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Kopcha WP, Biswas R, Sun Y, Chueng STD, Dorn HC, Zhang J. Water-soluble endohedral metallofullerenes: new horizons for biomedical applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13551-13561. [PMID: 37877250 PMCID: PMC11033704 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03603k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs) offer a safe avenue to manipulate metals important to biomedical applications such as MRI contrast, X-ray contrast, radiolabeling, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and the control of inflammation by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, functionalizing the double bonds on the surface of EMFs modifies their solubility, supramolecular behaviour, binding, targeting characteristics, and physical properties. While most existing water-soluble derivatives possess a statistical mixture of appended functional groups, progress has been made in creating molecularly-precise derivatives with a defined number of surface functional groups, leading to potentially more nuanced control of their behaviour and properties. Further elucidation of the structure-function relationships of these materials is expected to enhance their utility in biomedical applications and possibly broaden their use in diverse areas of science and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P Kopcha
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd., Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
| | - Rohin Biswas
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd., Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd., Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
| | | | - Harry C Dorn
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1040 Drillfield Dr, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| | - Jianyuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd., Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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2
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Jang JD, Bae M, Do C, Choi SH, Bang J, Han YS, Kim TH. Self-Assembly of 2D Gold Nanoparticle Superlattice in a Polymer Vesicle Layer Driven by Hydrophobic Interaction. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:6736-6743. [PMID: 34264079 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) into highly ordered superstructures provides a promising route toward fabricating materials with new functionalities or enhanced physical properties. Although self-assembly of AuNPs has garnered significant research attention recently, a highly ordered superlattice of AuNPs under a low concentration in a confined geometry formed by nonfunctionalized materials has not been reported. Herein, we investigate the self-assembly of a 2D AuNPs superlattice in a polymer vesicle layer using hydrophobic interactions, which exhibits centered rectangular lattice symmetry. To create the highly ordered AuNPs superlattice, the P(EGx-b-iPGEy) block copolymers that form the thickness of the hydrophobic vesicle layer comparable to the size of the AuNP are used as a template to control the AuNP degree of freedom. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first demonstration of a centered rectangular structure formation of AuNPs at the vesicle layer in 2D confined geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Dae Jang
- Neutron Science Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 1045 Daedeok-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Moongi Bae
- Department of Quantum System Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Changwoo Do
- Biology and Soft Matter Division, Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Soo-Hyung Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, 94 Wausan-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Joona Bang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Soo Han
- Neutron Science Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 1045 Daedeok-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Quantum System Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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3
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Pykhova AD, Semivrazhskaya OO, Samoylova NA, Rybalchenko AV, Rosenkranz M, Ioffe IN, Popov AA, Goryunkov AA. Addition of CF 2 group to endohedral fullerene Sc 3N@I h-C 80. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:9137-9147. [PMID: 32578639 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01513j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the first successful synthesis of a CF2 derivative of the stable endohedral fullerene Sc3N@Ih-C80. Reaction with CF2ClCOONa yields a single Cs-symmetric Sc3N@C80(CF2) adduct where the CF2 group is inserted into a [6,6]-bond and opens it to 2.3 Å between the bridgehead carbon atoms. As evidenced by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as cyclic voltammetry, both the HOMO and the LUMO level of Sc3N@C80(CF2) are slightly (ca. 0.1 eV) downshifted with respect to the parent Sc3N@Ih-C80, so the HOMO-LUMO gap remains essentially unchanged. The DFT calculations suggest that the reaction mechanism is not the previously assumed [2 + 1]-cycloaddition of :CF2 carbene but rather nucleophilic addition of CF2Cl- anion followed by elimination of Cl- and closing of the CF2 bridge via intramolecular nucleophilic substitution. Selective formation of the [6,6]-Sc3N@C80(CF2) turns out to be kinetically controlled and promoted by a particular orientation of the endohedral Sc3N cluster with respect to the CF2Cl- addition site. In its turn, the CF2 addend partly hampers the rotation of Sc3N the endohedral cluster compared to its quasi-free reorientations in the parent Sc3N@Ih-C80.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia D Pykhova
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
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4
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Jin P, Li Y, Magagula S, Chen Z. Exohedral functionalization of endohedral metallofullerenes: Interplay between inside and outside. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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5
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Shen W, Zhang L, Zheng S, Xie Y, Lu X. Lu 2@C 82 Nanorods with Enhanced Photoluminescence and Photoelectrochemical Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:28838-28843. [PMID: 28795792 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b05180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) single-crystalline hexagonal nanorods of Lu2@C3v(8)-C82 were prepared for the first time using the liquid-liquid interface precipitation (LLIP) method from the interfaces between carbon disulfide (CS2) and isopropyl alcohol (IPA). The length of the nanorods can be readily controlled by varying the concentration of the Lu2@C82 solution in addition to the volume ratio of CS2 to IPA. The latter factor also exhibits a significant influence on the morphology of the crystals. The crystalline structure of the nanorods has been investigated by XRD and selected area electron diffraction (SAED), suggesting a face-centered cubic structure. Photoluminescence of the Lu2@C82 nanorods shows a remarkable enhancement as compared to that of pristine Lu2@C82 powder because of the high crystallinity. Furthermore, we have investigated the photoelectrochemical properties of Lu2@C82 nanorods, proving their potential applications as photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangqiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Shushu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yunpeng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
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6
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Martin AR, Ronco C, Demange L, Benhida R. Hypoxia inducible factor down-regulation, cancer and cancer stem cells (CSCs): ongoing success stories. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:21-52. [PMID: 30108689 PMCID: PMC6071925 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00432f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In cancers, hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is an over-expressed transcription factor, which regulates a large set of genes involved in tumour vascularization, metastases, and cancer stem cells (CSCs) formation and self-renewal. This protein has been identified as a relevant target in oncology and several HIF-1 modulators are now marketed or in advanced clinical trials. The purpose of this review is to summarize the advances in the understanding of its regulation and its inhibition, from the medicinal chemist point of view. To this end, we selected in the recent literature relevant examples of "hit" compounds, including small-sized organic molecules, pseudopeptides and nano-drugs, exhibiting in vitro and/or in vivo both anti-HIF-1 and anti-tumour activities. Whenever possible, a particular emphasis has been dedicated to compounds that selectively target CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Martin
- Université Côte d'Azur , CNRS , Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272 - 06108 Nice , France . ; ; ; Tel: +33 4 92076143
| | - Cyril Ronco
- Université Côte d'Azur , CNRS , Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272 - 06108 Nice , France . ; ; ; Tel: +33 4 92076143
| | - Luc Demange
- Université Côte d'Azur , CNRS , Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272 - 06108 Nice , France . ; ; ; Tel: +33 4 92076143
- UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques , Université Paris Descartes , Sorbonne Paris Cité , 4 avenue de l'Observatoire , Paris Fr-75006 , France
- UFR Biomédicale des Saints Pères , 45 rue des Saints Pères , Paris Fr-75006 , France
| | - Rachid Benhida
- Université Côte d'Azur , CNRS , Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272 - 06108 Nice , France . ; ; ; Tel: +33 4 92076143
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7
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Wang XX, Zha YY, Yang B, Chen L, Wang M. Suppression of synaptic plasticity by fullerenol in rat hippocampus in vitro. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:4947-4955. [PMID: 27729790 PMCID: PMC5047730 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s104856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fullerenol, a water-soluble fullerene derivative, has attracted much attention due to its bioactive properties, including the antioxidative properties and free radical scavenging ability. Due to its superior nature, fullerenol represents a promising diagnostic, therapeutic, and protective agent. Therefore, elucidation of the possible side effects of fullerenol is important in determining its potential role. In the present study, we investigated the acute effects of 5 μM fullerenol on synaptic plasticity in hippocampal brain slices of rats. Incubation with fullerenol for 20 minutes significantly decreased the peak of paired-pulse facilitation and long-term potentiation, indicating that fullerenol suppresses the short- and long-term synaptic plasticity of region I of hippocampus. We found that fullerenol depressed the activity and the expression of nitric oxide (NO) synthase in hippocampus. In view of the important role of NO in synaptic plasticity, the inhibition of fullerenol on NO synthase may contribute to the suppression of synaptic plasticity. These findings may facilitate the evaluation of the side effects of fullerenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases; Auditory Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Ying Zha
- Cell Electrophysiology Laboratory, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases
| | - Lin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases; Auditory Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases; Auditory Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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8
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Gd-metallofullerenol nanomaterial as non-toxic breast cancer stem cell-specific inhibitor. Nat Commun 2015; 6:5988. [PMID: 25612916 PMCID: PMC4354030 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The contemporary use of nanomedicines for cancer treatment has been largely limited to serving as carriers for existing therapeutic agents. Here, we provide definitive evidence that, the metallofullerenol nanomaterial Gd@C82(OH)22, while essentially not toxic to normal mammary epithelial cells, possesses intrinsic inhibitory activity against triple-negative breast cancer cells. Gd@C82(OH)22 blocks epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition with resultant efficient elimination of breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) resulting in abrogation of tumour initiation and metastasis. In normoxic conditions, Gd@C82(OH)22 mediates these effects by blocking TGF-β signalling. Moreover, under hypoxic conditions found in the tumour microenvironment, cellular uptake of Gd@C82(OH)22 is facilitated where it functions as a bi-potent inhibitor of HIF-1α and TGF-β activities, enhancing CSC elimination. These studies indicate that nanomaterials can be engineered to directly target CSCs. Thus, Gd-metallofullerenol is identified as a kind of non-toxic CSC specific inhibitors with significant therapeutic potential. A metallofullerenol nanomaterial, Gd@C82(OH)22, was shown to inhibit growth of several solid cancers in preclinical models and yet exhibit low toxicity. Herein the authors show that Gd@C82(OH)22 functions as an inhibitor of breast cancer stem cell function via blocking TGF-β and HIF-1α signalling, while sparing normal tissue.
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9
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Miyazaki T, Tokumoto Y, Sumii R, Yagi H, Izumi N, Shinohara H, Hino S. Photoelectron spectra of thulium atoms encapsulated C82 fullerene, Tm2@C82 (III) and Tm2C2@C82 (III). Chem Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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LALWANI GAURAV, SITHARAMAN BALAJI. MULTIFUNCTIONAL FULLERENE- AND METALLOFULLERENE-BASED NANOBIOMATERIALS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793984413420038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanotechnology have enabled the synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials suitable for applications in the field of biology and medicine. Due to their unique physico-chemical properties, carbon-based nanomaterials such as fullerenes, metallofullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene have been widely investigated as multifunctional materials for applications in tissue engineering, molecular imaging, therapeutics, drug delivery and biosensing. In this review, we focus on the multifunctional capabilities of fullerenes and metallofullerenes for diagnosis and therapy. Specifically, we review recent advances toward the development of fullerene- and metallofullerene-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray imaging contrast agents, drug and gene delivery vehicles, and photodynamic therapy agents. We also discuss in vitro and in vivo toxicity, and biocompatibility issues associated with the use of fullerenes and metallofullerenes for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- GAURAV LALWANI
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5281, USA
| | - BALAJI SITHARAMAN
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5281, USA
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11
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Stevenson S, Rose CB, Maslenikova JS, Villarreal JR, Mackey MA, Mercado BQ, Chen K, Olmstead MM, Balch AL. Selective Synthesis, Isolation, and Crystallographic Characterization of LaSc2N@Ih-C80. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:13096-102. [DOI: 10.1021/ic300888e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Stevenson
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana Purdue University at Fort Wayne (IPFW), 2101
E. Coliseum Blvd., Fort Wayne, Indiana 46805, United States
| | - Coralie B. Rose
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana Purdue University at Fort Wayne (IPFW), 2101
E. Coliseum Blvd., Fort Wayne, Indiana 46805, United States
| | - Juliya S. Maslenikova
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, #5043, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United
States
| | - Jimmy R. Villarreal
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, #5043, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United
States
| | - Mary A. Mackey
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, #5043, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United
States
| | - Brandon Q. Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis,
California 05616, United States
| | - Kelly Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis,
California 05616, United States
| | - Marilyn M. Olmstead
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis,
California 05616, United States
| | - Alan L. Balch
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis,
California 05616, United States
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12
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Huang Y, He S, Cao W, Cai K, Liang XJ. Biomedical nanomaterials for imaging-guided cancer therapy. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:6135-49. [PMID: 22929990 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr31715j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
To date, even though various kinds of nanomaterials have been evaluated over the years in order to develop effective cancer therapy, there is still significant challenges in the improvement of the capabilities of nano-carriers. Developing a new theranostic nanomedicine platform for imaging-guided, visualized cancer therapy is currently a promising way to enhance therapeutic efficiency and reduce side effects. Firstly, conventional imaging technologies are reviewed with their advantages and disadvantages, respectively. Then, advanced biomedical materials for multimodal imaging are illustrated in detail, including representative examples for various dual-modalities and triple-modalities. Besides conventional cancer treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy), current biomaterials are also summarized for novel cancer therapy based on hyperthermia, photothermal, photodynamic effects, and clinical imaging-guided surgery. In conclusion, biomedical materials for imaging-guided therapy are becoming one of the mainstream treatments for cancer in the future. It is hoped that this review might provide new impetus to understand nanotechnology and nanomaterials employed for imaging-guided cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuran Huang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, China
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Svitova A, Braun K, Popov AA, Dunsch L. A platform for specific delivery of lanthanide-scandium mixed-metal cluster fullerenes into target cells. ChemistryOpen 2012; 1:207-10. [PMID: 24551509 PMCID: PMC3922590 DOI: 10.1002/open.201200023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Svitova
- Department of Electrochemistry and Conducting Polymers, Leibniz Institute of Solid State and Material Research Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden (Germany) E-mail:
| | - Klaus Braun
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center INF 280, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany) E-mail:
| | - Alexey A Popov
- Department of Electrochemistry and Conducting Polymers, Leibniz Institute of Solid State and Material Research Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden (Germany) E-mail:
| | - Lothar Dunsch
- Department of Electrochemistry and Conducting Polymers, Leibniz Institute of Solid State and Material Research Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden (Germany) E-mail:
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Li J, Chaudhary A, Chmura SJ, Pelizzari C, Rajh T, Wietholt C, Kurtoglu M, Aydogan B. A novel functional CT contrast agent for molecular imaging of cancer. Phys Med Biol 2010; 55:4389-97. [PMID: 20647599 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/55/15/013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using a 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) labeled gold nanoparticle (AuNP-2-DG) as a functionally targeted computed tomography (CT) contrast agent to obtain high-resolution metabolic and anatomic information of tumor in a single CT scan. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were fabricated and were conjugated with 1-DG or 2-DG. 1-DG provides an excellent comparison since it is known to interfere with the ability of the glucose transporter to recognize the sugar moiety. The human alveolar epithelial cancer cell line, A-549, was chosen for the in vitro cellular uptake assay. Three groups of cell samples were incubated with the 1-DG or 2-DG labeled AuNP and the unlabeled AuNP. Following the incubation, the cells were washed with sterile phosphate buffered saline to remove the excess AuNPs and spun using a centrifuge. The cell pellets were imaged using a microCT scanner immediately after the centrifugation. Internalization of AuNP-2-DG is verified using transmission electron microscopy imaging. Significant contrast enhancement in the cell samples incubated with the AuNP-2-DG with respect to the cell samples incubated with the unlabeled AuNP and the AuNP-1-DG was observed in multiple CT slices. Results from our in vitro experiments suggest that the AuNP-2-DG may be used as a functional CT contrast agent to provide high-resolution metabolic and anatomic information in a single CT scan. These results justify further in vitro and in vivo experiments to study the feasibility of using the AuNP-2-DG as a functional CT contrast agent in radiation therapy settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Li
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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15
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AuNP-DG: Deoxyglucose-Labeled Gold Nanoparticles as X-ray Computed Tomography Contrast Agents for Cancer Imaging. Mol Imaging Biol 2010; 12:463-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11307-010-0299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Shustova NB, Chen YS, Mackey MA, Coumbe CE, Phillips JP, Stevenson S, Popov AA, Boltalina OV, Strauss SH. Sc3N@(C80-Ih(7))(CF3)14 and Sc3N@(C80-Ih(7))(CF3)16. Endohedral Metallofullerene Derivatives with Exohedral Addends on Four and Eight Triple-Hexagon Junctions. Does the Sc3N Cluster Control the Addition Pattern or Vice Versa? J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:17630-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9069216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia B. Shustova
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, ChemMatCARS Beamline, University of Chicago Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, and Department of Electrochemistry and Conducting Polymers, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden D01069, Germany
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, ChemMatCARS Beamline, University of Chicago Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, and Department of Electrochemistry and Conducting Polymers, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden D01069, Germany
| | - Mary A. Mackey
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, ChemMatCARS Beamline, University of Chicago Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, and Department of Electrochemistry and Conducting Polymers, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden D01069, Germany
| | - Curtis E. Coumbe
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, ChemMatCARS Beamline, University of Chicago Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, and Department of Electrochemistry and Conducting Polymers, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden D01069, Germany
| | - J. Paige Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, ChemMatCARS Beamline, University of Chicago Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, and Department of Electrochemistry and Conducting Polymers, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden D01069, Germany
| | - Steven Stevenson
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, ChemMatCARS Beamline, University of Chicago Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, and Department of Electrochemistry and Conducting Polymers, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden D01069, Germany
| | - Alexey A. Popov
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, ChemMatCARS Beamline, University of Chicago Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, and Department of Electrochemistry and Conducting Polymers, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden D01069, Germany
| | - Olga V. Boltalina
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, ChemMatCARS Beamline, University of Chicago Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, and Department of Electrochemistry and Conducting Polymers, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden D01069, Germany
| | - Steven H. Strauss
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, ChemMatCARS Beamline, University of Chicago Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, and Department of Electrochemistry and Conducting Polymers, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden D01069, Germany
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Zuo T, Olmstead MM, Beavers CM, Balch AL, Wang G, Yee GT, Shu C, Xu L, Elliott B, Echegoyen L, Duchamp JC, Dorn HC. Preparation and Structural Characterization of the Ih and the D5h Isomers of the Endohedral Fullerenes Tm3N@C80: Icosahedral C80 Cage Encapsulation of a Trimetallic Nitride Magnetic Cluster with Three Uncoupled Tm3+ Ions. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:5234-44. [DOI: 10.1021/ic800227x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianming Zuo
- Chemistry Departments, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, University of California, Davis, California 95616, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, and Emory and Henry College, Emory, Virginia 24327
| | - Marilyn M. Olmstead
- Chemistry Departments, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, University of California, Davis, California 95616, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, and Emory and Henry College, Emory, Virginia 24327
| | - Christine M. Beavers
- Chemistry Departments, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, University of California, Davis, California 95616, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, and Emory and Henry College, Emory, Virginia 24327
| | - Alan L. Balch
- Chemistry Departments, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, University of California, Davis, California 95616, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, and Emory and Henry College, Emory, Virginia 24327
| | - Guangbin Wang
- Chemistry Departments, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, University of California, Davis, California 95616, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, and Emory and Henry College, Emory, Virginia 24327
| | - Gordon T. Yee
- Chemistry Departments, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, University of California, Davis, California 95616, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, and Emory and Henry College, Emory, Virginia 24327
| | - Chunying Shu
- Chemistry Departments, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, University of California, Davis, California 95616, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, and Emory and Henry College, Emory, Virginia 24327
| | - Liaosa Xu
- Chemistry Departments, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, University of California, Davis, California 95616, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, and Emory and Henry College, Emory, Virginia 24327
| | - Bevan Elliott
- Chemistry Departments, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, University of California, Davis, California 95616, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, and Emory and Henry College, Emory, Virginia 24327
| | - Luis Echegoyen
- Chemistry Departments, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, University of California, Davis, California 95616, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, and Emory and Henry College, Emory, Virginia 24327
| | - James C. Duchamp
- Chemistry Departments, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, University of California, Davis, California 95616, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, and Emory and Henry College, Emory, Virginia 24327
| | - Harry C. Dorn
- Chemistry Departments, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, University of California, Davis, California 95616, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, and Emory and Henry College, Emory, Virginia 24327
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18
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Stevenson S, Chancellor CJ, Lee HM, Olmstead MM, Balch AL. Internal and External Factors in the Structural Organization in Cocrystals of the Mixed-Metal Endohedrals (GdSc2N@Ih-C80, Gd2ScN@Ih-C80, and TbSc2N@Ih-C80) and Nickel(II) Octaethylporphyrin. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:1420-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ic701824q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Stevenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406
| | - Christopher J. Chancellor
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406
| | - Hon Man Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406
| | - Marilyn M. Olmstead
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406
| | - Alan L. Balch
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406
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Shustova NB, Popov AA, Mackey MA, Coumbe CE, Phillips JP, Stevenson S, Strauss SH, Boltalina OV. Radical trifluoromethylation of Sc3N@C80. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:11676-7. [PMID: 17764184 DOI: 10.1021/ja074332g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia B Shustova
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
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