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Michel EJS, Ponnala L, van Wijk KJ. Tissue-type specific accumulation of the plastoglobular proteome, transcriptional networks, and plastoglobular functions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:4663-4679. [PMID: 33884419 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plastoglobules are dynamic protein-lipid microcompartments in plastids enriched for isoprenoid-derived metabolites. Chloroplast plastoglobules support formation, remodeling, and controlled dismantling of thylakoids during developmental transitions and environmental responses. However, the specific molecular functions of most plastoglobule proteins are still poorly understood. This review harnesses recent co-mRNA expression data from combined microarray and RNA-seq information in ATTED-II on an updated inventory of 34 PG proteins, as well as proteomics data across 30 Arabidopsis tissue types from ATHENA. Hierarchical clustering based on relative abundance for the plastoglobule proteins across non-photosynthetic and photosynthetic tissue types showed their coordinated protein accumulation across Arabidopsis parts, tissue types, development, and senescence. Evaluation of mRNA-based forced networks at different coefficient thresholds identified a central hub with seven plastoglobule proteins and four peripheral modules. Enrichment of specific nuclear transcription factors (e.g. Golden2-like) and support for crosstalk between plastoglobules and the plastid gene expression was observed, and specific ABC1 kinases appear part of a light signaling network. Examples of other specific findings are that FBN7b is involved with upstream steps of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and that ABC1K9 is involved in starch metabolism. This review provides new insights into the functions of plastoglobule proteins and an improved framework for experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena J S Michel
- School of Integrative Plant Sciences (SIPS), Section of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | | | - Klaas J van Wijk
- School of Integrative Plant Sciences (SIPS), Section of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Pralon T, Collombat J, Pipitone R, Ksas B, Shanmugabalaji V, Havaux M, Finazzi G, Longoni P, Kessler F. Mutation of the Atypical Kinase ABC1K3 Partially Rescues the PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION 6 Phenotype in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:337. [PMID: 32269582 PMCID: PMC7109304 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is an essential pathway providing the chemical energy and reducing equivalents that sustain higher plant metabolism. It relies on sunlight, which is an inconstant source of energy that fluctuates in both intensity and spectrum. The fine and rapid tuning of the photosynthetic apparatus is essential to cope with changing light conditions and increase plant fitness. Recently PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION 6 (PGR6-ABC1K1), an atypical plastoglobule-associated kinase, was shown to regulate a new mechanism of light response by controlling the homeostasis of photoactive plastoquinone (PQ). PQ is a crucial electron carrier existing as a free neutral lipid in the photosynthetic thylakoid membrane. Perturbed homeostasis of PQ impairs photosynthesis and plant acclimation to high light. Here we show that a homologous kinase, ABC1K3, which like PGR6-ABC1K1 is associated with plastoglobules, also contributes to the homeostasis of the photoactive PQ pool. Contrary to PGR6-ABC1K1, ABC1K3 disfavors PQ availability for photosynthetic electron transport. In fact, in the abc1k1/abc1k3 double mutant the pgr6(abc1k1) the photosynthetic defect seen in the abc1k1 mutant is mitigated. However, the PQ concentration in the photoactive pool of the double mutant is comparable to that of abc1k1 mutant. An increase of the PQ mobility, inferred from the kinetics of its oxidation in dark, contributes to the mitigation of the pgr6(abc1k1) photosynthetic defect. Our results also demonstrate that ABC1K3 contributes to the regulation of other mechanisms involved in the adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus to changes in light quality and intensity such as the induction of thermal dissipation and state transitions. Overall, we suggests that, besides the absolute concentration of PQ, its mobility and exchange between storage and active pools are critical for light acclimation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Pralon
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Institute Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Joy Collombat
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Institute Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Rosa Pipitone
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Institute Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Ksas
- Aix Marseille University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), UMR 7265, Biosciences et Biotechnologies Institute of Aix-Marseille, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | | | - Michel Havaux
- Aix Marseille University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), UMR 7265, Biosciences et Biotechnologies Institute of Aix-Marseille, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Giovanni Finazzi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agromique (INRA), Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble - Cell and Plant Physiology Laboratory (IRIG-LPCV), Grenoble, France
| | - Paolo Longoni
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Institute Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Paolo Longoni,
| | - Felix Kessler
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Institute Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Felix Kessler,
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Pralon T, Shanmugabalaji V, Longoni P, Glauser G, Ksas B, Collombat J, Desmeules S, Havaux M, Finazzi G, Kessler F. Plastoquinone homoeostasis by Arabidopsis proton gradient regulation 6 is essential for photosynthetic efficiency. Commun Biol 2019; 2:220. [PMID: 31240258 PMCID: PMC6586890 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0477-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthesis produces organic carbon via a light-driven electron flow from H2O to CO2 that passes through a pool of plastoquinone molecules. These molecules are either present in the photosynthetic thylakoid membranes, participating in photochemistry (photoactive pool), or stored (non-photoactive pool) in thylakoid-attached lipid droplets, the plastoglobules. The photoactive pool acts also as a signal of photosynthetic activity allowing the adaptation to changes in light condition. Here we show that, in Arabidopsis thaliana, proton gradient regulation 6 (PGR6), a predicted atypical kinase located at plastoglobules, is required for plastoquinone homoeostasis, i.e. to maintain the photoactive plastoquinone pool. In a pgr6 mutant, the photoactive pool is depleted and becomes limiting under high light, affecting short-term acclimation and photosynthetic efficiency. In the long term, pgr6 seedlings fail to adapt to high light and develop a conditional variegated leaf phenotype. Therefore, PGR6 activity, by regulating plastoquinone homoeostasis, is required to cope with high light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Pralon
- Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | | | - Paolo Longoni
- Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Gaetan Glauser
- Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Sciences, Chemical Analytical Service of the Swiss Plant Science Web, Neuchâtel Platform for Analytical Chemistry (NPAC), University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Ksas
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Cadarache, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7265, Institut de Biosciences et de Biotechnologies d’Aix-Marseille, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes Aix Marseille Université, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Joy Collombat
- Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Saskia Desmeules
- Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Michel Havaux
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Cadarache, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7265, Institut de Biosciences et de Biotechnologies d’Aix-Marseille, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes Aix Marseille Université, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Giovanni Finazzi
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, UMR 5168, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologie de Grenoble (BIG), CEA-Grenoble Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Felix Kessler
- Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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van Wijk KJ, Kessler F. Plastoglobuli: Plastid Microcompartments with Integrated Functions in Metabolism, Plastid Developmental Transitions, and Environmental Adaptation. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 68:253-289. [PMID: 28125283 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-043015-111737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plastoglobuli (PGs) are plastid lipoprotein particles surrounded by a membrane lipid monolayer. PGs contain small specialized proteomes and metabolomes. They are present in different plastid types (e.g., chloroplasts, chromoplasts, and elaioplasts) and are dynamic in size and shape in response to abiotic stress or developmental transitions. PGs in chromoplasts are highly enriched in carotenoid esters and enzymes involved in carotenoid metabolism. PGs in chloroplasts are associated with thylakoids and contain ∼30 core proteins (including six ABC1 kinases) as well as additional proteins recruited under specific conditions. Systems analysis has suggested that chloroplast PGs function in metabolism of prenyl lipids (e.g., tocopherols, plastoquinone, and phylloquinone); redox and photosynthetic regulation; plastid biogenesis; and senescence, including recycling of phytol, remobilization of thylakoid lipids, and metabolism of jasmonate. These functionalities contribute to chloroplast PGs' role in responses to stresses such as high light and nitrogen starvation. PGs are thus lipid microcompartments with multiple functions integrated into plastid metabolism, developmental transitions, and environmental adaptation. This review provides an in-depth overview of PG experimental observations, summarizes the present understanding of PG features and functions, and provides a conceptual framework for PG research and the realization of opportunities for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaas J van Wijk
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853;
| | - Felix Kessler
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland;
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Lohscheider JN, Río Bártulos C. Plastoglobules in algae: A comprehensive comparative study of the presence of major structural and functional components in complex plastids. Mar Genomics 2016; 28:127-136. [PMID: 27373732 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Plastoglobules (PG) are lipophilic droplets attached to thylakoid membranes in higher plants and green algae and are implicated in prenyl lipid biosynthesis. They might also represent a central hub for integration of plastid signals under stress and therefore the adaptation of the thylakoid membrane under such conditions. In Arabidopsis thaliana, PG contain around 30 specific proteins of which Fibrillins (FBN) and Activity of bc1 complex kinases (ABC1K) represent the majority with respect to both number and protein mass. However, nothing is known about the presence of PG in most algal species, which are responsible for about 50% of global primary production. Therefore, we searched the genomes of publicly available algal genomes for components of PG and the associated functional network in order to predict their presence and potential evolutionary conservation of physiological functions. We could identify homologous sequences for core components of PG, like FBN and ABC1K, in most investigated algal species. Furthermore, proteins at central and interesting positions within the PG functional coexpression network were identified. Phylogenetic sequence analysis revealed diversity within FBN and ABC1K sequences among algal species with complex plastids of the red lineage and large differences compared with green lineage species. Two types of FBN were detected that differ in their isoelectric point which seems to correlate with subcellular localization. Subgroups of FBN were shared between many investigated species and modeling of their 3D-structure implied a conserved structure. FBN and ABC1K are essential structural and functional components of PG. Their occurrence in investigated algal species suggests presence of PG therein and functions in prenyl lipid metabolism and adaptation of the thylakoid membrane that are conserved during evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens N Lohscheider
- Section of Plant Biology, School of Integrated Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Emerson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Sektion, Ecophysiology of Plants, Universität Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Carolina Río Bártulos
- Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Sektion, Ecophysiology of Plants, Universität Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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