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Orazov A, Yermagambetova M, Myrzagaliyeva A, Mukhitdinov N, Tustubayeva S, Turuspekov Y, Almerekova S. Plant height variation and genetic diversity between Prunus ledebouriana (Schlecht.) YY Yao and Prunus tenella Batsch based on using SSR markers in East Kazakhstan. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16735. [PMID: 38223754 PMCID: PMC10788089 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic differences between isolated endemic populations of plant species and those with widely known twin species are relevant for conserving the biological diversity of our planet's flora. Prunus ledebouriana (Schlecht.) YY Yao is an endangered and endemic species of shrub almond from central Asia. Few studies have explored this species, which is closely related and morphologically similar to the well-known Prunus tenella Batsch. In this article, we present a comparative analysis of studies of three P. ledebouriana populations and one close population of P. tenella in Eastern Kazakhstan in order to determine the particular geographic mutual replacement of the two species. Methods The populations were collected from different ecological niches, including one steppe population near Ust-Kamenogorsk (P. tenella) and three populations (P. ledebouriana) in the mountainous area. Estimation of plant height using a t-test suggested a statistically significant difference between the populations and the two species (P < 0.0001). DNA simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were applied to study the two species' genetic diversity and population structure. Results A total of 19 polymorphic SSR loci were analyzed, and the results showed that the population collected in mountainous areas had a lower variation level than steppe populations. The highest level of Nei's genetic diversity index was demonstrated in the 4-UK population (0.622) of P. tenella. The lowest was recorded in population 3-KA (0.461) of P. ledebouriana, collected at the highest altitude of the four populations (2,086 meters above sea level). The total genetic variation of P. ledebouriana was distributed 73% within populations and 27% between populations. STRUCTURE results showed that two morphologically similar species diverged starting at step K = 3, with limited population mixing. The results confirmed the morphological and genetic differences between P. tenella and P. ledebouriana and described the level of genetic variation for P. ledebouriana. The study's results proved that the steppe zone and mountain altitude factor between P. tenella and isolated mountain samples of P. ledebouriana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidyn Orazov
- School of Natural Sciences, Astana International University, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Moldir Yermagambetova
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Anar Myrzagaliyeva
- School of Natural Sciences, Astana International University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Nashtay Mukhitdinov
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Shynar Tustubayeva
- School of Natural Sciences, Astana International University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Yerlan Turuspekov
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Shyryn Almerekova
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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Abdulrahman SS, Daştan SD, Shahbaz SE, Selamoglu Z. Phylogenetic Analysis of Prunus Genus Using Nuclear and Chloroplast Gene Markers as a Bioorganic Structure Profiling. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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Mamdouh D, Mahgoub HAM, Gabr AMM, Ewais EA, Smetanska I. Genetic Stability, Phenolic, Flavonoid, Ferulic Acid Contents, and Antioxidant Activity of Micropropagated Lycium schweinfurthii Plants. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102089. [PMID: 34685900 PMCID: PMC8540154 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lycium schweinfurthii is a Mediterranean wild shrub rich in plant secondary metabolites. In vitro propagation of this plant may support the production of valuable dietary supplements for humanity, introduction of it to the world market, and opportunities for further studies. The presented study aimed to introduce an efficient and reproducible protocol for in vitro micropropagation of L. schweinfurthii and assess the genetic stability of micropropagated plants (MiPs) as well as to estimate phenolic, flavonoid, ferulic acid contents, and the antioxidant activity in leaves of micropropagated plants. Two DNA-based techniques, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR), and one biochemical technique, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), were used to assess the genetic stability in MiPs. Spectrophotometric analysis was performed to estimate total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of MiPs leaves, while ferulic acid content was estimated using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). Sufficient shoot proliferation was achieved at MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium supplemented with 0.4 mg L-1 kinetin and rooted successfully on half-strength MS medium fortified with 0.4 mg L-1 Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The Jaccard's similarity coefficients detected in MiPs reached 52%, 55%, and 82% in the RAPD, ISSR, and SDS-PAGE analyses, respectively. In the dried leaves of MiPs, the phenolic, flavonoid, and ferulic acid contents of 11.53 mg gallic acid equivalent, 12.99 mg catechin equivalent, and 45.52 mg were estimated per gram, respectively. However, an IC50 of 0.43, and 1.99 mg mL-1 of MiP dried leaves' methanolic extract was required to scavenge half of the DPPH, and ABTS free radicals, respectively. The study presented a successful protocol for in vitro propagation of a valued promising plant source of phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diaa Mamdouh
- Department of Plant Food Processing, Agricultural Faculty, University of Applied Sciences Weihensteph-an-Triesdorf, Markgrafenstr 16, 91746 Weidenbach, Germany
- Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (H.A.M.M.); (E.A.E.)
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (I.S.)
| | - Hany A. M. Mahgoub
- Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (H.A.M.M.); (E.A.E.)
| | - Ahmed M. M. Gabr
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | - Emad A. Ewais
- Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (H.A.M.M.); (E.A.E.)
| | - Iryna Smetanska
- Department of Plant Food Processing, Agricultural Faculty, University of Applied Sciences Weihensteph-an-Triesdorf, Markgrafenstr 16, 91746 Weidenbach, Germany
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (I.S.)
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Salvo A, Rotondo A, Mangano V, Grimaldi M, Stillitano I, D'Ursi AM, Dugo G, Rastrelli L. High-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HR-MAS-NMR) as quick and direct insight of almonds. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:71-77. [PMID: 30789029 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1576043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Almonds are the tasty seeds of Prunus dulcis plants globally appreciated for the pleasant palatability and remarkable nutritional value, therefore it is very spread as snack and as basic ingredient of the confectionery products. The HR-MAS-NMR is a simple spectroscopy able to directly and quickly explore the chemical composition of powdered seed samples dispersed in D2O. 1H spectra witness the remarkable presence of triglyceride fatty esters together with sucrose; other minor water soluble metabolites are also detectable. This very rough approach is effectively providing chemical profiles featuring almond samples. In this analysis we were able to statistically distinguish the "Avola" almonds from other marketed products submitted to the same analysis. This is just a first investigation based on the main compounds but it might pave the way toward the quantitative evaluation of many other compounds in the almond therefore implementing the HR-MAS-NMR knowledge of these precious seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Salvo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Science4Life, Spin Off Company, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Archimede Rotondo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Valentina Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Manuela Grimaldi
- Department of Pharmacy DIFARMA, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.,Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Stillitano
- Department of Pharmacy DIFARMA, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Anna Maria D'Ursi
- Department of Pharmacy DIFARMA, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giacomo Dugo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Science4Life, Spin Off Company, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luca Rastrelli
- Department of Pharmacy DIFARMA, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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Implication of ITS phylogeny for biogeographic analysis, and comparative study of morphological and molecular interspecies diversity in Indian Impatiens. Meta Gene 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Assessment of the genetic diversity and genetic relationships of Lilium in China using ISSR markers. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2014.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yıldırım H, Akdemir H, Süzerer V, Ozden Y, Onay A. In VitroMicrografting of the Almond Cultivars “Texas”, “Ferrastar” and “Nonpareil”. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.5504/bbeq.2012.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Jing Z, Cheng J, Guo C, Wang X. Seed traits, nutrient elements and assessment of genetic diversity for almond (Amygdalus spp.) endangered to China as revealed using SRAP markers. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2013.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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10
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Abdel-Hameed UK, El-Magly UI, Ishak IF, Tantawy ME. A contribution to the specification of Caesalpinioideae (L) based on morphological and molecular criteria. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kumchai J, Wei YC, Lee CY, Chen FC, Chin SW. Production of interspecific hybrids between commercial cultivars of the eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and its wild relative S. torvum. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2013; 12:755-64. [PMID: 23546959 DOI: 10.4238/2013.march.13.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Interspecific hybrids between cultivars of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and its wild relative S. torvum, which has disease resistance and desirable traits for crop improvement, were obtained by cross-hybridization and embryo rescue. Twenty-one hybrid progenies were obtained and examined based on morphological traits, RAPD and ISSR markers. Five of them were confirmed to be true interspecific hybrids. Eighteen and 14 bands from 7 RAPD and 14 ISSR primers, respectively, were polymorphic and present in all five hybrid seedlings and their parents. The morphological characteristics of leaf margin, inflorescence type and spine positions of the five seedlings were intermediate to the parents. These interspecific hybrids had low pollen viability, probably due to abnormal meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kumchai
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
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Bhatti IA, Iqbal M, Anwar F, Shahid SA, Shahid M. Quality characteristics and microbiological safety evaluation of oils extracted from gamma irradiated almond ( Prunus dulcis Mill.) seeds. GRASAS Y ACEITES 2013. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.071512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Barreira JCM, Casal S, Ferreira ICFR, Peres AM, Pereira JA, Oliveira MBPP. Supervised chemical pattern recognition in almond ( Prunus dulcis ) Portuguese PDO cultivars: PCA- and LDA-based triennial study. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:9697-9704. [PMID: 22954238 DOI: 10.1021/jf301402t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Almonds harvested in three years in Trás-os-Montes (Portugal) were characterized to find differences among Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) Amêndoa Douro and commercial non-PDO cultivars. Nutritional parameters, fiber (neutral and acid detergent fibers, acid detergent lignin, and cellulose), fatty acids, triacylglycerols (TAG), and tocopherols were evaluated. Fat was the major component, followed by carbohydrates, protein, and moisture. Fatty acids were mostly detected as monounsaturated and polyunsaturated forms, with relevance of oleic and linoleic acids. Accordingly, 1,2,3-trioleoylglycerol and 1,2-dioleoyl-3-linoleoylglycerol were the major TAG. α-Tocopherol was the leading tocopherol. To verify statistical differences among PDO and non-PDO cultivars independent of the harvest year, data were analyzed through an analysis of variance, a principal component analysis, and a linear discriminant analysis (LDA). These differences identified classification parameters, providing an important tool for authenticity purposes. The best results were achieved with TAG analysis coupled with LDA, which proved its effectiveness to discriminate almond cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- João C M Barreira
- CIMO-ESAB, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança , Campus de Santa Apolónia, Apartado 1172, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal
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Barros PM, Gonçalves N, Saibo NJM, Oliveira MM. Functional characterization of two almond C-repeat-binding factors involved in cold response. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 32:1113-28. [PMID: 22832014 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tps067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature plays a crucial role in seasonal development of woody plants and may directly impact crop production, more particularly in temperate fruit trees. Given its high genetic variability and adaptability to different climatic conditions, almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.) is an interesting model to understand the mechanisms regulating low temperature sensing in fruit trees. In this paper, we report the cloning and characterization of two genes (PdCBF1 and PdCBF2) belonging to the C-repeat-binding factor (CBF) family of transcription factors. Southern blotting analysis showed that this family is composed of at least five members. In almond shoots propagated in vitro, transcription of these genes was rapidly induced by low temperature, suggesting an involvement in cold acclimation. Transactivation assays showed that PdCBF1 and PdCBF2 could bind to dehydration responsive element/C-repeat containing sequences, as activators of gene expression. In addition, induction of both PdCBFs by cold was higher towards the end of the day, which agreed with the expression pattern of PdDehydrin1, a predicted CBF target gene. Furthermore, PdCBF1 and PdCBF2 were also transiently induced by abscisic acid and drought treatments. Considering the bin mapping analysis that correlated PdCBFs and PdDHN1 (respectively in linkage groups 5 and 7) with two different quantitative trait locicontrolling blooming time, it is relevant to perform further association studies that may validate their effect on this trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M Barros
- Genomics of Plant Stress Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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Phong DT, Hien VTT, Thanh TTV, Tang DV. Comparison of RAPD and ISSR markers for assessment of genetic diversity among endangered rare Dalbergia oliveri (Fabaceae) genotypes in Vietnam. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2011; 10:2382-93. [PMID: 22002131 DOI: 10.4238/2011.october.6.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Dalbergia oliveri is a leguminous tree of the Fabaceae family. This species is popular and valuable in Vietnam and is currently listed on the Vietnam Red List and on the IUCN Red List as endangered. Two PCR techniques using RAPD and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to make a comparative analysis of genetic diversity in this species. Fifty-six polymorphic primers (29 RAPD and 27 ISSR) were used. The RAPD primers produced 63 bands across 35 genotypes, of which 24 were polymorphic. The number of amplified bands varied from one to four, with a size range from 250 to 1400 bp. The percentage polymorphism ranged from 0 to 75. Amplification of genomic DNA of the 35 genotypes, using ISSR analysis, yielded 104 fragments, of which 63 were polymorphic. The number of amplified fragments using ISSR primers ranged from one to nine and varied in size from 250 to 1500 bp. The percentage polymorphism ranged from 0 to 100. ISSR markers were relatively more efficient than RAPDs. The mental test between two Jaccard's similarity matrices gave r ≥0.802, showing good fit correlation between ISSRs and RAPDs. Clustering of isolates remained more or less the same for RAPDs compared to combined RAPD and ISSR data. The similarity coefficient ranged from 0.785 to 1.000, 0.698 to 0.956 and 0.752 to 0.964 with RAPD, ISSR, and the combined RAPD-ISSR dendrogram, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Phong
- Department of Experimental Taxonomy and Genetic Diversity, Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy for Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Gouta H, Ksia E, Buhner T, Moreno MA, Zarrouk M, Mliki A, Gogorcena Y. Assessment of genetic diversity and relatedness among Tunisian almond germplasm using SSR markers. Hereditas 2010; 147:283-92. [PMID: 21166798 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2009.02147.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic diversity of 50 Tunisian almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.) genotypes and their relationships to European and American cultivars were studied. In total 82 genotypes were analyzed using ten genomic SSRs. A total of 159 alleles were scored and their sizes ranged from 116 to 227 bp. The number of alleles per locus varied from 12 to 23 with an average of 15.9 alleles per locus. Mean expected and observed heterozygosities were 0.86 and 0.68, respectively. The total value for the probability of identity was 4 × 10(-13) . All SSRs were polymorphic and they were able all together to distinguish unambiguously the 82 genotypes. The Dice similarity coefficient was calculated for all pair wise and was used to construct an UPGMA dendrogram. The results demonstrated that the genetic diversity within local almond cultivars was important, with clear geographic divergence between the northern and the southern Tunisian cultivars. The usefulness of SSR markers for almond fingerprinting, detection of synonyms and homonyms and evaluation of the genetic diversity in the Tunisian almond germplasm was also discussed. The results confirm the potential value of genetic diversity preservation for future breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Gouta
- Unité des Ressources génétiques et de l'Amélioration de l'Olivier, de l'Amandier et du Pistachier, Institut de l'Olivier, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Barreira JCM, Ferreira ICFR, Oliveira MBPP, Pereira JA. Antioxidant potential of chestnut (Castanea sativa L.) and almond (Prunus dulcis L.) by-products. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2010; 16:209-16. [PMID: 21339136 DOI: 10.1177/1082013209353983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant properties of almond green husks (Cvs. Duro Italiano, Ferraduel, Ferranhês, Ferrastar and Orelha de Mula), chestnut skins and chestnut leaves (Cvs. Aveleira, Boa Ventura, Judia and Longal) were evaluated through several chemical and biochemical assays in order to provide a novel strategy to stimulate the application of waste products as new suppliers of useful bioactive compounds, namely antioxidants. All the assayed by-products revealed good antioxidant properties, with very low EC(50) values (lower than 380 μg/mL), particularly for lipid peroxidation inhibition (lower than 140 μg/mL). The total phenols and flavonoids contents were also determined. The correlation between these bioactive compounds and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, reducing power, inhibition of β-carotene bleaching and inhibition of lipid peroxidation in pig brain tissue through formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, was also obtained. Although, all the assayed by-products proved to have a high potential of application in new antioxidants formulations, chestnut skins and leaves demonstrated better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C M Barreira
- CIMO/Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal
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Oliveira EC, Amaral Júnior AT, Gonçalves LSA, Pena GF, Freitas Júnior SP, Ribeiro RM, Pereira MG. Optimizing the efficiency of the touchdown technique for detecting inter-simple sequence repeat markers in corn (Zea mays). GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2010; 9:835-42. [PMID: 20449816 DOI: 10.4238/vol9-2gmr767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the efficiency of the touchdown method to determine the ideal PCR conditions for distinct inter-simple sequence repeat primers for processing DNA from common corn, popcorn, sweet corn, and a Tripsacum-maize hybrid. Genomic DNA was extracted from eight accessions of corn: two of the dent type, one Tripsacum-maize hybrid, one sweet corn, one flint-type corn, and three popcorn. Fifteen inter-simple sequence repeat primers were used: (CT)(8)RC, (CT)(8)TG, (GA)(8)T, (GA)(8)YC, (CTC)(5)RC, (GTC)(6), (GA)(6)CC, (GT)(6)CC, (CAC)(3)GC, (AG)(8)YT, (AC)(8)T, (AC)(8)YG, (CT)(8)RG, (GGAT)(3)GA, and (GAA)(6)AA. The annealing temperature and the melting temperature for each primer were estimated using a formula for RW Genes products, or we used the temperatures indicated by the manufacturer (Invitrogen). The touchdown method was then applied to each primer, varying the number of final cycles (10 or 12) and the decrease in temperature (0.5 degrees or 1.0 degrees C intervals). The gels were compared, considering the revelation quality, band sharpness and the number of bands visualized. The touchdown-PCR method was more efficient for band amplification for most of the primers, especially at higher annealing temperatures. This type of system is useful for reducing the resources, time and effort needed for optimizing temperature conditions for a group of representative primers.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
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Esfahlan AJ, Jamei R, Esfahlan RJ. The importance of almond (Prunus amygdalus L.) and its by-products. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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BARREIRA JOÃC, FERREIRA ISABELC, OLIVEIRA MBEATRIZP, PEREIRA JOSÃA. EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PHENOLS EXTRACTION CONDITIONS ON ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ALMOND (PRUNUS DULCIS) FRUITS. J Food Biochem 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2009.00249.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Song Z, Li X, Wang H, Wang J. Genetic diversity and population structure of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge in China revealed by ISSR and SRAP. Genetica 2009; 138:241-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10709-009-9416-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds of ten Portuguese regional and commercial almond cultivars. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:2230-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2007] [Revised: 01/31/2008] [Accepted: 02/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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He L, Wang S, Miao X, Wu H, Huang Y. Identification of necrophagous fly species using ISSR and SCAR markers. Forensic Sci Int 2006; 168:148-53. [PMID: 16949234 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2005] [Revised: 10/27/2005] [Accepted: 07/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Necrophagous fly is the most common insect evidence collected during a death investigation. We analyzed the DNA polymorphism among the five forensically important fly species, namely, Lucilia sericata, Aldrichina grahami, Chrysomya megacephala, Parasarcophaga crassipalpis and Musca domestica using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) method. Nine ISSR primers selected from 18 primers could amplify 105 clear and stable bands, of which 95 bands were polymorphic. Some primers produced completely different band pattern in different species, indicating that they can be used to identify these species. Aiming at obtaining more reliable markers that might be universally used, we started an effort to convert species-specific ISSR fragments into the sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers that can be used for the molecular diagnosis of the five species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin He
- Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China
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Xu Y, Ma RC, Xie H, Liu JT, Cao MQ. Development of SSR markers for the phylogenetic analysis of almond trees from China and the Mediterranean region. Genome 2005; 47:1091-104. [PMID: 15644967 DOI: 10.1139/g04-058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Expressed sequence tag (EST) derived simple sequence repeats (SSRs, microsatellites) were screened and identified from 3863 almond and 10 185 peach EST sequences, and the spectra of SSRs in the non-redundant EST sequences were investigated after sequence assembly. One hundred seventy-eight (12.07%) almond SSRs and 497 (9.97%) peach SSRs were detected. The EST-SSR occurs every 4.97 kb in almond ESTs and 6.57 kb in peach, and SSRs with di- and trinucleotide repeat motifs are the most abundant in both almond and peach ESTs. Twenty one EST-SSRs were thereafter, developed and used together with 7 genomic SSRs, to study the genetic relationship among 36 almond (P. communis Fritsch.) cultivars from China and the Mediterranean area, as well as 8 accessions of other related species from the genus Prunus. Both EST-derived and genomic SSR markers showed high cross-species transferability in the genus. Out of the 112 polymorphic alleles detected in the 36 cultivated almonds, 28 are specific to Chinese cultivars and 25 to the others. The 44 accessions were clustered into 4 groups in the phylogenetic tree and the 36 almond cultivars formed two distinct subgroups, one containing only Chinese cultivars and one of unknown origin and the other only those originating from the Mediterranean area, indicating that Chinese almond cultivars have a distinct evolutionary history from the Mediterranean almond. Our preliminary results indicated that common almond was more closely related to peach (P. persica (L.) Batsch.) than to the four wild species of almond, (P. mongolica Maxim., P. ledebouriana Schleche, P. tangutica Batal., and P. triloba Lindl.). The implications of these SSR markers for evolutionary analysis and molecular mapping of Prunus species are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Ban-Jing., Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100089, China
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Pharmawati M, Yan G, Finnegan PM. Molecular variation and fingerprinting of Leucadendron cultivars (Proteaceae) by ISSR markers. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2005; 95:1163-70. [PMID: 15790586 PMCID: PMC4246899 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mci127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2004] [Revised: 11/22/2004] [Accepted: 02/09/2005] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There are more than 80 species of Leucadendron and most are used as cut flowers. Currently, more than 100 cultivars are used by industry and many of them are interspecific hybrids. The origin of most cultivars is unclear and their genetic diversity and relationships have not been studied. This investigation was carried out to evaluate the genetic variation and relationships among 30 Leucadendron cultivars. METHODS ISSR markers were applied to determine the genetic variation and to discriminate Leucadendron cultivars. Sixty-four ISSR primers were screened and 25 primers were selected for their ability to produce clear and reproducible patterns of multiple bands. KEY RESULTS A total of 584 bands of 305-2400 bp were amplified, of which 97 % were polymorphic. A dendrogram generated using the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average based on a distance measure of total character difference showed that the Leucadendron cultivars clustered into two main groups. Twenty-four of the 30 cultivars can be unequivocally differentiated, but identical profiles were observed for three cultivar pairs, 'Katie's Blush' and 'Silvan Red', 'Highlights' and 'Maui Sunset', and 'Yellow Crest' and 'Yellow Devil'. CONCLUSIONS ISSR profiling is a powerful method for the identification and molecular classification of Leucadendron cultivars. A fingerprinting key was generated based on the banding patterns produced using two ISSR primers (UBC856 and UBC857). In addition cultivar-specific ISSR bands were obtained for 17 of the 30 Leucadendron cultivars tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Made Pharmawati
- School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009 WA, Australia.
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Martins M, Sarmento D, Oliveira MM. Genetic stability of micropropagated almond plantlets, as assessed by RAPD and ISSR markers. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2004; 23:492-6. [PMID: 15372197 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-004-0870-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2004] [Revised: 07/29/2004] [Accepted: 07/31/2004] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Almond shoots produced by axillary branching from clone VII derived from a seedling of cultivar Boa Casta were evaluated for somaclonal variation using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) analysis. To verify genetic stability we compared RAPD and ISSR patterns of plantlets obtained after 4 and 6 years of in vitro multiplication. A total of 64 RAPD and 10 ISSR primers gave 326 distinct and reproducible band classes, monomorphic across all 22 plantlets analysed. Thus, a total of 7,172 bands were generated, exhibiting homogeneous RAPD and ISSR patterns for the plantlets tested. These results suggest that the culture conditions used for axillary branching proliferation are appropriate for clonal propagation of almond clone VII, as they do not seem to interfere with the integrity of the regenerated plantlets. These results allowed us to establish the use of axillary branching plantlets (mother-plants) as internal controls for the analysis of somaclonal variation of shoots regenerated from other in vitro culture processes performed with clone VII (adventitious regeneration, regeneration from meristem culture, virus sanitation programs and genetic engineering).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martins
- IBET/ITQB, Quinta do Marquês, 2784-505, Oeiras, Portugal
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