1
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Friedman ST, Muñoz MM. A latitudinal gradient of deep-sea invasions for marine fishes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:773. [PMID: 36774385 PMCID: PMC9922314 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36501-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the tropics harbor the greatest species richness globally, recent work has demonstrated that, for many taxa, speciation rates are faster at higher latitudes. Here, we explore lability in oceanic depth as a potential mechanism for this pattern in the most biodiverse vertebrates - fishes. We demonstrate that clades with the highest speciation rates also diversify more rapidly along the depth gradient, drawing a fundamental link between evolutionary and ecological processes on a global scale. Crucially, these same clades also inhabit higher latitudes, creating a prevailing latitudinal gradient of deep-sea invasions concentrated in poleward regions. We interpret these findings in the light of classic ecological theory, unifying the latitudinal variation of oceanic features and the physiological tolerances of the species living there. This work advances the understanding of how niche lability sculpts global patterns of species distributions and underscores the vulnerability of polar ecosystems to changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah T Friedman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA. .,Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
| | - Martha M Muñoz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
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2
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On the Diversity of Phyllodocida (Annelida: Errantia), with a Focus on Glyceridae, Goniadidae, Nephtyidae, Polynoidae, Sphaerodoridae, Syllidae, and the Holoplanktonic Families. DIVERSITY-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/d13030131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phyllodocida is a clade of errantiate annelids characterized by having ventral sensory palps, anterior enlarged cirri, axial muscular proboscis, compound chaetae (if present) with a single ligament, and of lacking dorsolateral folds. Members of most families date back to the Carboniferous, although the earliest fossil was dated from the Devonian. Phyllodocida holds 27 well-established and morphologically homogenous clades ranked as families, gathering more than 4600 currently accepted nominal species. Among them, Syllidae and Polynoidae are the most specious polychaete groups. Species of Phyllodocida are mainly found in the marine benthos, although a few inhabit freshwater, terrestrial and planktonic environments, and occur from intertidal to deep waters in all oceans. In this review, we (1) explore the current knowledge on species diversity trends (based on traditional species concept and molecular data), phylogeny, ecology, and geographic distribution for the whole group, (2) try to identify the main knowledge gaps, and (3) focus on selected families: Alciopidae, Goniadidae, Glyceridae, Iospilidae, Lopadorrhynchidae, Polynoidae, Pontodoridae, Nephtyidae, Sphaerodoridae, Syllidae, Tomopteridae, Typhloscolecidae, and Yndolaciidae. The highest species richness is concentrated in European, North American, and Australian continental shelves (reflecting a strong sampling bias). While most data come from shallow coastal and surface environments most world oceans are clearly under-studied. The overall trends indicate that new descriptions are constantly added through time and that less than 10% of the known species have molecular barcode information available.
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3
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Verheye ML, D’Udekem D’Acoz C. Integrative taxonomy of giant crested Eusirus in the Southern Ocean, including the description of a new species (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Eusiridae). Zool J Linn Soc 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Among Antarctic amphipods of the genus Eusirus, a highly distinctive clade of giant species is characterized by a dorsal, blade-shaped tooth on pereionites 5–7 and pleonites 1–3. This lineage, herein named ‘crested Eusirus’, includes two potential species complexes, the Eusirus perdentatus and Eusirus giganteus complexes, in addition to the more distinctive Eusirus propeperdentatus. Molecular phylogenies and statistical parsimony networks (COI, CytB and ITS2) of crested Eusirus are herein reconstructed. This study aims to formally revise species diversity within crested Eusirus by applying several species delimitation methods (Bayesian implementation of the Poisson tree processes model, general mixed Yule coalescent, multi-rate Poisson tree processes and automatic barcode gap discovery) on the resulting phylogenies. In addition, results from the DNA-based methods are benchmarked against a detailed morphological analysis of all available specimens of the E. perdentatus complex. Our results indicate that species diversity of crested Eusirus is underestimated. Overall, DNA-based methods suggest that the E. perdentatus complex is composed of three putative species and that the E. giganteus complex includes four or five putative species. The morphological analysis of available specimens from the E. perdentatus complex corroborates molecular results by identifying two differentiable species, the genuine E. perdentatus and a new species, herein described as Eusirus pontomedon sp. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie L Verheye
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, O.D. Nature, Rue Vautier, Brussels, Belgium
- Université de Liège, Laboratoire d’Océanologie, Quartier Agora, Allée du 6 Août, Liège, Belgium
| | - Cédric D’Udekem D’Acoz
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, O.D. Nature, Rue Vautier, Brussels, Belgium
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4
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Ruiz MB, Taverna A, Servetto N, Sahade R, Held C. Hidden diversity in Antarctica: Molecular and morphological evidence of two different species within one of the most conspicuous ascidian species. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:8127-8143. [PMID: 32788966 PMCID: PMC7417227 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Southern Ocean is one of the most isolated marine ecosystems, characterized by high levels of endemism, diversity, and biomass. Ascidians are among the dominant groups in Antarctic benthic assemblages; thus, recording the evolutionary patterns of this group is crucial to improve our current understanding of the assembly of this polar ocean. We studied the genetic variation within Cnemidocarpa verrucosa sensu lato, one of the most widely distributed abundant and studied ascidian species in Antarctica. Using a mitochondrial and a nuclear gene (COI and 18S), the phylogeography of fifteen populations distributed along the West Antarctic Peninsula and Burdwood Bank/MPA Namuncurá (South American shelf) was characterized, where the distribution of the genetic distance suggested the existence of, at least, two species within nominal C. verrucosa. When reevaluating morphological traits to distinguish between genetically defined species, the presence of a basal disk in one of the genotypes could be a diagnostic morphological trait to differentiate the species. These results are surprising due to the large research that has been carried out with the conspicuous C. verrucosa with no differentiation between species. Furthermore, it provides important tools to distinguish species in the field and laboratory. But also, these results give new insights into patterns of differentiation between closely related species that are distributed in sympatry, where the permeability of species boundaries still needs to be well understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela B. Ruiz
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)CórdobaArgentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y NaturalesDepartamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología MarinaUniversidad Nacional de CórdobaCórdobaArgentina
| | - Anabela Taverna
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)CórdobaArgentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y NaturalesDepartamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología MarinaUniversidad Nacional de CórdobaCórdobaArgentina
| | - Natalia Servetto
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)CórdobaArgentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y NaturalesDepartamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología MarinaUniversidad Nacional de CórdobaCórdobaArgentina
| | - Ricardo Sahade
- Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)CórdobaArgentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y NaturalesDepartamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, Ecología MarinaUniversidad Nacional de CórdobaCórdobaArgentina
| | - Christoph Held
- Section Functional Ecology, Evolutionary MacroecologyAlfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Polar‐ und MeeresforschungBremerhavenGermany
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5
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Teixeira MAL, Vieira PE, Pleijel F, Sampieri BR, Ravara A, Costa FO, Nygren A. Molecular and morphometric analyses identify new lineages within a large
Eumida
(Annelida) species complex. ZOOL SCR 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos A. L. Teixeira
- Departamento de Biologia CBMA Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology Universidade do Minho Braga Portugal
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio‐Sustainability (IB‐S) Universidade do Minho Braga Portugal
| | - Pedro E. Vieira
- Departamento de Biologia CBMA Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology Universidade do Minho Braga Portugal
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio‐Sustainability (IB‐S) Universidade do Minho Braga Portugal
| | - Fredrik Pleijel
- Institutionen for marina vetenskaper Göteborgs Universitet Tjärnö Strömstad Sweden
| | - Bruno R. Sampieri
- Departamento de Biologia CBMA Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology Universidade do Minho Braga Portugal
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio‐Sustainability (IB‐S) Universidade do Minho Braga Portugal
- Museu de Zoologia Instituto de Biologia Universidade Estadual de Campinas – IB/UNICAMP Campinas Brazil
| | - Ascensão Ravara
- Departamento de Biologia CESAM – Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar Universidade de Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
| | - Filipe O. Costa
- Departamento de Biologia CBMA Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology Universidade do Minho Braga Portugal
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio‐Sustainability (IB‐S) Universidade do Minho Braga Portugal
| | - Arne Nygren
- Institutionen for marina vetenskaper Göteborgs Universitet Tjärnö Strömstad Sweden
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6
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Bogantes VE, Whelan NV, Webster K, Mahon AR, Halanych KM. Unrecognized diversity of a scale worm,Polyeunoa laevis(Annelida: Polynoidae), that feeds on soft coral. ZOOL SCR 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria E. Bogantes
- Department of Biological Sciences Molette Biology Laboratory for Environmental and Climate Change Studies Auburn University Auburn AL USA
| | - Nathan V. Whelan
- Southeast Conservation Genetics Lab Warm Springs Fish Technology Center United States Fish and Wildlife Service Auburn AL USA
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences Auburn University Auburn AL USA
| | - Katelynn Webster
- Department of Biological Sciences Molette Biology Laboratory for Environmental and Climate Change Studies Auburn University Auburn AL USA
| | - Andrew R. Mahon
- Department of Biology Central Michigan University Mount Pleasant MI USA
| | - Kenneth M. Halanych
- Department of Biological Sciences Molette Biology Laboratory for Environmental and Climate Change Studies Auburn University Auburn AL USA
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7
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Chen P, Shen X, Cai Y, Ji N, Li Y, Ge T, Liu S. The complete mitochondrial genome of Glycera chirori Izuka (Annelida: Polychaeta): an evidence of conservativeness between gene arrangement and phylogenesis in Glycera. MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2019; 4:3746-3747. [PMID: 33366171 PMCID: PMC7707398 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1681318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome of Glycera chirori Izuka (Annelida: Polychaeta) was presented, which is a circular molecule of 15,930 bp nucleotides. It encodes 37 genes, including 13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, and two rRNAs. The length of non-coding regions is 1428 bp, and the longest one (1346 bp) is speculated as the control region, which is located between trnA and trnL2 and is longer than most species in Glycera. The complete mitogenome of G. chirori Izuka consists of 31.2% A, 23.6% C, 12.9% G, and 32.2% T, which has T vs. A skew (−0.02) and C vs. G skew (−0.29), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicates the classification status of G. chirori Izuka and the relationship with other species in Glycera, which is closer with Glycera unicornis and Glycera fallax (bootstrap = 100). By comparisons, the gene arrangement of G. chirori Izuka and other seven species in Glycera are identical and they also cluster together in phylogenetic tree with higher support rate, which indicates the conservativeness between gene arrangement and phylogenetic analysis in Glycera. In conclusion, the complete mitochondrial genome of G. chirori Izuka can provide supportive data for further molecular and evolutionary analysis of Glycera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China.,Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China.,Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yuefeng Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China.,Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Nanjing Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China.,Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yongqi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China.,Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Tian Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China.,Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Shishi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China.,Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
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8
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Moles J, Avila C, Malaquias MAE. Unmasking Antarctic mollusc lineages: novel evidence from philinoid snails (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea). Cladistics 2019; 35:487-513. [DOI: 10.1111/cla.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Moles
- Museum of Comparative Zoology Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University 26 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Conxita Avila
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Biology, and Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio) University of Barcelona 643 Diagonal Av. Barcelona, Catalonia 08028 Spain
| | - Manuel António E. Malaquias
- Phylogenetic Systematics and Evolution Research Group Section of Taxonomy and Evolution Department of Natural History University Museum of Bergen University of Bergen Bergen PB7800 5020 Norway
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9
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Kobayashi G, Goto R, Takano T, Kojima S. Molecular phylogeny of Maldanidae (Annelida): Multiple losses of tube-capping plates and evolutionary shifts in habitat depth. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 127:332-344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Leiva C, Riesgo A, Avila C, Rouse GW, Taboada S. Population structure and phylogenetic relationships of a new shallow-water Antarctic phyllodocid annelid. ZOOL SCR 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Leiva
- Department of Genetics Microbiology and Statistics, Facultat de Biologia; Universitat de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum of London; London UK
| | - Ana Riesgo
- Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum of London; London UK
| | - Conxita Avila
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences; Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Greg W. Rouse
- MBRD; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; La Jolla California
| | - Sergi Taboada
- Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum of London; London UK
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11
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Lörz AN, Jażdżewska AM, Brandt A. A new predator connecting the abyssal with the hadal in the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench, NW Pacific. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4887. [PMID: 29892501 PMCID: PMC5994337 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The bathyal to hadal deep sea of north-west Pacific Ocean was recently intensively sampled during four international expeditions (KuramBio I and II, SoJaBio and SokhoBio). A large amphipod, Rhachotropis saskia n. sp., was sampled in the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench and increases the number of described hadal species of that area to eight. A detailed description of the new species is provided, including illustrations, scanning-microscope images and molecular analysis. This predatory species was sampled at both continental and ocean abyssal margins of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench as well as at hadal depths of the trench. The wide bathymetric distribution of the new species over more than 3,000 m is confirmed by molecular analysis, indicating that the Kuril Kamchatka Trench is not a distribution barrier for this species. However, the molecular analysis indicated the presence of isolation by distance of the populations of the studied taxon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Nina Lörz
- Centre of Natural History, Zoological Museum, University of Hamburg CeNak, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Maria Jażdżewska
- Laboratory of Polar Biology and Oceanobiology, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Angelika Brandt
- Department of Marine Zoology, Section Crustacea, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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12
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Strugnell JM, Allcock AL, Watts PC. Closely related octopus species show different spatial genetic structures in response to the Antarctic seascape. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:8087-8099. [PMID: 29043058 PMCID: PMC5632630 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Determining whether comparable processes drive genetic divergence among marine species is relevant to molecular ecologists and managers alike. Sympatric species with similar life histories might be expected to show comparable patterns of genetic differentiation and a consistent influence of environmental factors in shaping divergence. We used microsatellite loci to quantify genetic differentiation across the Scotia Arc in three species of closely related benthic octopods, Pareledone turqueti, P. charcoti, and Adelieledone polymorpha. The relative importance of environmental factors (latitude, longitude, depth, and temperature) in shaping genetic structure was investigated when significant spatial genetic structure was uncovered. Isolated populations of P. turqueti and A. polymorpha at these species' range margins were genetically different to samples close to mainland Antarctica; however, these species showed different genetic structures at a regional scale. Samples of P. turqueti from the Antarctic Peninsula, Elephant Island, and Signy Island were genetically different, and this divergence was associated primarily with sample collection depth. By contrast, weak or nonsignificant spatial genetic structure was evident across the Antarctic Peninsula, Elephant Island, and Signy Island region for A. polymorpha, and slight associations between population divergence and temperature or depth (and/or longitude) were detected. Pareledone charcoti has a limited geographic range, but exhibited no genetic differentiation between samples from a small region of the Scotia Arc (Elephant Island and the Antarctic Peninsula). Thus, closely related species with similar life history strategies can display contrasting patterns of genetic differentiation depending on spatial scale; moreover, depth may drive genetic divergence in Southern Ocean benthos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan M. Strugnell
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and AquacultureMarine Biology and Aquaculture James Cook UniversityTownsvilleQldAustralia
- Department of Ecology, Environment and EvolutionSchool of Life SciencesLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - A. Louise Allcock
- Ryan Institute and School of Natural SciencesNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
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13
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Álvarez-Campos P, Giribet G, San Martín G, Rouse GW, Riesgo A. Straightening the striped chaos: systematics and evolution of Trypanosyllis and the case of its pseudocryptic type species Trypanosyllis krohnii (Annelida, Syllidae). Zool J Linn Soc 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Suda A, Nagata N, Sato A, Narimatsu Y, Nadiatul HH, Kawata M. Genetic variation and local differences in Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus around Japan. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2017; 90:61-79. [PMID: 27723107 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The population structure of the Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus was examined using 15 microsatellite loci and mitochondrial DNA (ND2 region). In total, 274 individuals were sampled from 16 locations around Japan to estimate the level of genetic differentiation and effective population size (Ne ). Pairwise FST , analysis of molecular variance and Bayesian clustering analysis suggested the presence of two genetically distinct groups in waters around Japan, with a higher Ne value in the eastern group than in the western group. A possible factor that restricts gene flow between groups may be related to the water temperature differences in the south-western part of the Sea of Japan, where the Tsushima Warm Current flows around the area inhabited by the western group, which may limit migration between the west and east.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Suda
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - N Nagata
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - A Sato
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
| | - Y Narimatsu
- Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Hachinohe Laboratory, Hachinohe, Aomori, 031-0841, Japan
| | - H H Nadiatul
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - M Kawata
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
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15
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Gaither MR, Violi B, Gray HW, Neat F, Drazen JC, Grubbs RD, Roa-Varón A, Sutton T, Hoelzel AR. Depth as a driver of evolution in the deep sea: Insights from grenadiers (Gadiformes: Macrouridae) of the genus Coryphaenoides. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 104:73-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Brasier MJ, Wiklund H, Neal L, Jeffreys R, Linse K, Ruhl H, Glover AG. DNA barcoding uncovers cryptic diversity in 50% of deep-sea Antarctic polychaetes. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2016; 3:160432. [PMID: 28018624 PMCID: PMC5180122 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The Antarctic marine environment is a diverse ecosystem currently experiencing some of the fastest rates of climatic change. The documentation and management of these changes requires accurate estimates of species diversity. Recently, there has been an increased recognition of the abundance and importance of cryptic species, i.e. those that are morphologically identical but genetically distinct. This article presents the largest genetic investigation into the prevalence of cryptic polychaete species within the deep Antarctic benthos to date. We uncover cryptic diversity in 50% of the 15 morphospecies targeted through the comparison of mitochondrial DNA sequences, as well as 10 previously overlooked morphospecies, increasing the total species richness in the sample by 233%. Our ability to describe universal rules for the detection of cryptic species within polychaetes, or normalization to expected number of species based on genetic data is prevented by taxon-specific differences in phylogenetic outputs and genetic variation between and within potential cryptic species. These data provide the foundation for biogeographic and functional analysis that will provide insight into the drivers of species diversity and its role in ecosystem function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine J. Brasier
- School of Environmental Science, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX, Liverpool, UK
| | - Helena Wiklund
- Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Lenka Neal
- Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Rachel Jeffreys
- School of Environmental Science, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX, Liverpool, UK
| | - Katrin Linse
- BioSciences, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 OET, UK
| | - Henry Ruhl
- National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Adrian G. Glover
- Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
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17
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Verheye ML, Backeljau T, d’Udekem d’Acoz C. Looking beneath the tip of the iceberg: diversification of the genus Epimeria on the Antarctic shelf (Crustacea, Amphipoda). Polar Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-016-1910-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Böggemann M, Dietz A. Glyceriformia (Annelida) from the deep sea of the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Polar Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-015-1864-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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19
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Kajihara H, Ikoma M, Yamasaki H, Hiruta SF. Trilobodrilus itoi sp. nov., with a Re-Description of T. nipponicus (Annelida: Dinophilidae) and a Molecular Phylogeny of the Genus. Zoolog Sci 2015; 32:405-17. [PMID: 26245229 DOI: 10.2108/zs140251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The marine interstitial annelid Trilobodrilus itoi sp. nov., the sixth member of the genus, is described on the basis of specimens collected intertidally at Ishikari Beach, Hokkaido, Japan; this is the second species in the genus described from the Pacific Rim. In addition, T. nipponicus Uchida and Okuda, 1943 is re-described based on fresh topotypic material from Akkeshi, Hokkaido, Japan. From both species, we determined sequences of the nuclear 18S and 28S rRNA genes, and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Molecular phylogenetic trees based on concatenated sequences of the three genes showed that T. itoi and T. nipponicus form a clade, which was the sister group to a clade containing the two European congeners T. axi Westheide, 1967 and T. heideri Remane, 1925. The Kimura two-parameter distance for COI was 22.5-22.7% between T. itoi and T. nipponicus, comparable with interspecific values in other polychaete genera. We assessed the taxonomic utility of epidermal inclusions and found that the known six species can be classified into three groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kajihara
- 1 Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Maho Ikoma
- 1 Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamasaki
- 2 Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara, Nakagami, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Shimpei F Hiruta
- 1 Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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20
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Introduction to the special issue on the Life in Antarctica: Boundaries and Gradients in a Changing Environment (XIth SCAR Biology Symposium). Polar Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-015-1852-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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David B, Saucède T, Chenuil A, Steimetz E, De Ridder C. The taxonomic challenge posed by the Antarctic echinoids Abatus bidens and Abatus cavernosus (Schizasteridae, Echinoidea). Polar Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-015-1842-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Richter S, Schwarz F, Hering L, Böggemann M, Bleidorn C. The Utility of Genome Skimming for Phylogenomic Analyses as Demonstrated for Glycerid Relationships (Annelida, Glyceridae). Genome Biol Evol 2015; 7:3443-62. [PMID: 26590213 PMCID: PMC4700955 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evv224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyceridae (Annelida) are a group of venomous annelids distributed worldwide from intertidal to abyssal depths. To trace the evolutionary history and complexity of glycerid venom cocktails, a solid backbone phylogeny of this group is essential. We therefore aimed to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of these annelids using Illumina sequencing technology. We constructed whole-genome shotgun libraries for 19 glycerid specimens and 1 outgroup species (Glycinde armigera). The chosen target genes comprise 13 mitochondrial proteins, 2 ribosomal mitochondrial genes, and 4 nuclear loci (18SrRNA, 28SrRNA, ITS1, and ITS2). Based on partitioned maximum likelihood as well as Bayesian analyses of the resulting supermatrix, we were finally able to resolve a robust glycerid phylogeny and identified three clades comprising the majority of taxa. Furthermore, we detected group II introns inside the cox1 gene of two analyzed glycerid specimens, with two different insertions in one of these species. Moreover, we generated reduced data sets comprising 10 million, 4 million, and 1 million reads from the original data sets to test the influence of the sequencing depth on assembling complete mitochondrial genomes from low coverage genome data. We estimated the coverage of mitochondrial genome sequences in each data set size by mapping the filtered Illumina reads against the respective mitochondrial contigs. By comparing the contig coverage calculated in all data set sizes, we got a hint for the scalability of our genome skimming approach. This allows estimating more precisely the number of reads that are at least necessary to reconstruct complete mitochondrial genomes in Glyceridae and probably non-model organisms in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Richter
- Molecular Evolution and Animal Systematics, Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Francine Schwarz
- Molecular Evolution and Animal Systematics, Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lars Hering
- Animal Evolution & Development, Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Germany Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Bleidorn
- Molecular Evolution and Animal Systematics, Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Germany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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23
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Riesgo A, Taboada S, Avila C. Evolutionary patterns in Antarctic marine invertebrates: an update on molecular studies. Mar Genomics 2015; 23:1-13. [PMID: 26228311 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Riesgo
- Department of Animal Biology and Biodiversity Research Institute (IrBIO), Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Sergi Taboada
- Department of Animal Biology and Biodiversity Research Institute (IrBIO), Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Conxita Avila
- Department of Animal Biology and Biodiversity Research Institute (IrBIO), Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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24
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Dietz L, Arango CP, Dömel JS, Halanych KM, Harder AM, Held C, Mahon AR, Mayer C, Melzer RR, Rouse GW, Weis A, Wilson NG, Leese F. Regional differentiation and extensive hybridization between mitochondrial clades of the Southern Ocean giant sea spider Colossendeis megalonyx. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2015; 2:140424. [PMID: 26587257 PMCID: PMC4632570 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.140424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Assessing the enormous diversity of Southern Ocean benthic species and their evolutionary histories is a central task in the era of global climate change. Based on mitochondrial markers, it was recently suggested that the circumpolar giant sea spider Colossendeis megalonyx comprises a complex of at least six cryptic species with mostly small and non-overlapping distribution ranges. Here, we expand the sampling to include over 500 mitochondrial COI sequences of specimens from around the Antarctic. Using multiple species delimitation approaches, the number of distinct mitochondrial OTUs increased from six to 15-20 with our larger dataset. In contrast to earlier studies, many of these clades show almost circumpolar distributions. Additionally, analysis of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer region for a subset of these specimens showed incongruence between nuclear and mitochondrial results. These mito-nuclear discordances suggest that several of the divergent mitochondrial lineages can hybridize and should not be interpreted as cryptic species. Our results suggest survival of C. megalonyx during Pleistocene glaciations in multiple refugia, some of them probably located on the Antarctic shelf, and emphasize the importance of multi-gene datasets to detect the presence of cryptic species, rather than their inference based on mitochondrial data alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Dietz
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, Bochum 44801, Germany
| | - Claudia P. Arango
- Natural Environments Program, Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
| | - Jana S. Dömel
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, Bochum 44801, Germany
| | | | - Avril M. Harder
- Department of Biology, Institute for Great Lakes Research, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Christoph Held
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Marine and Polar Biology, Am Alten Hafen 26, Bremerhaven 25768, Germany
| | - Andrew R. Mahon
- Department of Biology, Institute for Great Lakes Research, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Christoph Mayer
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, Bonn 53113, Germany
| | - Roland R. Melzer
- Bavarian State Collection of Zoology—SNSB, Münchhausenstraße 21, Munich 81247, Germany
- Department Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Straße 2, Planegg-Martinsried 82152, Germany
- GeoBio-Center, Richard-Wagner-Straße 10, Munich 80333, Germany
| | - Greg W. Rouse
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla 92093-0202, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Weis
- Bavarian State Collection of Zoology—SNSB, Münchhausenstraße 21, Munich 81247, Germany
| | - Nerida G. Wilson
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla 92093-0202, CA, USA
- Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC, Western Australia 6986, Australia
| | - Florian Leese
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, Bochum 44801, Germany
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25
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Abstract
Accurate identification of unknown specimens by means of DNA barcoding is contingent on the presence of a DNA barcoding gap, among other factors, as its absence may result in dubious specimen identifications - false negatives or positives. Whereas the utility of DNA barcoding would be greatly reduced in the absence of a distinct and sufficiently sized barcoding gap, the limits of intraspecific and interspecific distances are seldom thoroughly inspected across comprehensive sampling. The present study aims to illuminate this aspect of barcoding in a comprehensive manner for the animal phylum Annelida. All cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences (cox1 gene; the chosen region for zoological DNA barcoding) present in GenBank for Annelida, as well as for "Polychaeta", "Oligochaeta", and Hirudinea separately, were downloaded and curated for length, coverage and potential contaminations. The final datasets consisted of 9782 (Annelida), 5545 ("Polychaeta"), 3639 ("Oligochaeta"), and 598 (Hirudinea) cox1 sequences and these were either (i) used as is in an automated global barcoding gap detection analysis or (ii) further analyzed for genetic distances, separated into bins containing intraspecific and interspecific comparisons and plotted in a graph to visualize any potential global barcoding gap. Over 70 million pairwise genetic comparisons were made and results suggest that although there is a tendency towards separation, no distinct or sufficiently sized global barcoding gap exists in either of the datasets rendering future barcoding efforts at risk of erroneous specimen identifications (but local barcoding gaps may still exist allowing for the identification of specimens at lower taxonomic ranks). This seems to be especially true for earthworm taxa, which account for fully 35% of the total number of interspecific comparisons that show 0% divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Kvist
- a Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University , Cambridge , MA , USA
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E. Glazier
- Biology Department; University of Massachusetts; 100 Morrissey Blvd Boston MA 02125 USA
| | - Ron J. Etter
- Biology Department; University of Massachusetts; 100 Morrissey Blvd Boston MA 02125 USA
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27
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Brown A, Thatje S. Explaining bathymetric diversity patterns in marine benthic invertebrates and demersal fishes: physiological contributions to adaptation of life at depth. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2014; 89:406-26. [PMID: 24118851 PMCID: PMC4158864 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Bathymetric biodiversity patterns of marine benthic invertebrates and demersal fishes have been identified in the extant fauna of the deep continental margins. Depth zonation is widespread and evident through a transition between shelf and slope fauna from the shelf break to 1000 m, and a transition between slope and abyssal fauna from 2000 to 3000 m; these transitions are characterised by high species turnover. A unimodal pattern of diversity with depth peaks between 1000 and 3000 m, despite the relatively low area represented by these depths. Zonation is thought to result from the colonisation of the deep sea by shallow-water organisms following multiple mass extinction events throughout the Phanerozoic. The effects of low temperature and high pressure act across hierarchical levels of biological organisation and appear sufficient to limit the distributions of such shallow-water species. Hydrostatic pressures of bathyal depths have consistently been identified experimentally as the maximum tolerated by shallow-water and upper bathyal benthic invertebrates at in situ temperatures, and adaptation appears required for passage to deeper water in both benthic invertebrates and demersal fishes. Together, this suggests that a hyperbaric and thermal physiological bottleneck at bathyal depths contributes to bathymetric zonation. The peak of the unimodal diversity-depth pattern typically occurs at these depths even though the area represented by these depths is relatively low. Although it is recognised that, over long evolutionary time scales, shallow-water diversity patterns are driven by speciation, little consideration has been given to the potential implications for species distribution patterns with depth. Molecular and morphological evidence indicates that cool bathyal waters are the primary site of adaptive radiation in the deep sea, and we hypothesise that bathymetric variation in speciation rates could drive the unimodal diversity-depth pattern over time. Thermal effects on metabolic-rate-dependent mutation and on generation times have been proposed to drive differences in speciation rates, which result in modern latitudinal biodiversity patterns over time. Clearly, this thermal mechanism alone cannot explain bathymetric patterns since temperature generally decreases with depth. We hypothesise that demonstrated physiological effects of high hydrostatic pressure and low temperature at bathyal depths, acting on shallow-water taxa invading the deep sea, may invoke a stress-evolution mechanism by increasing mutagenic activity in germ cells, by inactivating canalisation during embryonic or larval development, by releasing hidden variation or mutagenic activity, or by activating or releasing transposable elements in larvae or adults. In this scenario, increased variation at a physiological bottleneck at bathyal depths results in elevated speciation rate. Adaptation that increases tolerance to high hydrostatic pressure and low temperature allows colonisation of abyssal depths and reduces the stress-evolution response, consequently returning speciation of deeper taxa to the background rate. Over time this mechanism could contribute to the unimodal diversity-depth pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair Brown
- Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre SouthamptonEuropean Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, U.K.
| | - Sven Thatje
- Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre SouthamptonEuropean Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, U.K.
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Nygren
- Systematics and Biodiversity; University of Gothenburg; Box 463 SE-405 30 Gothenburg Sweden
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29
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Jennings RM, Etter RJ, Ficarra L. Population differentiation and species formation in the deep sea: the potential role of environmental gradients and depth. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77594. [PMID: 24098590 PMCID: PMC3788136 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecological speciation probably plays a more prominent role in diversification than previously thought, particularly in marine ecosystems where dispersal potential is great and where few obvious barriers to gene flow exist. This may be especially true in the deep sea where allopatric speciation seems insufficient to account for the rich and largely endemic fauna. Ecologically driven population differentiation and speciation are likely to be most prevalent along environmental gradients, such as those attending changes in depth. We quantified patterns of genetic variation along a depth gradient (1600-3800m) in the western North Atlantic for a protobranch bivalve (Nuculaatacellana) to test for population divergence. Multilocus analyses indicated a sharp discontinuity across a narrow depth range, with extremely low gene flow inferred between shallow and deep populations for thousands of generations. Phylogeographical discordance occurred between nuclear and mitochondrial loci as might be expected during the early stages of species formation. Because the geographic distance between divergent populations is small and no obvious dispersal barriers exist in this region, we suggest the divergence might reflect ecologically driven selection mediated by environmental correlates of the depth gradient. As inferred for numerous shallow-water species, environmental gradients that parallel changes in depth may play a key role in the genesis and adaptive radiation of the deep-water fauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M. Jennings
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ron J. Etter
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lynn Ficarra
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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30
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Havermans C, Sonet G, d’Udekem d’Acoz C, Nagy ZT, Martin P, Brix S, Riehl T, Agrawal S, Held C. Genetic and morphological divergences in the cosmopolitan deep-sea amphipod Eurythenes gryllus reveal a diverse abyss and a bipolar species. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74218. [PMID: 24086322 PMCID: PMC3783426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Eurythenes gryllus is one of the most widespread amphipod species, occurring in every ocean with a depth range covering the bathyal, abyssal and hadal zones. Previous studies, however, indicated the existence of several genetically and morphologically divergent lineages, questioning the assumption of its cosmopolitan and eurybathic distribution. For the first time, its genetic diversity was explored at the global scale (Arctic, Atlantic, Pacific and Southern oceans) by analyzing nuclear (28S rDNA) and mitochondrial (COI, 16S rDNA) sequence data using various species delimitation methods in a phylogeographic context. Nine putative species-level clades were identified within E. gryllus. A clear distinction was observed between samples collected at bathyal versus abyssal depths, with a genetic break occurring around 3,000 m. Two bathyal and two abyssal lineages showed a widespread distribution, while five other abyssal lineages each seemed to be restricted to a single ocean basin. The observed higher diversity in the abyss compared to the bathyal zone stands in contrast to the depth-differentiation hypothesis. Our results indicate that, despite the more uniform environment of the abyss and its presumed lack of obvious isolating barriers, abyssal populations might be more likely to show population differentiation and undergo speciation events than previously assumed. Potential factors influencing species' origins and distributions, such as hydrostatic pressure, are discussed. In addition, morphological findings coincided with the molecular clades. Of all specimens available for examination, those of the bipolar bathyal clade seemed the most similar to the 'true' E. gryllus. We present the first molecular evidence for a bipolar distribution in a macro-benthic deep-sea organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Havermans
- Direction Natural Environment, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
- Biodiversity Research Centre, Earth and Life Institute, Catholic University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Gontran Sonet
- Direction Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cédric d’Udekem d’Acoz
- Direction Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Zoltán T. Nagy
- Direction Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Martin
- Direction Natural Environment, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
- Direction Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Saskia Brix
- Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Senckenberg Research Institute c/o Biocentrum Grindel, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Torben Riehl
- Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Senckenberg Research Institute c/o Biocentrum Grindel, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Shobhit Agrawal
- Section Functional Ecology, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Christoph Held
- Section Functional Ecology, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
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31
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Quattrini AM, Georgian SE, Byrnes L, Stevens A, Falco R, Cordes EE. Niche divergence by deep-sea octocorals in the genus Callogorgia across the continental slope of the Gulf of Mexico. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:4123-40. [PMID: 23786376 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Environmental variables that are correlated with depth have been suggested to be among the major forces underlying speciation in the deep sea. This study incorporated phylogenetics and ecological niche models (ENM) to examine whether congeneric species of Callogorgia (Octocorallia: Primnoidae) occupy different ecological niches across the continental slope of the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) and whether this niche divergence could be important in the evolution of these closely related species. Callogorgia americana americana, Callogorgia americana delta and Callogorgia gracilis were documented at 13 sites in the GoM (250-1000 m) from specimen collections and extensive video observations. On a first order, these species were separated by depth, with C. gracilis occurring at the shallowest sites, C. a. americana at mid-depths and C. a. delta at the deepest sites. Callogorgia a. delta was associated with areas of increased seep activity, whereas C. gracilis and C. a. americana were associated with narrow, yet warmer, temperature ranges and did not occur near cold seeps. ENM background and identity tests revealed little to no overlap in ecological niches between species. Temporal calibration of the phylogeny revealed the formation of the Isthmus of Panama was a vicariance event that may explain some of the patterns of speciation within this genus. These results elucidate the potential mechanisms for speciation in the deep sea, emphasizing both bathymetric speciation and vicariance events in the evolution of a genus across multiple regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Quattrini
- Department of Biology, Temple University, 1900 N 12th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
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32
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Castelin M, Lorion J, Brisset J, Cruaud C, Maestrati P, Utge J, Samadi S. Speciation patterns in gastropods with long-lived larvae from deep-sea seamounts. Mol Ecol 2012; 21:4828-53. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2012.05743.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2012] [Revised: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - C. Cruaud
- GENOSCOPE; Centre National de Séquençage; 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP 5706; F-91057; Evry Cedex; France
| | - P. Maestrati
- Département Systématique et Evolution; Systématique, Adaptation et Evolution; UMR 7138 UPMC-IRD-MNHN-CNRS (UR IRD 148); Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; CP 26, 57 Rue Cuvier; F-75231; Paris Cedex 05; France
| | - J. Utge
- Département Systématique et Evolution; Service de systématique moléculaire (CNRS-MNHN, UMS2700); Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; CP 26, 57 Rue Cuvier; F-75231; Paris Cedex 05; France
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33
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Allcock AL, Strugnell JM. Southern Ocean diversity: new paradigms from molecular ecology. Trends Ecol Evol 2012; 27:520-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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34
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HEMERY LG, ELÉAUME M, ROUSSEL V, AMÉZIANE N, GALLUT C, STEINKE D, CRUAUD C, COULOUX A, WILSON NG. Comprehensive sampling reveals circumpolarity and sympatry in seven mitochondrial lineages of the Southern Ocean crinoid speciesPromachocrinus kerguelensis(Echinodermata). Mol Ecol 2012; 21:2502-18. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2012.05512.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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