1
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Liu X, Han Y, Luo L, Pan H, Cheng T, Zhang Q. Multiomics analysis reveals the mechanisms underlying the different floral colors and fragrances of Rosa hybrida cultivars. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 195:101-113. [PMID: 36621304 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The color and fragrance of rose flowers affect their commercial value. However, several rose varieties with new floral colors developed by the bud mutation method lost their fragrance during the breeding process, raising the question: Is there a relationship between floral color and aroma traits? Rose cultivar 'Yellow Island' (YI) with intensely aroma and yellow petals, while its bud mutant 'Past Feeling' (PF) with light aroma and pink petals mixing some yellow, two cultivars were used to explore this question using multiomics approaches. We investigated the genomic polymorphisms between PF and YI by whole-genome resequencing. 71 differentially abundant metabolites and 155 related differentially expressed genes identified in petals between PF and YI. From this, we constructed a model of metabolic changes affecting floral color and fragrance integrating shikimate, terpenoid, carotenoid, and green leaf volatile metabolites and predicted the associated key genes and transcription factors. This study provides a reference for understanding the molecular mechanism of variation in rose floral color and aroma traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yu Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Le Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Huitang Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tangren Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
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2
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Wang Y, Zhao H, Liu C, Cui G, Qu L, Bao M, Wang J, Chan Z, Wang Y. Integrating physiological and metabolites analysis to identify ethylene involvement in petal senescence in Tulipa gesneriana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 149:121-131. [PMID: 32062332 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Flower senescence is classified into ethylene-dependent and ethylene-independent manners and determines the flower longevity which is valuable for ornamental plants. However, the manner of petal senescence in tulip is still less defined. In this study, we characterized the physiological indexes in the process of petal senescence, as well as metabolic and ethylene responses in tulip cultivar 'American Dream', and further identified the role of ethylene biosynthesis genes TgACS by transgenic and transient assays. Primary metabolites profiling revealed that sugars, amino acids and organic acids preferentially accumulated in senescent petals. Additionally, senescence-associated genes were identified and significantly up-regulated, coupled with increased ROS contents, rapid water loss and accelerated cell membrane breakdown. Moreover, ethylene production was stimulated as evidenced by increasing in ACS activity and ethylene biosynthesis-related genes expression. Exogenous treatment of cutting flowers with 1-MCP or ethephon resulted in delayed or enhanced petal senescence, respectively. Transient down-regulation of TgACS by VIGS assay in tulip petals delayed senescence, while over-expressed TgACS1 in tobacco promoted leaf senescence. Taken together, this study provides evidences to certify ethylene roles and TgACS functions during flower senescence in tulip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangfen Cui
- Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Lianwei Qu
- Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Manzhu Bao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihua Wang
- Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Zhulong Chan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yanping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
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3
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Singh P, Singh AP, Sane AP. Differential and reciprocal regulation of ethylene pathway genes regulates petal abscission in fragrant and non-fragrant roses. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 280:330-339. [PMID: 30824012 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The fragrant rose, Rosa bourboniana, is highly sensitive to ethylene and shows rapid petal abscission (within 16-18 h) while the non-fragrant hybrid rose, R. hybrida, shows delayed abscission (50-52 h) due to reduced ethylene sensitivity. To understand the molecular basis governing these differences, all components of the ethylene pathway (biosynthesis/ receptor/signalling) were studied for expression during abscission. Transcript accumulation of most ethylene biosynthesis genes (ACS/ACO families) increased rapidly in petal abscission zones of R. bourboniana within 4-8 h of ethylene treatment. The expression of most receptor and signalling genes encoding CTRs, EIN2 and EIN3/EIL homologues also followed similar kinetics. Under natural field conditions where abscission takes longer, there was a temporal delay in transcript accumulation of most ethylene pathway genes while some biosynthesis genes (showing reduced ethylene sensitivity) were more strongly up-regulated by abscission cues. In contrast, in R. hybrida where even ethylene-induced abscission is considerably delayed, transcript accumulation of most ethylene biosynthesis and signalling genes was, surprisingly, reduced by ethylene and showed an opposite regulation compared to R. bourboniana. The results suggest that differential and reciprocal regulation of ethylene pathway is one of the major reasons for differences in petal abscission and vase-life between Rosa bourboniana and R. hybrida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Singh
- Plant Gene Expression Lab, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Amar Pal Singh
- Plant Gene Expression Lab, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Aniruddha P Sane
- Plant Gene Expression Lab, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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4
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Wan H, Yu C, Han Y, Guo X, Luo L, Pan H, Zheng T, Wang J, Cheng T, Zhang Q. Determination of Flavonoids and Carotenoids and Their Contributions to Various Colors of Rose Cultivars ( Rosa spp.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:123. [PMID: 30809238 PMCID: PMC6379320 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Rose is one of the most valuable ornamental crops worldwide. In this study, the composition of hydrophilic and lipophilic pigments in petals of six rose cultivars at seven developing stages was investigated using high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Four anthocyanins, 20 flavonols, and 10 carotenoids were detected in petals of tested cultivars. Major individual anthocyanin, flavonol, and carotenoid were cyanidin/pelargonidin 3,5-diglucoside, kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside, and (9Z)-violaxanthin, respectively. Significant differences were observed in pigments content in petals of different rose cultivars. The yellow petals of YI and GC exhibited no to very small amounts of anthocyanins, moderate amount of total flavonols, and highest content of total carotenoids. Similarly, pink petals of PF, WQ, and YX showed average concentration of total anthocyanins, highest concentration of total flavonols, and small amount of carotenoids. Further, orange petals of CH showed highest content of total anthocyanins, lowest content of total flavonols, and average content of total carotenoids. Correlation analysis demonstrated that there were many pigments influencing petal colors. Moreover, multiple linear regression indicated that pelargonidin 3,5-diglucoside, total anthocyanins and (9Z)-violaxanthin were the major factors. In addition, this study showed that orange cultivar CH, pink cultivar PF and yellow cultivar YI can have great potential as a natural source for the extraction of pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside, kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside, and (9Z)-violaxanthin, respectively. These investigations would contribute toward understanding the mechanism on the development of flower colors and provide a theoretical basis for the breeding of rose with specific color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihua Wan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuelian Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Le Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Huitang Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Tangchun Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Tangren Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qixiang Zhang,
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Wan H, Yu C, Han Y, Guo X, Ahmad S, Tang A, Wang J, Cheng T, Pan H, Zhang Q. Flavonols and Carotenoids in Yellow Petals of Rose Cultivar ( Rosa 'Sun City'): A Possible Rich Source of Bioactive Compounds. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:4171-4181. [PMID: 29618209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rose flowers have received increasing interest as rich sources of bioactive compounds. The composition of flavonols and carotenoids in yellow petals of Rosa 'Sun City' was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array and mass spectrometric detectors (HPLC-PDA-MS). In total, 19 flavonols and 16 carotenoids were identified, some of which were first discovered in rose petals. Significant changes were observed in their profiles during seven blooming stages. Total flavonol contents showed the highest levels at stage 2 (S2; 1152.29 μg/g, FW). Kaempferol 7- O-glucoside and kaempferol 3- O-rhamnoside were the predominant individual flavonols. Total carotenoid concentration was highest at S4 (142.71 μg/g, FW). Violaxanthins with different geometrical configurations appeared as the major carotenoids across all blooming stages. These results indicated that 'Sun City' petals are rich sources of flavonols and carotenoids. Moreover, it is important to choose the appropriate harvest time on the basis of the targeted compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihua Wan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing , 100083 , China
| | - Chao Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing , 100083 , China
| | - Yu Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing , 100083 , China
| | - Xuelian Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing , 100083 , China
| | - Sagheer Ahmad
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing , 100083 , China
| | - Aoying Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing , 100083 , China
| | - Jia Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing , 100083 , China
| | - Tangren Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing , 100083 , China
| | - Huitang Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing , 100083 , China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing , 100083 , China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing , 100083 , China
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6
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Shibuya K. Molecular aspects of flower senescence and strategies to improve flower longevity. BREEDING SCIENCE 2018; 68:99-108. [PMID: 29681752 PMCID: PMC5903976 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.17081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Flower longevity is one of the most important traits for ornamental plants. Ethylene plays a crucial role in flower senescence in some plant species. In several species that show ethylene-dependent flower senescence, genetic modification targeting genes for ethylene biosynthesis or signaling has improved flower longevity. Although little is known about regulatory mechanisms of petal senescence in flowers that show ethylene-independent senescence, a recent study of Japanese morning glory revealed that a NAC transcription factor, EPHEMERAL1 (EPH1), is a key regulator in ethylene-independent petal senescence. EPH1 is induced in an age-dependent manner irrespective of ethylene signal, and suppression of EPH1 expression dramatically delays petal senescence. In ethylene-dependent petal senescence, comprehensive transcriptome analyses revealed the involvement of transcription factors, a basic helix-loop-helix protein and a homeodomain-leucine zipper protein, in the transcriptional regulation of the ethylene biosynthesis enzymes. This review summarizes molecular aspects of flower senescence and discusses strategies to improve flower longevity by molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Shibuya
- Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, NARO,
2-1 Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0852,
Japan
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7
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Pei H, Ma N, Chen J, Zheng Y, Tian J, Li J, Zhang S, Fei Z, Gao J. Integrative analysis of miRNA and mRNA profiles in response to ethylene in rose petals during flower opening. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64290. [PMID: 23696879 PMCID: PMC3655976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs play an important role in plant development and plant responses to various biotic and abiotic stimuli. As one of the most important ornamental crops, rose (Rosa hybrida) possesses several specific morphological and physiological features, including recurrent flowering, highly divergent flower shapes, colors and volatiles. Ethylene plays an important role in regulating petal cell expansion during rose flower opening. Here, we report the population and expression profiles of miRNAs in rose petals during flower opening and in response to ethylene based on high throughput sequencing. We identified a total of 33 conserved miRNAs, as well as 47 putative novel miRNAs were identified from rose petals. The conserved and novel targets to those miRNAs were predicted using the rose floral transcriptome database. Expression profiling revealed that expression of 28 known (84.8% of known miRNAs) and 39 novel (83.0% of novel miRNAs) miRNAs was substantially changed in rose petals during the earlier opening period. We also found that 28 known and 22 novel miRNAs showed expression changes in response to ethylene treatment. Furthermore, we performed integrative analysis of expression profiles of miRNAs and their targets. We found that ethylene-caused expression changes of five miRNAs (miR156, miR164, miR166, miR5139 and rhy-miRC1) were inversely correlated to those of their seven target genes. These results indicate that these miRNA/target modules might be regulated by ethylene and were involved in ethylene-regulated petal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Pei
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiwei Chen
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Ji Tian
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- USDA Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Junping Gao
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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8
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Bendahmane M, Dubois A, Raymond O, Bris ML. Genetics and genomics of flower initiation and development in roses. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:847-57. [PMID: 23364936 PMCID: PMC3594942 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Roses hold high symbolic value and great cultural importance in different societies throughout human history. They are widely used as garden ornamental plants, as cut flowers, and for the production of essential oils for the perfume and cosmetic industries. Domestication of roses has a long and complex history, and the rose species have been hybridized across vast geographic areas such as Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. The domestication processes selected several flower characters affecting floral quality, such as recurrent flowering, double flowers, petal colours, and fragrance. The molecular and genetic events that determine some of these flower characters cannot be studied using model species such as Arabidopsis thaliana, or at least only in a limited manner. In this review, we comment on the recent development of genetic, genomic, and transcriptomic tools for roses, and then focus on recent advances that have helped unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying several rose floral traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Bendahmane
- Reproduction et Développement des Plantes UMR INRA-CNRS-Université Lyon 1-ENSL, IFR128 BioSciences-Gerland Lyon sud, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 allée d'Italie, Lyon Cedex 07, France.
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9
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Trivellini A, Ferrante A, Vernieri P, Serra G. Effects of abscisic acid on ethylene biosynthesis and perception in Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. flower development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2011; 62:5437-52. [PMID: 21841180 PMCID: PMC3223042 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Revised: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the complex relationship between ethylene and abscisic acid (ABA) on flower development and senescence in Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. was investigated. Ethylene biosynthetic (HrsACS and HrsACO) and receptor (HrsETR and HrsERS) genes were isolated and their expression evaluated in three different floral tissues (petals, style-stigma plus stamens, and ovaries) of detached buds and open flowers. This was achieved through treatment with 0.1 mM 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) solution, 500 nl l(-1) methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), and 0.1 mM ABA solution. Treatment with ACC and 1-MCP confirmed that flower senescence in hibiscus is ethylene dependent, and treatment with exogenous ABA suggested that ABA may play a role in this process. The 1-MCP impeded petal in-rolling and decreased ABA content in detached open flowers after 9 h. This was preceded by an earlier and sequential increase in ABA content in 1-MCP-treated petals and style-stigma plus stamens between 1 h and 6 h. ACC treatment markedly accelerated flower senescence and increased ethylene production after 6 h and 9 h, particularly in style-stigma plus stamens. Ethylene evolution was positively correlated in these floral tissues with the induction of the gene expression of ethylene biosynthetic and receptor genes. Finally, ABA negatively affected the ethylene biosynthetic pathway and tissue sensitivity in all flower tissues. Transcript abundance of HrsACS, HrsACO, HrsETR, and HrsERS was reduced by exogenous ABA treatment. This research underlines the regulatory effect of ABA on the ethylene biosynthetic and perception machinery at a physiological and molecular level when inhibitors or promoters of senescence are exogenously applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Trivellini
- Department of Crop Biology, Università degli Studi di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 24, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonio Ferrante
- Department of Plant Production, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo Vernieri
- Department of Crop Biology, Università degli Studi di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 24, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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10
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Yu Y, Wang J, Wang H, Zhang Z, Liu J. Relationship between Rh-RTH1 and ethylene receptor gene expression in response to ethylene in cut rose. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2010; 29:895-904. [PMID: 20524120 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-010-0875-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Revised: 05/01/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A cDNA clone encoding a putative RTE1-like protein (Rh-RTH1) was obtained from total RNA isolated from senescing rose (Rosa hybrida cv. Tineke) petals using RT-PCR and RACE techniques. The cDNA (1,061 bp) contained an open reading frame of 684 bp corresponding to 227 amino acids. The amino acid sequence had 60.0, 49.6, 61.2, 42.5 and 39.8% identity with that of Arabidopsis RTH, RTE1, tomato GRL2, GRL1 and GR, respectively. Northern hybridization indicated that Rh-RTH1 expression is enhanced by endogenous and exogenous ethylene and inhibited by 1-MCP in petals and gynoecia. Rh-RTH1 expression partly correlated with sites of the ethylene receptor gene Rh-ETR1 and Rh-ETR3 expression, such as the petals, gynoecia, roots, and buds. The induction of Rh-RTH1 and Rh-ETR3 expression was substantially suppressed by 1-MCP treatment, while Rh-ETR1 expression was not reduced by 1-MCP treatment. Following treatment of flowers with sucrose, the level of Rh-RTH1 and Rh-ETR3 mRNA was only slightly decreased in petals and gynoecia. Upon wounding treatment, Rh-RTH1, Rh-ETR1 and Rh-ETR3 showed a quick increase in mRNA accumulation which was positively correlated with the increase in ethylene production. The expression of Rh-RTH1 showed partial correlation with that of Rh-ETR1 and Rh-ETR3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixun Yu
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Ma N, Xue J, Li Y, Liu X, Dai F, Jia W, Luo Y, Gao J. Rh-PIP2;1, a rose aquaporin gene, is involved in ethylene-regulated petal expansion. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2008; 148:894-907. [PMID: 18715962 PMCID: PMC2556823 DOI: 10.1104/pp.108.120154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2008] [Accepted: 08/10/2008] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins are water channel proteins that facilitate the passage of water through biological membranes and play a crucial role in plant growth. We showed that ethylene treatment significantly reduced petal size, inhibited expansion of petal abaxial subepidermal cells, and decreased petal water content in rose (Rosa hybrida 'Samantha'). Here, we report the isolation of a plasma membrane aquaporin (PIP) gene, Rh-PIP2;1, and characterized its potential role in ethylene-inhibited petal expansion. Rh-PIP2;1 is mainly localized on the plasma membrane and belongs to the class 2 subfamily of PIP proteins. We show that Rh-PIP2;1 is an active water channel. The transcripts of Rh-PIP2;1 are highly abundant in petal epidermal cells, especially in the abaxial subepidermal cells. The expression of Rh-PIP2;1 is highly correlated with petal expansion and tightly down-regulated by ethylene. Furthermore, we demonstrate that in Rh-PIP2;1-silenced flowers, petal expansion was greatly inhibited and anatomical features of the petals were similar to those of ethylene-treated flowers. We argue that Rh-PIP2;1 plays an important role in petal cell expansion and that ethylene inhibits petal expansion of roses at least partially by suppressing Rh-PIP2;1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ma
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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van Schie CCN, Haring MA, Schuurink RC. Regulation of terpenoid and benzenoid production in flowers. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2006; 9:203-8. [PMID: 16458042 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2006.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2005] [Accepted: 01/20/2006] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The production and emission of fragrant molecules by flowers are strictly regulated during the floral lifespan and often peak when pollinators are active. The best-studied classes of floral volatiles are benzenoids and terpenoids. The production of these molecules appears to be primarily regulated at the level of precursor biosynthesis. The genes from the petunia floral shikimate pathway, which provides the precursors for the formation of benzenoids, have recently been shown to be regulated by a MYB transcription factor. The floral terpenoids of snapdragon appear to be derived exclusively from the methyl-erythritol-phosphate pathway in plastids. This pathway controls precursor levels for geranyl diphosphate synthase, which in turn is transcriptionally regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris C N van Schie
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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