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Pozzobon RG, Rutckeviski R, Carlotto J, Schneider VS, Cordeiro LMC, Mancarz GFF, de Souza LM, Mello RG, Smiderle FR. Chemical Evaluation of Liquidambar styraciflua L. Fruits Extracts and Their Potential as Anticancer Drugs. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28010360. [PMID: 36615553 PMCID: PMC9822488 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquidambar styraciflua L. is an aromatic species, popularly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat diarrhea, dysentery, coughs, and skin sores. The present study was designed to investigate the chemical composition and biological potential of extracts obtained from the fruits of this plant. For the chemical evaluation, it was used mainly liquid and gas chromatography, plus NMR, and colorimetric methods. The aqueous extract (EA) originated two other fractions: an aqueous (P-EA) and an ethanolic (S-EA). The three extracts were composed of proteins, phenolic compounds, and carbohydrates in different proportions. The analyses showed that the polysaccharide extract (P-EA) contained pectic polysaccharides, such as acetylated and methyl esterified homogalacturonans together with arabinogalactan, while the fraction S-EA presented phenolic acids and terpenes such as gallic acid, protocathecuic acid, liquidambaric acid, combretastatin, and atractyloside A. EA, P-EA, and S-EA showed antioxidant activity, with IC50 values of 4.64 µg/mL, 16.45 µg/mL, and 3.67 µg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxicity followed the sequence S-EA > EA > P-EA, demonstrating that the toxic compounds were separated from the non-toxic ones by ethanol precipitation. While the fraction S-EA is very toxic to any cell line, the fraction P-EA is a promising candidate for studies against cancer due to its high toxicity to tumoral cells and low toxicity to normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela G. Pozzobon
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80240-020, PR, Brazil
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80230-020, PR, Brazil
| | - Renata Rutckeviski
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80240-020, PR, Brazil
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80230-020, PR, Brazil
| | - Juliane Carlotto
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Vanessa S. Schneider
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Lucimara M. C. Cordeiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Lauro M. de Souza
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80240-020, PR, Brazil
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80230-020, PR, Brazil
| | - Rosiane Guetter Mello
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80240-020, PR, Brazil
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80230-020, PR, Brazil
| | - Fhernanda Ribeiro Smiderle
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80240-020, PR, Brazil
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80230-020, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-41-33101035
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A Method for Detecting Antioxidant Activity of Antioxidants by Utilizing Oxidative Damage of Pigment Protein. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:5522-5536. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04058-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Perea-Domínguez XP, Mendoza-Espinoza JA, Solano González JM, Leyva-Morales JB, Espinosa-Alonso LG, Valdez-Morales M. Antioxidant and anti-proliferative activity of free, conjugates and bound phenolic compounds from tomato and industrial tomato by-product. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 59:2361-2369. [PMID: 35602438 PMCID: PMC9114191 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-021-05252-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-proliferative activity of different fractions of phenolic compounds from tomato and tomato by-product. Soluble free phenolics and bound phenolics (BP) fractions from saladette tomato and industrial tomato by-product as well as, conjugated acid-hydrolysable phenolics (AHP) and alkaline-hydrolysable phenolics (AKHP) from saladette tomato, grape tomato and industrial tomato by-product, were tested. The scavenging effects of phenolic fractions on superoxide anion were determined using the PMS-NADH-NBT system. The myoglobin protection ratios of samples against hydroxyl radical were evaluated and the anti-proliferative effects in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line were determined. AHP fraction from tomato by-product and AKHP fraction from grape and saladette tomato showed the highest inhibitory capacity of the superoxide anion (p ≤ 0.05). All samples had a myoglobin protection ratio from 30 to 50%. Regarding to cytotoxicity assays, all phenolic fractions from tomato by-product, as well as, BP, AHP, AKHP from saladette tomato and AHP from grape tomato showed important anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line (IC50 < 20 μg/mL). From the results, we can conclude that tomato and tomato by-product are a good source of natural compound with important antioxidant and anti-proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiomara Patricia Perea-Domínguez
- Doctorado en Sustentabilidad y Departamento de Salud-Licenciatura en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Unidad Regional Guasave, Av Universidad S/N, Fraccionamiento Villa Universidad, C.P. 81048 Guasave, Sinaloa México
| | - José Alberto Mendoza-Espinoza
- Colegio de Ciencias y Humanidades, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Casa Libertad. Ermita Iztapalapa 4263, Lomas de Zaragoza, C.P. 09620 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jesús Martin Solano González
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Los Mochis, Blvd Juan de Dios Bátiz and 20 de Noviembre, El Parque, C.P. 81250 Los Mochis, Sinaloa México
| | - José Belisario Leyva-Morales
- Lab. Alimentos Funcionales y Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-IPN Unidad Sinaloa, Blvd Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes 250, Guasave, Sin México
| | - Laura Gabriela Espinosa-Alonso
- Lab. Alimentos Funcionales y Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-IPN Unidad Sinaloa, Blvd Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes 250, Guasave, Sin México
| | - Maribel Valdez-Morales
- Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, CONACyT-Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CIIDIR-IPN Unidad Sinaloa, Lab. Alimentos Funcionales-Área de Metabolómica Agrícola, Blvd. Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes 250, Guasave, Sinaloa México
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Huang Z, Lv Z, Dai H, Li S, Jiang J, Ye N, Zhu S, Wei Q, Shi F. Dietary mulberry-leaf flavonoids supplementation improves liver lipid metabolism and ovarian function of aged breeder hens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 106:1321-1332. [PMID: 34741341 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mulberry-leaf flavonoids (MF), extracted from mulberry leaves, exert antioxidant and hypolipidemic effects. The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the effects of dietary MF on the ovarian function and liver lipid metabolism of aged breeder hens. We used 270 (60-weeks-old) Qiling breeder hens randomly assigned in 3 treatments with supplemental dietary MF doses (0, 30, 60 mg/kg). The results showed that dietary MF significantly improved the egg-laying rate, followed by the reduced feed conversion rate (FCR) (p < 0.05). However, there is no obvious difference in hatchability and fertilised eggs hatchability among the three groups (p > 0.05). The level of T-CHO, LDL-C and AKP in serum was reduced, and the HDL-C concentrations were increased by dietary MF (p < 0.05). MF treatment also improved the antioxidant capacity and reduced the apoptotic index of the ovary (p < 0.05). Additionally, dietary MF significantly increased the serum estradiol (E2) levels (p < 0.05) and the transcription level of CYP19A1 and LHR in the ovary (p < 0.05). Dietary MF enhanced fatty acid β-oxidation in the liver via up-regulating the mRNA expressions of PPARα and CPT-I (p < 0.05). Moreover, the HMF group significantly decreased mRNA expressions of SREBP-1c (p < 0.05) and increased mRNA expressions of ERα, VTG-Ⅱ and ApoB in the liver (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary MF could improve the reproduction performance of aged breeder hens through improving ovary function and hepatic lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zengpeng Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjian Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Simeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingle Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nanwei Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanli Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Quanwei Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Gouthamchandra K, Sudeep HV, Chandrappa S, Raj A, Naveen P, Shyamaprasad K. Efficacy of a Standardized Turmeric Extract Comprised of 70% Bisdemothoxy-Curcumin (REVERC3) Against LPS-Induced Inflammation in RAW264.7 Cells and Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:859-868. [PMID: 33737826 PMCID: PMC7966389 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s291293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective It is well known that regular turmeric extract with 95% curcuminoid is comprised of curcumin (70.07%), desmethoxycurcumin (20.28%), and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) (3.63%). In the current study for the first time, we have enriched about 3% of bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) to 70% as well as named it as REVERC3 and compared anti-inflammatory activity with regular turmeric extract using in vitro and in vivo models of inflammation. Methods To reveal the potential anti-inflammatory mechanism of action, we investigated nitric oxide (NO) scavenging, xanthine oxidase, and lipoxygenase inhibitory activity, further determined the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and major inflammatory mediators like cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), inhibition in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammation in RAW macrophage cells. In the other hand, a carrageenan-stimulated inflammatory rat model was carried out. Results Our study findings exhibited a significant anti-inflammatory activity of REVERC3 together with nitric oxide (NO), xanthine oxidase, and lipoxygenase inhibition. Further, we attenuated the levels of cyclooxygenase (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) expressions in the LPS-elicited RAW macrophage cells. REVERC3 showed a potential anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting carrageenan induced paw edema after 4 hr at the dose of 100mg/kg body weight. Conclusion Thus, our findings collectively indicated that the REVERC3 could efficiently inhibit inflammation compared to regular turmeric extract. Since bisdemethoxycurcumin is a stable molecule it could be effectively used in the applications of health care and the nutraceutical industry, indeed which deserves further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuluvar Gouthamchandra
- Department of Biomedicinal Research, R&D Centre for Excellence, Vidya Herbs Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560105, India
| | - Heggar Venkataramana Sudeep
- Department of Biomedicinal Research, R&D Centre for Excellence, Vidya Herbs Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560105, India
| | - Siddappa Chandrappa
- Department of Phytochemistry, R&D Centre for Excellence, Vidya Herbs Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560105, India
| | - Amrith Raj
- Department of Biomedicinal Research, R&D Centre for Excellence, Vidya Herbs Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560105, India
| | - Puttaswamy Naveen
- Department of Analytical Development Research, R&D Centre for Excellence, Vidya Herbs Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560105, India
| | - Kodimule Shyamaprasad
- Department of Biomedicinal Research, R&D Centre for Excellence, Vidya Herbs Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560105, India
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Aoiadni N, Ayadi H, Jdidi H, Naifar M, Maalej S, Makni FA, El Feki A, Fetoui H, Koubaa FG. Flavonoid-rich fraction attenuates permethrin-induced toxicity by modulating ROS-mediated hepatic oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction ex vivo and in vivo in rat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:9290-9312. [PMID: 33136269 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study explores the antioxidant, anti-microbial, and hepatoprotective potentials of flavonoid-rich fractions from Fumaria officinalis against permethrin-induced liver damage ex vivo/in vivo in rat. However, HPLC-DAD analysis revealed the richness of 6 components in ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) where ferulic acid, rosmarinic acid, and myricetin are the most abundant. The in vitro assays showed that EAFs have impressive antioxidant and anti-microbial properties. Ex vivo, permethrin (PER) (100 μM) induced a decrease of hepatic AST and ALT activities and 25-OH vitamin D and vitamin C levels and an increase of ALP and LDH activities, TBARS, and ϒ-GT levels with a disturbance of oxidative status. The hepatoprotective effect of EAF (1 mg/mL) against PER was confirmed by the amelioration of oxidative stress profile. In vivo, permethrin was found to increase absolute and relative liver weights, plasma transaminase activities, lactate-to-pyruvate ratio, hepatic and mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation levels. This pesticide triggered a decrease of Ca2+ and Mg2+-ATPases and mitochondrial enzyme activities. The co-treatment with EAF reestablished the hepatic and mitochondrial function, which could be attributed to its richness in phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nissaf Aoiadni
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Houda Ayadi
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems, Ecology and Planktonology, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hajer Jdidi
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Manel Naifar
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, CHU Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sami Maalej
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems, Ecology and Planktonology, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hamadi Fetoui
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health.LR17ES06, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Ghorbel Koubaa
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
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Xie K, Li Y, Chen D, Yu B, Luo Y, Mao X, Huang Z, Yu J, Luo J, Zheng P, Yan H, He J. Daidzein supplementation enhances embryo survival by improving hormones, antioxidant capacity, and metabolic profiles of amniotic fluid in sows. Food Funct 2020; 11:10588-10600. [PMID: 33196069 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02472d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Daidzein (DAI) is a kind of natural isoflavonic phytoestrogen with estrogenic activity. However, little is known about its influence on early fetal growth in mammalian animals. The current study aimed to explore the characteristics of amniotic fluid exposure to dietary DAI using 1H NMR-based metabolomics and biochemical analysis. Here, we found that DAI supplementation at a dose of 200 mg kg-1 significantly enhanced the number of viable embryos at the early gestation stage (P < 0.05). DAI significantly elevated the concentrations of estrogen (E) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in the amniotic fluid (P < 0.05). Moreover, DAI tended to increase the concentration of progesterone, but decrease the concentration of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the amniotic fluid (0.05 < P < 0.10). Interestingly, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was higher in the DAI group than in the CON group (P < 0.05). An 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis identified and quantified more than 30 compounds in the amniotic fluid, and some critical metabolites such as arginine, creatine, and citrate were found to be significantly elevated upon DAI supplementation (P < 0.05). Importantly, the metabolic pathways involved in arginine and proline metabolisms were found to be significantly affected by DAI. Collectively, dietary DAI may improve embryo survival by improving hormones, antioxidant capacity, and metabolic profiles in the maternal amniotic fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunhong Xie
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
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Sun Z, Li D, Li Y, Chen D, Yu B, Yu J, Mao X, Zheng P, Luo Y, Luo J, He J. Effects of dietary daidzein supplementation on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Paulino SLJ, Adrián ÁTG, Gabriela EAL, Maribel VM, Sergio MG. Nutraceutical potential of flours from tomato by-product and tomato field waste. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 57:3525-3531. [PMID: 32713964 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04585-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Tomato field wastes and industrial by-products represents a valuable source of compounds with nutraceutical potential, and therefore of raw material to obtain food ingredients and additives. The objective of this study was to obtain a flour from tomato industrial by-product and from tomato field waste, dried by a conventional method, that allows to remain important nutraceutical compounds, which in the future, can be used for biotechnological purposes. We found that the drying procedure that allowed to reach an adequate water activity (0.4-0.6) in a forced convection oven were: 55 °C during 120 min. Both, the by-product and the field waste are potential sources for the extraction of phenolic and carotenoid compounds, getting up 11.26 μg/mg dry extract of lycopene and 162.82 μg/mg dry extract of phenolic compounds, highlighting the flavonoids: naringenin, catechin, and rutin. On the other hand, antioxidant analysis showed that oven dried by-product exhibits an inhibition around 80% against hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals, and a positive correlation of both lycopene and β-carotene with myoglobin protection ratio against these radicals. We concluded that the flour from tomato industrial by-products and field waste have nutraceutical properties attractive to the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Segoviano-León Juan Paulino
- Lab. Alimentos Funcionales y, Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-IPN Unidad Sinaloa, Blvd Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes 250, Guasave, Sin México
| | - Ávila-Torres Germán Adrián
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Los Mochis, Blvd Juan de Dios Bátiz and 20 de Noviembre, El Parque, C.P. 81250 Los Mochis, Sinaloa México
| | - Espinosa-Alonso Laura Gabriela
- Lab. Alimentos Funcionales y, Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-IPN Unidad Sinaloa, Blvd Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes 250, Guasave, Sin México
| | - Valdez-Morales Maribel
- CONACyT-Instituto Politécnico Nacional-Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación Para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Sinaloa, Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, Laboratorio de Alimentos Funcionales-Área de Metabolómica Agrícola, Blvd Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes 250, Guasave, Sinaloa México
| | - Medina-Godoy Sergio
- Lab. Alimentos Funcionales y, Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-IPN Unidad Sinaloa, Blvd Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes 250, Guasave, Sin México
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Effects of different antioxidants on quality of beef patties from steers fed low-moisture distillers grains. Meat Sci 2019; 154:119-125. [PMID: 31031210 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This research evaluated the effects of different antioxidants on overall quality of beef patties from steers fed distillers grains. Crossbred steers (n = 24) were fed corn, 40% Dry distillers grains plus solubles, or 40% modified distillers grains plus solubles - Dry Matter basis). Patties were made from ground chuck of individual animals and 4 antioxidant treatments were evaluated (CONTROL - no antioxidant, 0.3% ROSEMARY, 0.25% ACEROLA, and 0.6% CITRUS). Diets minimally affected quality attributes. Patties treated with ROSEMARY were shown significant lighter in color than other treatments on day 6. Patties treated with CITRUS were the reddest on days 5 and 6 of display. ACEROLA and CITRUS provided better lipid stability during display when compared to CONTROL and ROSEMARY. Treatment CITRUS reduced APC growth by 2 log when compared to all other treatments (P < 0.01). Although patties treated with CITRUS had higher off-flavor intensity, no effect was observed for overall desirability. Patties treated with 0.6% of CITRUS provided optimal overall quality.
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Stagos D, Balabanos D, Savva S, Skaperda Z, Priftis A, Kerasioti E, Mikropoulou EV, Vougogiannopoulou K, Mitakou S, Halabalaki M, Kouretas D. Extracts from the Mediterranean Food Plants Carthamus lanatus, Cichorium intybus, and Cichorium spinosum Enhanced GSH Levels and Increased Nrf2 Expression in Human Endothelial Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6594101. [PMID: 30581535 PMCID: PMC6276477 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6594101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is considered to prevent several diseases. In the present study, the antioxidant properties of six extracts from Mediterranean plant foods were assessed. The extracts' chemical composition analysis showed that the total polyphenolic content ranged from 56 to 408 GAE mg/g dw of extract. The major polyphenols identified in the extracts were quercetin, luteolin, caftaric acid, caffeoylquinic acid isomers, and cichoric acid. The extracts showed in vitro high scavenging potency against ABTS•+ and O2 •- radicals and reducing power activity. Also, the extracts inhibited peroxyl radical-induced cleavage of DNA plasmids. The three most potent extracts, Cichorium intybus, Carthamus lanatus, and Cichorium spinosum, inhibited OH•-induced mutations in Salmonella typhimurium TA102 cells. Moreover, C. intybus, C. lanatus, and C. spinosum extracts increased the antioxidant molecule glutathione (GSH) by 33.4, 21.5, and 10.5% at 50 μg/ml, respectively, in human endothelial EA.hy926 cells. C. intybus extract was also shown to induce in endothelial cells the transcriptional expression of Nrf2 (the major transcription factor of antioxidant genes), as well as of antioxidant genes GCLC, GSR, NQO1, and HMOX1. In conclusion, the results suggested that extracts from edible plants may prevent diseases associated especially with endothelium damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Stagos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Balabanos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Salomi Savva
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Zoi Skaperda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Alexandros Priftis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Efthalia Kerasioti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Eleni V. Mikropoulou
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Konstantina Vougogiannopoulou
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Sofia Mitakou
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Larissa 41500, Greece
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de Siqueira WN, Dos Santos FTJ, de Souza TF, de Vasconcelos Lima M, Silva HAMF, de Oliveira PSS, da Rocha Pitta MG, Bezerra MBCF, de Salazar E Fernandes T, de França EJ, da Silva EB, de Albuquerque Melo AMM. Study of the Potential Radiomitigator Effect of Quercetin on Human Lymphocytes. Inflammation 2018; 42:124-134. [PMID: 30173325 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0878-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several substances of synthetic and natural origin have been studied to determine their ability to protect the body from damage caused by ionizing radiation. Among these substances, quercetin has been shown to be a naturally occurring molecule with high radioprotective and radiomitigator potential due to its antioxidant properties. The objective of this work was to ascertain the potential radiomitigator effect of quercetin on chromosome aberration yield in lymphocytes of in vitro-irradiated human peripheral blood. At first, the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl) radical capture test was performed to determine the antioxidant activity of quercetin and to select the concentrations to be tested. The blood was irradiated at doses of 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 Gy and lymphocytes were cultured with quercetin at preselected concentrations of 37.5 and 75 μM. Then, the slides were prepared for scoring unstable chromosome aberrations (dicentrics, rings, and fragments). The results showed that the lymphocytes irradiated and later exposed to quercetin presented a lower frequency of chromosomal alterations compared to the control sample which was irradiated and not exposed to quercetin. The results suggest a potential radiomitigator effect of the flavonoid quercetin on human lymphocytes exposed, in vitro, to ionizing radiation. This effect may be related to decrease in the release of cytokines (INF-γ, PGE2, IL-1β, IL6, IL-8) involved in the proinflammatory processes as well as downregulation of NF-kB and reduction of expression TGF-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Williams Nascimento de Siqueira
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil.
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil.
- Serviço de Monitoração Ambiental, Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares do Nordeste, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Tiago José Dos Santos
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil
| | - Thaísa Feliciano de Souza
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil
| | - Maíra de Vasconcelos Lima
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
- Serviço de Monitoração Ambiental, Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares do Nordeste, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago de Salazar E Fernandes
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Elvis Joacir de França
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil
- Serviço de Monitoração Ambiental, Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares do Nordeste, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil
| | - Edvane Borges da Silva
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil
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Zhang Q, Chen D, Yu B, Mao X, Huang Z, Yu J, Luo J, Zheng P, Luo Y, He J. Effects of Dietary Daidzein Supplementation on Reproductive Performance, Serum Hormones, and Reproductive-Related Genes in Rats. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10060766. [PMID: 29899203 PMCID: PMC6024876 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary daidzein supplementation on reproductive performance in rats. A total of twenty-four female Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were randomly allocated to two groups and fed either with a basal diet (CON) or basal diet containing 50 mg/kg daidzein (DAI) from gestation until delivery stage. The results show that daidzein supplementation significantly increased the total litter weight and the total viable newborn weight (p < 0.05). Interestingly, daidzein supplementation acutely elevated the concentrations of serum estrogen, progesterone and insulin-like growth factor-1 (p < 0.01) after the maternal rats’ delivery. The concentrations of serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) were also significantly higher in the DAI maternal rats than in the CON maternal rats (p < 0.05). Moreover, daidzein significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in maternal rats’ sera and in newborns (p < 0.05) and elevated the concentration of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in both the maternal rats’ sera and their ovaries (p < 0.05). Importantly, daidzein supplementation significantly elevated the expression levels of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and NR5A2 genes in maternal rats’ ovaries (p < 0.05) and downregulated the expression level of prolactin receptor (PRLR) in newborns (p < 0.05). These results suggest that dietary daidzein supplementation improves reproductive performance and fetal development in rats, which is associated with changes in serum hormones, tissue antioxidant capacity, and expression levels of reproductive-related genes, both in maternal rats and their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ping Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
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14
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Designing antioxidant peptides based on the antioxidant properties of the amino acid side-chains. Food Chem 2018; 245:750-755. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.11.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Yu J, Bi X, Yu B, Chen D. Isoflavones: Anti-Inflammatory Benefit and Possible Caveats. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8060361. [PMID: 27294954 PMCID: PMC4924202 DOI: 10.3390/nu8060361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation, a biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, is also known to be involved in a host of diseases, such as obesity, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and even cancer. Isoflavones are a class of flavonoids that exhibit antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Increasing evidence has highlighted the potential for isoflavones to prevent the chronic diseases in which inflammation plays a key role, though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Recently, some studies have raised concerns about isoflavones induced negative effects like carcinogenesis, thymic involution, and immunosuppression. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the anti-inflammatory effects of isoflavones, unravel the underlying mechanisms, and present the potential health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Bi
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Bing Yu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Antioxidant activities of a peptide derived from chicken dark meat. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2016; 53:2476-81. [PMID: 27407214 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-016-2233-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidant activities against hypochlorite ions and peroxyl radicals of a chicken dark meat hydrolysate digested with pepsin were examined with the myoglobin method based on the structure change of myoglobin due to redox reaction with reactive oxygen species (ROS). A peptide that showed strong antioxidant activity against the peroxyl radical was isolated from the hydrolysate using HPLC equipped with a hydrophobic-interacting column. The sequence of the first five amino acid residues of the peptide was determined as YASGR (Tyr-Ala-Ser-Gly-Arg), and this sequence matched with the amino acid residues 143-147 of chicken β-actin (GenBank: CAA25004.1). The synthetic peptide YASGR showed very high antioxidant activity against the peroxyl radical. Antioxidant activities of the free amino acids, confirmed that the tyrosine residue of this peptide was possibly responsible for antioxidant activity.
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Lee SH, Jang M, Kim GH. Antioxidative Effects of Extracts from Different Parts of Epimedium koreanum Nakai. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2016.45.2.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Myoglobin microplate assay to evaluate prevention of protein peroxidation. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 114:305-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Antioxidant activity of Citrus fruits. Food Chem 2015; 196:885-96. [PMID: 26593569 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Citrus is well-known for its nutrition and health-promotion values. This reputation is derived from the studies on the biological functions of phytochemicals in Citrus fruits and their derived products in the past decades. In recent years, the antioxidant activity of Citrus fruits and their roles in the prevention and treatment of various human chronic and degenerative diseases have attracted more and more attention. Citrus fruits are suggested to be a good source of dietary antioxidants. To have a better understanding of the mechanism underlying the antioxidant activity of Citrus fruits, we reviewed a study on the antioxidant activity of the phytochemicals in Citrus fruits, introduced methods for antioxidant activity evaluation, discussed the factors which influence the antioxidant activity of Citrus fruits, and summarized the underlying mechanism of action. Some suggestions for future study were also presented.
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Siraichi JTG, Felipe DF, Brambilla LZS, Gatto MJ, Terra VA, Cecchini AL, Cortez LER, Rodrigues-Filho E, Cortez DAG. Antioxidant capacity of the leaf extract obtained from Arrabidaea chica cultivated in Southern Brazil. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72733. [PMID: 24009700 PMCID: PMC3757019 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrabidaea chica leaf extract has been used by people as an anti-inflammatory and astringent agent as well as a remedy for intestinal colic, diarrhea, leucorrhea, anemia, and leukemia. A. chica is known to be a good producer of phenolics. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated its antioxidant activity. The phenolic composition of A. chica leaves was studied by liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection (LC-DAD) and liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS), and isoscutellarein, 6-hydroxyluteolin, hispidulin, scutellarein, luteolin, and apigenin were identified. The extract from leaves of A. chica was tested for antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, β-carotene bleaching test, and total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP) method. The crude extract quenched DPPH free radicals in a dose-dependent manner, and the IC50 of the extract was 13.51 µg/mL. The β-carotene bleaching test showed that the addition of the A. chica extract in different concentrations (200 and 500 µg/mL) prevented the bleaching of β-carotene at different degrees (51.2% ±3.38% and 94% ±4.61%, respectively). The TRAP test showed dose-dependent correlation between the increasing concentrations of A. chica extract (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 µg/mL) and the TRAP values obtained by trolox (hydro-soluble vitamin E) 0.4738±0.0466, 1.981±0.1603, and 6.877±1.445 µM, respectively. The 2 main flavonoids, scutellarein and apigenin, were separated, and their antioxidant activity was found to be the same as that of the plant extract. These 2 flavonoids were quantified in the plant extract by using a validated HPLC-UV method. The results of these tests showed that the extract of A. chica had a significant antioxidant activity, which could be attributed to the presence of the mixture of flavonoids in the plant extract, with the main contribution of scutellarein and apigenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackeline Tiemy Guinoza Siraichi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, State of Paraná, Brazil
- Instituto Federal do Paraná, Londrina, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daniele Fernanda Felipe
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lara Zampar Serra Brambilla
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Vânia Aparecida Terra
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | - Edson Rodrigues-Filho
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, State of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diógenes Aparício Garcia Cortez
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, State of Paraná, Brazil
- * E-mail: (DAGC)
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Terashima M, Fukukita A, Kodama R, Miki H, Suzuki M, Ikegami M, Tamura N, Yasuda A, Morikawa M, Matsumura S. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of leafy vegetables and beans with myoglobin method. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2013; 32:349-357. [PMID: 23160640 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-012-1368-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 10/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE : Antioxidant activity of seven leafy vegetables and four beans against five reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species was clearly characterized with a protocol using myoglobin as a reporter probe. Antioxidant activity of seven leafy vegetables and four beans against peroxyl radical, hydroxyl radical, hypochlorite ion, and peroxynitrite ion has been measured using myoglobin as a reporter probe (myoglobin method). Conventional DPPH method was also used to evaluate antioxidant activity of the samples. Difference of activity against different reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) was characterized by plotting the data in a 5-axe cobweb chart. This plot clearly showed the characteristics of the antioxidant activity of the leafy vegetables and the beans. The samples examined in this work were categorized into four groups. (1) The samples showed high antioxidant activity against all ROS and RNS: daikon sprout, spinach, Qing-geng-cai, and onion. (2) The samples showed high antioxidant activity against peroxyl radical: red bean and soy bean. (3) The samples showed high antioxidant against hypochlorite ion: broccoli floret, cabbage, and Chinese cabbage. (4) The samples showed weak antioxidant activity against all ROS and RNS: cowpea and common beans. Our protocol is probably useful to characterize antioxidant activity of the crops of different cultivars, the crops obtained in different growing environments and growing seasons, the crops harvested at different age, and the crops stored in the different conditions, as well as the changes of activity during cooking process of the crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Terashima
- Department of Biosphere Sciences, School of Human Sciences, Kobe College, 4-1 Okadayama, Nishinomiya City, Hyogo 662-8505, Japan.
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Pérez-Cruz F, Cortés C, Atala E, Bohle P, Valenzuela F, Olea-Azar C, Speisky H, Aspée A, Lissi E, López-Alarcón C, Bridi R. Use of pyrogallol red and pyranine as probes to evaluate antioxidant capacities towards hypochlorite. Molecules 2013; 18:1638-52. [PMID: 23358322 PMCID: PMC6269878 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18021638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypochlorite is a strong oxidant able to induce deleterious effects in biological systems. The goal of this work was to investigate the use of PGR and PYR as probes in assays aimed at evaluating antioxidant activities towards hypochorite and apply it to plant extracts employed in Chilean folk medicine. The consumption of PGR and PYR was evaluated from the decrease in the visible absorbance and fluorescence intensity, respectively. Total phenolic content was determined by the Folin Ciocalteau assay. PGR and PYR react with hypochlorite with different kinetics, being considerably faster the consumption of PGR. Different stoichiometric values were also determined: 0.7 molecules of PGR and 0.33 molecules of PYR were bleached per each molecule of added hypochlorite. Both probes were protected by antioxidants, but the rate of PGR bleaching was too fast to perform a kinetic analysis. For PYR, the protection took place without changes in its initial consumption rate, suggesting a competition between the dye and the antioxidant for hypochlorite. Plant extracts protected PYR giving a PYR-HOCl index that follows the order: Fuchsia magellanica ≈ Marrubium vulgare ≈ Tagetes minuta > Chenopodium ambrosoides ≈ Satureja montana > Thymus praecox. Based on both the kinetic data and the protection afforded by pure antioxidants, we selected PYR as the best probe. The proposed methodology allows evaluating an antioxidant capacity index of plant extracts related to the reactivity of the samples towards hypochlorite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Pérez-Cruz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; E-Mails: (F.P.-C.); (C.O.-A.)
| | - Contanza Cortés
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, C.P. 782 0436, Santiago, Chile; E-Mails: (C.C.); (E.A.); (P.B.); (F.V.)
| | - Elias Atala
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, C.P. 782 0436, Santiago, Chile; E-Mails: (C.C.); (E.A.); (P.B.); (F.V.)
| | - Pamela Bohle
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, C.P. 782 0436, Santiago, Chile; E-Mails: (C.C.); (E.A.); (P.B.); (F.V.)
| | - Francisco Valenzuela
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, C.P. 782 0436, Santiago, Chile; E-Mails: (C.C.); (E.A.); (P.B.); (F.V.)
| | - Claudio Olea-Azar
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; E-Mails: (F.P.-C.); (C.O.-A.)
| | - Hernán Speisky
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; E-Mails: (F.P.-C.); (C.O.-A.)
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; E-Mail:
| | - Alexis Aspée
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile; E-Mails: (A.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Eduardo Lissi
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile; E-Mails: (A.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Camilo López-Alarcón
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, C.P. 782 0436, Santiago, Chile; E-Mails: (C.C.); (E.A.); (P.B.); (F.V.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (C.L.-A.), (R.B.); Tel.: +56-2-2354-1580 (R.B.); Fax: +56-2-2354-4744 (R.B.)
| | - Raquel Bridi
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, C.P. 782 0436, Santiago, Chile; E-Mails: (C.C.); (E.A.); (P.B.); (F.V.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (C.L.-A.), (R.B.); Tel.: +56-2-2354-1580 (R.B.); Fax: +56-2-2354-4744 (R.B.)
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