolism are dependent on nuclear factor-kappaB, a TLR-activated transcription factor. SUMMARY Activation of TLR pathways seems likely in osteoarthritis and may play a central role in disease development and progression. A model of osteoarthritis as a chronic wound, in which the innate immune response is triggered by molecular signals of tissue damage, is presented as a framework for future study of inflammation in this prevalent joint disease.
Collapse
|
27
|
Increased responsiveness to toll-like receptor 4 stimulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with recent onset rheumatoid arthritis. Mediators Inflamm 2008; 2008:132732. [PMID: 18584044 PMCID: PMC2435281 DOI: 10.1155/2008/132732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2007] [Accepted: 03/28/2008] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Cell signaling via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) leads to synovial inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed to assess effects of TLR2 and TLR4 stimulation on proinflammatory cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with recent-onset RA, osteoarthrosis (OA), and healthy control (HC).
Methods. PBMCs were stimulated with LPS, biglycan and cytokine mix. Cytokines were analyzed in supernatants with ELISA. Expression of toll-like receptors mRNA in leukocytes was analyzed using real-time qPCR.
Results. PBMCs from RA patients spontaneously produced less IL-6 and TNFα than cells from OA and HC subjects.
LPS increased cytokines' production in all groups. In RA patients increase was dramatic (30 to 48-fold and 17 to 31-fold, for respective cytokines) compared to moderate (2 to 8-fold) in other groups. LPS induced 15-HETE generation in PBMCs from RA (mean 251%) and OA patients (mean 43%), although only in OA group, the increase was significant. TLR2 and TLR4 gene expressions decreased in response to cytokine mix, while LPS enhanced TLR2 expression in HC and depressed TLR4 expression in OA patients.
Conclusion. PBMCs from recent-onset RA patients are overresponsive to stimulation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide.
TLR expression is differentially regulated in healthy and arthritic subjects.
Collapse
|
28
|
Rybak JN, Trachsel E, Scheuermann J, Neri D. Ligand-based vascular targeting of disease. ChemMedChem 2008; 2:22-40. [PMID: 17154429 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200600181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This review illustrates the basic principles of ligand-based vascular targeting and presents some of the most advanced results obtained in this field, not only in terms of biopharmaceuticals, which are currently being investigated in clinical and preclinical studies, but also in terms of enabling technologies that facilitate target and ligand discovery. Whereas most of the vascular targeting research activities have so far concentrated on tumoral angiogenesis, the development of non-oncological applications has recently gained momentum and is likely to become an important area of modern pharmaceutical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jascha-N Rybak
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Okabe T, Ohmori Y, Tanigami A, Hishigaki H, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Kawaguchi A, Nakaya H, Wakitani S. Detection of gene expression in synovium of patients with osteoarthritis using a random sequencing method. Acta Orthop 2007; 78:687-92. [PMID: 17966030 DOI: 10.1080/17453670710014400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of osteoarthritis (OA) is multifactorial and current research attributes it to a complex network of biochemical factors. We attempted to identify important molecules in OA joint destruction. PATIENTS AND METHODS Synovium was collected from 2 women with hip OA. Total RNA was extracted from the combined synovium. Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were randomly sequenced for identification with the oligo-capping method. mRNA expression of 9 genes that were found to be frequently expressed was compared in synovium from 7 OA patients and 2 control patients with no signs of arthritis. RESULTS We sequenced 7,339 mRNAs in total and identified 4,247 different kinds, which were ranked in order of frequency. Fibronectin was the protein most frequently expressed (230/7,339), followed by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1 and 3. The 9 genes selected were those encoding fibronectin 1, MMP1, MMP3, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3, apolipoprotein L-I (APOL1), syndecan binding protein, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5, heat shock protein 90, and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5). We investigated expression of these 9 genes in synovium from the 7 individual patients with OA. All 9 genes were expressed in OA and control synovium. Expression of MMP1 mRNA was weak in OA samples, however, while expression of ADAMTS5 and APOL1 mRNAs was weak in the controls and some of the OA samples. INTERPRETATION ADAMTS5 and APOL1 may have important roles in the mechanism of OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Okabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kato H, Matsumine A, Wakabayashi T, Hasegawa M, Sudo A, Shintani K, Fukuda A, Kato K, Ide N, Orita S, Hasegawa T, Matsumura C, Furukawa M, Tasaki T, Sonoda H, Uchida A. Large-scale gene expression profiles, differentially represented in osteoarthritic synovium of the knee joint using cDNA microarray technology. Biomarkers 2007; 12:384-402. [PMID: 17564844 DOI: 10.1080/13547500601162482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common age-related chronic disorders of articular cartilage, joints and bone tissue. Diagnosis of OA commonly depends on clinical and radiographic findings. However, changes in cartilage associated with the early stage of OA cannot be detected using radiographs, because significant cartilage degeneration must occur before radiographic findings show alterations of the appearance of cartilage. To identify new biomarkers of OA, we analysed gene expression profiles of synovium from 43 patients with OA, ten patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and eight non-OA/non-RA patients using a novel cDNA microarray chip. We identified 21 genes with simultaneous significant differences in expression between OA and non-OA/non-RA groups and between OA and RA groups. Linear discriminant analysis showed that the three groups could be well separated using those 21 genes. Statistical analysis also revealed that several of the 21 genes were associated with disease progression and clinical presentation. The graphical modelling method indicated that some of the 21 genes are significantly associated with a particular clinical presentation, suggesting biological relationships among those genes. This is the first report of the use of cDNA microarray technology to create large-scale gene expression profiles differentially expressed in situ in OA synovium of the knee joint.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Kato
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu-City, Mie, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Przybysz M, Maszczak D, Borysewicz K, Szechiński J, Katnik-Prastowska I. Relative sialylation and fucosylation of synovial and plasma fibronectins in relation to the progression and activity of rheumatoid arthritis. Glycoconj J 2007; 24:543-50. [PMID: 17610063 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-007-9049-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2007] [Revised: 05/11/2007] [Accepted: 05/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The expressions of terminal sugars in synovial and plasma fibronectins were studied in relation to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) progression defined according to the early, established and late radiological changes in the patients' hands. The relative amounts of sialic acid and fucose were analyzed by lectin-ELISA using appropriate sialic acid-linked alpha2-3 (Maackia amurensis) and alpha2-6 (Sambucus nigra) lectins as well as fucose-linked alpha1-6 (Aleuria aurantia), alpha1-2 (Ulex europaeus), and alpha1-3 (Tetragonolobus purpureus). In the early RA group, the synovial fibronectin reactivities were the lowest with the all lectins used. In the established and late groups, relative sialylation and fucosylation significantly increased. However, sialylation negligibly decreased, whereas fucosylation remained at nearly the same level in the late group. Moreover, the expression of alpha1-6-linked fucose was found to be related to disease activity. In contrast, plasma fibronectin reactivity with lectins showed different dynamic alterations. In the early RA group, the reactivity of fibronectin with the lectins used was similar to that of healthy individuals, whereas it increased significantly in the established RA group compared with the early and normal plasma groups. In the late RA group it decreased to a level similar to that of the normal group. The lower expressions of terminal sugars in synovial fibronectin were mainly associated with the early degenerative processes of RA. In conclusion, such alterations may be applicable as a stage-specific marker for diagnosis and therapy of RA patients. The higher expression of terminal sugars in fibronectin could be associated with repair and adaptation processes in longstanding disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Przybysz
- Department of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Wrocław Medical University, Bujwida 44a, 50-345, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Trachsel E, Bootz F, Silacci M, Kaspar M, Kosmehl H, Neri D. Antibody-mediated delivery of IL-10 inhibits the progression of established collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2007; 9:R9. [PMID: 17261171 PMCID: PMC1860067 DOI: 10.1186/ar2115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2006] [Revised: 01/12/2007] [Accepted: 01/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibody-mediated targeted delivery of cytokines to sites of disease is a promising avenue for cancer therapy, but it is largely unexplored for the treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions. Using both radioactive and fluorescent techniques, the human monoclonal antibodies L19 and G11 (specific to two markers of angiogenesis that are virtually undetectable in normal adult tissues) were found to selectively localize at arthritic sites in the murine collagen-induced model of rheumatoid arthritis following intravenous (i.v.) administration. The same animal model was used to study the therapeutic action of the L19 antibody fused to the cytokines IL-2, tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-10. Whereas L19-IL-2 and L19-TNF treatment led to increased arthritic scores and paw swellings, the fusion protein L19-IL-10 displayed a therapeutic activity, which was superior to the activity of IL-10 fused to an antibody of irrelevant specificity in the mouse. The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 has been investigated for the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but clinical development plans have been discontinued because of a lack of efficacy. Because the antigen recognised by L19 is strongly expressed at sites of arthritis in humans and identical in both mice and humans, it suggests that the fusion protein L19-IL-10 might help overcome some of the clinical limitations of IL-10 and provide a therapeutic benefit to patients with chronic inflammatory disorders, including arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eveline Trachsel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Paulistrasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frank Bootz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Paulistrasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michela Silacci
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Paulistrasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Kaspar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Paulistrasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hartwig Kosmehl
- Institute of Pathology, Helios Klinikum Erfurt, Nordhaeuser Strasse 74, D-99089 Erfurt, Germany
| | - Dario Neri
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Paulistrasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Steenvoorden MMC, Tolboom TCA, van der Pluijm G, Löwik C, Visser CPJ, DeGroot J, Gittenberger-DeGroot AC, DeRuiter MC, Wisse BJ, Huizinga TWJ, Toes REM. Transition of healthy to diseased synovial tissue in rheumatoid arthritis is associated with gain of mesenchymal/fibrotic characteristics. Arthritis Res Ther 2007; 8:R165. [PMID: 17076892 PMCID: PMC1794508 DOI: 10.1186/ar2073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2006] [Revised: 09/28/2006] [Accepted: 10/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The healthy synovial lining layer consists of a single cell layer that regulates the transport between the joint cavity and the surrounding tissue. It has been suggested that abnormalities such as somatic mutations in the p53 tumor-suppressor gene contribute to synovial hyperplasia and invasion in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, expression of epithelial markers on healthy and diseased synovial lining tissue was examined. In addition, we investigated whether a regulated process, resembling epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)/fibrosis, could be responsible for the altered phenotype of the synovial lining layer in RA. Synovial tissue from healthy subjects and RA patients was obtained during arthroscopy. To detect signs of EMT, expression of E-cadherin (epithelial marker), collagen type IV (indicator of the presence of a basement membrane) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-sma; a myofibroblast marker) was investigated on frozen tissue sections using immunohistochemistry. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) from healthy subjects were isolated and subjected to stimulation with synovial fluid (SF) from two RA patients and to transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. To detect whether EMT/fibrotic markers were increased, expression of collagen type I, α-sma and telopeptide lysylhydroxylase (TLH) was measured by real time PCR. Expression of E-cadherin and collagen type IV was found in healthy and arthritic synovial tissue. Expression of α-sma was only found in the synovial lining layer of RA patients. Stimulation of healthy FLSs with SF resulted in an upregulation of α-sma and TLH mRNA. Collagen type I and TLH mRNA were upregulated after stimulation with TGF-β. Addition of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-7 to healthy FLS stimulated with SF inhibited the expression of α-sma mRNA. The finding that E-cadherin and collagen type IV are expressed in the lining layer of healthy and arthritic synovium indicates that these lining cells display an epithelial-like phenotype. In addition, the presence of α-sma in the synovial lining layer of RA patients and induction of fibrotic markers in healthy FLSs by SF from RA patients indicate that a regulated process comparable to EMT might cause the alteration in phenotype of RA FLSs. Therefore, BMP-7 may represent a promising agent to counteract the transition imposed on synoviocytes in the RA joint.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjan MC Steenvoorden
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- TNO Quality of Life, Business Unit Biomedical Research, Zernikedreef 9, 2333 CK Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja CA Tolboom
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gabri van der Pluijm
- Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens Löwik
- Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis PJ Visser
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rijnland Hospital, Simon Smitweg 1, 2353 GA Leiderdorp, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen DeGroot
- TNO Quality of Life, Business Unit Biomedical Research, Zernikedreef 9, 2333 CK Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marco C DeRuiter
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bert J Wisse
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tom WJ Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - René EM Toes
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Shahrara S, Park CC, Temkin V, Jarvis JW, Volin MV, Pope RM. RANTES Modulates TLR4-Induced Cytokine Secretion in Human Peripheral Blood Monocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 177:5077-87. [PMID: 17015691 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.8.5077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes are the key regulators of joint inflammation and destruction in rheumatoid arthritis; hence, suppression of their recruitment into the joint may be therapeutically beneficial. Chemokines, including RANTES, are highly expressed in the joints of patient with rheumatoid arthritis, and they promote leukocyte trafficking into the synovial tissue. Because endogenous TLR4 ligands are expressed in the rheumatoid joint, the TLR4 ligand LPS was used to characterize the effects of RANTES on the TLR4-mediated induction of TNF-alpha and IL-6. Using peripheral blood (PB) monocytes, RANTES decreased LPS-induced IL-6 transcriptionally, whereas TNF-alpha was suppressed at the posttranscriptional level. RANTES signaled through p38 MAPK, and this signaling was further enhanced by LPS stimulation in PB monocytes, resulting in the earlier and increased secretion of IL-10. Inhibition of p38 by short-interfering RNA or a chemical inhibitor, as well as neutralization of IL-10, reversed the RANTES-mediated suppression of LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF-alpha. Further, when rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid was added to PB monocytes, the neutralization of RANTES in fluid reduced the LPS-induced IL-10 and increased TNF-alpha. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that RANTES down-regulates TLR4 ligation-induced IL-6 and TNF-alpha secretion by enhancing IL-10 production in PB monocytes. These observations suggest that the therapeutic neutralization of RANTES, in addition to decreasing the trafficking of leukocytes, may have a proinflammatory effect at the site of established chronic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Shahrara
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Menrad A, Menssen HD. ED-B fibronectin as a target for antibody-based cancer treatments. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2005; 9:491-500. [PMID: 15948669 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.9.3.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of solid cancers do not discriminate between malignant and normal tissue, but rather depend on the increased proliferation of tumour cells versus benign cells. To reach therapeutically active concentrations in the tumour, large doses of these rather unspecific compounds have to be given to the patient, often resulting in severe side effects. Therefore, the goal of modern cancer research is the development of highly selective compounds which are able to discriminate between tumour tissue and normal tissue. One promising approach in this direction is antibody-mediated targeted cancer therapy which may either block an important receptor-ligand interaction or deliver a therapeutically active molecule to an otherwise nonfunctional target. A prerequisite for such an approach is the tumour-selective expression of the respective target structure. This review discusses extra domain-B fibronectin as a promising target which is associated with tumour angiogenesis and tumour growth for the development of novel antibody-mediated therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Menrad
- Department of AntiAngiogenesis Research, Schering AG, Corporate Business Area Oncology, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Brouty-Boyé D. Developmental biology of fibroblasts and neoplastic disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2005; 40:55-77. [PMID: 17153480 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-27671-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Brouty-Boyé
- INSERM U602, Institut André Lwoff, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 12 avenue Paul Vaillant-Couturier, 94807 Villejuif cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Brack SS, Dinkelborg LM, Neri D. Molecular targeting of angiogenesis for imaging and therapy. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2004; 31:1327-41. [PMID: 15300415 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-004-1648-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, i.e. the proliferation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, is an underlying process in many human diseases, including cancer, blinding ocular disorders and rheumatoid arthritis. The ability to selectively target and interfere with neovascularisation would potentially be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of angiogenesis-related diseases. This review presents the authors' views on some of the most relevant markers of angiogenesis described to date, as well as on specific ligands which have been characterised in pre-clinical animal models and/or clinical studies. Furthermore, we present an overview on technologies which are likely to have an impact on the way molecular targeting of angiogenesis is performed in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon S Brack
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|