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Hao L, Li S, Dai J, Wang L, Yan Z, Shi Y, Zheng M. Characterization and expression profiles of the ZmLBD gene family in Zea mays. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:554. [PMID: 38642178 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09483-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain (LBD) gene family is a family of plant-specific transcription factors (TFs) that are widely involved in processes such as lateral organ formation, stress response, and nutrient metabolism. However, the function of LBD genes in maize remains poorly understood. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, a total of 49 ZmLBD genes were identified at the genome-wide level of maize, they were classified into nine branches based on phylogenetic relationships, and all of them were predicted to be nuclear localized. The 49 ZmLBD genes formed eight pairs of segmental duplicates, and members of the same branches' members had similar gene structure and conserved motif composition. The promoters of ZmLBD genes contain multiple types of cis-acting elements. In addition, by constructing the regulatory network of ZmLBD and other genes and miRNAs, 12 and 22 ZmLBDs were found to be involved in the gene regulatory network and miRNA regulatory network, respectively. The expression pattern analysis suggests that ZmLBD genes may be involved in different biological pathways, and drought stress induced the expressions of two inbred lines. CONCLUSIONS The findings enhance our comprehension of the potential roles of the ZmLBD gene family in maize growth and development, which is pivotal for genetic enhancement and breeding efforts pertaining to this significant crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Hao
- Postdoctoral Work Station of Gansu Dunhuang Seed Group Co., Ltd, Jiuquan, 735000, Gansu, China
- Post-Doctoral Research Center of Biology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Qionghai Tropical Crops Service Center, Qionghai, 571400, Hainan, China
| | - Shifeng Li
- Research Institute of Gansu Dunhuang Seed Industry Group Co., Ltd, Jiuquan, 735000, Gansu, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Qionghai Tropical Crops Service Center, Qionghai, 571400, Hainan, China.
| | - Li Wang
- Dongfang Agricultural Service Center, Dongfang, 572600, Hainan, China.
| | - Zhibin Yan
- Research Institute of Gansu Dunhuang Seed Industry Group Co., Ltd, Jiuquan, 735000, Gansu, China
| | - Yunqiang Shi
- Suihua Branch of Agricultural Science of Heilongjiang Province, Suihua, 152000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Meiyu Zheng
- College of Agriculture and Hydraulic Engineering, Suihua University, Suihua, 152000, Heilongjiang, China
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2
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Ma Y, Zhong M, Li J, Jiang Y, Zhou X, Justice Ijeoma C, Tang X, Chen S, Cao S. Genome Identification and Evolutionary Analysis of LBD Genes and Response to Environmental Factors in Phoebe bournei. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12581. [PMID: 37628762 PMCID: PMC10454761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Phoebe bournei is nationally conserved in China due to its high economic value and positive effect on the ecological environment. P. bournei has an excellent wood structure, making it useful for industrial and domestic applications. Despite its importance, there are only a few studies on the lateral organ boundary domain (LBD) genes in P. bournei. The LBD gene family contributes to prompting rooting in multiple plant species and therefore supports their survival directly. To understand the LBD family in P. bournei, we verified its characteristics in this article. By comparing the sequences of Arabidopsis and identifying conserved domains and motifs, we found that there were 38 members of the LBD family in P. bournei, which were named PbLBD1 to PbLBD38. Through evolutionary analysis, we found that they were divided into two different populations and five subfamilies in total. The LBD gene family in P. bournei (Hemsl.) Yang species had two subfamilies, including 32 genes in Class I and 6 genes in Class II. It mainly consists of a Lateral Organ Boundary (LOB) conservative domain, and the protein structure is mostly "Y"-shaped. The gene expression pattern of the LBD gene family showed that the LBD genes were mainly expressed in lateral organs of plants, such as flowers and fruits. The response of LBD transcription factors to red and blue light was summarized, and several models of optogenetic expression regulation were proposed. The effect of regulatory mechanisms on plant rooting was also predicted. Moreover, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed that most PbLBDs were differentially expressed under cold, heat, drought, and salt stresses, indicating that PbLBDs might play different functions depending on the type of abiotic stress. This study provides the foundation for further research on the function of LBD in this tree species in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Ma
- International College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China (C.J.I.)
| | - Minchen Zhong
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jingshu Li
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yiming Jiang
- Horticultrue College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xuerong Zhou
- Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Agriculture Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;
| | - Chris Justice Ijeoma
- International College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China (C.J.I.)
| | - Xinghao Tang
- Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shipin Chen
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shijiang Cao
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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3
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Li K, Wei Y, Wang Y, Tan B, Chen S, Li H. Genome-Wide Identification of LBD Genes in Foxtail Millet ( Setaria italica) and Functional Characterization of SiLBD21. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087110. [PMID: 37108274 PMCID: PMC10138450 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-specific lateral organ boundaries domain (LBD) proteins play important roles in plant growth and development. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is one new C4 model crop. However, the functions of foxtail millet LBD genes are unknown. In this study, a genome-wide identification of foxtail millet LBD genes and a systematical analysis were conducted. A total of 33 SiLBD genes were identified. They are unevenly distributed on nine chromosomes. Among these SiLBD genes, six segmental duplication pairs were detected. The thirty-three encoded SiLBD proteins could be classified into two classes and seven clades. Members in the same clade have similar gene structure and motif composition. Forty-seven kinds of cis-elements were found in the putative promoters, and they are related to development/growth, hormone, and abiotic stress response, respectively. Meanwhile, the expression pattern was investigated. Most SiLBD genes are expressed in different tissues, while several genes are mainly expressed in one or two kinds of tissues. In addition, most SiLBD genes respond to different abiotic stresses. Furthermore, the function of SiLBD21, which is mainly expressed in roots, was characterized by ectopic expression in Arabidopsis and rice. Compared to controls, transgenic plants generated shorter primary roots and more lateral roots, indicating the function of SiLBD21 in root development. Overall, our study laid the foundation for further functional elucidation of SiLBD genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunjie Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yaning Wei
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Bin Tan
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Shoukun Chen
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Haifeng Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
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4
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Gombos M, Hapek N, Kozma-Bognár L, Grezal G, Zombori Z, Kiss E, Györgyey J. Limited water stress modulates expression of circadian clock genes in Brachypodium distachyon roots. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1241. [PMID: 36690685 PMCID: PMC9870971 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27287-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Organisms have evolved a circadian clock for the precise timing of their biological processes. Studies primarily on model dicots have shown the complexity of the inner timekeeper responsible for maintaining circadian oscillation in plants and have highlighted that circadian regulation is more than relevant to a wide range of biological processes, especially organ development and timing of flowering. Contribution of the circadian clock to overall plant fitness and yield has also long been known. Nevertheless, the organ- and species-specific functions of the circadian clock and its relation to stress adaptation have only recently been identified. Here we report transcriptional changes of core clock genes of the model monocot Brachypodium distachyon under three different light regimes (18:6 light:dark, 24:0 light and 0:24 dark) in response to mild drought stress in roots and green plant parts. Comparative monitoring of core clock gene expression in roots and green plant parts has shown that both phase and amplitude of expression in the roots of Brachypodium plants differ markedly from those in the green plant parts, even under well-watered conditions. Moreover, circadian clock genes responded to water depletion differently in root and shoot. These results suggest an organ-specific form and functions of the circadian clock in Brachypodium roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdolna Gombos
- Institute of Plant Biology, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nóra Hapek
- Institute of Plant Biology, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Institute of Biochemistry, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Kozma-Bognár
- Institute of Plant Biology, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Grezal
- Institute of Biochemistry, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Zombori
- Institute of Plant Biology, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Edina Kiss
- Institute of Plant Biology, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Györgyey
- Institute of Plant Biology, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.
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5
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Feng S, Shi J, Hu Y, Li D, Guo L, Zhao Z, Lee GS, Qiao Y. Genome-Wide Analysis of Soybean Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain Gene Family Reveals the Role in Phytophthora Root and Stem Rot. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:865165. [PMID: 35599907 PMCID: PMC9116278 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.865165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The plant-specific lateral organ boundaries (LOB) domain (LBD) proteins, a family of transcription factors, play important roles in plant growth and development, as well as in responses to various stresses. However, little is known about the functions of LBD genes in soybean (Glycine max). In this study, we investigated the evolution and classification of the LBD family in soybean by a phylogenetic tree of the LBD gene family from 16 species. Phylogenetic analysis categorized these proteins into two classes (Class I and Class II) with seven subgroups. Moreover, we found that all the 18 LBD ancestors in angiosperm were kept in soybean, common bean genomes, and genome-wide duplication, suggesting the main force for the expansion of LBD from common bean to soybean. Analysis of gene expression profiling data indicated that 16 GmLBD genes were significantly induced at different time points after inoculation of soybean plants (cv. Huachun 6) with Phytophthora sojae (P. sojae). We further assessed the role of four highly upregulated genes, GmLBD9, GmLBD16, GmLBD23, and GmLBD88, in plant defense in soybean hairy roots using the transient overexpression and knockdown assays. The results showed that GmLBD9 and GmLBD23 negatively regulate plant immunity against P. sojae, whereas GmLBD16 and GmLBD88 positively manipulate plant immunity against P. sojae. Collectively, our findings expand our knowledge of the origin and evolution of the GmLBD gene family in soybean and promote the potential application of these genes in soybean genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Feng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinxia Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongkang Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Die Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhibo Zhao
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Gang-Seob Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Yongli Qiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Wang Z, Zhang R, Cheng Y, Lei P, Song W, Zheng W, Nie X. Genome-Wide Identification, Evolution, and Expression Analysis of LBD Transcription Factor Family in Bread Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:721253. [PMID: 34539714 PMCID: PMC8446603 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.721253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The lateral organ boundaries domain (LBD) genes, as the plant-specific transcription factor family, play a crucial role in controlling plant architecture and stress tolerance. Although it has been thoroughly characterized in many species, the LBD family was not well studied in wheat. Here, the wheat LBD family was systematically investigated through an in silico genome-wide search method. A total of 90 wheat LBD genes (TaLBDs) were identified, which were classified into class I containing seven subfamilies, and class II containing two subfamilies. Exon-intron structure, conserved protein motif, and cis-regulatory elements analysis showed that the members in the same subfamily shared similar gene structure organizations, supporting the classification. Furthermore, the expression patterns of these TaLBDs in different types of tissues and under diverse stresses were identified through public RNA-seq data analysis, and the regulation networks of TaLBDs involved were predicted. Finally, the expression levels of 12 TaLBDs were validated by quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis and the homoeologous genes showed differential expression. Additionally, the genetic diversity of TaLBDs in the landrace population showed slightly higher than that of the genetically improved germplasm population while obvious asymmetry at the subgenome level. This study not only provided the potential targets for further functional analysis but also contributed to better understand the roles of LBD genes in regulating development and stress tolerance in wheat and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Pengzheng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Weining Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Australia-China Joint Research Centre for Abiotic and Biotic Stress Management in Agriculture, Horticulture and Forestry, Yangling, China
| | - Weijun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- *Correspondence: Weijun Zheng
| | - Xiaojun Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Xiaojun Nie
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7
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Fine mapping of a leaf flattening gene Bralcm through BSR-Seq in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis). Sci Rep 2020; 10:13924. [PMID: 32811880 PMCID: PMC7435182 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70975-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf flattening influences plant photosynthesis, thereby affecting product yield and quality. Here, we obtained a stably inherited leaf crinkled mutant (lcm), derived from the Chinese cabbage doubled haploid (DH) ‘FT’ line using EMS mutagenesis combined with isolated microspore culture. The crinkled phenotype was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene, namely Bralcm, which was preliminarily mapped to chromosome A01 by bulked segregant analysis RNA-seq, and further between markers SSRS-1 and IndelD-20 using 1,575 recessive homozygous individuals in F2 population by a map-based cloning method. The target region physical distance was 126.69 kb, containing 23 genes; the marker SSRMG-4 co-segregated with the crinkled trait. Further, we found SSRMG-4 to be located on BraA01g007510.3C, a homolog of AHA2, which encodes H+-ATPase2, an essential enzyme in plant growth and development. Sequence analysis indicated a C to T transition in exon 7 of BraA01g007510.3C, resulting in a Thr (ACT) to Ile (ATT) amino acid change. Genotyping revealed that the leaf crinkled phenotype fully co-segregated with this SNP within the recombinants. qRT-PCR demonstrated that BraA01g007510.3C expression in lcm mutant leaves was dramatically higher than that in wild-type ‘FT’. Thus, BraA01g007510.3C is a strong candidate gene for Bralcm, and AHA2 is possibly associated with leaf flattening in Chinese cabbage.
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Xie T, Zeng L, Chen X, Rong H, Wu J, Batley J, Jiang J, Wang Y. Genome-Wide Analysis of the Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain Gene Family in Brassica Napus. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11030280. [PMID: 32155746 PMCID: PMC7140802 DOI: 10.3390/genes11030280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant specific LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES (LOB)-domain (LBD) proteins belong to a family of transcription factors that play important roles in plant growth and development, as well as in responses to various stresses. However, a comprehensive study of LBDs in Brassica napus has not yet been reported. In the present study, 126 BnLBD genes were identified in B. napus genome using bioinformatics analyses. The 126 BnLBDs were phylogenetically classified into two groups and nine subgroups. Evolutionary analysis indicated that whole genome duplication (WGD) and segmental duplication played important roles in the expansion of the BnLBD gene family. On the basis of the RNA-seq analyses, we identified BnLBD genes with tissue or developmental specific expression patterns. Through cis-acting element analysis and hormone treatment, we identified 19 BnLBD genes with putative functions in plant response to abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. This study provides a comprehensive understanding on the origin and evolutionary history of LBDs in B. napus, and will be helpful in further functional characterisation of BnLBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.X.); (L.Z.); (X.C.); (H.R.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Lei Zeng
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.X.); (L.Z.); (X.C.); (H.R.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xin Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.X.); (L.Z.); (X.C.); (H.R.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hao Rong
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.X.); (L.Z.); (X.C.); (H.R.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.X.); (L.Z.); (X.C.); (H.R.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jacqueline Batley
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Jinjin Jiang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.X.); (L.Z.); (X.C.); (H.R.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-514-87997303
| | - Youping Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.X.); (L.Z.); (X.C.); (H.R.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
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Zhang X, He Y, He W, Su H, Wang Y, Hong G, Xu P. Structural and functional insights into the LBD family involved in abiotic stress and flavonoid synthases in Camellia sinensis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15651. [PMID: 31666570 PMCID: PMC6821796 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lateral organ boundaries domain (LBD) proteins are plant-specific transcription factors that play a crucial role in growth and development, as well as metabolic processes. However, knowledge of the function of LBD proteins in Camellia sinensis is limited, and no systematic investigations of the LBD family have been reported. In this study, we identified 54 LBD genes in Camellia sinensis. The expression patterns of CsLBDs in different tissues and their transcription responses to exogenous hormones and abiotic stress were determined by RNA-seq, which showed that CsLBDs may have diverse functions. Analysis of the structural gene promoters revealed that the promoters of CsC4H, CsDFR and CsUGT84A, the structural genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, contained LBD recognition binding sites. The integrative analysis of CsLBD expression levels and metabolite accumulation also suggested that CsLBDs are involved in the regulation of flavonoid synthesis. Among them, CsLOB_3, CsLBD36_2 and CsLBD41_2, localized in the nucleus, were selected for functional characterization. Yeast two-hybrid assays revealed that CsLBD36_2 and CsLBD41_2 have self-activation activities, and CsLOB_3 and CsLBD36_2 can directly bind to the cis-element and significantly increase the activity of the CsC4H, CsDFR and CsUGT84A promoter. Our results present a comprehensive characterization of the 54 CsLBDs in Camellia sinensis and provide new insight into the important role that CsLBDs play in abiotic and flavonoid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Zhang
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuqing He
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Wenda He
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hui Su
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Gaojie Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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10
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Gallé Á, Benyó D, Csiszár J, Györgyey J. Genome-wide identification of the glutathione transferase superfamily in the model organism Brachypodium distachyon. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2019; 46:1049-1062. [PMID: 31575388 DOI: 10.1071/fp19023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The detoxification of harmful metabolites can determine the effectiveness of plant stress responses. Scavenging some of these toxic stress by-products through the reduced form of glutathione is catalysed by members of the glutathione transferase (GST) enzyme superfamily. The involvement of these enzymes was studied in the model organism Brachypodium distachyon (L.)P.Beauv. Bd21 and in its derivative Bd21-3, a more drought tolerant line. Osmotic stress treatment resulted in a decrease in the water potential of both Brachypodium genotypes, the difference between the control and treated plant's ψw decreased by the last sampling day in Bd21-3, suggesting some degree of adaptation to the applied osmotic stress. Increased GST activity revealed a severe defence reaction against the harmful imbalance of the redox environment. Screening for the gene sequences led to the identification of 91 full-length or partial GST sequences. Although purple false brome has a relatively small genome, the number of identified GST genes was almost as high as the number predicted in wheat. The estimation of GST expression showed stress-induced differences: higher expression levels or the fast induction of BdGSTF8, BdGSTU35 and BdGSTU42 gene products presumably indicate a strong detoxification under osmotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Gallé
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; and Corresponding author.
| | - Dániel Benyó
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Jolán Csiszár
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Györgyey
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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