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Rodriguez MN, Campetella DM, Carmona NB, Ponce JJ, Parada MN. Microbial mats and their palaeoenvironmental analysis in offshore - shelf facies of the Los Molles Formation (Toarcian - Lower Callovian) in the Chacay Melehue area, Neuquén Basin, Argentina. GEOBIOLOGY 2024; 22:e12580. [PMID: 37990865 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
This contribution presents the first study focused on the analysis of microbial mats in the Los Molles Formation (Toarcian - Early Callovian), Neuquén Basin, Argentina. This unit mainly represents offshore-to-shelf environments affected by storms and density currents. The Los Molles Formation is one of the oldest source rocks in the Neuquén Basin and constitutes an unconventional shale gas reservoir of great economic importance. The aim of this work was to identify the microbial activity from the description and interpretation of microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS), to determine the paleoenvironmental and paleoecological conditions under which they formed, and to establish a possible relationship between these structures and the trace fossil Trichichnus. Samples from the levels with MISS were analyzed and described from macroscopic and binocular observations, petrographic microscope thin sections, and SEM samples with EDS analyses. The results showed several levels of microbial mats presenting diverse MISS, including biolaminations and Kinneyia-like wrinkles structures that were described at the macroscopic level. In thin sections, biolaminations, filament-like microstructures with different degrees of development, oriented grains and pyrite were observed. SEM images and EDS analyses showed different types of filaments, coccoids and EPS with high concentrations of carbon. These results revealed that the studied levels fulfill the established biogenicity criteria, guaranteeing that they have a bacterial origin. The abundance of the trace fossil Trichichnus sp. throughout the section and the proximity to some Kinneyia-like wrinkle structures levels suggests that the same organisms may have generated them. Furthermore, they revealed that the Los Molles Formation, at the time of its deposition, experienced paleoecological and paleoenvironmental conditions appropriate for the establishment and development of microbial mats. The extensive levels of microbial mats in the study area suggest that they may have been a source of organic matter for the generation of hydrocarbons from the Los Molles Formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Nicolás Rodriguez
- Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Río Negro, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Débora Mical Campetella
- Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Río Negro, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Noelia Beatriz Carmona
- Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Río Negro, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Juan José Ponce
- Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (UNRN), Río Negro, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Río Negro, Argentina
- Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino (SEGEMAR), Centro General Roca, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Martín Nazareno Parada
- Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Río Negro, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Río Negro, Argentina
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Mlewski EC, Saona LA, Boidi FJ, Chiappero MF, Vaieretti MV, Soria M, Farías ME, Izquierdo AE. Exploring Soil Bacterial Diversity in Relation to Edaphic Physicochemical Properties of High-altitude Wetlands from Argentine Puna. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 87:6. [PMID: 38030916 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02316-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
High Andean wetlands, particularly those known as vegas or bofedales, are essential conservation ecosystems due to their significant contribution to ecosystem services. The soil microbial communities in these ecosystems play a crucial role in fundamental processes such as decomposition and nutrient cycling, sustaining life in the region. However, at present, these microbial communities are poorly understood. In order to contribute to this knowledge, we aimed to characterize and compare the microbial communities from soils of seven Argentine Puna vegas and to analyze their association with soil physicochemical characteristics. Proteobacteria (Gamma and Alphaproteobacteria) was the dominant phylum across all vegas, followed in abundance by Actinobacteriota, Desulfobacterota, and Chloroflexi. Furthermore, the abundance of specific bacterial families and genera varied significantly between the vegas; some of them can be associated with plant growth-promoting bacteria such as Rhodomicrobium in La Quebradita and Quebrada del Diablo, Bacillus in Antofalla and Las Quinuas. Laguna Negra showed no shared ASVs with abundance in genera such as Sphingomonas and Pseudonocardia. The studied vegas also differed in their soil physicochemical properties; however, associations between the composition of microbial communities with the edaphic parameters measured were not found. These results suggest that other environmental factors (e.g., geographic, climatic, and plant communities' characteristics) could determine soil microbial diversity patterns. Further investigations are needed to be focused on understanding the composition and function of microorganisms in the soil associated with specific vegetation types in these high-altitude wetlands, which will provide valuable insights into the ecological dynamics of these ecosystems for conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Cecilia Mlewski
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBiV), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Centro de Ecología y Recursos Naturales Renovables (CERNAR), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Luis A Saona
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Patagonian Limit of Life (LiLi), Valdivia, Chile
| | - Flavia Jaquelina Boidi
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), EEA Rafaela, Rafaela, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea (IDICAL, CONICET-INTA), Rafaela, Argentina
| | - M Fernanda Chiappero
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBiV), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Vaieretti
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBiV), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mariana Soria
- PUNABIO S.A. Campus USP-T Av. Solano Vera y Camino a Villa Nougués San Pablo, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Farías
- PUNABIO S.A. Campus USP-T Av. Solano Vera y Camino a Villa Nougués San Pablo, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Andrea E Izquierdo
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBiV), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas e Instituto M. Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.
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Zanor GA, Lecomte KL, Jesús Puy Y Alquiza M, Saldaña-Robles A, Manjarrez-Rangel CS, Rubio-Jiménez CA, Pussetto N. A 16th century artificial reservoir under human pressure: water quality variability assessment in Laguna de Yuriria, central Mexico. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:182. [PMID: 36481823 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10782-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study assesses the variability of physicochemical and biochemical parameters, identifies principal pollutant sources, and characterizes water quality in Yuriria reservoir using water quality indexes in combination with multivariate statistical techniques. In situ parameters were measured in 55 reservoir sites including surface and deep points and in 7 associated channels. Moreover, major compounds and biochemical data were determined. Yuriria reservoir had alkaline, bicarbonate-mixed waters, with total dissolved solids (TDS) of 393.83 ± 3.43 mg L-1. Water quality index (WQI) indicated a good class for agricultural irrigation but very poor and poor classes for preservation of aquatic life. The nutrient inputs and the internal nitrogen recycling triggered a hypereutrophic status in the reservoir. The decomposition of residual biomass from aquatic macrophytes contributed to reduce dissolved oxygen (DO) in the hypolimnetic waters (mean DO = 3.86 mg L-1). Statistical analysis revealed that the study area is highly exposed to anthropogenic stress and in a lesser extent to natural processes. Urban and agriculture runoff enhanced the salinization and the generation of solid particles which deteriorated water quality. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and NO3--N presented a common anthropogenic origin by external (point and diffuse) and internal pollution sources, while a diffuse source (agricultural activities) was reveled for phosphorus. This study is important to be used in systematic monitoring and sustainable co-management programs and for formulating the necessary strategies to remediate the Yuriria reservoir water quality and extrapolate to other reservoirs worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela A Zanor
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, División de Ciencias de la Vida (DICIVA), Universidad de Guanajuato, Ex Hacienda El Copal, Km 9 Carretera Irapuato-Silao AP. 311, CP. 36500, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México.
- Posgrado en Biociencias, División de Ciencias de La Vida (DICIVA), Universidad de Guanajuato, Ex Hacienda El Copal, Km 9 Carretera Irapuato-Silao AP. 311, CP. 36500, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México.
| | - Karina L Lecomte
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611 (X5016GCA), Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de La Tierra (CICTERRA), CONICET-UNC. Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611 (X5016GCA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Jesús Puy Y Alquiza
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Minas, División de Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, Metalurgia y Geología, Ex Hacienda de San Matías S/N, CP. 36020, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Adriana Saldaña-Robles
- Posgrado en Biociencias, División de Ciencias de La Vida (DICIVA), Universidad de Guanajuato, Ex Hacienda El Copal, Km 9 Carretera Irapuato-Silao AP. 311, CP. 36500, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
- Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola, División de Ciencias de la Vida (DICIVA), Universidad de Guanajuato, Ex Hacienda El Copal, Km 9 Carretera Irapuato-Silao AP. 311, CP. 36500, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Cinthya Soledad Manjarrez-Rangel
- Posgrado en Biociencias, División de Ciencias de La Vida (DICIVA), Universidad de Guanajuato, Ex Hacienda El Copal, Km 9 Carretera Irapuato-Silao AP. 311, CP. 36500, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Carlos Alberto Rubio-Jiménez
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, División de Ciencias de la Vida (DICIVA), Universidad de Guanajuato, Ex Hacienda El Copal, Km 9 Carretera Irapuato-Silao AP. 311, CP. 36500, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Nathalie Pussetto
- Instituto Nacional del Agua (INA) Subgerencia Centro de la Región Semiárida, Av. Ambrosio Olmos 1142, X5000JGT, Córdoba, Argentina
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