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Ndayishimiye JC, Nyirabuhoro P, Gao X, Chen H, Wang W, Mazei Y, Yang J. Community responses of testate amoebae (Arcellinida and Euglyphida) to ecological disturbance explained by contrasting assembly mechanisms in two subtropical reservoirs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 953:176058. [PMID: 39241884 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying the effects of ecological disturbance on aquatic ecosystems remain uncertain in subtropical regions. Here, we used a proxy-based approach to explore the community dynamics of testate amoebae (Arcellinida and Euglyphida) in two subtropical deep reservoirs (Tingxi and Shidou) in Xiamen, southeastern China, over a three-year period. Specifically, we employed drought and typhoon events recorded by weather station as proxies for ecological disturbance and chlorophyll-a estimated through fluorometry as a proxy for testate amoeba food. We addressed three questions: (1) Does typhoon-induced ecological disturbance affect the distribution patterns of testate amoebae in subtropical reservoirs? (2) Do typhoon- and drought-induced ecological disturbances affect the testate amoeba community across different water layers of subtropical reservoirs similarly? (3) Do stochastic or deterministic processes shaping the testate amoeba community over time exhibit similar patterns in different water layers of subtropical reservoirs? The typhoon-induced ecological disturbance resulted in pronounced shifts in the distribution patterns of testate amoebae, characterized by lower shell influx in surface waters (11-12 ind. mL-1 d-1) and higher shell influx in middle and bottom waters (12-22 ind. mL-1 d-1). The impact of typhoon-and drought-induced ecological disturbance was more pronounced in surface waters, and its pure explanation accounted for 29.5-35.5 % community variation in a variation partitioning analysis. The effect of stochastic processes revealed by the neutral model increased with water depths, accounting for 63.3-76.5 % of the community variation in the surface, 77.4-82.6 % in the middle, and 82.8-88.1 % in the bottom water. The effect of deterministic processes shown by the null model decreased with water depth and remained relatively low across all water layers. These results suggest contrasting patterns of assembly mechanisms underlying the testate amoeba community responses to ecological disturbance, with the balance perhaps shaped by water depth and the average water residence time in a reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Claude Ndayishimiye
- Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518172, China; Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Pascaline Nyirabuhoro
- Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518172, China; Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Huihuang Chen
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenping Wang
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China
| | - Yuri Mazei
- Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518172, China; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow 119991, Russia; A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Ave. 33, Moscow 117071, Russia
| | - Jun Yang
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Gao M, Sun J, Zheng Y, Lu T, Liu J. Daily dynamics of ground-dwelling invertebrate communities during and following an extreme high-temperature event in summer 2022, China. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306823. [PMID: 39178186 PMCID: PMC11343418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The recent increase in the frequency of extreme weather events and declining soil biodiversity in global agricultural ecosystems make it crucial to assess the daily dynamics of soil communities in fields. To elucidate the daily dynamics of ground-dwelling invertebrate communities, their communities were monitored temporally using infrared camera traps in field farmland during and following an extremely high-temperature (EHT) event in summer 2022 in Ningbo City, China. Nine taxa and 1,147 individuals of the ground-dwelling invertebrate community were photographed in the 176,256 images. There were no significant differences in the taxonomic richness and abundance of the total ground-dwelling invertebrate communities during and following the EHT event. The abundance of ants was significantly decreased following the EHT event, whereas the abundance of other taxa was not. Significantly daily dynamics and obvious differences between each day in taxonomic richness, abundance of ground-dwelling invertebrate community, and abundance of each taxon were not observed during and following the EHT event. The results of this study showed that the daily dynamics of richness and abundance of the ground-dwelling invertebrate community and the abundance of each taxon were not significant during and following the EHT event. Overall, this study provides a useful monitoring method to observe the daily dynamics of ground-dwelling invertebrates in field farmlands and suggests that the daily dynamics of soil fauna communities should be further studied when assessing the effects of climate change on soil biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixiang Gao
- Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Land and Marine Spatial Utilization and Governance Research at Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiahuan Sun
- Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Land and Marine Spatial Utilization and Governance Research at Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ye Zheng
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tingyu Lu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Jinwen Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
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Pold G, Baillargeon N, Lepe A, Rastetter EB, Sistla SA. Warming effects on arctic tundra biogeochemistry are limited but habitat‐dependent: a meta‐analysis. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Grace Pold
- Natural Resources Management & Environmental Sciences College of Agriculture, Food & Environmental Sciences California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo California USA
| | - Natalie Baillargeon
- Smith College Northampton Massachusetts USA
- Woodwell Climate Research Center Woods Hole Massachusetts USA
| | - Adan Lepe
- Amherst College Amherst Massachusetts USA
| | - Edward B. Rastetter
- Marine Biological Laboratories The Ecosystems Center Woods Hole Massachusetts USA
| | - Seeta A. Sistla
- Natural Resources Management & Environmental Sciences College of Agriculture, Food & Environmental Sciences California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo California USA
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Diversity of Testate Amoebae as an Indicator of the Conservation Status of Peatlands in Southwest Europe. DIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/d13060269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Testate amoebae are one of the most studied groups of microorganisms in Sphagnum peatland ecosystems and, therefore, one of the most reliable bioindicators of their ecological status. Peatland ecosystems are supported by a delicate biogeochemical balance that leads to the formation of peat, one of the main sinks of C, as a result of soil–atmosphere interaction, but currently they are one of the most threatened wetland types at their southern distribution limit. In the European continent, where climatic conditions limit peat formation, they have endured significant anthropic pressure for centuries, and the risk of loss of biodiversity linked to these ecosystems is critical. In addition, peatlands are poorly known ecosystems in the Iberian Peninsula compared with other wetlands; therefore, we have studied the chemical parameters of water and the diversity patterns of testate amoebae in the western Iberian Peninsula to better understand the current status of these ecosystems. The analysis of testate amoeba communities showed an inverse relationship between the diversity and conservation status of these peatlands, both in relation to chemical parameters (i.e., pH, electrical conductivity, phosphates) and to the proportion of anthropized area, with a marked geographical pattern in the degree of anthropogenic disturbance.
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Contrasting responses of above- and below-ground herbivore communities along elevation. Oecologia 2020; 194:515-528. [PMID: 33078281 PMCID: PMC7644536 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04778-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Above- and below-ground herbivory are key ecosystem processes that can be substantially altered by environmental changes. However, direct comparisons of the coupled variations of above- and below-ground herbivore communities along elevation gradients remain sparse. Here, we studied the variation in assemblages of two dominant groups of herbivores, namely, aboveground orthoptera and belowground nematodes, in grasslands along six elevation gradients in the Swiss Alps. By examining variations of community properties of herbivores and their food plants along montane clines, we sought to determine whether the structure and functional properties of these taxonomic groups change with elevation. We found that orthoptera decreased in both species richness and abundance with elevation. In contrast with aboveground herbivores, the taxonomic richness and the total abundance of nematode did not covary with elevation. We further found a stronger shift in above- than below-ground functional properties along elevation, where the mandibular strength of orthoptera matched a shift in leaf toughness. Nematodes showed a weaker pattern of declined sedentary behavior and increased mobility with elevation. In contrast to the direct exposal of aboveground organisms to the surface climate, conditions may be buffered belowground, which together with the influence of edaphic factors on the biodiversity of soil biota, may explain the differences between elevational patterns of above- and below-ground communities. Our study emphasizes the necessity to consider both the above- and below-ground compartments to understand the impact of current and future climatic variation on ecosystems, from a functional perspective of species interactions.
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Marcisz K, Jassey VEJ, Kosakyan A, Krashevska V, Lahr DJG, Lara E, Lamentowicz Ł, Lamentowicz M, Macumber A, Mazei Y, Mitchell EAD, Nasser NA, Patterson RT, Roe HM, Singer D, Tsyganov AN, Fournier B. Testate Amoeba Functional Traits and Their Use in Paleoecology. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.575966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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de Klerk P, Bobrov A, Theuerkauf M, Joosten H. Short-distance distribution patterns of testate amoebae in an Arctic ice-wedge polygon mire (Berelekh-Indigirka lowlands, NE Siberia). Polar Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-020-02711-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe Arctic is experiencing substantial warming with possibly large consequences for global climate when its large soil carbon stocks are mobilized. Yet the functioning of permafrost peatlands, which contain considerable amounts of carbon, is still not fully understood. Palaeoecological studies may contribute to unravelling this functioning but require actuo-ecological calibration of the environmental proxies used. Testate amoebae may be valuable proxies for palaeoecological reconstruction, but indeed still large gaps exist regarding their present-day distribution in Arctic peatlands. This study presents the distribution of testate amoebae taxa with high (1 m) spatial resolution along a transect crossing an Arctic ice-wedge polygon mire. Whereas the polygon ridges are characterised by taxa that are known to be typical of dry environments or hydrologically indifferent, the low-lying wet settings show a mixture of wet- and dry-living taxa, indicating seasonally rapidly changing conditions. High testate amoebae concentrations were only found on the dry polygon ridges. Archerella flavum occurs in various moss species in drier polygon settings, in contrast to temperate regions where the species is exclusively known from wet sites with Sphagnum, which probably relates to the special moisture conditions associated with permafrost. To compare the results of full testate amoebae analysis with those of palynology, each surface sample was split into two parts and prepared and analysed following standard testate amoebae analysis and palynological methods, respectively. Clear differences in qualitative content were found and can be attributed to the different preparation methods and to possible small (a few cm) differences in sample location. Nevertheless, the indicative value of testate amoebae found in pollen samples adds importantly to the ecological inference of palynological studies. Overall testate amoebae research is very valuable for the recognition of past ecological settings and the accurate reconstruction of past hydrological regimes in Arctic mires. Considerably more research is, however, necessary to cover the total (ecological) diversity of testate amoebae populations in NE Siberia.
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Wagner AM, Lindsey NJ, Dou S, Gelvin A, Saari S, Williams C, Ekblaw I, Ulrich C, Borglin S, Morales A, Ajo-Franklin J. Permafrost Degradation and Subsidence Observations during a Controlled Warming Experiment. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10908. [PMID: 30026500 PMCID: PMC6053422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29292-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Global climate change has resulted in a warmer Arctic, with projections indicating accelerated modifications to permafrost in the near future. The thermal, hydrological, and mechanical physics of permafrost thaw have been hypothesized to couple in a complex fashion but data collection efforts to study these feedbacks in the field have been limited. As a result, laboratory and numerical models have largely outpaced field calibration datasets. We present the design, execution, and initial results from the first decameter-scale controlled thawing experiment, targeting coupled thermal/mechanical response, particularly the temporal sequence of surface subsidence relative to permafrost degradation at depth. The warming test was conducted in Fairbanks, AK, and utilized an array of in-ground heaters to induce thaw of a ~11 × 13 × 1.5 m soil volume over 63 days. The 4-D temperature evolution demonstrated that the depth to permafrost lowered 1 m during the experiment. The resulting thaw-induced surface deformation was ~10 cm as observed using a combination of measurement techniques. Surface deformation occurred over a smaller spatial domain than the full thawed volume, suggesting that gradients in cryotexture and ice content were significant. Our experiment provides the first large field calibration dataset for multiphysics thaw models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Wagner
- U.S. Army Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory (CRREL), Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Nathaniel J Lindsey
- Earth and Planetary Sciences Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Shan Dou
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Arthur Gelvin
- U.S. Army Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory (CRREL), Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Stephanie Saari
- U.S. Army Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory (CRREL), Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Christopher Williams
- U.S. Army Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory (CRREL), Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Ian Ekblaw
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Craig Ulrich
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sharon Borglin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
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van Bellen S, Magnan G, Davies L, Froese D, Mullan-Boudreau G, Zaccone C, Garneau M, Shotyk W. Testate amoeba records indicate regional 20th-century lowering of water tables in ombrotrophic peatlands in central-northern Alberta, Canada. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:2758-2774. [PMID: 29569789 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Testate amoebae are abundant in the surface layers of northern peatlands. Analysis of their fossilized shell (test) assemblages allows for reconstructions of local water-table depths (WTD). We have reconstructed WTD dynamics for five peat cores from peatlands ranging in distance from the Athabasca bituminous sands (ABS) region in western Canada. Amoeba assemblages were combined with plant macrofossil records, acid-insoluble ash (AIA) fluxes and instrumental climate data to identify drivers for environmental change. Two functional traits of testate amoebae, mixotrophy and the tendency to integrate xenogenic mineral matter in test construction, were quantified to infer possible effects of AIA flux on testate amoeba presence. Age-depth models showed the cores each covered at least the last ~315 years, with some spanning the last millennium. Testate amoeba assemblages were likely affected by permafrost development in two of the peatlands, yet the most important shift in assemblages was detected after 1960 CE. This shift represents a significant apparent lowering of water tables in four out of five cores, with a mean drop of ~15 cm. Over the last 50 years, assemblages shifted towards more xerophilous taxa, a trend which was best explained by increasing Sphagnum s. Acutifolia and, to a lesser extent, mean summer temperature. This trend was most evident in the two cores from the sites located farthest away from the ABS region. AIA flux variations did not show a clear effect on mineral-agglutinating taxa, nor on S. s. Acutifolia presence. We therefore suggest the drying trend was forced by the establishment of S. s. Acutifolia, driven by enhanced productivity following regional warming. Such recent apparent drying of peatlands, which may only be reconstructed by appropriate indicators combined with high chronological control, may affect vulnerability to future burning and promote emissions of CO2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon van Bellen
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Geotop-Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gabriel Magnan
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Geotop-Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Lauren Davies
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Duane Froese
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Claudio Zaccone
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Michelle Garneau
- Geotop-Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Département de Géographie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - William Shotyk
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Are soil testate amoebae and diatoms useful for forensics? Forensic Sci Int 2018; 289:223-231. [PMID: 29906736 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Two of the main goals of forensic science are (1) to estimate the time since death, or post mortem interval (PMI) and (2) to find the site where a dead body was buried. Soil testate amoebae and diatoms may be useful indicators for these goals. However, the structure and patchiness of the habitat appears to be a main driver for the amoeba and diatom soil communities (e.g., individual density). In case the soil substrate is very dry and nutrient-poor (as in our study), the influence of a dead body on the soil microfaunal community may be superimposed by natural environmental heterogeneity, especially soil moisture content. Further studies are necessary to clarify if protist abundance data are helpful for forensic investigations.
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Roe HM, Elliott SM, Patterson RT. Re-assessing the vertical distribution of testate amoeba communities in surface peats: Implications for palaeohydrological studies. Eur J Protistol 2017; 60:13-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jassey VEJ, Signarbieux C, Hättenschwiler S, Bragazza L, Buttler A, Delarue F, Fournier B, Gilbert D, Laggoun-Défarge F, Lara E, T. E. Mills R, Mitchell EAD, Payne RJ, Robroek BJM. An unexpected role for mixotrophs in the response of peatland carbon cycling to climate warming. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16931. [PMID: 26603894 PMCID: PMC4658499 DOI: 10.1038/srep16931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixotrophic protists are increasingly recognized for their significant contribution to carbon (C) cycling. As phototrophs they contribute to photosynthetic C fixation, whilst as predators of decomposers, they indirectly influence organic matter decomposition. Despite these direct and indirect effects on the C cycle, little is known about the responses of peatland mixotrophs to climate change and the potential consequences for the peatland C cycle. With a combination of field and microcosm experiments, we show that mixotrophs in the Sphagnum bryosphere play an important role in modulating peatland C cycle responses to experimental warming. We found that five years of consecutive summer warming with peaks of +2 to +8°C led to a 50% reduction in the biomass of the dominant mixotrophs, the mixotrophic testate amoebae (MTA). The biomass of other microbial groups (including decomposers) did not change, suggesting MTA to be particularly sensitive to temperature. In a microcosm experiment under controlled conditions, we then manipulated the abundance of MTA, and showed that the reported 50% reduction of MTA biomass in the field was linked to a significant reduction of net C uptake (-13%) of the entire Sphagnum bryosphere. Our findings suggest that reduced abundance of MTA with climate warming could lead to reduced peatland C fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent E. J. Jassey
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Ecological Systems Laboratory (ECOS), Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Site Lausanne, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Constant Signarbieux
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Ecological Systems Laboratory (ECOS), Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Site Lausanne, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Hättenschwiler
- Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionelle et Evolutive (CEFE), CNRS – Université de Montpellier – Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier – EPHE, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Luca Bragazza
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Ecological Systems Laboratory (ECOS), Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Site Lausanne, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- University of Ferrara, Department of Life Science and Biotechnologies, Corso Ercole I d’Este 32, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alexandre Buttler
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Ecological Systems Laboratory (ECOS), Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Site Lausanne, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Université de Franche-Comté – Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, UMR CNRS/UFC 6249, F-25211 Montbéliard cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Delarue
- Université d’Orléans, ISTO, UMR 7327, 45071 Orléans, France
- BRGM, ISTO, UMR 7327, BP 36009, 45060 Orléans, France
- CNRS/INSU, ISTO, UMR 7327, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Bertrand Fournier
- University of Neuchâtel, Laboratory of Soil Biology, Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Gilbert
- Université de Franche-Comté – Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, UMR CNRS/UFC 6249, F-25211 Montbéliard cedex, France
| | - Fatima Laggoun-Défarge
- Université d’Orléans, ISTO, UMR 7327, 45071 Orléans, France
- BRGM, ISTO, UMR 7327, BP 36009, 45060 Orléans, France
- CNRS/INSU, ISTO, UMR 7327, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Enrique Lara
- University of Neuchâtel, Laboratory of Soil Biology, Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Robert T. E. Mills
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Ecological Systems Laboratory (ECOS), Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Site Lausanne, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Edward A. D. Mitchell
- University of Neuchâtel, Laboratory of Soil Biology, Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Jardin Botanique de Neuchâtel, Pertuis-du-Sault 56-58, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | | | - Bjorn J. M. Robroek
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Ecological Systems Laboratory (ECOS), Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Site Lausanne, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Response of forest soil euglyphid testate amoebae (Rhizaria: Cercozoa) to pig cadavers assessed by high-throughput sequencing. Int J Legal Med 2015; 130:551-62. [PMID: 25874666 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-015-1149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Decomposing cadavers modify the soil environment, but the effect on soil organisms and especially on soil protists is still poorly documented. We conducted a 35-month experiment in a deciduous forest where soil samples were taken under pig cadavers, control plots and fake pigs (bags of similar volume as the pigs). We extracted total soil DNA, amplified the SSU ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene V9 region and sequenced it by Illumina technology and analysed the data for euglyphid testate amoebae (Rhizaria: Euglyphida), a common group of protozoa known to respond to micro-environmental changes. We found 51 euglyphid operational taxonomic units (OTUs), 45 of which did not match any known sequence. Most OTUs decreased in abundance underneath cadavers between days 0 and 309, but some responded positively after a time lag. We sequenced the full-length SSU rRNA gene of two common OTUs that responded positively to cadavers; a phylogenetic analysis showed that they did not belong to any known euglyphid family. This study confirmed the existence of an unknown diversity of euglyphids and that they react to cadavers. Results suggest that metabarcoding of soil euglyphids could be used as a forensic tool to estimate the post-mortem interval (PMI) particularly for long-term (>2 months) PMI, for which no reliable tool exists.
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Seasonal changes in Sphagnum peatland testate amoeba communities along a hydrological gradient. Eur J Protistol 2014; 50:445-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Marcisz K, Fournier B, Gilbert D, Lamentowicz M, Mitchell EAD. Response of sphagnum peatland testate amoebae to a 1-year transplantation experiment along an artificial hydrological gradient. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2014; 67:810-818. [PMID: 24481860 PMCID: PMC3984440 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-014-0367-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Peatland testate amoebae (TA) are well-established bioindicators for depth to water table (DWT), but effects of hydrological changes on TA communities have never been tested experimentally. We tested this in a field experiment by placing Sphagnum carpets (15 cm diameter) collected in hummock, lawn and pool microsites (origin) at three local conditions (dry, moist and wet) using trenches dug in a peatland. One series of samples was seeded with microorganism extract from all microsites. TA community were analysed at T0: 8-2008, T1: 5-2009 and T2: 8-2009. We analysed the data using conditional inference trees, principal response curves (PRC) and DWT inferred from TA communities using a transfer function used for paleoecological reconstruction. Density declined from T0 to T1 and then increased sharply by T2. Species richness, Simpson diversity and Simpson evenness were lower at T2 than at T0 and T1. Seeded communities had higher species richness in pool samples at T0. Pool samples tended to have higher density, lower species richness, Simpson diversity and Simpson Evenness than hummock and/or lawn samples until T1. In the PRC, the effect of origin was significant at T0 and T1, but the effect faded away by T2. Seeding effect was strongest at T1 and lowest vanished by T2. Local condition effect was strong but not in line with the wetness gradient at T1 but started to reflect it by T2. Likewise, TA-inferred DWT started to match the experimental conditions by T2, but more so in hummock and lawn samples than in pool samples. This study confirmed that TA responds to hydrological changes over a 1-year period. However, sensitivity of TA to hydrological fluctuations, and thus the accuracy of inferred DWT changes, was habitat specific, pool TA communities being least responsive to environmental changes. Lawns and hummocks may be thus better suited than pools for paleoecological reconstructions. This, however, contrasts with the higher prediction error and species' tolerance for DWT with increasing dryness observed in transfer function models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Marcisz
- Department of Biogeography and Palaeoecology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Dzięgielowa 27, 61-680, Poznań, Poland,
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Tsyganov AN, Milbau A, Beyens L. Environmental factors influencing soil testate amoebae in herbaceous and shrubby vegetation along an altitudinal gradient in subarctic tundra (Abisko, Sweden). Eur J Protistol 2013; 49:238-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Bobrov AA, Wetterich S, Beermann F, Schneider A, Kokhanova L, Schirrmeister L, Pestryakova LA, Herzschuh U. Testate amoebae and environmental features of polygon tundra in the Indigirka lowland (East Siberia). Polar Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-013-1311-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tsyganov AN, Keuper F, Aerts R, Beyens L. Flourish or flush: effects of simulated extreme rainfall events on Sphagnum-dwelling testate amoebae in a subarctic bog (Abisko, Sweden). MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2013; 65:101-110. [PMID: 22956212 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-012-0115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Extreme precipitation events are recognised as important drivers of ecosystem responses to climate change and can considerably affect high-latitude ombrotrophic bogs. Therefore, understanding the relationships between increased rainfall and the biotic components of these ecosystems is necessary for an estimation of climate change impacts. We studied overall effects of increased magnitude, intensity and frequency of rainfall on assemblages of Sphagnum-dwelling testate amoebae in a field climate manipulation experiment located in a relatively dry subarctic bog (Abisko, Sweden). The effects of the treatment were estimated using abundance, species diversity and structure of living and empty shell assemblages of testate amoebae in living and decaying layers of Sphagnum. Our results show that increased rainfall reduced the mean abundance and species richness of living testate amoebae. Besides, the treatment affected species structure of both living and empty shell assemblages, reducing proportions of hydrophilous species. The effects are counterintuitive as increased precipitation-related substrate moisture was expected to have opposite effects on testate amoeba assemblages in relatively dry biotopes. Therefore, we conclude that other rainfall-related factors such as increased infiltration rates and frequency of environmental disturbances can also affect testate amoeba assemblages in Sphagnum and that hydrophilous species are particularly sensitive to variation in these environmental variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N Tsyganov
- Ecosystem Management Research Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Mazei YA, Malysheva EA, Lapteva EM, Komarov AA, Taskaeva AA. The role of the floodplain gradient in structuring of testate amoebae communities in the Ilych River. BIOL BULL+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359012040061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Jassey VE, Shimano S, Dupuy C, Toussaint ML, Gilbert D. Characterizing the Feeding Habits of the Testate Amoebae Hyalosphenia papilio and Nebela tincta along a Narrow “Fen-Bog” Gradient Using Digestive Vacuole Content and 13C and 15N Isotopic Analyses. Protist 2012; 163:451-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Tsyganov AN, Aerts R, Nijs I, Cornelissen JHC, Beyens L. Sphagnum-dwelling testate amoebae in subarctic bogs are more sensitive to soil warming in the growing season than in winter: the results of eight-year field climate manipulations. Protist 2011; 163:400-14. [PMID: 21839679 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sphagnum-dwelling testate amoebae are widely used in paleoclimate reconstructions as a proxy for climate-induced changes in bogs. However, the sensitivity of proxies to seasonal climate components is an important issue when interpreting proxy records. Here, we studied the effects of summer warming, winter snow addition solely and winter snow addition together with spring warming on testate amoeba assemblages after eight years of experimental field climate manipulations. All manipulations were accomplished using open top chambers in a dry blanket bog located in the sub-Arctic (Abisko, Sweden). We estimated sensitivity of abundance, diversity and assemblage structure of living and empty shell assemblages of testate amoebae in the living and decaying layers of Sphagnum. Our results show that, in a sub-arctic climate, testate amoebae are more sensitive to climate changes in the growing season than in winter. Summer warming reduced species richness and shifted assemblage composition towards predominance of xerophilous species for the living and empty shell assemblages in both layers. The higher soil temperatures during the growing season also decreased abundance of empty shells in both layers hinting at a possible increase in their decomposition rates. Thus, although possible effects of climate changes on preservation of empty shells should always be taken into account, species diversity and structure of testate amoeba assemblages in dry subarctic bogs are sensitive proxies for climatic changes during the growing season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N Tsyganov
- Research group Polar Ecology, Limnology and Geomorphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium.
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Jassey VEJ, Gilbert D, Binet P, Toussaint ML, Chiapusio G. Effect of a temperature gradient on Sphagnum fallax and its associated living microbial communities: a study under controlled conditions. Can J Microbiol 2011; 57:226-35. [PMID: 21358764 DOI: 10.1139/w10-116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Microbial communities living in Sphagnum are known to constitute early indicators of ecosystem disturbances, but little is known about their response (including their trophic relationships) to climate change. A microcosm experiment was designed to test the effects of a temperature gradient (15, 20, and 25°C) on microbial communities including different trophic groups (primary producers, decomposers, and unicellular predators) in Sphagnum segments (0-3 cm and 3-6 cm of the capitulum). Relationships between microbial communities and abiotic factors (pH, conductivity, temperature, and polyphenols) were also studied. The density and the biomass of testate amoebae in Sphagnum upper segments increased and their community structure changed in heated treatments. The biomass of testate amoebae was linked to the biomass of bacteria and to the total biomass of other groups added and, thus, suggests that indirect effects on the food web structure occurred. Redundancy analysis revealed that microbial assemblages differed strongly in Sphagnum upper segments along a temperature gradient in relation to abiotic factors. The sensitivity of these assemblages made them interesting indicators of climate change. Phenolic compounds represented an important explicative factor in microbial assemblages and outlined the potential direct and (or) indirect effects of phenolics on microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent E J Jassey
- Laboratoire Chrono-environnement, Université de Franche-Comté, UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 USC INRA, Montbéliard 25211 CEDEX, France.
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