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Benlidayi IC, Gupta L. CAse-BAsed REview sTandards (CABARET): Considerations for Authors, Reviewers, and Editors. J Korean Med Sci 2024; 39:e225. [PMID: 39106889 PMCID: PMC11301009 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The publication landscape for case reports has undergone a significant shift, with many high-impact journals deprioritizing or ceasing their publication altogether. This trend has led to the emergence of case-based reviews as an alternative to traditional case reports. Several factors drive this shift. Case-based reviews offer a more comprehensive synthesis of the literature compared to single case reports. They employ systematic search methodologies, reducing the risk of excluding relevant data, and providing robust evidence. From a publisher's perspective, case-based reviews have a greater potential for citation. While recommendations exist for writing traditional case reports, such as the CAse REports (CARE) guidelines, there is a lack of published recommendations for composing case-based reviews. This review aims to address this gap by providing guidance on drafting high-quality case-based reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilke Coskun Benlidayi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Türkiye.
| | - Latika Gupta
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Rheumatology, Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, UK
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Al-Beltagi M, Saeed NK, Bediwy AS. COVID-19 disease and autoimmune disorders: A mutual pathway. World J Methodol 2022; 12:200-223. [PMID: 36159097 PMCID: PMC9350728 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v12.i4.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a real challenge for humanity with high morbidity and mortality. Despite being primarily a respiratory illness, COVID-19 can affect nearly every human body tissue, causing many diseases. After viral infection, the immune system can recognize the viral antigens presented by the immune cells. This immune response is usually controlled and terminated once the infection is aborted. Nevertheless, in some patients, the immune reaction becomes out of control with the development of autoimmune diseases. Several human tissue antigens showed a strong response with antibodies directed against many severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) proteins, such as SARS-CoV-2 S, N, and autoimmune target proteins. The immunogenic effects of SARS-CoV-2 are due to the sizeable viral RNA molecules with interrupted transcription increasing the pool of epitopes with increased chances of molecular mimicry and interaction with the host immune system, the overlap between some viral and human peptides, the viral induced-tissue damage, and the robust and complex binding between sACE-2 and SARS-CoV-2 S protein. Consequently, COVID-19 and its vaccine may trigger the development of many autoimmune diseases in a predisposed patient. This review discusses the mutual relation between COVID-19 and autoimmune diseases, their interactive effects on each other, the role of the COVID-19 vaccine in triggering autoimmune diseases, the factors affecting the severity of COVID-19 in patients suffering from autoimmune diseases, and the different ways to minimize the risk of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Beltagi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Algharbia, Egypt
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, King Abdulla Medical City, Arabian Gulf University, Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Medical Group, Manama 26671, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Nermin Kamal Saeed
- Medical Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Kingdom of Bahrain, Manama 12, Manama, Bahrain
- Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, Irish Royal College of Surgeon, Bahrain, Busaiteen 15503, Muharraq, Bahrain
| | - Adel Salah Bediwy
- Department of Chest Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Algharbia, Egypt
- Department of Chest Disease, University Medical Center, King Abdulla Medical City, Arabian Gulf University, Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Medical Group, Manama 26671, Manama, Bahrain
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Cho K, Kang A. Home-based rehabilitation in patients over 60 with stabilized ankylosing spondylitis during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2022; 35:261-269. [PMID: 34806597 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-210153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 has become a significant healthcare issue, particularly challenging for patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), because immune-related diseases and their treatments could adversely affect the susceptibility to or severity of a viral infection. OBJECTIVE This study is conducted to present an exercise rehabilitation program that patients older than 60 years with AS can do at home during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Three Delphi surveys were conducted to reach a consensus on home-based rehabilitation programs. This study recruited ten experts and performed three Delphi rounds for a month. RESULTS The expert panel suggested that home-based rehabilitation for the patients should be carried out with a clear rehabilitation goal. Their final recommendations are to institute a program aimed to ease symptoms, such as pain and stiffness; encourage patients to consult with experts regularly to ensure that they perform exercise rehabilitation properly at home; add fast walking and stretching to the rehabilitation program; and see if indoor cycling, Pilates, or yoga could be appropriate. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that patients with AS over 60 should repeat low-intensity exercises, such as stretching, for an hour a day, four to six times a week during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghwan Cho
- Department of Health Rehabilitation, Hanshin University, Korea
| | - Austin Kang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
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Aparicio M, Guillén-Astete CA, López-Medina C, Sastre C, Rodríguez Martínez FJ. Evidence for the Use of Secukinumab in Patients with Radiographic and Non-radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis in the Last 5 Years. Rheumatol Ther 2022; 9:73-94. [PMID: 34837630 PMCID: PMC8627156 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-021-00400-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is an inflammatory rheumatic disorder that causes chronic pain, primarily in the spine and sacroiliac joints. It is characterized by the presence of type 1 major histocompatibility complex HLA-B27 genetic marker, arthritis in peripheral joints, enthesitis and/or dactylitis and extra-articular manifestations. Current guidelines recommend biological therapy when first-line therapy is not sufficiently effective. The finding that the interleukin (IL)-17 axis is vital for the pathogenesis of axSpA propelled the development of secukinumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against IL-17A. The present review provides evidence on the efficacy and safety of secukinumab in the treatment of radiographic and non-radiographic axSpA from nine randomized controlled phase III trials, as well as evidence from real-world observational analyses. The primary endpoint in six clinical trials was the proportion of patients meeting the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society criteria for either 20% or 40% improvement (ASAS20, ASAS40) at week 16. Significantly more patients achieved the primary endpoint with secukinumab compared with placebo in all the studies except MEASURE 4. Both clinical trials and real-world studies showed significant improvements in the secondary endpoints of disease activity, quality of life, and pain and fatigue relative to placebo. The benefits of secukinumab were generally sustained during longer-term (up to 5 years) treatment. Overall, secukinumab was well tolerated with a low frequency of adverse events and treatment persistence was high in the real-world setting. Although indirect comparisons suggest that secukinumab and adalimumab have comparable efficacy and safety, they are being directly compared in the ongoing SURPASS study. During the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is advisable to continue biological therapy in patients who do not have severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection, but interrupt treatment during an infection, reinitiating once the patient has recovered from the infection. In conclusion, secukinumab is a largely safe and effective treatment for radiographic and non-radiographic axSpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Aparicio
- Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Clementina López-Medina
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC) and University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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Rasker J, Bakar Siddiq M. COVID-19, Long COVID, and Psychosomatic Manifestations: A Possible Burden on Existing Rheumatology Facilities. HEART AND MIND 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/hm.hm_63_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Axial spondyloarthritis may protect against poor outcomes in COVID-19: propensity score matched analysis of 9766 patients from a nationwide multi-centric research network. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 41:721-730. [PMID: 34837569 PMCID: PMC8626282 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05979-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (ax-SpA) have not been explored in detail. Tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) are commonly used for ax-SpA patients, and how they influence outcomes may have implications on COVID-19 management. Methods A nationwide multi-centric research network was queried for patients with ax-SpA, including ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and non-radiographic SpA (nr-SpA) who had developed COVID-19. An equal number of propensity score(PS) matched controls were extracted from the database amongst patients with COVID-19 who did not have any inflammatory arthritis. Outcomes included mortality and others including hospitalization, intensive care unit, ventilation, acute kidney injury (AKI), renal replacement therapy, acute respiratory distress syndrome, cerebral infarction, venous thromboembolism (VTE), and sepsis. Results We identified 9766 patients with ax-SpA (924 AS and 8842 nr-SpA) and 691,862 without SpA who had COVID-19. In the unmatched comparison, patients with ax-SpA had higher risk ratios (RR) for all outcomes. After matching for demographics and comorbidities, patients with ax-SpA had lower RR for mortality [RR: 0.707 (95% CI: 0.598–0.836), p < 0.0001], severe COVID-19 [RR: 0.791 (0.69–0.906), p = 0.0007], hospitalization [RR: 0.872 (0.826–0.921), p < 0.0001], and AKI [RR: 0.902 (0.816–0.997), p = 0.044]. Only the risk of VTE was higher in ax-SpA patients [RR: 1.219 (1.037–1.433), p = 0.016]. Amongst the ax-SpA group, males had worse outcomes in 9 out of the 11 domains except for VTE and cerebral infarction, while blacks had worse outcomes in all except for mortality and the need for renal replacement therapy. AS had similar risk ratios for all outcomes compared with nr-SpA except hospitalization [RR: 1.457 (1.03–2.06), p = 0.0318]. There was no difference in outcomes in patients who had received TNFi in the year previous to COVID-19 infection. Ax-SpA patients who had been prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the 3 months prior to COVID-19 had poorer outcomes. Conclusion In conclusion, COVID-19 outcomes were better in patients with ax-SpA as compared with PS matched controls except for increased risk for VTE. The use of TNFi is not associated with better or worse outcomes. These apparently protective effects observed need to be validated and explored further. Key Points • Patients with axial spondyloarthritis have lower mortality and morbidity during COVID-19 infections as compared with propensity score matched controls. • Axial spondyloarthritis is associated with higher risks for venous thromboembolism during COVID-19. • There is no difference in outcomes between ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic spondyloarthritis except in rates of hospitalization, which were higher in ankylosing spondylitis. • Use of tumour necrosis factor inhibitors did not influence COVID-19 outcomes. |
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Wendling D, Verhoeven F, Chouk M, Prati C. Le SARS-CoV-2 peut-il induire une arthrite réactionnelle ? REVUE DU RHUMATISME 2021; 88:326-328. [PMID: 33824573 PMCID: PMC8017909 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhum.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wendling
- Service de rhumatologie, CHRU de Besançon, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France
- EA 4266, Pathogens and inflammation, EPILAB, université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Frank Verhoeven
- Service de rhumatologie, CHRU de Besançon, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France
- EA 4267, PEPITE, université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Mickael Chouk
- Service de rhumatologie, CHRU de Besançon, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Clément Prati
- Service de rhumatologie, CHRU de Besançon, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France
- EA 4267, PEPITE, université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
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García Palacios JD, Puente Ruiz N, Napal Lecumberri JJ, Hernández Hernández JL. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on a cohort of patients with vein occlusion. Rev Clin Esp 2021; 221:587-591. [PMID: 34565709 PMCID: PMC8450061 DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives A new coronavirus disease in humans, COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, emerged in December 2019. It has been associated with the development of thrombotic phenomena. Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is mainly a consequence of vascular risk factors (VRF). This study aimed to analyze cases of COVID-19 in a cohort of patients with RVO (Valdecilla cohort). Patients and methods Between December 2008 and December 2020, 429 patients with RVO were attended to in our clinic. Ten patients had COVID-19, one of which did not have VRF or thrombophilia. The remaining nine patients had RVO prior to the infection and VRF, six had carotid atherosclerosis, and four had antiphospholipid syndrome. The infection did not cause thrombotic phenomena in any of them. Conclusions RVO is a rare manifestation of COVID-19. In our cohort of patients with RVO, COVID-19 disease did not lead to thrombotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D García Palacios
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, Spain.
| | - N Puente Ruiz
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - J J Napal Lecumberri
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - J L Hernández Hernández
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, Spain; Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
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Attitudes of patients with a rheumatic disease on drug use in the COVID-19 pandemic. Adv Rheumatol 2021; 61:55. [PMID: 34479631 PMCID: PMC8414473 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-021-00211-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anti-rheumatic drugs can increase the predisposition to infection, and patients may be unaware of continuing their treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective This study aimed to assess whether patients maintain their treatment for rheumatic conditions during the pandemic period and determine the factors responsible for discontinuation. Methods Patients were randomly selected from the prospectively collected database of our tertiary referral center. The patients were interviewed by telephone through a standardized closed-ended questionnaire, which is targeting the continuity of the treatment plan and the considerations related to the individual choice. The patients were asked whether they hesitated to visit the hospital for follow-up or intravenous drug administration. Results A total of 278 patients completed the questionnaire. While 62 of the patients (22.3%) had reduced or interrupted the treatment, only 11 patients (3.9%) stopped the treatment completely. A significant difference was observed between the duration of illness and the discontinuation of treatment. (p = 0.023) There was a significant difference in disease activity between the group that stopped treatment and continued treatment. (p = 0.001) There was no statistically significant difference in other demographic characteristics. One hundred thirty-five patients (48.6%) made the treatment decision by themselves, and 80% continued the treatment. Reasons for stopping the treatment were anxiety (48.4%), not being able to go to the hospital for intravenous treatment (45.1%), and not being able to find the drug (6.5%). Conclusion Since patients with long-term illnesses were found to be significantly more likely to stop their treatment, this group of patients should be monitored.
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Maione F, Casillo GM, Raucci F, Salvatore C, Ambrosini G, Costa L, Scarpa R, Caso F, Bucci M. Interleukin-17A (IL-17A): A silent amplifier of COVID-19. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:111980. [PMID: 34364043 PMCID: PMC8318692 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of COVID-19 is the cytokine storm that provokes primarily pneumonia followed by systemic inflammation. Emerging evidence has identified a potential link between elevated interleukin-17A (IL-17A) levels and disease severity and progression. Considering that per se, IL-17A can activate several inflammatory pathways, it is plausible to hypothesize an involvement of this cytokine in COVID-19 clinical outcomes. Thus, IL-17A could represent a marker of disease progression and/or a target to develop therapeutic strategies. This hypothesis paper aims to propose this "unique" cytokine as a silent amplifier of the COVID-19 immune response and (potentially) related therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Maione
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Casillo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Raucci
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristian Salvatore
- New.Fa.DEm SRL, Viale Ferrovie Dello Stato, 1, 80014 Giugliano in Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Ambrosini
- New.Fa.DEm SRL, Viale Ferrovie Dello Stato, 1, 80014 Giugliano in Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Luisa Costa
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Scarpa
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Caso
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Mariarosaria Bucci
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 has caused unprecedented hardships in the 21st century with more than 150 million infections. Various immunological phenomena have been described during the course of the infection, and this infection has also triggered autoimmunity. Rheumatological illnesses have been described following resolution of the acute infection; hence we sought to conduct a review of the rheumatological complications of COVID-19. Methods We conducted a literature search for articles relating to sequelae of COVID-19 from Jan 2020 to 30th April 2021. Results We found a number of reports of inflammatory arthritis after SARS-CoV-2 infection. SLE and renal disease have been described, and vasculitis also appears to be a common complication. Rhabdomyolysis and myositis has also been reported in a number of patients. We also found some evidence of large vessel vasculitis in ‘long COVID’ patients. Conclusions This review highlights a number of important complications such as inflammatory arthritis, lupus-like disease, myostis and vasculitis following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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12
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García Palacios JD, Puente Ruiz N, Napal Lecumberri JJ, Hernández Hernández JL. [Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on a cohort of patients with vein occlusion]. Rev Clin Esp 2021; 221:587-591. [PMID: 34248175 PMCID: PMC8257408 DOI: 10.1016/j.rce.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives A new coronavirus disease in humans, COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, emerged in December 2019. It has been associated with the development of thrombotic phenomena. Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is mainly a consequence of vascular risk factors (VRF). This study aimed to analyze cases of COVID-19 in a cohort of patients with RVO (Valdecilla cohort). Patients and methods Between December 2008 and December 2020, 429 patients with RVO were attended to in our clinic. Ten patients had COVID-19, one of which did not have VRF or thrombophilia. The remaining nine patients had RVO prior to the infection and VRF, six had carotid atherosclerosis, and four had antiphospholipid syndrome. The infection did not cause thrombotic phenomena in any of them. Conclusions RVO is a rare manifestation of COVID-19. In our cohort of patients with RVO, COVID-19 disease did not lead to thrombotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D García Palacios
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, España
| | - N Puente Ruiz
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, España
| | - J J Napal Lecumberri
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, España
| | - J L Hernández Hernández
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, España.,Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Cantabria, España
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Secukinumab in severe COVID-19 pneumonia: Does it have a clinical impact? J Infect 2021; 83:e11-e13. [PMID: 34029628 PMCID: PMC8139439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Karaarslan F, Demircioğlu Güneri F, Kardeş S. Postdischarge rheumatic and musculoskeletal symptoms following hospitalization for COVID-19: prospective follow-up by phone interviews. Rheumatol Int 2021; 41:1263-1271. [PMID: 33978818 PMCID: PMC8114015 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-021-04882-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
To describe the rheumatic and musculoskeletal symptoms at hospitalization as well as their persistence/severity after discharge with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to identify whether age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and length of hospital stay are associated with persistence of these symptoms. In this single-center cohort study, comprising 300 participants, two phone interviews were conducted (2-week and 1-month after hospitalization) and symptoms were queried with a standardized form. This form included musculoskeletal symptoms and other COVID-19 symptoms. Considering all symptoms (musculoskeletal and other), 100.0%, 86.7%, and 72.0% of patients reported one or more symptoms, at hospitalization, 2-week, and 1-month, respectively. Considering only musculoskeletal symptoms, 92.3%, 72.7%, and 56.3% of patients reported any musculoskeletal symptom at hospitalization, 2-week, and 1-month, respectively. The musculoskeletal symptoms were fatigue (44.3% of patients reported), back pain (22.7%), arthralgia (22.0%), myalgia (21.0%), low back pain (16.3%), and neck pain (10.3%); the other symptoms were shortness of breath (26.3%), loss of taste (15.0%), cough (14.0%), loss of smell (12.3%), loss of appetite (10.3%), headache (8.7%), sore throat (3.0%), diarrhea (1.3%), dizziness (1.3%), and fever (0.3%) at 1-month. Increasing BMI was associated with higher odds of persistence of fatigue (OR: 1.08, 1.03 to 1.13), myalgia (OR: 1.08, 1.01 to 1.14), and arthralgia (OR: 1.07, 1.02 to 1.14, p = 0.012) at 1-month. Nearly three-quarters reported one or more symptoms, with more than half of patients reported any musculoskeletal symptom at 1 month. The most common musculoskeletal symptom was fatigue, followed by back pain, arthralgia, myalgia, low back pain, and neck pain. The persistence of fatigue, myalgia, and arthralgia was related to BMI. The study results increase our understanding of the spectrum of COVID-19, which, in turn, may lead to more efficient and better care for COVID-19 survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Karaarslan
- Department of Medical Ecology and Hydroclimatology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fulya Demircioğlu Güneri
- Department of Medical Ecology and Hydroclimatology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sinan Kardeş
- Department of Medical Ecology and Hydroclimatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Shahbazi M, Jafari M, Moulana Z, Sepidarkish M, Bagherzadeh M, Rezanejad M, Mirzakhani M, Javanian M, bayani M, Sadeghi‐Haddad‐Zavareh M, Mehdinezhad H, Ghadimi R, Ghasemzadeh M, Shokuhi Rad A, Mohammadnia‐Afrouzi M. Reduced frequency of T helper 17 and T helper 1 cells and their association with critical coronavirus disease 2019. APMIS 2021; 129:271-279. [PMID: 33792109 PMCID: PMC8250891 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is very little knowledge about the immune responses, particularly cellular immunity to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The main objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of T helper (Th) cell subtypes, including Th1, Th17, and Treg cells, in moderate-to-severe and critical COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls. Twenty-nine moderate-to-severe and 13 critical patients confirmed for COVID-19, and 15 healthy subjects were included in this study. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-producing Th1 and interleukin-17A-producing Th17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood were measured with flow cytometry. The frequency of Th1 and Th17 was significantly decreased in critical patients compared to healthy subjects (aMD: -2.76 and - 2.34) and moderate-to-severe patients (aMD: -1.89 and - 1.89), respectively (p < 0.05). Differences were not significant between moderate-to-severe patients and healthy subjects for both Th1 (p = 0.358) and Th17 (p = 0.535), respectively. In contrast, significant difference was not observed between study subjects regarding the frequency of Treg cells. Patients with critical COVID-19 had a markedly lower Th1/Treg and Th17/Treg ratios compared with the controls and moderate-to-severe cases. Our study showed a dysregulated balance of Th1 and Th17 cells and its relation to the severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Shahbazi
- Immunoregulation Research CenterHealth Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
- Department of ImmunologySchool of MedicineBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | - Mohammad Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research CenterGerash University of Medical SciencesGerashIran
| | - Zahra Moulana
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research CenterHealth Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | - Mahdi Sepidarkish
- Department of Biostatistics and EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | - Mojgan Bagherzadeh
- Immunoregulation Research CenterHealth Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
- Department of ImmunologySchool of MedicineBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | - Maryam Rezanejad
- Student Research CommitteeSchool of MedicineBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | - Mohammad Mirzakhani
- Student Research CommitteeSchool of MedicineBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | - Mostafa Javanian
- Department of Biostatistics and EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | - Masomeh bayani
- Department of Biostatistics and EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | | | - Hamed Mehdinezhad
- Department of Internal MedicineRouhani HospitalBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | - Reza Ghadimi
- Social Determinants of Health Research CenterHealth Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | | | - Ali Shokuhi Rad
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of HoustonTexasUSA
| | - Mousa Mohammadnia‐Afrouzi
- Immunoregulation Research CenterHealth Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
- Department of ImmunologySchool of MedicineBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
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16
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Kardeş S, Kuzu AS, Pakhchanian H, Raiker R, Karagülle M. Population-level interest in anti-rheumatic drugs in the COVID-19 era: insights from Google Trends. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 40:2047-2055. [PMID: 33130946 PMCID: PMC7603411 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05490-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE The general public may utilize online information through search engines for implications and risks of some anti-rheumatic drugs. These drugs have been used in the management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and associated inflammatory sequelae or cytokine storm of infection. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the population-level interest in anti-rheumatic drugs during the COVID-19 era, by analyzing changes in Google search frequency data. METHOD To obtain the relative search volume (RSV) of anti-rheumatic drugs, we queried Google Trends for 78 search terms representing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), glucocorticoids, antigout agents, conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), immunosuppressants, biologics, and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors within the USA. Three 8-week periods in 2020 (March 15-May 9), (May 10-July 4), and (July 5-August 29) representing the initial- and short-term periods were compared to overlapping periods of the preceding 3 years (2017-2019). RESULTS We found statistically significant increases in RSV for colchicine, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab (and its brand name-Actemra), and anakinra, and statistically significant decreases among brand names of immunosuppressive agents (i.e., mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, tacrolimus, cyclosporine) during both the initial- and short-term COVID-19 periods as compared to overlapping periods of the preceding 3 years. CONCLUSION There were significant increases in RSV of colchicine, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab, and anakinra during both initial- and short-term COVID-19 periods when compared to overlapping periods of the preceding 3 years reflecting a heightened level of information-seeking on these drugs during the pandemic. Rheumatologists should address this increase in informational demand. Further research assessing medium- and long-term interest in anti-rheumatic drugs is required to increase our knowledge on this new pandemic. Key Points •This study was aimed to investigate the population-level interest in anti-rheumatic drugs in the COVID-19 era, by analyzing changes in Google search frequency data. •Significant increases were seen in relative searches for colchicine, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab, and anakinra during both initial and short-term COVID-19 periods when compared to similar periods of 2017-2019 reflecting a heightened level of information-seeking on these drugs during the pandemic. •Rheumatologists should address this increase in informational demand for colchicine, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab, and anakinra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Kardeş
- Department of Medical Ecology and Hydroclimatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa-Fatih, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Suat Kuzu
- Department of Medical Ecology and Hydroclimatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa-Fatih, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Haig Pakhchanian
- George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Science, Washington, DC USA
| | - Rahul Raiker
- West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV USA
| | - Mine Karagülle
- Department of Medical Ecology and Hydroclimatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa-Fatih, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
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17
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Li J, Liu HH, Yin XD, Li CC, Wang J. COVID-19 illness and autoimmune diseases: recent insights. Inflamm Res 2021; 70:407-428. [PMID: 33640999 PMCID: PMC7914392 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-021-01446-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this review is to explore whether patients with autoimmune diseases (AIDs) were at high risk of infection during the COVID-19 epidemic and how severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic affected immune system. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using the foreign databases (NCBI, web of science, EBSCO, ELSEVIER ScienceDirect) and Chinese databases (WanFang, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), VIP, CBM) to locate all relevant publications (up to January 10, 2021). The search strategies used Medical Search Headings (MeSH) headings and keywords for "COVID-19" or "SARS-CoV-2" or "coronavirus" and "autoimmune disease". RESULTS This review evaluates the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on the immune system through ACE-2 receptor binding as the main pathway for cell attachment and invasion. It is speculated that SARS-COV-2 infection can activate lymphocytes and inflammatory response, which may play a role in the clinical onset of AIDs and also patients were treated with immunomodulatory drugs during COVID-19 outbreak. Preliminary studies suggested that the risk of developing severe forms of COVID-19 in patients with AIDs treated with immunomodulators or biologics might not increase. A large number of samples are needed for further verification, leading to an excessive immune response to external stimuli. CONCLUSION The relationship between autoimmune diseases and SARS-CoV-2 infection is complex. During the COVID-19 epidemic, individualized interventions for AIDs should be provided such as Internet-based service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- Medical Data Processing Center of School of Public Health of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hong-Hui Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- Medical Data Processing Center of School of Public Health of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Yin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- Medical Data Processing Center of School of Public Health of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- Medical Data Processing Center of School of Public Health of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
- Medical Data Processing Center of School of Public Health of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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18
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Güder S, Güder H. The course of COVID-19 infection and prolonged sneezing and nasal congestion in a patient using ixekizumab. Dermatol Ther 2021; 34:e14894. [PMID: 33599042 PMCID: PMC7995103 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Semih Güder
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüsna Güder
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Maltepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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19
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Kardeş S, Kuzu AS, Raiker R, Pakhchanian H, Karagülle M. Public interest in rheumatic diseases and rheumatologist in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from Google Trends. Rheumatol Int 2021; 41:329-334. [PMID: 33070255 PMCID: PMC7568841 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-020-04728-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the public interest in rheumatic diseases during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Google Trends was queried to analyze search trends in the United States for numerous rheumatic diseases and also the interest in a rheumatologist. Three 8-week periods in 2020 ((March 15-May 9), (May 10-July 4), and (July 5-August 29)) were compared to similar periods of the prior 4 years (2016-2019). Compared to a similar time period between 2016 and 2019, a significant decrease was found in the relative search volume for more than half of the search terms during the initial March 15-May 9, 2020 period. However, this trend appeared to reverse during the July 5-August 29, 2020 period where the relative volume for nearly half of the search terms were not statistically significant compared to similar periods of the prior 4 years. In addition, this period showed a significant increase in relative volume for the terms: Axial spondyloarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome, scleroderma, Kawasaki disease, Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis, and rheumatologist. There was a significant decrease in relative search volume for many rheumatic diseases between March 15 and May 9, 2020 when compared to similar periods during the prior 4 years. However, the trends reversed after the initial period ended. There was an increase in relative search for the term "rheumatologist" between July and August 2020 suggesting the need for rheumatologists during the COVID-19 pandemic. Policymakers and healthcare providers should address the informational demands on rheumatic diseases and needs for rheumatologists by the general public during pandemics like COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Kardeş
- Department of Medical Ecology and Hydroclimatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa-Fatih, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Suat Kuzu
- Department of Medical Ecology and Hydroclimatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa-Fatih, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rahul Raiker
- West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV USA
| | - Haig Pakhchanian
- George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Science, Washington, DC USA
| | - Mine Karagülle
- Department of Medical Ecology and Hydroclimatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa-Fatih, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
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20
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Ahmed S, Gasparyan AY, Zimba O. Comorbidities in rheumatic diseases need special consideration during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rheumatol Int 2021; 41:243-256. [PMID: 33388969 PMCID: PMC7778868 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-020-04764-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Comorbidities in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) not only increase morbidity and mortality but also confound disease activity, limit drug usage and increase chances of severe infections or drug-associated adverse effects. Most RMDs lead to accelerated atherosclerosis and variable manifestations of the metabolic syndrome. Literature on COVID-19 in patients with RMDs, and the effects of various comorbidities on COVID-19 was reviewed. The initial data of COVID-19 infections in RMDs have not shown an increased risk for severe disease or the use of different immunosuppression. However, there are some emerging data that patients with RMDs and comorbidities may fare worse. Various meta-analyses have reiterated that pre-existing hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, heart failure, lung disease or obesity predispose to increased COVID-19 mortality. All these comorbidities are commonly encountered in the various RMDs. Presence of comorbidities in RMDs pose a greater risk than the RMDs themselves. A risk score based on comorbidities in RMDs should be developed to predict severe COVID-19 and death. Additionally, there should be active management of such comorbidities to mitigate these risks. The pandemic must draw our attention towards, and not away from, comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakir Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India.
| | - Armen Yuri Gasparyan
- Departments of Rheumatology and Research and Development, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust (Teaching Trust of the University of Birmingham, UK), Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, West Midlands, UK
| | - Olena Zimba
- Department of Internal Medicine No. 2, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
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21
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Mugheddu C, Sanna S, Atzori L, Rongioletti F. Safety of secukinumab treatment in COVID-19 affected psoriatic patients. Dermatol Ther 2021; 34:e14710. [PMID: 33368887 PMCID: PMC7883240 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mugheddu
- Dermatology Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences and Public HealthUniversity of CagliariCagliariItaly
| | - Silvia Sanna
- Dermatology Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences and Public HealthUniversity of CagliariCagliariItaly
| | - Laura Atzori
- Dermatology Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences and Public HealthUniversity of CagliariCagliariItaly
| | - Franco Rongioletti
- Dermatology Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences and Public HealthUniversity of CagliariCagliariItaly
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22
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Wendling D, Verhoeven F, Chouk M, Prati C. Can SARS-CoV-2 trigger reactive arthritis? Joint Bone Spine 2020; 88:105086. [PMID: 33127461 PMCID: PMC7590820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2020.105086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wendling
- Service de rhumatologie, CHRU de Besançon, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France; EA 4266, Pathogens and inflammation, EPILAB, université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
| | - Frank Verhoeven
- Service de rhumatologie, CHRU de Besançon, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France; EA 4267, PEPITE, université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Mickael Chouk
- Service de rhumatologie, CHRU de Besançon, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Clément Prati
- Service de rhumatologie, CHRU de Besançon, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France; EA 4267, PEPITE, université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
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