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Zhang J, Yu Q, Chen W. Advancements in Small Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Superoxide Anion Detection: A Review. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03727-4. [PMID: 38656646 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03727-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Superoxide anion (O2•-), a significant reactive oxygen species (ROS) within biological systems, plays a widespread role in cellular function regulation and is closely linked to the onset and progression of numerous diseases. To unveil the pathological implications of O2•- in these diseases, the development of effective monitoring techniques within biological systems is imperative. Small molecule fluorescent probes have garnered considerable attention due to their advantages: simplicity in operation, heightened sensitivity, exceptional selectivity, and direct applicability in monitoring living cells, tissues, and animals. In the past few years, few reports have focused on small molecule fluorescence probes for the detection of O2•-. In this small review, we systematically summarize the design and application of O2•- responsive small molecule fluorescent probes. In addition, we present the limitations of the current detection of O2•- and suggest the construction of new fluorescent imaging probes to indicate O2•- in living cells and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, No. 69, Hongguang Avenue, Banan District, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Qinghua Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, NO.181 Hanyu Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China
| | - Wanyi Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, NO.181 Hanyu Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China.
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2
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Chang J, Wang Y, Kong X, Dong B, Yue T. Golgi apparatus-targeting fluorescent probe for the imaging of superoxide anion (O 2•-) in living cells during ferroptosis. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1298:342410. [PMID: 38462334 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an emerging iron-dependent oxidative cell death type, and recently has been demonstrated to show close relation with Golgi apparatus (GA). Exploring the fluctuation of superoxide anion (O2•-) level in GA during ferroptosis is of great significance to profoundly study the biological functions of GA in ferroptosis. Here, we present a GA-targeting probe (N-GA) to monitor cellular O2•- during ferroptosis. N-GA employed a triflate group and a tetradecanoic amide unit as the recognition site for O2•- and GA-targeting unit, respectively. After the response of N-GA to O2•-, the triflate unit of N-GA converted into hydroxyl group with strong electron-donating ability, generating bright green fluorescence under UV light. N-GA exhibited excellent sensitivity and selectivity towards O2•-. Fluorescence imaging results showed that N-GA could be applied as a GA-targeting probe to monitor cellular O2•-. The stimulation of cells with PMA and rotenone could result in the massive generation of endogenous O2•- in GA. Erastin-induced ferroptosis can markedly induce the increase of O2•- level in GA. Similar to Fer-1 and DFO, dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) and rutin were demonstrated to inhibit the enormous production of O2•- in GA of the living cells during ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Shandong Chemical Technology Academy, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (Jinan), Jinan, Shandong, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuqi Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoli Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tao Yue
- Shandong Chemical Technology Academy, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (Jinan), Jinan, Shandong, 250014, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Zhao X, Chen X, Wu Y, Wang J, Lin P, Zhou L, Wang Z. Construction of a super large Stokes shift near-infrared fluorescent probe for detection and imaging of superoxide anion in living cells, zebrafish and mice. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2024; 309:123806. [PMID: 38154307 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
As one of the major reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion (O2•-) is engaged in maintaining redox homeostasis in the cell microenvironment. To identify the pathological roles in related disorders caused by abnormal expression of O2•-, it is of great significance to monitor and track the fluctuation of O2•- concentration in vivo. However, the low concentration of O2•- and the interference caused by tissue autofluorescence make the development of an ideal detection methodology full of challenges. Herein, a "Turn-On" chemical response near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence probe Dcm-Cu-OTf for O2•- detection in inflamed models, was constructed by conjugating the NIR fluorophore (dicyanisophorone derivative) with an O2•- sensing moiety (trifluoromethanesulfonate). Dcm-Cu-OTf exerted about 140-fold fluorescence enhancement after reacting 200 μM O2•- with an excellent limited of detection (LOD) as low as 149 nM. Additionally, Dcm-Cu-OTf exhibited a super large Stokes shift (260 nm) and high selectivity over other bio-analytes in stimulated conditions. Importantly, Dcm-Cu-OTf showed low toxicity and enabled imaging of the generation of O2•- in the Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated HeLa cells, zebrafish, and LPS-induced inflamed mice. The present study provided a potential and reliable detection tool to inspect the physiological and pathological progress of O2•- in living biosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongjie Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China.
| | - Xinyi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China
| | - You Wu
- College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China
| | - Pengxu Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Liyi Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Zongcheng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China.
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4
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Zhang Z, Dao A, Yang X, Pan L, Li W, Lin Y, Zhang X, Huang H. Photoactive rhodamine-based photosensitizer eliminates Staphylococcus aureus via superoxide radical photosensitization. Bioorg Chem 2024; 144:107067. [PMID: 38232683 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Due to the antibiotics abuse, bacterial infection has become one of the leading causes of human death worldwide. Novel selective antimicrobial agents are urgently needed, with the hope of maintaining the balance of the microbial environment. Photo-activated chemotherapeutics have shown great potential to eliminate bacteria with appealing spatiotemporal selectivity. In this work, we reported the structural modification to enhance the triplet excited state property of Rhodamine B, synthesizing a rhodamine-based photosensitizer RBPy. Upon light activation, RBPy exhibited much stronger photosensitization ability than the parent compound Rhodamine B both in solution and in bacteria. Importantly, RBPy can selectively inactivate Staphylococcus aureus and inhibit biofilm formation with high biocompatibility. This work provides a new strategy to develop rhodamine-based photoactive chemotherapeutics for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Anyi Dao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xiaoqi Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Li Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Wenqing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yicao Lin
- Department of Process Research and Development, HEC Pharm Group, Dongguan 523871, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China; Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China.
| | - Huaiyi Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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Dong B, Wang J, Wang M, Chen Q, Kong X, Chang J, Li X, Yue T, Wang Y. An FRET-based and ER-targeting fluorescent probe for tracking superoxide anion (O 2•-) in the hippocampus of the depressive mouse. Talanta 2024; 268:125272. [PMID: 37857106 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Exploration of the pathway for the excessive generation of O2•- in hippocampus during depression is critical for the study on molecular mechanism of depression, and is currently still inconclusive. Herein, we put forward a hypothesis that depression increases the generation of O2•- in hippocampus by triggering ER stress, and verified this hypothesis by constructing an FRET-based ER-targeting fluorescent probe (ER-CRh) which can provide ratiometric detection of O2•- with high sensitivity and selectivity. The probe ER-CRh showed desirable ER-targeting capability, and could detect the endogenous O2•- in the ER of the hippocampal neuronal cells experiencing ER stress. Fluorescence imaging indicates that ER-CRh possesses the capability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier in mouse, and depression could promote the production of endogenous O2•- in hippocampus. Western blotting analysis reveals that the proteins GRP78 and CHOP from the hippocampus of depressive mouse show an up-regulated expression, and it suggests depression causes ER stress in hippocampal neurons. These findings prove our hypothesis, and could conduce to develop safe and effective antidepressants by the protection and repair of hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoli Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Jingxian Wang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Qingxian Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Xiuqi Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Jia Chang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Tao Yue
- Shandong Chemical Technology Academy, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (Jinan), Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China.
| | - Yue Wang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250117, China.
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6
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Tang W, Liu JR, Wang Q, Zheng YL, Zhou XY, Xie L, Dai F, Zhang S, Zhou B. Developing a novel benzothiazole-based red-emitting probe for intravital imaging of superoxide anion. Talanta 2024; 268:125297. [PMID: 37832453 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide anion (O2•-), the first generated reactive oxygen species (ROS), is a critical player in cellular signaling network and redox homeostasis. Imaging of O2•-, particularly in vivo, is of concern for further understanding its roles in pathophysiological and pharmacological events. Herein, we designed a novel probe, (E)-4-(5-(2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-2-cyanovinyl)furan-2-yl)phenyl trifluoromethane-sulfonate (BFTF), by modifying hydroxyphenyl benzothiazole (a widely used dye scaffold) which includes insertion of both an acrylonitrile unit and a furan ring to extend the total π-conjugation system and to enhance push-pull intramolecular charge transfer process, and utilization of trifluoromethanesulfonate as the response unit. Toward O2•-, the probe features near-infrared fluorescent emission (685 nm), large Stokes shift (135 nm), and deep tissue penetration (300 μm). With its help, we successfully mapped preferential generation of O2•- in HepG2 cells over L02 cells, as well as in A549 over BEAS-2B cells by β-lapachone (an anticancer agent that generates O2•-), and more importantly, visualized overproduction of O2•- in living mice with liver injury induced by acetaminophen (a well-known analgesic and antipyretic drug).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jun-Ru Liu
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Ya-Long Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Xi-Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Li Xie
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Fang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Shengxiang Zhang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
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Yu KH, Tien KW, Wang WC, Chi CH, Tsai KC, Chou CH, Hwang TL, Hung HY. Design and synthesis of pyrazole derivatives against neutrophilic inflammation. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 262:115874. [PMID: 37918036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cells. However, neutrophil dysregulation leads to acute and chronic inflammation and is involved in various diseases. The aim of this study was to develop anti-inflammatory agents in human neutrophils. A drug screening was conducted on in-house compounds with the potential to inhibit the respiratory burst, which involves the generation of superoxide anions in human neutrophils. Bioisosteric replacement was then applied to design more active derivatives. The most potent inhibitors of superoxide anion generation activity were compounds 58 and 59, which had IC50 values of 13.30 and 9.06 nM, respectively. The inhibitory effects of 58 and 59 were reversed by H89, a PKA inhibitor. PDE selective screening indicated that the best inhibitory effects were PDE4B1 and PDE4D2, and the inhibitory activities were 83% and 85%, respectively, at a 10 μM concentration of 59. The final molecular simulation experiment highlighted the slightly different binding poses of 58 and 59 in the PDE4 active site. An in vivo pharmacokinetic study revealed that the half-life of 59 was approximately 79 min when using intravenous bolus administration. This work introduced a new class structure of PDE4 inhibitors resulting in potent neutrophil inactivation activity, with the aim of contributing to new anti-inflammatory drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hua Yu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wen Tien
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ho Chi
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Chang Tsai
- Ministry of Health and Welfare, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsi Chou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Yi Hung
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
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Chang J, Wang Y, Wei H, Kong X, Dong B, Yue T. Development of a "double reaction" type-based fluorescent probe for the imaging of superoxide anion in living cells. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 302:123080. [PMID: 37392536 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide anion (O2•-) is an important ROS in living systems, and rapid and in situ detection of O2•- is critical for the in-depth study of its roles in the closely related diseases. Herein, we present a "double reaction" type-based fluorescent probe (BZT) for the imaging of O2•- in living cells. BZT employed a triflate group as a recognition site for O2•-. In response to O2•-, the probe BZT underwent double chemical reactions, including the nucleophilic reaction between O2•- and triflate, and the cyclization reaction through the other nucleophilic reaction between hydroxyl and cyano group. BZT could show high sensitivity and selectivity to O2•-. Biological imaging experiments demonstrated that the probe BZT could be successfully applied to detect the exogenous and endogenous O2•- in living cells, and the results suggested that rutin could efficiently scavenge the endogenous O2•- induced by rotenone. We expected that the developed probe could provide a valuable tool to investigate the pathological roles of O2•- in relevant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Shandong Chemical Technology Academy, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (Jinan), Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Hua Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Xiuqi Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Baoli Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China.
| | - Tao Yue
- Shandong Chemical Technology Academy, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (Jinan), Jinan, Shandong 250014, China.
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Vaccarella E, Piacentini D, Falasca G, Canepari S, Massimi L. In-vivo exposure of a plant model organism for the assessment of the ability of PM samples to induce oxidative stress. Sci Total Environ 2023; 900:165694. [PMID: 37516174 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to propose an innovative, simple, rapid, and cost-effective method to study oxidative stress induced by PM through in-vivo exposure of the plant model organism Arabidopsis thaliana. A. thaliana seedlings were exposed to urban dust certified for its elemental content and to PM2.5 samples collected in an urban-industrial area of Northern Italy. An innovative technique for the detachment and suspension in water of the whole intact dust from membrane filters was applied to expose the model organism to both the soluble and insoluble fractions of PM2.5, which were analyzed for 34 elements by ICP-MS. Oxidative stress induced by PM on A. thaliana was assessed by light microscopic localization and UV-Vis spectrophotometric determination of superoxide anion (O2-) content on the exposed seedlings by using the nitro blue tetrazole (NBT) assay. The results showed a good efficiency and sensitivity of the method for PM mass concentrations >20 μg m-3 and an increase in O2- content in all exposed seedlings, which mainly depends on the concentration, chemical composition, and sources of the PM administered to the model organism. Particles released by biomass burning appeared to contribute more to the overall toxicity of PM. This method was found to be cost-effective and easy to apply to PM collected on membrane filters in intensive monitoring campaigns in order to obtain valuable information on the ability of PM to generate oxidative stress in living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Vaccarella
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro, 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Diego Piacentini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro, 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Falasca
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro, 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Silvia Canepari
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro, 5, Rome 00185, Italy; C.N.R. Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Via Salaria, Km 29,300, Monterotondo St., Rome 00015, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Massimi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro, 5, Rome 00185, Italy; C.N.R. Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Via Salaria, Km 29,300, Monterotondo St., Rome 00015, Italy.
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10
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Zhang Z, Li W, Wu H, Liu Z, Huang H. Novel photoactivated Indole-pyridine chemotherapeutics with strong antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity toward Staphylococcus aureus. Bioorg Chem 2023; 140:106813. [PMID: 37657196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
The challenge of antibiotic resistance worldwide has brought an urgent need to explore novel drugs for bacterial infections. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy has been proven to be a potential antimicrobial modality but is limited by biofilms. In this study, we synthesized three cationic photosensitizers with strong photoinduced antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities toward gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. The indole-pyridine compounds illustrated multiple type I/II photosensitization and coenzyme NAD(P)H photocatalytic activity upon excitation. A mechanistic study showed that intracellular reactive oxygen generation and NAD(P)H oxidation caused membrane damage, leading to protein/nucleus acid leakage. This research provides insights into the development of novel chemotherapeutics with synergetic photodynamic and photocatalytic reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Wenqing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Haorui Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhuangfeng Liu
- Department of Process Research and Development, HEC Pharm Group, Dongguan 523871, China
| | - Huaiyi Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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Massimo G, Khambata RS, Chapman T, Birchall K, Raimondi C, Shabbir A, Dyson N, Rathod KS, Borghi C, Ahluwalia A. Natural mutations of human XDH promote the nitrite (NO 2-)-reductase capacity of xanthine oxidoreductase: A novel mechanism to promote redox health? Redox Biol 2023; 67:102864. [PMID: 37713777 PMCID: PMC10511815 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Several rare genetic variations of human XDH have been shown to alter xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) activity leading to impaired purine catabolism. However, XOR is a multi-functional enzyme that depending upon the environmental conditions also expresses oxidase activity leading to both O2·- and H2O2 and nitrite (NO2-) reductase activity leading to nitric oxide (·NO). Since these products express important, and often diametrically opposite, biological activity, consideration of the impact of XOR mutations in the context of each aspect of the biochemical activity of the enzyme is needed to determine the potential full impact of these variants. Herein, we show that known naturally occurring hXDH mutations do not have a uniform impact upon the biochemical activity of the enzyme in terms of uric acid (UA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide ·NO formation. We show that the His1221Arg mutant, in the presence of xanthine, increases UA, O2·- and NO generation compared to the WT, whilst the Ile703Val increases UA and ·NO formation, but not O2·-. We speculate that this change in the balance of activity of the enzyme is likely to endow those carrying these mutations with a harmful or protective influence over health that may explain the current equipoise underlying the perceived importance of XDH mutations. We also show that, in presence of inorganic NO2-, XOR-driven O2·- production is substantially reduced. We suggest that targeting enzyme activity to enhance the NO2--reductase profile in those carrying such mutations may provide novel therapeutic options, particularly in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Massimo
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & the London Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - R S Khambata
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & the London Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - T Chapman
- LifeArc, Accelerator Building Open Innovation Campus, Stevenage, SG1 2FX, UK
| | - K Birchall
- LifeArc, Accelerator Building Open Innovation Campus, Stevenage, SG1 2FX, UK
| | - C Raimondi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & the London Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - A Shabbir
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & the London Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Nicki Dyson
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & the London Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - K S Rathod
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & the London Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - C Borghi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti, N.9, 40138, Italy
| | - A Ahluwalia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti, N.9, 40138, Italy.
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12
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Liu T, Li Y, Gu J, Zhang L, Qian F, Li B, Wang X. Achieving smartphone-based colorimetric assay for Hg 2+ with a bimetallic site strategy based on Hg 2+-triggered oxidase-like catalytic activity of NSC/Co 6Ni 3S 8 nanocomposite. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1278:341734. [PMID: 37709431 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of the nanozyme's catalytic activity is crucial for its real applications in detecting target analytes. Herein, we fabricated the nanocomposite (NSC/Co6Ni3S8) of N, S co-doped carbon and Co6Ni3S8 by a facile sol-gel approach. Compared to NSC/Ni9S8, NSC/Co6Ni3S8 with bimetallic active sites displayed better enzyme-mimetic activity. This nanocomposite could catalyze O2 to form ·O2- and oxidize colorless 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into blue oxTMB. The other two free radicals (h+ and ·OH) played minor roles during the catalytic reaction. Hg2+ could integrate with S2- to form HgS and the surface charges of O2 were transferred to Hg2+ to promote O2 adsorption. DFT theoretical calculations highlight that the main reasons for the enhancing effect of Hg2+ on color development results from electron transfer and increased adsorption energy of O2 molecules onto the surface of NSC/Co6Ni3S8. By employing the oxidase-like activity of NSC/Co6Ni3S8 and Hg2+-triggered promoting effect, a colorimetric sensing platform was established for Hg2+ assay with a linear range of 10-200 μg/L and detection limit of 3 μg/L. Through integration with a smartphone-based APP "Thing Identify" software, a visual colorimetric assay for Hg2+ was constructed with a detection limit of 5 μg/L. Compared to the data detected by the mercury vapor meter, the relative recoveries of 92.4-108.1% evidenced the higher accuracy of this smartphone-based visual detection. Overall, the NSC/Co6Ni3S8-based colorimetric assay is convenient, rapid, and visual, and can be applied for routine monitoring of Hg2+ in real-world waters under outdoor conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - JingJing Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Feiyue Qian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - BinRong Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Xuedong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
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13
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Qin Q. ROS: Important factor in plant stem cell fate regulation. J Plant Physiol 2023; 289:154082. [PMID: 37690340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are initially considered to be toxic byproducts of aerobic metabolic reactions. However, increasing evidence has shown that they have emerged as signaling molecules involved in several basic biological processes. Recent studies highlight the pivotal role of ROS in the maintenance of shoot and root stem cell niche. In this review, we discuss the impact of ROS distribution and their gradients on the stability of the stem cell niches (SCN) in shoot apical meristem (SAM) and root apical meristem (RAM) by determining the balance between stemness and differentiation. We also summarize several important transcription factors that are involved in the regulation of ROS balance in SAM and RAM, regulating key enzymes in ROS metabolism, especially SOD and peroxidase. ROS are also tightly interconnected with phytohormones in the control of the stem cell fate. Besides, ROS are also important regulators of the cell cycle in controlling the size of the stem cells. Understanding the regulation mechanisms of ROS production, polarization gradient distribution, homeostasis, and downstream signal transduction in cells will open exciting new perspectives for plant developmental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Qin
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing for Breeding, Gansu Province, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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14
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Zhao D, Geng C, Liu X, Jin X, Zhao Z, Liu Y, Alwarappan S. Photoelectrochemical detection of superoxide anions released from mitochondria in HepG2 cells based on the synergistic effect of MnO 2@Co 3O 4 core-shell p-n heterojunction. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 237:115368. [PMID: 37354714 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The detection and comparison of the amount of superoxide anion (O2.-) released by different complexes in mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) can locate the main electron leakage sites in mitochondria. In order to realize this, we designed an ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor by in situ hydrothermal growth of MnO2 nanosheets on Co3O4 nanowires array modified Ti substrate (NWA|Ti). Due to the formation of a core-shell p-n heterojunction with high specific surface area, tight surface contact and plentiful oxygen vacancies (OVs), MnO2@Co3O4 NWA|Ti possesses a strong visible light absorption, high charges transfer and separation ability. The proposed PEC sensor exhibited a wide linear range of 0.1-50000 nM and a low detection limit of 0.025 nM towards H2O2. Due to the rapid conversion of O2.- to H2O2 inside mitochondria, the PEC sensor can indirectly monitor the electron leakage in the ETC. Specifically, four selected mitochondrial inhibitors specifically inhibited the corresponding complex in mitochondria extracted from living HepG2 cells (hepatocellular carcinoma cells), and the H2O2 levels converted from O2.- was measured by the PEC sensor. It is evident that IQ (ubiquinone binding) site of complex I and Qo (ubiquinol oxidation) site of complex III are the key sites at which electron leakage occurred. This study could provide meaningful information for the diagnosis and treatment of certain disease caused by oxidative stress due to the electron leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China
| | - Chaoyao Geng
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxin Jin
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China
| | - Zijuan Zhao
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China
| | - Subbiah Alwarappan
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India.
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15
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Kajal S, Kairo AK, Quadri JA, Sarwar S, Ahmed A, Shamim A, Kakkar A, Shariff A, Kumar R, Thakar A. Can Superoxide Anions Predict the Malignant Potential of Carotid body Tumor? - A Pilot Study. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 75:1819-1825. [PMID: 37636665 PMCID: PMC10447714 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-03623-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is no consensus on estimating the malignant potential of Carotid Body Tumor (CBT) and the only way to predict a metastatic CBT is through DOTANOC Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan. There is a well-established correlation between CBT and superoxide anions inside tumor cells. The purpose of this pilot study was to measure superoxide anions inside CBT cells and find if these can be used as marker to predict malignant potential of CBT. The results were also co-related with findings of DOTANOC PET scan retrospectively. The CBT tissue from 10 patients was stained using a fluorogenic dye and superoxide anions were measured by analysis of fluorescent image. The patients were divided into two groups - First group with four patients having potentially malignant CBT based upon clinico-surgical characteristics and second group with the rest of the six patients. It was seen that the superoxide anions were highest in the first group which included patients with metastatic carotid body tumor, patients with multiple paragangliomas and patient with positive family history (p = 0.011). The same patients also had metastasis and multiple tumors detected on DOTANOC PET scan. It was concluded that measuring superoxide anions in excised tumor tissue can be used to estimate malignant potential of CBT and can identify patients who truly require DOTANOC PET scan; without affecting the treatment, as it is an expensive investigation involving ionizing radiation and may not be available in all centres. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12070-023-03623-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kajal
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi Delhi, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Kairo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi Delhi, India
| | | | - Saba Sarwar
- Department of Anatomy, AIIMS, New Delhi Delhi, India
| | - Anam Ahmed
- Department of Anatomy, AIIMS, New Delhi Delhi, India
| | - Ahmad Shamim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi Delhi, India
| | | | - A Shariff
- Department of Anatomy, AIIMS, New Delhi Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi Delhi, India
| | - Alok Thakar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi Delhi, India
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16
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Guan L, Li B, Chen S, Ren G, Li K, Lin Y. Bioinspired Cu-based metal-organic framework mimicking SOD for superoxide anion sensing and scavenging. Talanta 2023; 265:124860. [PMID: 37429254 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide anion (O2•-) is typically produced in living cells and organisms, while excess O2•- may cause unexpected damage, so monitoring and scavenging the O2•- is of considerable significance to exploring physiological and pathological process. In this study, a Cu-based metal-organic framework (Cu-MOF) which comprise sequential Cu metal ion and conductive organic 2,5-dicarboxylic acid-3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene is synthesized to mimic superoxide dismutase (SOD), in which Cu is the essence of active site. On one hand, the Cu-MOF possesses excellent electrocatalytic activity to detect O2•- at -0.05 V, biased at which potential the electrode showed good linearity toward O2•- with detection limit of 0.283 μM and interference immunity for AA, DA, UA, 5-HT and H2O2. The Cu-MOF modified microelectrode was applied for measuring the O2•- released from living cells real time and monitoring O2•- generation in rat brain. On the other hand, this Cu-MOF has the catalytic activity to mimic the superoxide dismutase for scavenging O2•- in HeLa cells effectively. This work provides a methodology to design metal ion based enzyme mimetic for analyzing and scavenging O2•- in cells and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihao Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Chemistry, Henan Open University, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Shutong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Guoyuan Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yuqing Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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17
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Wen X, Yang X, Wang T, Li Z, Ma C, Chen W, He Y, Zhang C. Photoreduction of Hg(II) by typical dissolved organic matter in paddy environments. Chemosphere 2023; 327:138437. [PMID: 36963580 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The photochemical behavior of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface water and its effect on Hg(II) photoreduction has been extensively studied, but the contribution of DOM in paddy water to Hg(II) photoreduction is largely unknown. Herein, the effect of DOM from biochar (BCDOM), rice straw (RSDOM), and chicken manure (CMDOM) on Hg(II) photoreduction were examined. The comparable reduction efficiency of Hg(II) suggested that DOM-like fraction (62.3-63.7%) contributes more than suspended particulate matter-like fraction (17.7-23.4%) and bacteria-like fraction (13.0-20.0%) in paddy water. Under irradiation, the typical DOM significantly promoted Hg(II) photoreduction, and the reduction efficiency of BCDOM (65.5 ± 2.1%) was higher than that of CMDOM (48.3 ± 2.6%) and RSDOM (32.8 ± 2.4%) in 6 h. The quenching and kinetics experiments showed that superoxide anion (O2•-) was the main reactive species for Hg(II) photoreduction. Fluorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry revealed that DOM with a higher degree of lignin/carboxy-rich acyclic molecules, condensed aromatics structures, and phenolic compounds could promote the formation of O2•-. These findings highlight the importance of DOM in Hg(II) photoreduction and provide new ideas for regulating Hg cycling and bioavailability in paddy environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Tantan Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Zihao Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Chi Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Wenhao Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yubo He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China.
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Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulated cell death that suppresses tumor growth. It is activated by extensive peroxidation of membrane phospholipids caused by oxidative stress. GPX4, an antioxidant enzyme, reduces these peroxidized membrane phospholipids thereby inhibiting ferroptosis. This enzyme has two distinct subcellular localization; the cytosol and mitochondria. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) complements mitochondrial GPX4 in reducing peroxidized membrane phospholipids. It is the rate-limiting enzyme in de novo pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. Its role in ferroptosis inhibition suggests that DHODH inhibitors could have two complementary mechanisms of action against tumors; inhibiting de novo pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis and enhancing ferroptosis. However, the link between mitochondrial function and ferroptosis, and the involvement of DHODH in the ETC suggests that its role in ferroptosis could be modulated by the Warburg effect. Therefore, we reviewed relevant literature to get an insight into the possible effect of this metabolic reprogramming on the role of DHODH in ferroptosis. Furthermore, an emerging link between DHODH and cellular GSH pool has also been highlighted. These insights could contribute to the rational design of ferroptosis-based anticancer drugs. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvan Amos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kaduna State University, PMB 2339 Tafawa Balewa Way, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Alex Amos
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Lirong Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - He Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting Road, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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19
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Liu W, Wang Y, Wang T, Wang L, Hu S, Tian D. A versatile AIE probe with mitochondria targeting for dual-channel detection of superoxide anion and viscosity. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1253:341099. [PMID: 36965989 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal viscosity and excessive superoxide anion (O2•-) levels in living cells often cause a series of biological dysfunction and oxidative damage. However, a great challenge remains in quickly and conveniently detecting the viscosity and O2•- levels in living cells. Herein, we fabricated a versatile aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probe with mitochondria targeting, DTPB, for dual-imaging of viscosity and O2•- level in living cells with two different channels. The obtained DTPB contained a diphenyl phosphinic acid unit responsive to O2•-, a unit with twisted intramolecular charge trans (TICT) function responsive to viscosity, and a pyridine cation unit with mitochondria targeting. The results showed that DTPB exhibited a remarkable response to viscosity with a near-infrared emission peak at 671 nm and was highly sensitive to O2•- levels with an emission peak at 587 nm. The dual-channel probe has great application prospects in the visual diagnosis of cancer and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, PR China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, PR China
| | - Liwen Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, PR China
| | - Sheng Hu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, PR China
| | - Dating Tian
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, PR China.
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20
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Watthanasakphuban N, Srila P, Pinmanee P, Sompinit K, Rattanaporn K, Peterbauer C. Development of high cell density Limosilactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5 for cell factory using oxidative stress reduction approach. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:86. [PMID: 37120528 PMCID: PMC10149017 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression systems for lactic acid bacteria have been developed for metabolic engineering applications as well as for food-grade recombinant protein production. But the industrial applications of lactic acid bacteria as cell factories have been limited due to low biomass formation resulted in low efficiency of biomanufacturing process. Limosilactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5 is a safe probiotic lactic acid bacterium that has been proven as a gut health enhancer, which could be developed as a mucosal delivery vehicle for vaccines or therapeutic proteins, or as expression host for cell factory applications. Similar to many lactic acid bacteria, its oxygen sensitivity is a key factor that limits cell growth and causes low biomass production. The aim of this study is to overcome the oxidative stress in L. reuteri KUB-AC5. Several genes involved in oxidative and anti-oxidative stress were investigated, and strain improvement for higher cell densities despite oxidative stress was performed using genetic engineering. RESULTS An in-silico study showed that L. reuteri KUB-AC5 genome possesses an incomplete respiratory chain lacking four menaquinone biosynthesis genes as well as a complete biosynthesis pathway for the production of the precursor. The presence of an oxygen consuming enzyme, NADH oxidase (Nox), leads to high ROS formation in aerobic cultivation, resulting in strong growth reduction to approximately 25% compared to anaerobic cultivation. Recombinant strains expressing the ROS scavenging enzymes Mn-catalase and Mn-superoxide dismutase were successfully constructed using the pSIP expression system. The Mn-catalase and Mn-SOD-expressing strains produced activities of 873 U/ml and 1213 U/ml and could minimize the ROS formation in the cell, resulting in fourfold and sevenfold higher biomass formation, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Expression of Mn-catalase and Mn-SOD in L. reuteri KUB-AC5 successfully reduced oxidative stress and enhanced growth. This finding could be applied for other lactic acid bacteria that are subject to oxidative stress and will be beneficial for applications of lactic acid bacteria for cell factory applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisit Watthanasakphuban
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| | - Pimsiriya Srila
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Phitsanu Pinmanee
- Enzyme Technology Research Team, National Center of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Kamonwan Sompinit
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kittipong Rattanaporn
- Fermentation Technology Research Center, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Clemens Peterbauer
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
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Wang Q, Ding Y, Dahlgren RA, Sun Y, Gu J, Li Y, Liu T, Wang X. Ultrafine V 2O 5-anchored 3D N-doped carbon nanocomposite with augmented dual-enzyme mimetic activity for evaluating total antioxidant capacity. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1252:341072. [PMID: 36935159 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) can be evaluated by detecting the content of antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid, based on the enzyme-mimetic activity of nanomaterials. Herein, we fabricated a 3D-V2O5/NC nanocomposite using a self-templating strategy, which achieved ultrafine particles (∼2.5 nm), a porous carbon layer, large specific surface area (152.4 m2/g), N-doping and heterogeneous structure. The strong catalytic activity of 3D-V2O5/NC resulted from the integrated effect between the ultrafine structure of V2O5 nanoparticles and the 3D porous nitrogen-doped carbon framework, effectively increasing the number of active sites. This nanozyme presented a higher catalytic activity than its components or precursors in the nanocomposite (e.g., VN/NC, NC, V2O5, and VO2/g-C3N4). ROS scavenging experiments confirmed that the dual enzyme-like activity of 3D-V2O5/NC (catalase-like and oxidase-like) resulted from their co-participation of ‧O2-, h+ and ‧OH, among which ‧O2- played a crucial role in the catalytic color reaction. By virtue of the 3D-V2O5/NC nanoenzyme activity and TMB as a chromogenic substrate, the mixed system of 3D-V2O5/NC + TMB + H2O2 provided a low detection limit (0.03 μM) and suitable recovery (93.0-109.5%) for AA. Additionally, a smartphone-based colorimetric application was developed employing "Thing Identify" software to evaluate TAC in beverages. The colorimetric sensor and smartphone-detection platform provide a better or comparable analytical performance for TAC assessment in comparison to commercial ABTS test kits. The newly developed smartphone-based colorimetric platform presents several prominent advantageous, such as low cost, simple/rapid operation, and feasibility for outdoor use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Yongli Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Randy A Dahlgren
- Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, UC, 95616, USA
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Jingjing Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Xuedong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
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22
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Sun T, Chen Q, Zhou Z, Li C, Yu T, Jiang C. A chemiluminescent reporter assisted by in-situ neutrophils for imaging O 2- at inflammatory sites. J Control Release 2023; 358:382-397. [PMID: 37100207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Precisely reporting the inflammatory microenvironment, which can provide important basis for disease diagnosis and progression determination, is always challenging. In this work, we develop a targeting peptide-conjugated chemiluminescent reporter (OFF), which can be recognized by in-situ circulated neutrophils once injected, and then transported to the inflamed tissues characterized with overexpressed superoxide anion (O2-), assisted by the chemotaxis natural of neutrophils. Subsequently, the chemiluminescent probe can particularly respond to O2- to release the caged photons (ON) for visualizing inflammatory diseases such as subcutaneous tumor, colorectal cancer peritoneal metastasis (CCPM), ear swelling and kidney failure. The chemiluminescent probe provides a reliable tool to early detect inflammation and precisely excise micrometastatic lesions under optical guidance. This study provides a potential approach for improving the performance of luminophore in advanced bioimaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Qinjun Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Teng Yu
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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23
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Wei H, Wang Y, Chen Q, Sun Y, Yue T, Dong B. Development of an Endoplasmic Reticulum-targeting Fluorescent Probe for the Imaging of Superoxide Anion in Living Cells. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:509-15. [PMID: 36449229 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03079-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Superoxide anion (O2•-) is an important reactive oxygen species (ROS), and plays critical roles in biological systems. ER stress has close relation with many metabolic diseases, and could lead to the abnormal production of ROS including O2•-. Herein, we present an ER-targeting probe (ER-Tf) for the detection of O2•- in living cells. The probe ER-Tf used triflate as the response site for O2•-, and employed p-methylbenzenesulfonamide as ER-targeting moiety. In response to O2•-, the triflate of the probe ER-Tf converted to hydroxyl group, providing strong blue emission under the excitation of ultraviolet light. The probe ER-Tf exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity to O2•-. Bioimaging experiments showed that the probe ER-Tf can be applied to detect O2•- at ER, and also demonstrated that rotenone could increase the generation of O2•- in living cells, while the O2•- level at ER showed no remarkable change during ferroptosis.
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24
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Ben-Sheleg A, Vonshak A. Photoacclimation of photosystem II photochemistry induced by rose Bengal and methyl viologen in Nannochloropsis oceanica. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:2205-15. [PMID: 36074327 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00289-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The photosynthetic apparatus is a major reactive oxygen species (ROS) proliferator, especially in high-light environments. The role of ROS in photoinhibition and photoacclimation mechanisms has been extensively explored, primarily in model plant species. However, little work has been performed on the topic in non-Archaeplastida organisms, such as the model heterokont species Nannochloropsis oceanica. To investigate the photoacclimation and damaging impact of singlet oxygen and superoxide anions on the photosynthetic apparatus of N. oceanica, we subjected cells to two doses of methyl viologen and rose bengal. Significant findings: Rose bengal (a singlet-oxygen photosensitizer) induced changes to the photosynthetic apparatus and PSII photochemistry mirroring high-light-acclimated cells, suggesting that singlet-oxygen signaling plays a role in the high-light acclimation of PSII. We further suggest that this singlet-oxygen pathway is mediated outside the plastid, given that rose bengal caused no detectable damage to the photosynthetic apparatus. Methyl viologen (a superoxide-anion sensitizer) induced an enhanced non-photochemical quenching response, similar to what occurs in high-light-acclimated cells. We propose that superoxide anions produced inside the plastid help regulate the high-light acclimation of photoprotective pathways.
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Zhang H, Du L, Wei Z, Wang X, Sojic N, Zhou X, Wang Z. Boosting the electrochemiluminescence of luminol-O 2 system by high-intensity focused ultrasound. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:8309-8315. [PMID: 36239751 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04365-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of luminol is a well-established methodology in analytical chemistry and bioimaging. Developing novel strategies to enhance the ECL signal of this model emitter is a challenging but rewarding task. In this work, we introduced the high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), as a pretreatment means and a non-invasive way to trigger and boost the ECL signal with a 40-fold significant enhancement in the luminol-O2 system without the addition of exogenous co-reactants. The superoxide anion (O2-•) generated in situ by HIFU was the key initiator for boosting the ECL emission as demonstrated in this study for the first time. This promising co-reactant-free strategy could find potential applications for ultrasensitive ECL detection in the analysis of complex biological entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Shandong, 266071, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Du
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Shandong, 266071, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhihao Wei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Shandong, 266071, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Shandong, 266071, Qingdao, China
| | - Neso Sojic
- Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, University of Bordeaux, 33607, Pessac, France
- Department of Chemistry, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, 454080
| | - Xin Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Shandong, 266071, Qingdao, China.
| | - Zonghua Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Shandong, 266071, Qingdao, China.
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26
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Perea-Domínguez XP, Mendoza-Espinoza JA, Solano González JM, Leyva-Morales JB, Espinosa-Alonso LG, Valdez-Morales M. Antioxidant and anti-proliferative activity of free, conjugates and bound phenolic compounds from tomato and industrial tomato by-product. J Food Sci Technol 2022; 59:2361-2369. [PMID: 35602438 PMCID: PMC9114191 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-021-05252-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-proliferative activity of different fractions of phenolic compounds from tomato and tomato by-product. Soluble free phenolics and bound phenolics (BP) fractions from saladette tomato and industrial tomato by-product as well as, conjugated acid-hydrolysable phenolics (AHP) and alkaline-hydrolysable phenolics (AKHP) from saladette tomato, grape tomato and industrial tomato by-product, were tested. The scavenging effects of phenolic fractions on superoxide anion were determined using the PMS-NADH-NBT system. The myoglobin protection ratios of samples against hydroxyl radical were evaluated and the anti-proliferative effects in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line were determined. AHP fraction from tomato by-product and AKHP fraction from grape and saladette tomato showed the highest inhibitory capacity of the superoxide anion (p ≤ 0.05). All samples had a myoglobin protection ratio from 30 to 50%. Regarding to cytotoxicity assays, all phenolic fractions from tomato by-product, as well as, BP, AHP, AKHP from saladette tomato and AHP from grape tomato showed important anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line (IC50 < 20 μg/mL). From the results, we can conclude that tomato and tomato by-product are a good source of natural compound with important antioxidant and anti-proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiomara Patricia Perea-Domínguez
- Doctorado en Sustentabilidad y Departamento de Salud-Licenciatura en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Unidad Regional Guasave, Av Universidad S/N, Fraccionamiento Villa Universidad, C.P. 81048 Guasave, Sinaloa México
| | - José Alberto Mendoza-Espinoza
- Colegio de Ciencias y Humanidades, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Casa Libertad. Ermita Iztapalapa 4263, Lomas de Zaragoza, C.P. 09620 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jesús Martin Solano González
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Los Mochis, Blvd Juan de Dios Bátiz and 20 de Noviembre, El Parque, C.P. 81250 Los Mochis, Sinaloa México
| | - José Belisario Leyva-Morales
- Lab. Alimentos Funcionales y Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-IPN Unidad Sinaloa, Blvd Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes 250, Guasave, Sin México
| | - Laura Gabriela Espinosa-Alonso
- Lab. Alimentos Funcionales y Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-IPN Unidad Sinaloa, Blvd Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes 250, Guasave, Sin México
| | - Maribel Valdez-Morales
- Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, CONACyT-Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CIIDIR-IPN Unidad Sinaloa, Lab. Alimentos Funcionales-Área de Metabolómica Agrícola, Blvd. Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes 250, Guasave, Sinaloa México
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27
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Li Z, Li S, Lv H, Shen J, He X, Peng B. BODIPY-based rapid response fluorescence probe for sensing and bioimaging endogenous superoxide anion in living cells. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2022; 269:120766. [PMID: 34952443 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The superoxide anion radical (O2-), a pernicious ROS in living cells, has long been recognized as an important cell signaling molecule involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes, including innate immunity and metabolic homeostasis. Here, we developed a new bodipy-based fluorescent probe for monitoring O2- based on the selective cleavage of phosphate bond in BODIPY-T by O2-, producing a high-brightness fluorescent BODIPY-COOH. The probe exhibits excellent selectivity for O2- with little interference from other ROS species. Fluorescence imaging of RAW264.7 cells also demonstrated successful detection of endogenous O2- changes in living cells, indicating that BODIPY-T is a potential probe for the diagnosis and study of the corresponding diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Li
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Saiqing Li
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Hanxiao Lv
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325000, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China.
| | - Xiaojun He
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Bo Peng
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325000, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China.
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28
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Ohtake T, Hirota M. Causes and countermeasure for blank absorbance increase in the ROS assay. J Toxicol Sci 2022; 47:109-116. [PMID: 35236802 DOI: 10.2131/jts.47.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay is an in chemico photoreactivity test listed in ICH S10 guideline and OECD Test Guideline No. 495. We currently utilize the ROS assay to assess the photosafety of cosmetic ingredients. We have recently confronted a problem that there was an absorbance increase of blank assessing superoxide anion generation after irradiation, whereas this did not occur in the negative control (sulisobenzone), leading to a dissatisfaction of the acceptance criteria. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the causes and find countermeasures. No significant effects of impurities and manufacturer differences of sodium phosphate and DMSO on blank absorbance increases were observed. In contrast, when Cu2+ was added to the buffer, the increase of blank absorbance after irradiation did not occur. We then confirmed the dose-response relationship and found that adding 0.1 μM of Cu2+ (corresponding to 6 ppb of Cu2+) was sufficient in suppressing the blank absorbance increase, suggesting the need of Cu2+ supplementation to the buffer. Finally, we confirmed that the ROS assay using the buffer supplemented with 0.1 μM of Cu2+ obtained stable test results by using 17 proficiency chemicals listed in TG 495. Our results suggest that the modified ROS assay protocol would be useful for obtaining stable test results.
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Yun Y, Lu Z, Jiao X, Xue P, Sun W, Qiao Y, Liu Y. Involvement of O 2·- release in zearalenone-induced hormesis of intestinal porcine enterocytes: An electrochemical sensor-based analysis. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 144:108049. [PMID: 35016067 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.108049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Relationship between mycotoxin-induced hormesis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) has not been systematically investigated due to the lack of an effective analysis method. To monitor cellular release and intracellular level of O2·-, carboxymethyl cellulose-Mn3(PO4)2 nanocomposite was synthesized to fabricate an electrochemical biosensor, which selectively detects O2·- over the range of 57.50 nM ∼ 2.95 μM (R2 = 0.99) with the sensitivity of 78.67 μA μM-1 cm-2 and the detection limit of 8.47 nM. Transient exposure to zearalenone (ZEA) induces the enhancement on cell viability, immediate O2·- release from cells, and reduction of intracellular O2·- level. After post-treatment culture, intracellular O2·- initially increases to a high level and then decreases to the normal level. Concurrently, the ZEA-induced hormesis disappears. Based on the findings, we propose a mechanism, involving the ROS release, increase of succinate dehydrogenase activity and recovery of intracellular ROS, to explain the occurrence and disappearance of hormesis in intestinal porcine enterocytes.
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30
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Pérez-Velasco R, Manzano-Sarabia M, Hurtado-Oliva MÁ. Effect of hypo- and hypersaline stress conditions on physiological, metabolic, and immune responses in the oyster Crassostrea corteziensis (Bivalvia: Ostreidae). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2022; 120:252-260. [PMID: 34848305 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Salinity in the oceans is changing due to climate change and global warming. Intense rainfalls and freshwater runoff decrease salinity along the coastal areas. In contrast, intense drought seasons and river damming have certainly increased salinity in lagoons and estuaries. Few studies have focused on aspects of the biology and culture of oyster Crassostrea corteziensis, but until now, physiological and immunological responses in this species have not been assessed under acute hypo- and hypersaline stress conditions. Oysters obtained from a local farm were acclimated for three weeks in laboratory conditions. To avoid closure of oyster valves during salinity induced-stress conditions, a notch was done on each organism shell not only to facilitate oyster tissue exposure to rearing water but also for sampling hemolymph. Oysters (N = 180) were abruptly exposed to three salinity treatments: (HO) hypo-, (C) control, and (HP) hypersaline stress conditions (10, 35, and 50 PSU, respectively). Four oysters per treatment were sampled at 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after exposure. Hemolymph osmolality, water content and total protein concentration in tissues, metabolic and immune responses were assessed for each organism. Oyster survival was not different among treatments and was maintained above 96% at the end of the experimental trial. Hemolymph osmolality reached the value of rearing water at 6 and 48 h of exposure to HP and HO stress conditions, where oysters exposed to salinity increase showed less resilience than those to decrease. Higher glucose levels in plasma and lower ones of hemocyanin were assessed in the oysters exposed to HP compared to HO conditions, suggesting more stressful conditions or susceptibility of oysters during salinity increase. Total hemocyte (THC), hyalinocyte (HC), and granulocyte (GC) counts decreased in oysters exposed to HP condition, while total and differential hemocyte counts were similar among oysters exposed to HO and control conditions. Despite hemocyte phagocytosis was not different among treatments, viability decreased in those exposed to HP condition. Contrastingly, superoxide anion (SOA) production (oxidative capacity) increased in oysters exposed to both induced salinity-stress conditions, which suggest susceptibility increase in oysters, particularly during salinity increase. The results show that HP condition is particularly stressful for C. corteziensis. In turn, this condition could increase both their vulnerability to other environmental stressors, such as temperature and/or acidification or susceptibility to opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms that cause the most common oyster diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Pérez-Velasco
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Claussen s/n, 82000, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Marlenne Manzano-Sarabia
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Claussen s/n, 82000, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel Hurtado-Oliva
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Claussen s/n, 82000, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
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31
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Zhang Y, Tang J, Li N, Tao J, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ye Y, Zheng Q, Xu T, Liu Y, Zhang P, Li L, Li H, He Y, Su H, He Q, Sun M, Xu Z. Prenatal hypoxia induced ET BR activation and abnormal ROS signalling in pulmonary artery cells of rat offspring. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 105:91-100. [PMID: 34478853 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a progressive disorder characterized by remodeling and increased small pulmonary arteries resistance. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) was related to PAH and ET-1 receptors were up-regulated selectively in the lung when exposed to toxic factor hypoxia. However, the role of ET-1 signaling in the pathogenesis of prenatal hypoxia-induced pulmonary abnormalities remains to be elucidated. Pregnant rats were divided into prenatal hypoxia (10.5 % O2 from gestational day 4-21) and control group. Their three-month-old offspring male rats were tested for vascular functions and molecular analysis, DNA methylation was assessed for cellular hypoxia. Functional testing showed that ET-1-mediated vasoconstriction was enhanced, and the expressions of endothelin A receptor/B receptor (ETAR/ETBR), inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 1, and the sensitivity of calcium channels were increased in the small pulmonary arteries following prenatal hypoxia. q-PCR and DHE staining showed that the expressions of NADPH oxidase 1/4 (Nox1/4) were up-regulated, along with the increased production of superoxide anion. Furthermore, superoxide anion promoted ET-1-mediated pulmonary artery contraction. In the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell experiments, q-PCR, Western Blot, CCK8 and DHE staining showed that the expressions of ETBR, Nox1/4, and superoxide anion were increased by hypoxia, along with promoted cell proliferation. 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy reversed hypoxia-induced cell proliferation. ETBR antagonist BQ788 inhibited hypoxia-increased expressions of Nox1/4, superoxide anion production, and proliferation of cells. Moreover, methylation analysis indicated that hypoxia decreased the methylation levels of the ETBR promoter in the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. The results indicated that prenatal toxic factor hypoxia resulted in abnormal ETBR activation, which enhanced ET-1-mediated vasoconstriction of pulmonary arteries and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation through ETBR/Nox1/4-derived ROS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Wuxi Maternal & Child Health Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Na Li
- Wuxi Maternal & Child Health Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianying Tao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Wuxi Maternal & Child Health Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Wuxi Maternal & Child Health Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiutong Zheng
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Pengjie Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yun He
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Su
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qinyuan He
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Wuxi Maternal & Child Health Hospital, Jiangsu, China.
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Teranishi K. Non-invasive and accurate readout of superoxide anion in biological systems by near-infrared light. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1179:338827. [PMID: 34535266 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Infectious and inflammatory diseases involve superoxide anion (O2•-) production. Real-time and non-invasive evaluation of O2•- in intact biological systems has been a significant challenge in biology and medicine. Here, I report that an advanced near-infrared chemiluminescent probe, MCLA-800, enables reliable non-invasive optical readout of O2•-ex vivo and in vivo. MCLA-800 allowed highly selective and sensitive monitoring of O2•- in undiluted human whole blood ex vivo. For the first time, the use of MCLA-800 revealed two reproducible types of O2•- production in response to stimulation by unopsonized zymosan particles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, that is, slow response (S-type) and fast response (F-type), specific to each individual. O2•- production was synchronized with myeloperoxidase (MPO) activation in the former type but not in the latter. Moreover, as new findings, MCLA-800 chemiluminescence demonstrated that the chemiluminescence intensity-time properties of formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)- or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced O2•- production and MPO activity were independent of S- and F-type zymosan-induced MCLA-800 chemiluminescence whole blood and that PMA-induced MPO activation synchronized with PMA-induced O2•- production in S- and F-type zymosan-induced MCLA-800 chemiluminescence whole blood, but fMLP-induced MPO activation did not synchronize with fMLP-induced O2•- production in both of S- and F-type blood. Furthermore, MCLA-800 spatiotemporally allowed non-invasive and clear in vivo imaging of O2•- in animal models of acute dermatitis and focal arthritis. Therefore, MCLA-800 could be possibly applied in various advanced diagnostic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Teranishi
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
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Tsaplev YB, Trofimov AV. Potassium superoxide as an intricate source of superoxide anion. Elucidating the composition of its samples in dimethyl sulfoxide by reactions with (5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphinato)manganese(III) chloride and curcumin. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 251:119425. [PMID: 33453597 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The fundamentals and approbation of the new spectral assay for superoxide anion and KOH (inevitable impurity in KO2 preparations) in a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution of potassium superoxide (KO2), a widely used source of superoxide anion in diverse chemical and biochemical studies, are disclosed. To assess the concentration of superoxide anion and KOH, it was proposed to use (5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphinato)manganese(III) chloride as a spectrophotometric probe for superoxide anion and curcumin for the determination of KOH based on recently acquired spectral properties of curcumin in alkaline DMSO. We have found that the prepared solutions generate superoxide anion in the concentration of 1.7 mM and contain KOH in the concentration of 3 mM, which is close to the saturated concentration in anhydrous DMSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurii B Tsaplev
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Kosygina 4, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Aleksei V Trofimov
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Kosygina 4, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Institutskii per. 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation.
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Kwun MS, Yun J, Lee DG. Indole-3-carbinol induces apoptosis-like death in Escherichia coli on different contribution of respective reactive oxygen species. Life Sci 2021; 275:119361. [PMID: 33774022 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is a natural compound derived from brassica vegetables, displaying antibacterial activity. The study aims to elucidate the antibacterial mode of action(s) induced by indole-3-carbionol in Escherichia coli and enhance the understandings on the respective contribution of each reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical (OH-) during the process. MAIN METHODS The antibacterial activity of I3C was assessed through kinetic assay. The generation of ROS was measured by flow cytometer using H2DCFDA dye, while further analysis of respective contribution was done through application of each scavenger: tiron, thiourea and sodium pyruvate. DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation were observed by TUNEL and DAPI staining agent. Finally, Annexin V/PI, FITC-VAD-FMK and DiBAC4(3) was applied for detection of apoptosis-like death. KEY FINDINGS I3C exhibited antibacterial activity in E. coli through accumulation of ROS and DNA damage, eventually leading to apoptosis-like death. Contribution of each ROS displayed respective manner, OH- exerting the most potent influence whereas O2- showed least impact. SIGNIFICANCE Our study is the first to link I3C to the bacterial apoptosis-like death and displays the potential of this agent as a candidate for potential drugs that could help regulating the E. coli, an opportunistic human pathogen. Moreover, the study focused on investigating the individual contribution of each ROS during the process, trying to enhance the understanding regarding ROS and cellular processes followed by oxidative stress in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Seok Kwun
- School of Life Sciences, BK 21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - JiEun Yun
- School of Life Sciences, BK 21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Gun Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK 21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Chang YH, Shu-Yen F, Lai HY, Hwang TL, Hung HY. The study on structure-activity relationship between chromone derivatives and inhibition of superoxide anion generating from human neutrophils. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 36:127822. [PMID: 33508463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Over activation of neutrophils has been linked to many inflammatory diseases; one of critical pathologic mechanisms is that generation and exocellular release of superoxide anion from neutrophils results in peripheral tissues damage. Besides, in this study, 2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenoxy)-5,7-dimethoxy-chromen-4-one (4), a 2-phexnoychromone from our compound bank, was demonstrated to have the moderate inhibitory effect on superoxide anion generating. Therefore, serial chromones substituted with phenols or 3-flourothiophenol were designed, synthesized, and examined for suppression of superoxide anion generation. In accordance with the results, the methoxy group at 7 position (R3) of the chromone, as well as a hydrogen bond donor at a meta site of the phenyl ring greatly impacted on the activity. 2-(3-fluorophenyl)sulfanyl-7-methoxy-chromen-4-one (16), a successful example of bioisosteres from a phenol to a thiophenol, exhibited prominent anti-inflammatory effects with the IC50 value against superoxide anion generation of 5.0 ± 1.4 μM.
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36
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Weldemichael DM, Zhou K, Su SJ, Zhao L, Marchisio MA, Bureik M. Futile cycling by human microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes within intact fission yeast cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 701:108791. [PMID: 33592181 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Human cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs or P450s) are known to be reduced by their electron transfer partners in the absence of substrate and in turn to reduce other acceptor molecules such as molecular oxygen, thereby creating superoxide anions (O2-•). This process is known as futile cycling. Using our previously established fission yeast expression system we have monitored cells expressing each one of the 50 human microsomal CYPs in the absence of substrate for oxidation of dihydroethidium in living cells by flow cytometry. It was found that 38 of these display a statistically significant increase in O2-• production. More specifically, cells expressing some CYPs were found to be intermediate strength O2-• producers, which means that their effect was comparable to that of treatment with 3 mM H2O2. Cells expressing other CYPs had an even stronger effect, with those expressing CYP2B6, CYP5A1, CYP2A13, CYP51A1, or CYP1A2, respectively, being the strongest producers of O2-•.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawit M Weldemichael
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Shi-Jia Su
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Mario Andrea Marchisio
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Matthias Bureik
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China.
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Ren X, Wang M, Wang Y, Huang A. Superoxide anion generation response to wound in Arabidopsis hypocotyl cutting. Plant Signal Behav 2021; 16:1848086. [PMID: 33210579 PMCID: PMC7849726 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1848086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cutting is a frequently used model to study the process of adventitious root formation, and excision of cuttings leads to rapid wound response signaling. We recently showed that as a wound signal, reactive oxygen species (ROS, mainly hydrogen peroxide) participate in adventitious root induction of hypocotyl cuttings through regulation of auxin biosynthesis and transport. Here, superoxide anion (O2-•), an early type of ROS, exhibited rapid burst at the cutting site immediately in response to wounding in Arabidopsis hypocotyl cuttings. Diphenylene iodonium chloride (DPI, inhibitor of NADPH oxidase) overwhelmingly suppressed O2-• propagation through the hypocotyl. Compared to wild type, O2-• burst only occur in cut base, and upward transduction were inhibited completely in NADPH oxidase mutant AtRbohD. These results indicate O2-• generation and propagation in response to wound and via NADPH oxidase in adventitious root induction of hypocotyl cuttings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufang Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mengfang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yongshun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Aixia Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
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38
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Yefimova SL, Maksimchuk PO, Hubenko KO, Omielaieva VV, Kavok NS, Klochkov VK, Malyukin YV, Semynozhenko VP. Light-triggered redox activity of GdYVO 4:Eu 3+ nanoparticles. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2020; 242:118741. [PMID: 32736222 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Light-triggered redox activity of small (d = 2 nm) GdYVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles (NPs) in aqueous solutions and lipid suspensions is reported. It has been revealed that depending on pre-treatment conditions (exposure to UV light or storage in the dark) the same NPs exhibit pro- or anti-oxidant properties. Pro-/anti-oxidant activity in aqueous solutions was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy using probe molecules for hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and superoxide anions (O2•-). Lipid oxidation under the effect of NPs has been also analyzed. Multi-functional GdYVO4:Eu3+ NPs are assumed to be a new theranostic agent in cancer therapy, which exhibit fluorescent properties, triggered redox activity and drug-carrier ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Yefimova
- Institute for Scintillation Materials National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., 61072 Kharkiv, Ukraine.
| | - P O Maksimchuk
- Institute for Scintillation Materials National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., 61072 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - K O Hubenko
- Institute for Scintillation Materials National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., 61072 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - V V Omielaieva
- Institute for Scintillation Materials National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., 61072 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - N S Kavok
- Institute for Scintillation Materials National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., 61072 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - V K Klochkov
- Institute for Scintillation Materials National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., 61072 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Yu V Malyukin
- Institute for Scintillation Materials National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., 61072 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - V P Semynozhenko
- SSI "Institute for Single Crystal" National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., 61072 Kharkiv, Ukraine
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Nakagawa K, Itoya M, Takemoto N, Matsuura Y, Tawa M, Matsumura Y, Ohkita M. Indoxyl sulfate induces ROS production via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-NADPH oxidase pathway and inactivates NO in vascular tissues. Life Sci 2021; 265:118807. [PMID: 33232689 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (IS) was reported to be the cause of cardiovascular disease associated with chronic kidney disease. Therefore, we evaluated the direct influences of IS on vascular function, focusing on the superoxide anion (O2-) and nitric oxide (NO)/soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) pathways. MAIN METHODS Isolated rat thoracic aortas with and without vascular endothelium were incubated with IS for 4 h in a physiological solution. In some experiments, several inhibitors were treated 30 min before the addition of IS. O2- production was measured by the chemiluminescence method, and the vascular reactivity to different vasorelaxants was examined using organ chamber technique. KEY FINDINGS 1) Experiments using endothelium-intact vascular rings: IS significantly increased O2- production. The increase was suppressed by addition of the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin, the antioxidant ascorbic acid and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) inhibitor CH223191. Furthermore, IS attenuated the acetylcholine (ACh)-induced vasorelaxantion, which was suppressed by addition of the above drugs. 2) Experiments using endothelium-denuded vascular rings: IS significantly increased O2- production and also attenuated sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced vasorelaxation. These influences of IS were normalized only by ascorbic acid addition. On the other hand, IS did not affect the vasorelaxation by the sGC stimulator BAY 41-2272. SIGNIFICANCE This study suggested that IS causes O2- production in vascular tissues, thereby attenuating ACh- and SNP-induced vasorelaxation, probably through NO inactivation. Furthermore, it is reasonable to consider that IS-promoted O2- production in the presence of vascular endothelium is through binding to AhR and the activation of NADPH oxidase.
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Ray A, Gautam A, Das S, Pal K, Das S, Karmakar P, Ray M, Ray S. Effects of copper oxide nanoparticle on gill filtration rate, respiration rate, hemocyte associated immune parameters and oxidative status of an Indian freshwater mussel. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 237:108855. [PMID: 32781292 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Waterbodies of India support a wide range of molluscs including Lamellidens marginalis, a pearl forming edible mussel of ecological significance. Report of copper oxide nanoparticle toxicity in Indian molluscs is limited in scientific literature. L. marginalis is a gill respiring filter feeder, which is toxicologically vulnerable to exposure of copper oxide nanoparticles liberated from electrical, textile and polymer industries. Experimental exposure of copper oxide nanoparticles for 7 days yielded a decrease in gill filtration rate, respiration rate, total count and phagocytic response of hemocytes, the chief immunoeffector cells of L. marginalis. Nanoparticle exposure resulted in decrease of phagocytic response of mussel hemocytes. Decrease in nitric oxide generation and phenoloxidase activity were recorded in L. marginalis exposed to 0.5, 1 and 5 mg copper oxide nanoparticles per litre of water for 7 and 14 days. Superoxide anion generation in hemocytes was increased under the exposure of copper oxide nanoparticles. Increase in superoxide anion and decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were indicative to oxidative stress in mussels. Copper oxide nanoparticle induced shift in filtration and respiration rate along with the hemocyte associated immune parameters were suggestive to an acute immunophysiological stress in L. marginalis. We estimated the functional performance of gill and physiological status of aquatic respiration in L. marginalis exposed to copper oxide nanoparticles. A parallel set of estimation of each parameter was carried out in L. marginalis exposed to identical copper sulphate concentrations to record and compare the ionic toxicity of copper in the same specimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Ray
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Arunodaya Gautam
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Santanu Das
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Kunal Pal
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188 Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhadeep Das
- Semiochemicals and Lipid Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Parimal Karmakar
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188 Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Mitali Ray
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Sajal Ray
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India.
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Serfaty X, Lefrançois P, Houée-Levin C, Arbault S, Baciou L, Bizouarn T. Impacts of vesicular environment on Nox2 activity measurements in vitro. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1865:129767. [PMID: 33141062 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The production of superoxide anions (O2•-) by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase complex has a crucial role in the destruction of pathogens in innate immunity. Majority of in vitro studies on the functioning of NADPH oxidase indirectly follows the enzymatic reaction by the superoxide reduction of cytochrome c (cyt c). Only few reports mention the alternative approach consisting in measuring the NADPH consumption rate. When using membrane vesicles of human neutrophils, the enzyme specific activity is generally found twice higher by monitoring the NADPH oxidation than by measuring the cyt c reduction. Up to now, the literature provides only little explanations about such discrepancy despite the critical importance to quantify the exact enzyme activity. METHODS We deciphered the reasons of this disparity in studying the role of key parameters, including. cyt c and arachidonic acid concentrations, in conjunction with an ionophore, a detergent and using Clark electrode to measure the O2 consumption rates. RESULTS Our results show that the O2•- low permeability of the vesicle membrane as well as secondary reactions (O2•- and H2O2 disproportionations) are strong clues to shed light on this inconsistency. CONCLUSION AND GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE These results altogether indicate that the cyt c reduction method underestimates the accurate Nox2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Serfaty
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Pauline Lefrançois
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, CNRS UMR 5255, NSysA group, ENSCBP, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Chantal Houée-Levin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Stéphane Arbault
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, CNRS UMR 5255, NSysA group, ENSCBP, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Laura Baciou
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Tania Bizouarn
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, 91405, Orsay, France.
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Yue W, Huihui Z, Jiechen W, Hancheng Z, Guoqiang H, Dan H, Fuwen Y, Meichun Z, Yanhui C, Zhiyuan T, Guanjun L, Guangyu S. Elevated NO 2 damages the photosynthetic apparatus by inducing the accumulation of superoxide anions and peroxynitrite in tobacco seedling leaves. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 196:110534. [PMID: 32247242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to further understand the toxicity of high concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) to plants, especially to plant photosynthesis. Tobacco plants in the six-leaf stage were exposed to 16.0 μL L-1 NO2 to determine the activities of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) reaction centers, the blocking site of PSII electron transport, the degree of membrane peroxidation and the relative expression of PsbA, PsbO and PsaA genes in the third fully expanded leaves by using gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence techniques, biochemical and RT-PCR analysis. The results showed that 16.0 μL L-1 NO2 caused necrotic lesions to form on leaves and significantly increased the generation rate of superoxide anions (O2-) and the content of peroxynitrite (ONOO-) in leaves of tobacco seedling, leading to damage to cell membrane, chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate reduction, and photosynthetic apparatus destruction. Fumigation with 16.0 μL L-1 NO2 decreased the activity of PSII reaction center and oxygen evolution complex, and the relative expression of PabA in leaves of tobacco seedlings to inhibit the electron transport from the donor side to the receptor side of PSII, especially blocking the electron transport from QA to QB on the receptor side. The activity of the PSI reaction center and the relative expression of PsaA decreased, weakening the ability to accept electrons and inhibiting the electron transfer from PSII to PSI, which further increased the damage of PSII of tobacco seedling leaves caused by 16.0 μL L-1 NO2. Therefore, 16.0 μL L-1 NO2 leaded to the accumulation of O2- and ONOO-, which damaged the cell membrane and thylakoid membrane, inhibit the electron transport, and destroyed the photosynthetic apparatus in leaves of tobacco seedlings. The results from this study emphasized the importance of reducing the NO2 concentration in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yue
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhang Huihui
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wang Jiechen
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhao Hancheng
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - He Guoqiang
- Mudanjang Institute of Tobacco Science, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huang Dan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Fuwen
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhao Meichun
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Che Yanhui
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Teng Zhiyuan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Liu Guanjun
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Sun Guangyu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Piacentini D, Ronzan M, Fattorini L, Della Rovere F, Massimi L, Altamura MM, Falasca G. Nitric oxide alleviates cadmium- but not arsenic-induced damages in rice roots. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 151:729-742. [PMID: 32353678 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has signalling roles in plant stress responses. Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) soil pollutants alter plant development, mainly the root-system, by increasing NO-content, triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS), and forming peroxynitrite by NO-reaction with the superoxide anion. Interactions of NO with ROS and peroxynitrite seem important for plant tolerance to heavy metal(oid)s, but the mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Our goal was to investigate NO-involvement in rice (Oryza sativa L.) root-system after exposure to Cd or As, to highlight possible differences in NO-behaviour between the two pollutants. To the aim, morpho-histological, chemical and epifluorescence analyses were carried out on roots of different origin in the root-system, under exposure to Cd or As, combined or not with sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO-donor compound. Results show that increased intracellular NO levels alleviate the root-system alterations induced by Cd, i.e., inhibition of adventitious root elongation and lateral root formation, increment in lignin deposition in the sclerenchyma/endodermis cell-walls, but, even if reducing As-induced endodermis lignification, do not recover the majority of the As-damages, i.e., enhancement of AR-elongation, reduction of LR-formation, anomalous tissue-proliferation. However, NO decreases both Cd and As uptake, without affecting the pollutants translocation-capability from roots to shoots. Moreover, NO reduces the Cd-induced, but not the As-induced, ROS levels by triggering peroxynitrite production. Altogether, results highlight a different behaviour of NO in modulating rice root-system response to the toxicity of the heavy metal Cd and the metalloid As, which depends by the NO-interaction with the specific pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Piacentini
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - M Ronzan
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - L Fattorini
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - F Della Rovere
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - L Massimi
- Department of Chemistry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - M M Altamura
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - G Falasca
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.
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Hernández-Méndez LS, Castro-Longoria E, Araujo-Palomares CL, García-Esquivel Z, Castellanos-Martínez S. Hemocyte cell types of the Cortes Geoduck, Panopea globosa (Dall 1898), from the Gulf of California, Mexico. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 100:230-237. [PMID: 32169664 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The geoduck Panopea globosa is an endemic and economic valuable species from the Mexican Northwest coast whose biology has been little studied. No information exists about their hemocytes to date, which is highly important to assess the welfare of wild and cultured organisms. In this study, hemocytes of adult P. globosa were characterized at the morphological, ultrastructural and functional level. The mean number of hemocytes in the hemolymph of P. globosa was 6 × 105 ± 2 × 105 cells mL-1. The cells were identified as granulocytes (Gr) and hyalinocytes (H). The former accounted for 28% of adhered cells in the hemolymph, measured 6-18 μm, showed numerous basophilic granules in the cytoplasm, with round and eccentric nuclei, and a nucleus:cytoplasm ratio of 0.44 ± 0.01. Hyalinocytes were the most abundant cells in the hemolymph of P. globosa (72% adhered cells) and were subdivided, according to their size, in small (Hs) 4-12 μm and large (HL) 6-18 μm. Hyalinocytes were eosinophilic round or ovoid cells with a central or eccentric nucleus, few or no granules in the cytoplasm and similar nucleus:cytoplasm ratio (Hs: 0.63 and HL: 061). Lysosomes and lipids were observed in Gr, while carbohydrates were the most abundant energy substrate in H. Both hemocytic cell types, mainly Gr, were capable to ingest particles and yield superoxide (P > 0.05). The present study shows for the first time the cell types, abundance and immune activities of hemocytes present in the hemolymph of P. globosa. This information provides a useful baseline to carry out further research on the cellular immune response of the clam to potential pathogens or changes in environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Hernández-Méndez
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3917, Fraccionamiento Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - E Castro-Longoria
- Departamento de Microbiología, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - C L Araujo-Palomares
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3917, Fraccionamiento Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Z García-Esquivel
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3917, Fraccionamiento Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - S Castellanos-Martínez
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3917, Fraccionamiento Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
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Cucci MA, Grattarola M, Dianzani C, Damia G, Ricci F, Roetto A, Trotta F, Barrera G, Pizzimenti S. Ailanthone increases oxidative stress in CDDP-resistant ovarian and bladder cancer cells by inhibiting of Nrf2 and YAP expression through a post-translational mechanism. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 150:125-135. [PMID: 32101771 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemoresistance represents one of the main obstacles in treating several types of cancer, including bladder and ovarian cancers, and it is characterized by an increase of cellular antioxidant potential. Nrf2 and YAP proteins play an important role in increasing chemoresistance and in inducing antioxidant enzymes. It has been reported that Ailanthone (Aila), a compound extracted from the Ailanthus Altissima, has an anticancer activity toward several cancer cell lines, including chemoresistant cell lines. We have examined the effect of Aila on proliferation, migration and expression of Nrf2 and YAP proteins in A2780 (CDDP-sensitive) and A2780/CP70 (CDDP-resistant) ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, to clarify the mechanism of Aila action we extended our studies to sensitive and CDDP-resistant 253J-BV bladder cancer cells, which have been used in a previous study on the effect of Aila. Results demonstrated that Aila exerted an inhibitory effect on growth and colony formation of sensitive and CDDP-resistant ovarian cancer cells and reduced oriented cell migration with higher effectiveness in CDDP resistant cells. Moreover, Aila strongly reduced Nrf2 and YAP protein expression and reduced the expression of the Nrf2 target GSTA4, and the YAP/TEAD target survivin. In CDDP-resistant ovarian and bladder cancer cells the intracellular oxidative stress level was lower with respect to the sensitive cells. Moreover, Aila treatment further reduced the superoxide anion content of CDDP-resistant cells in correlation with the reduction of Nrf2 and YAP proteins. However, Aila treatment increased Nrf2 and YAP mRNA expression in all cancer cell lines. The inhibition of proteolysis by MG132, a proteasoma inhibitor, restored Nrf2 and YAP protein expressions, suggesting that the Aila effect was at post-translational level. In accordance with this observation, we found an increase of the Nrf2 inhibitor Keap1, a reduction of p62/SQSTM1, a Nrf2 target which leads Keap1 protein to the autophagic degradation, and a reduction of P-YAP. Moreover, UCHL1 deubiquitinase expression, which was increased in bladder and ovarian resistant cells, was down-regulated by Aila treatment. In conclusion we demonstrated that Aila can reduce proliferation and migration of cancer cells through a mechanism involving a post translational reduction of Nrf2 and YAP proteins which, in turn, entailed an increase of oxidative stress particularly in the chemoresistant lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Angèle Cucci
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Margherita Grattarola
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Dianzani
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanna Damia
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri-IRCCS", Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ricci
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri-IRCCS", Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Roetto
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Trotta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Barrera
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefania Pizzimenti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy.
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Wang Q, Deng F, Zhu D. Superoxide anions modulate the effects of alarin in the paraventricular nucleus on sympathetic activity and blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Neuropeptides 2020; 80:102021. [PMID: 32033788 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptides are involved in the regulation of the sympathetic activity and blood pressure in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN). The present study was designed to determine how alarin modulates the renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), arterial blood pressure and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the PVN, and whether superoxide anions regulate the effects of alarin in the PVN of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Acute experiment was carried out with male Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and SHRs under anesthesia. RSNA, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and MAP were measured. Alarin microinjection into the PVN increased RSNA (7.8 ± 1.8 vs. 14.8 ± 2.3%), SBP (5.9 ± 1.4 vs. 12.1 ± 1.6 mmHg), DBP (5.1 ± 0.8 vs. 10.0 ± 1.1 mmHg), and MAP (5.4 ± 1.2 vs. 10.7 ± 1.3 mmHg) in WKY rats and SHRs,. Alarin antagonist ala6-25 Cys decreased RSNA, SBP, DBP, and MAP in SHRs, and inhibited the effects of alarin. The alarin level was increased in the PVN of SHR compared to WKY rats. (29.7 ± 4.9 vs. 14.6 ± 2.4 pg/mg protein). PVN microinjection of superoxide anion scavengers tempol and tiron, or NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor apocynin, decreased RSNA, SBP, DBP, and MAP in SHRs, and inhibited the effects of alarin, but the superoxide dismutase inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamic acid potentiated the effects of alarin. Superoxide anions and NAD(P)H oxidase activity levels in the PVN were increased by alarin, but decreased by alarin antagonist ala6-25 Cys. The alarin-induced increases in superoxide anions and NAD(P)H oxidase activity levels were abolished by pre-treatment with ala6-25 Cys. The results suggest that alarin in the PVN increases sympathetic outflow and blood pressure. The enhanced activity of endogenous alarin in the PVN contributes to sympathetic activation in hypertension, and the superoxide anion is involved in these alarin-mediated processes in the PVN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Pediatric Department, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanxin Deng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dawei Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Al-Sayed E, Ke TY, Hwang TL, Chen SR, Korinek M, Chen SL, Cheng YB. Cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects of lignans and diterpenes from Cupressus macrocarpa. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127127. [PMID: 32223924 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cupressus macrocarpa is a windbreak tree and is reported to have various cytotoxic effects. A natural product study on the leaves of C. macrocarpa has yielded ten secondary metabolites, including three new diterpenoids (1-3), four known diterpenoids (4-7), and three known lignans (8-10). The structures of all isolated compounds were elucidated via the interpretation of spectroscopic methods, especially 2D NMR and mass analyses. In the cytotoxic assays, compounds 1-3 and 7-10 showed inhibition effect against HepG2, MDA-MB-231, and A549 cells with IC50 values ranging from 0.004 to 19.9 μg/mL. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory assays revealed that (-)-matairesinol (8) had significant inhibitory activities on superoxide anion generation (IC50 = 2.7 ± 0.3 μM) and elastase release (IC50 = 6.6 ± 0.7 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Tzu-Yi Ke
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Center for Natural Product Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Rong Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Center for Natural Product Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Michal Korinek
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Center for Natural Product Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Bin Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Center for Natural Product Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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Salaverry LS, Parrado AC, Mangone FM, Dobrecky CB, Flor SA, Lombardo T, Sotelo AD, Saccodossi N, Rugna AZ, Blanco G, Canellada A, Rey-Roldán EB. In vitro anti-inflammatory properties of Smilax campestris aqueous extract in human macrophages, and characterization of its flavonoid profile. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 247:112282. [PMID: 31604138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Extracts of Smilax campestris Griseb (Smilacaceae) have been employed in the treatment of several inflammatory diseases as a traditional herbal medicine. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the observed effects remain elusive. Macrophages are known to play a central role in inflammatory responses. These cells are activated in response to a diversity of danger signals and produce several mediators of inflammation that eventually regulate the immune response. For all the above mentioned, scientific evidence is required to support the popular use of S. campestris. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of S. campestris aqueous extract (SME) in activated THP-1 human macrophages, on the production of some mediators of inflammation and oxidative stress in order to provide scientific support for its popular use. MATERIALS AND METHODS The characterization of SME was assessed by HPLC-MS/MS. The production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines was evaluated by ELISA. The activity of metalloproteases was evaluated by zymography. The subcellular localization of the NF-κB transcription factor was analysed by Western blot. The superoxide anion and glutathione levels were assessed by flow cytometry. The cytotoxicity induced by SME in THP-1 macrophages was also investigated by the LDH release test. RESULTS In the present study, we have identified catechin and glycosylated derivatives of quercetin (quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-galactoside, rutin and quercetin-3-rhamnoside) as major components of the aqueous SME. We found that SME significantly decreased the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor (TNF)- α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and the activity of the metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages derived from the monocytic cell line THP-1. Furthermore, SME diminished the expression of NF-κB p65 subunit in the nuclear fraction. In addition, SME decreased the production of superoxide anion in THP-1 macrophages, without altering the levels of reduced glutathione. CONCLUSION These results suggest that SME exerts its anti-inflammatory effects in human activated macrophages by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases and the NF-κB transcription factor pathway along with a reduction of oxidative stress mediators. Moreover, catechin and glycosylated derivatives of were identified by HPLC-MS/MS in SME. Our findings provide scientific support for the traditional use of the S. campestris extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana S Salaverry
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Dr. R.A. Margni (IDEHU), UBA-CONICET, Argentina.
| | - Andrea C Parrado
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Dr. R.A. Margni (IDEHU), UBA-CONICET, Argentina.
| | - Franco M Mangone
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Dr. R.A. Margni (IDEHU), UBA-CONICET, Argentina.
| | - Cecilia B Dobrecky
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Sabrina A Flor
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Argentina.
| | - Tomás Lombardo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Dr. R.A. Margni (IDEHU), UBA-CONICET, Argentina.
| | - Agustina D Sotelo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Natalia Saccodossi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Ana Z Rugna
- Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Juan A. Fernández, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Guillermo Blanco
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Dr. R.A. Margni (IDEHU), UBA-CONICET, Argentina.
| | - Andrea Canellada
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Dr. R.A. Margni (IDEHU), UBA-CONICET, Argentina.
| | - Estela B Rey-Roldán
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Dr. R.A. Margni (IDEHU), UBA-CONICET, Argentina.
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Lone MUD, Miyan J, Asif M, Malik SA, Dubey P, Singh V, Singh K, Mitra K, Pandey D, Haq W, Amita H, Singh PK, Kiess W, Kaessner F, Garten A, Bhadauria S. Direct physical interaction of active Ras with mSIN1 regulates mTORC2 signaling. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1236. [PMID: 31856761 PMCID: PMC6921532 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6422-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanistic (or mammalian) target of rapamycin (mTOR), a Ser/Thr kinase, associates with different subunits forming two functionally distinct complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, regulating a diverse set of cellular functions in response to growth factors, cellular energy levels, and nutrients. The mechanisms regulating mTORC1 activity are well characterized; regulation of mTORC2 activity, however, remains obscure. While studies conducted in Dictyostelium suggest a possible role of Ras protein as a potential upstream regulator of mTORC2, definitive studies delineating the underlying molecular mechanisms, particularly in mammalian cells, are still lacking. Methods Protein levels were measured by Western blotting and kinase activity of mTORC2 was analyzed by in vitro kinase assay. In situ Proximity ligation assay (PLA) and co-immunoprecipitation assay was performed to detect protein-protein interaction. Protein localization was investigated by immunofluorescence and subcellular fractionation while cellular function of mTORC2 was assessed by assaying extent of cell migration and invasion. Results Here, we present experimental evidence in support of the role of Ras activation as an upstream regulatory switch governing mTORC2 signaling in mammalian cancer cells. We report that active Ras through its interaction with mSIN1 accounts for mTORC2 activation, while disruption of this interaction by genetic means or via peptide-based competitive hindrance, impedes mTORC2 signaling. Conclusions Our study defines the regulatory role played by Ras during mTORC2 signaling in mammalian cells and highlights the importance of Ras-mSIN1 interaction in the assembly of functionally intact mTORC2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehraj-U-Din Lone
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Javed Miyan
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mohammad Asif
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Showkat A Malik
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Parul Dubey
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Varsha Singh
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Kavita Singh
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Sophisticated Analytical Instrumentation Facility, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Kalyan Mitra
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110025, India.,Electron Microscopy Unit, Sophisticated Analytical Instrumentation Facility, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Deepali Pandey
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Wahajul Haq
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Himanshi Amita
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Prince Kumar Singh
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Franziska Kaessner
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Garten
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Smrati Bhadauria
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110025, India.
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Wang C, Lan Y, Yuan F, Fereja TH, Lou B, Han S, Li J, Xu G. Chemiluminescent determination of L-cysteine with the lucigenin-carbon dot system. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 187:50. [PMID: 31848712 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3965-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This work describes a new chemiluminescence (CL) system that is composed of lucigenin and carbon dots (CDs). The CDs display absorption peak at 260 nm and fluorescence with a emission peak centered at 524 nm (photo-excited at 470 nm). They were synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of starch and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, UV-vis absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra. The effects of oxygen and free radical scavengers on the CL system and on the CL spectra were investigated to elucidate the CL mechanism. It is found that L-cysteine (Cys) enhances the blue CL of the lucigenin-CD system by 59%. The finding was used to design a method for the determination of Cys. CL increases linearly in the 10.0 to 100 μM Cys concentration range, and the detection limit is 8.8 μM (at an S/N ratio of 3). The assay is highly selective over other amino acids. Conceivably, this novel CL system paves the way to numerous new assays based on the use of lucigenin. Graphical abstractSchematic representation of the carbon dots enhanced lucigenin chemiluminesence.
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