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Qin S, Liu Y, Zhang X, Huang P, Xia L, Leng W, Li D. lncRNA FGD5-AS1 is required for gastric cancer proliferation by inhibiting cell senescence and ROS production via stabilizing YBX1. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:188. [PMID: 38965605 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vast majority of lncRNAs have low expression abundance, which greatly limits their functional range and impact. As a high expression abundance lncRNA, FGD5-AS1's non-ceRNA biological function in cancer is unclear. METHODS RNA-seq studies and chromatin immunoprecipitation (Chip) assays were performed to identify ZEB1-regulated lncRNAs. RNA sequencing, RNA pulldown, RNA Immunoprecipitation assays, and rescue assays were conducted to explore the molecular mechanisms of FGD5-AS1 in GC. RESULTS As one of the most abundant lncRNAs in cells, FGD5-AS1 has been shown to be transcriptionally activated by ZEB1, thus closely related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling. Clinical analysis showed that FGD5-AS1 overexpression was clinically associated with lymph node metastasis, and predicted poor survival in GC. Loss-of-function studies confirmed that FGD5-AS1 knockdown inhibited GC proliferation and induced cisplatin chemosensibility, cell senescence, and DNA damage in GC cells. Mechanismically, FGD5-AS1 is a YBX1-binding lncRNA due to its mRNA contains three adjacent structural motifs (UAAUCCCA, ACCAGCCU, and CAGUGAGC) that can be recognized and bound by YBX1. And this RNA-protein interaction prolonged the half-life of the YBX1 protein in GC. Additionally, a rescue assay showed that FGD5-AS1 promotes GC by repressing cell senescence and ROS production via YBX1. CONCLUSION FGD5-AS1 is a cellular high-abundant lncRNA that is transcriptionally regulated by ZEB1. FGD5-AS1 overexpression promoted GC progression by inhibiting cell senescence and ROS production through binding and stabilizing the YBX1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Qin
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital and Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, P.R. China.
- Shiyan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Nanoformulation Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China.
| | - Yue Liu
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Xiangang Zhang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Pan Huang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Lingyun Xia
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital and Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China
| | - Weidong Leng
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital and Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China.
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital and Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China.
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, P.R. China.
- Shiyan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Nanoformulation Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China.
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Newman T, Ishihara T, Shaw G, Renfree MB. The structure of the TH/INS locus and the parental allele expressed are not conserved between mammals. Heredity (Edinb) 2024; 133:21-32. [PMID: 38834866 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-024-00689-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Parent-of-origin-specific expression of imprinted genes is critical for successful mammalian growth and development. Insulin, coded by the INS gene, is an important growth factor expressed from the paternal allele in the yolk sac placenta of therian mammals. The tyrosine hydroxylase gene TH encodes an enzyme involved in dopamine synthesis. TH and INS are closely associated in most vertebrates, but the mouse orthologues, Th and Ins2, are separated by repeated DNA. In mice, Th is expressed from the maternal allele, but the parental origin of expression is not known for any other mammal so it is unclear whether the maternal expression observed in the mouse represents an evolutionary divergence or an ancestral condition. We compared the length of the DNA segment between TH and INS across species and show that separation of these genes occurred in the rodent lineage with an accumulation of repeated DNA. We found that the region containing TH and INS in the tammar wallaby produces at least five distinct RNA transcripts: TH, TH-INS1, TH-INS2, lncINS and INS. Using allele-specific expression analysis, we show that the TH/INS locus is expressed from the paternal allele in pre- and postnatal tammar wallaby tissues. Determining the imprinting pattern of TH/INS in other mammals might clarify if paternal expression is the ancestral condition which has been flipped to maternal expression in rodents by the accumulation of repeat sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent Newman
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Teruhito Ishihara
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Geoff Shaw
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marilyn B Renfree
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Ma X, He Y, Liu C, Zhu T, Li D, Li W, Sun G, Kang X. Long Noncoding RNA 6302 Regulates Chicken Preadipocyte Differentiation by Targeting SLC22A16. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:758. [PMID: 38927694 PMCID: PMC11203196 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The excessive deposition of abdominal adipocytes in chickens is detrimental to poultry production. However, the regulatory factors that affect abdominal adipogenesis in chickens are still poorly understood. SLC22A16 is differentially expressed in abdominal preadipocytes and 10-day differentiated adipocytes in chickens, but its role in regulating chicken adipogenesis has not been reported. In this study, the function of SLC22A16 in chicken abdominal preadipocytes was investigated. SLC22A16 is significantly upregulated during abdominal adipocyte differentiation. The overexpression of SLC2A16 upregulated the expression of adipogenic marker genes and proliferation-related genes, and promoted the proliferation of adipocytes and the accumulation of triglycerides. The knockdown of SLC22A16 downregulated the expression of adipogenic marker genes and proliferation-related genes, inhibited the proliferation of adipocytes, and impaired the accumulation of triglycerides in adipocytes. In addition, LNC6302 was differentially expressed in abdominal preadipocytes and mature adipocytes, and was significantly positively correlated with the expression of SLC22A16. Interference with LNC6302 inhibits the expression of adipogenic marker genes and proliferation-related genes. The data supported the notion that LNC6302 promotes the differentiation of chicken abdominal adipocytes by cis-regulating the expression of SLC22A16. This study identified the role of SLC22A16 in the differentiation and proliferation of chicken adipocytes, providing a potential target for improving abdominal adipogenesis in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfei Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (X.M.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (T.Z.); (D.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Yuehua He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (X.M.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (T.Z.); (D.L.); (W.L.)
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Cong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (X.M.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (T.Z.); (D.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Tingqi Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (X.M.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (T.Z.); (D.L.); (W.L.)
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Donghua Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (X.M.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (T.Z.); (D.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Wenting Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (X.M.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (T.Z.); (D.L.); (W.L.)
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Guirong Sun
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (X.M.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (T.Z.); (D.L.); (W.L.)
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Li M, Niu M, Fan X, Chen F, Cao H, Liu Q, Gan S, Yue P, Gao J. LncRNA MIR181A2HG inhibits keratinocytes proliferation through miR-223-3p/SOX6 axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:9846-9858. [PMID: 38848163 PMCID: PMC11210253 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a complex and recurrent chronic inflammatory skin disease, and the abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an indispensable role in regulating cellular functions. This research aims to explore the potential impact of lncRNA MIR181A2HG on the regulation of keratinocyte proliferation. METHODS The expression level of MIR181A2HG and the mRNA level of KRT6, KRT16, and SOX6 were assessed using qRT-PCR. The viability and proliferation of keratinocytes were evaluated using CCK-8 and EdU assays. Cell cycle analysis was performed using flow cytometry. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were applied to test the interaction among MIR181A2HG/miR-223-3p/SOX6. Protein level was detected by Western blotting analysis. RESULTS The findings indicated that psoriasis lesions tissue exhibited lower levels of MIR181A2HG expression compared to normal tissue. The overexpression of MIR181A2HG resulted in the inhibition of HaCaT keratinocytes proliferation. The knockdown of MIR181A2HG promoted cell proliferation. The dual-luciferase reporter assay and rescue experiments provided evidence of the interaction among MIR181A2HG, SOX6, and miR-223-3p. CONCLUSIONS The lncRNA MIR181A2HG functions as a miR-223-3p sponge targeting SOX6 to regulate the proliferation of keratinocytes, which suggested that MIR181A2HG/miR-223-3p/SOX6 might be potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhao Li
- School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Mutian Niu
- School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Fan
- School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Fangru Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Qingbo Liu
- School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Shaoqin Gan
- School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Pengpeng Yue
- School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jintao Gao
- School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, P.R. China
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Kim JM, Kim WR, Park EG, Lee DH, Lee YJ, Shin HJ, Jeong HS, Roh HY, Kim HS. Exploring the Regulatory Landscape of Dementia: Insights from Non-Coding RNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6190. [PMID: 38892378 PMCID: PMC11172830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Dementia, a multifaceted neurological syndrome characterized by cognitive decline, poses significant challenges to daily functioning. The main causes of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Lewy body dementia (LBD), and vascular dementia (VD), have different symptoms and etiologies. Genetic regulators, specifically non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are known to play important roles in dementia pathogenesis. MiRNAs, small non-coding RNAs, regulate gene expression by binding to the 3' untranslated regions of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), while lncRNAs and circRNAs act as molecular sponges for miRNAs, thereby regulating gene expression. The emerging concept of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) interactions, involving lncRNAs and circRNAs as competitors for miRNA binding, has gained attention as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in dementia-related disorders. This review explores the regulatory roles of ncRNAs, particularly miRNAs, and the intricate dynamics of ceRNA interactions, providing insights into dementia pathogenesis and potential therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-min Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-m.K.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Woo Ryung Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-m.K.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eun Gyung Park
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-m.K.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Du Hyeong Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-m.K.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yun Ju Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-m.K.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hae Jin Shin
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-m.K.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyeon-su Jeong
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-m.K.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun-Young Roh
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Arnold CR, Mangesius J, Portnaia I, Ganswindt U, Wolff HA. Innovative therapeutic strategies to overcome radioresistance in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1379986. [PMID: 38873260 PMCID: PMC11169591 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1379986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite a comparatively favorable prognosis relative to other malignancies, breast cancer continues to significantly impact women's health globally, partly due to its high incidence rate. A critical factor in treatment failure is radiation resistance - the capacity of tumor cells to withstand high doses of ionizing radiation. Advancements in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying radioresistance, coupled with enhanced characterization of radioresistant cell clones, are paving the way for the development of novel treatment modalities that hold potential for future clinical application. In the context of combating radioresistance in breast cancer, potential targets of interest include long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), micro RNAs (miRNAs), and their associated signaling pathways, along with other signal transduction routes amenable to pharmacological intervention. Furthermore, technical, and methodological innovations, such as the integration of hyperthermia or nanoparticles with radiotherapy, have the potential to enhance treatment responses in patients with radioresistant breast cancer. This review endeavors to provide a comprehensive survey of the current scientific landscape, focusing on novel therapeutic advancements specifically addressing radioresistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julian Mangesius
- Department of Radiation-Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Iana Portnaia
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ute Ganswindt
- Department of Radiation-Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hendrik Andreas Wolff
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, and Radiotherapy, Radiology Munich, Munich, Germany
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Syed RU, Afsar S, Aboshouk NAM, Salem Alanzi S, Abdalla RAH, Khalifa AAS, Enrera JA, Elafandy NM, Abdalla RAH, Ali OHH, Satheesh Kumar G, Alshammari MD. LncRNAs in necroptosis: Deciphering their role in cancer pathogenesis and therapy. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155252. [PMID: 38479121 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Necroptosis, a controlled type of cell death that is different from apoptosis, has become a key figure in the aetiology of cancer and offers a possible target for treatment. A growing number of biological activities, including necroptosis, have been linked to long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a varied family of RNA molecules with limited capacity to code for proteins. The complex interactions between LncRNAs and important molecular effectors of necroptosis, including mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) and receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3), will be investigated. We will explore the many methods that LncRNAs use to affect necroptosis, including protein-protein interactions, transcriptional control, and post-transcriptional modification. Additionally, the deregulation of certain LncRNAs in different forms of cancer will be discussed, highlighting their dual function in influencing necroptotic processes as tumour suppressors and oncogenes. The goal of this study is to thoroughly examine the complex role that LncRNAs play in controlling necroptotic pathways and how that regulation affects the onset and spread of cancer. In the necroptosis for cancer treatment, this review will also provide insight into the possible therapeutic uses of targeting LncRNAs. Techniques utilising LncRNA-based medicines show promise in controlling necroptotic pathways to prevent cancer from spreading and improve the effectiveness of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahamat Unissa Syed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia.
| | - S Afsar
- Department of Virology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh 517502, India.
| | - Nayla Ahmed Mohammed Aboshouk
- Department of Clinical laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Amna Abakar Suleiman Khalifa
- Department of Clinical laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jerlyn Apatan Enrera
- Department of Clinical laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nancy Mohammad Elafandy
- Department of Clinical laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Randa Abdeen Husien Abdalla
- Department of Clinical laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Hafiz Haj Ali
- Department of Clinical laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - G Satheesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Venkataramapuram, Tirupati, India
| | - Maali D Alshammari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
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Babaei S, Bhalla PL, Singh MB. Identifying long non-coding RNAs involved in heat stress response during wheat pollen development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1344928. [PMID: 38379952 PMCID: PMC10876783 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1344928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Wheat is a staple food crop for over one-third of the global population. However, the stability of wheat productivity is threatened by heat waves associated with climate change. Heat stress at the reproductive stage can result in pollen sterility and failure of grain development. Methods This study used transcriptome data analysis to explore the specific expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in response to heat stress during pollen development in four wheat cultivars. Results and discussion We identified 11,054 lncRNA-producing loci, of which 5,482 lncRNAs showed differential expression in response to heat stress. Heat-responsive lncRNAs could target protein-coding genes in cis and trans and in lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks. Gene ontology analysis predicted that target protein-coding genes of lncRNAs regulate various biological processes such as hormonal responses, protein modification and folding, response to stress, and biosynthetic and metabolic processes. We also noted some paired lncRNA/protein-coding gene modules and some lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules shared in two or more wheat cultivars. These modules were related to regulating plant responses to heat stress, such as heat-shock proteins and transcription factors, and protein domains, such as MADS-box, Myc-type, and Alpha crystallin/Hsp20 domain. Conclusion Our results provide the basic knowledge and molecular resources for future functional studies investigating wheat reproductive development under heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohan B. Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Mohan S, Hakami MA, Dailah HG, Khalid A, Najmi A, Zoghebi K, Halawi MA. Bridging autoimmunity and epigenetics: The influence of lncRNA MALAT1. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155041. [PMID: 38199135 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune disorders represent a heterogeneous spectrum of conditions defined by an immune system's atypical reactivity against endogenous constituents. In the complex anatomy of autoimmune pathogenesis, lncRNAs have appeared as pivotal arbiters orchestrating the mechanisms of ailment initiation, immune cascades, and transcriptional modulation. One such lncRNA, MALAT1, has garnered attention for its potential association with the aetiology of several autoimmune diseases. MALAT1 has been shown to influence a wide spectrum of cellular processes, which include cell multiplication and specialization, as well as apoptosis and inflammation. In autoimmune diseases, MALAT1 exhibits both disease-specific and shared patterns of dysregulation, often correlating with disease severity. The molecular mechanisms underlying MALAT1's impact on autoimmune disorders include epigenetic modifications, alternative splicing, and modulation of gene expression networks. Additionally, MALAT1's intricate interactions with microRNAs, other lncRNAs, and protein-coding genes further underscore its role in immune regulation and autoimmune disease progression. Understanding the contribution of MALAT1 in autoimmune pathogenesis across different diseases could offer valuable insights into shared pathways, thereby clearing a path for the creation of innovative and enhanced therapeutic approaches to address these complex disorders. This review aims to elucidate the complex role of MALAT1 in autoimmune disorders, encompassing rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), type 1 diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, and psoriasis. Furthermore, it discusses the potential of MALAT1 as a diagnostic biomarker, therapeutic target, and prognostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India; Center for Global health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India
| | - Mohammed Ageeli Hakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hamad Ghaleb Dailah
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asim Najmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Zoghebi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam A Halawi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Bravo-Vázquez LA, Paul S, Colín-Jurado MG, Márquez-Gallardo LD, Castañón-Cortés LG, Banerjee A, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK. Exploring the Therapeutic Significance of microRNAs and lncRNAs in Kidney Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:123. [PMID: 38275604 PMCID: PMC10815231 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two crucial classes of transcripts that belong to the major group of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). These RNA molecules have significant influence over diverse molecular processes due to their crucial role as regulators of gene expression. However, the dysregulated expression of these ncRNAs constitutes a fundamental factor in the etiology and progression of a wide variety of multifaceted human diseases, including kidney diseases. In this context, over the past years, compelling evidence has shown that miRNAs and lncRNAs could be prospective targets for the development of next-generation drugs against kidney diseases as they participate in a number of disease-associated processes, such as podocyte and nephron death, renal fibrosis, inflammation, transition from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease, renal vascular changes, sepsis, pyroptosis, and apoptosis. Hence, in this current review, we critically analyze the recent findings concerning the therapeutic inferences of miRNAs and lncRNAs in the pathophysiological context of kidney diseases. Additionally, with the aim of driving advances in the formulation of ncRNA-based drugs tailored for the management of kidney diseases, we discuss some of the key challenges and future prospects that should be addressed in forthcoming investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Bravo-Vázquez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico (S.P.)
| | - Sujay Paul
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico (S.P.)
| | - Miriam Guadalupe Colín-Jurado
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico (S.P.)
| | - Luis David Márquez-Gallardo
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico (S.P.)
| | - Luis Germán Castañón-Cortés
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico (S.P.)
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
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Han G, Bai X, Li F, Huang L, Hao Y, Li W, Bu P, Zhang H, Liu X, Xie J. Long non-coding RNA HANR modulates the glucose metabolism of triple negative breast cancer via stabilizing hexokinase 2. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23827. [PMID: 38192790 PMCID: PMC10772629 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated the oncogenic roles of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-associated long non-coding RNA (HANR) in the development of HCC and lung cancer; however, the involvement of HANR in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains largely unknown. Our results demonstrated the significant overexpression of HANR in TNBC tissues and cells. Higher HANR levels significantly correlated with the poorer phenotypes in patients with TNBC. HANR down-regulation inhibited the proliferation and cell cycle progression and increased the apoptosis of TNBC cells. Mechanistically, immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry revealed hexokinase II (HK2) as a direct binding target of HANR. HANR binds to and stabilizes HK2 through the proteasomal pathway. Consistent with the important role of HK2 in cancer cells, HANR depletion represses the glucose absorbance and lactate secretion, thus reprogramming the metabolism of TNBC cells. An in vivo xenograft model also demonstrated that HANR promoted tumor growth and aerobic glycolysis. This study reveals the role of HANR in modulating the glycolysis in TNBC cells by regulating HK2 stability, suggesting that HANR is a potential drug target for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Han
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiangdong Bai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yating Hao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Weina Li
- Department of radiotherapy, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Peng Bu
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Huanhu Zhang
- Gastroenterology Department, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
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12
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Cao W, Ren Y, Liu Y, Cao G, Chen Z, Wang F. KDM4A-AS1 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion via the miR-4306/STX6 Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr 2024; 34:55-68. [PMID: 38505873 DOI: 10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2024051414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
As a primary liver malignancy, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is commonly induced by chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Bioinformatics analysis reveals that long noncoding RNA KDM4A antisense RNA 1 (KDM4A-AS1) may be aberrantly expressed in HCC and its abnormal expression might influence prognosis in patients. We conducted this study to illustrate the functions and mechanism of KDM4A-AS1 in regulating HCC malignant cell behavior. KD-M4A-AS1, microRNA (miR)-4306 and messenger RNA syntaxin 6 (STX6) expression was examined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). HCC cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were measured by colony forming assays, flow cytometry, wound healing and Transwell assays. The interaction between genes was verified by RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays. Western blotting was performed to quantify protein expression of STX6 or apoptotic markers. KDM4A-AS1 was highly expressed in HCC cells and tissues. KDM4A-AS1 knockdown led to enhanced HCC cell apoptosis and suppressed HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. MiR-4306 bound to and negatively regulated STX6. KDM4A-AS1 directly bound to miR-4306 and thus up-regulated STX6. STX6 overexpression reversed the inhibitory influence of KDM4A-AS1 depletion on HCC malignant behavior. KDM4A-AS1 promotes HCC cell migration, invasion, and growth by upregulating STX6 via miR-4306.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Yuhan Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Guoshu Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Emergency, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine
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13
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Murphy MR, Ramadei A, Doymaz A, Varriano S, Natelson D, Yu A, Aktas S, Mazzeo M, Mazzeo M, Zakusilo G, Kleiman F. Long non-coding RNA generated from CDKN1A gene by alternative polyadenylation regulates p21 expression during DNA damage response. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:11911-11926. [PMID: 37870464 PMCID: PMC10681730 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative Polyadenylation (APA) is an emerging mechanism for dynamic changes in gene expression. Previously, we described widespread APA occurrence in introns during the DNA damage response (DDR). Here, we show that a DDR-activated APA event occurs in the first intron of CDKN1A, inducing an alternate last exon-containing lncRNA. We named this lncRNA SPUD (Selective Polyadenylation Upon DNA Damage). SPUD localizes to polysomes in the cytoplasm and is detectable as multiple isoforms in available high-throughput studies. SPUD has low abundance compared to the CDKN1A full-length isoform under non-stress conditions, and SPUD is induced in cancer and normal cells under a variety of DNA damaging conditions in part through p53. The RNA binding protein HuR binds to and promotes the stability of SPUD precursor RNA. SPUD induction increases p21 protein, but not mRNA levels, affecting p21 functions in cell-cycle, CDK2 expression and cell growth. Like CDKN1A full-length isoform, SPUD can bind two competitive p21 translational regulators, the inhibitor calreticulin and the activator CUGBP1; SPUD alters their association with CDKN1A full-length in a DDR-dependent manner, promoting CDKN1A translation. Together, these results show a new regulatory mechanism by which a lncRNA controls p21 expression post-transcriptionally, highlighting lncRNA relevance in DDR progression and cell-cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Murphy
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Biology Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Anthony Ramadei
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Biology Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ahmet Doymaz
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Sophia Varriano
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Biology Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Devorah M Natelson
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Biology Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Amy Yu
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Sera Aktas
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Marie Mazzeo
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Michael Mazzeo
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - George Zakusilo
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Frida E Kleiman
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Biology Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
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14
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Xia X, Hou J, Ren P, Liu M, Wang L, Wei X, Teng Z, Kasianenko O, Cheng L, Hu J. Coexpression analysis of lncRNAs and mRNAs identifies potential regulatory long noncoding RNAs involved in the inflammatory effects of lipopolysaccharide on bovine mammary epithelial cells. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:209. [PMID: 37845761 PMCID: PMC10580555 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03780-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The infection of bovine mammary glands by pathogenic microorganisms not only causes animal distress but also greatly limits the development of the dairy industry and animal husbandry. A deeper understanding of the host's initial response to infection may increase the accuracy of selecting drug-resistant animals or facilitate the development of new preventive or therapeutic intervention strategies. In addition to their functions of milk synthesis and secretion, bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) play an irreplaceable role in the innate immune response. To better understand this process, the current study identified differentially expressed long noncoding lncRNAs (DE lncRNAs) and mRNAs (DE mRNAs) in BMECs exposed to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and further explored the functions and interactions of these lncRNAs and mRNAs. RESULTS In this study, transcriptome analysis was performed by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and the functions of the DE mRNAs and DE lncRNAs were predicted by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. Next, we constructed a modulation network to gain a deeper understanding of the interactions and roles of these lncRNAs and mRNAs in the context of LPS-induced inflammation. A total of 231 DE lncRNAs and 892 DE mRNAs were identified. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that pathways related to inflammation and the immune response were markedly enriched in the DE genes. In addition, research results have shown that cell death mechanisms, such as necroptosis and pyroptosis, may play key roles in LPS-induced inflammation. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the current study identified DE lncRNAs and mRNAs and predicted the signaling pathways and biological processes involved in the inflammatory response of BMECs that might become candidate therapeutic and prognostic targets for mastitis. This study also revealed several possible pathogenic mechanisms of mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Xia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, PR China.
| | - Jie Hou
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, PR China
| | - Pengfei Ren
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, PR China
| | - Mingcheng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, PR China
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, PR China
| | - Xiaobing Wei
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, PR China
| | - Zhanwei Teng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, PR China
| | - Oksana Kasianenko
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Likun Cheng
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, 256600, PR China.
| | - Jianhe Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, PR China
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15
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Zhang T, Leng Y, Duan M, Li Z, Ma Y, Huang C, Shi Q, Wang Y, Wang C, Liu D, Zhao X, Cheng S, Liu A, Zhou Y, Liu J, Pan Z, Zhang H, Shen L, Zhao H. LncRNA GAS5-hnRNPK axis inhibited ovarian cancer progression via inhibition of AKT signaling in ovarian cancer cells. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:157. [PMID: 37639158 PMCID: PMC10462600 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00764-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of ovarian cancer ranks third among gynecologic malignancies, but the mortality rate ranks first. METHODS The expression of GAS5 is low in ovarian cancer and is associated with the low survival of ovarian cancer patients according to public ovarian cancer databases. GAS5 overexpression inhibited ovarian malignancy by affecting the proliferation and migratory abilities in OVCAR3 and A2780 cells. GAS5 overexpression increased the rate of cell apoptosis, and the cells were blocked in the G1 phase as assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS We found that hnRNPK was a potential target gene, which was regulated negatively by GAS5 based on RNA-pulldown and mass spectrometry analysis. Mechanistically, GAS5 affected the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways and bound the protein of hnRNPK, which influenced hnRNPK stability. Furthermore, rescue assays demonstrated hnRNPK was significantly involved in the progression of ovarian cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed one of the mechanisms that GAS5 inhibited ovarian cancer metastasis by down-regulating hnRNPK expression, and GAS5 can be used to predict the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, 442000, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yahui Leng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Mengjing Duan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
- Hengdian Central Health Center, Huangpi District, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zihang Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yongqing Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Chengyang Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Qin Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- The Second Clinical College, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuang Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Ao Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongqiu Pan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Huimei Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Shen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, 442000, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Shi Y, Zhao Z, He X, Luo J, Chen T, Xi Q, Zhang Y, Sun J. The Characteristic Function of Blood-Derived Exosomes and Exosomal circRNAs Isolated from Dairy Cattle during the Dry Period and Mid-Lactation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12166. [PMID: 37569544 PMCID: PMC10419012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are key mediators of intercellular communication. They are secreted by most cells and contain a cargo of protein-coding genes, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), which modulate recipient cell behavior. Herein, we collected blood samples from Holstein cows at days 30 (mid-lactation) and 250 (dry period) of pregnancy. Prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estrogen, and progesterone levels showed an obvious increase during D250. We then extracted exosomes from bovine blood samples and found that their sizes generally ranged from 100 to 200 nm. Further, Western blotting validated that they contained CD9, CD63, and TSG101, but not calnexin. Blood-derived exosomes significantly promoted the proliferation of mammary epithelial cells, particularly from D250. This change was accompanied by increased expression levels of proliferation marker proteins PCNA, cyclin D, and cyclin E, as detected by EdU assay, cell counting kit-8 assay, and flow cytometric cell cycle analysis. Moreover, we treated mammary epithelial cells with blood-derived exosomes that were isolated from the D30 and D250 periods. And RNA-seq of two groups of cells led to the identification of 839 differentially expressed genes that were significantly enriched in KEGG signaling pathways associated with apoptosis, cell cycle and proliferation. In bovine blood-derived exosomes, we found 12,747 protein-coding genes, 31,181 lncRNAs, 9374 transcripts of uncertain coding potential (TUCP) candidates, and 460 circRNAs, and 32 protein-coding genes, 806 lncRNAs, 515 TUCP candidates, and 45 circRNAs that were differentially expressed between the D30 and D250 groups. We selected six highly expressed and four differentially expressed circRNAs to verify their head-to-tail splicing using PCR and Sanger sequencing. To summarize, our findings improve our understanding of the key roles of blood-derived exosomes and the characterization of exosomal circRNAs in mammary gland development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yongliang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Z.); (X.H.); (J.L.); (T.C.); (Q.X.)
| | - Jiajie Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Z.); (X.H.); (J.L.); (T.C.); (Q.X.)
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17
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Peng Q, Duan N, Wang X, Wang W. The potential roles of cigarette smoke-induced extracellular vesicles in oral leukoplakia. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:250. [PMID: 37481562 PMCID: PMC10362576 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01217-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The onset of oral leukoplakia (OLK), the most common oral lesion with a high risk of malignant transformation, is closely associated with the exposure of cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke is a complicated mixture of more than 4500 different chemicals including various oxidants and free radical, which contributes to the onset of immune and inflammatory response or even carcinogenesis. Recent studies have proved that the exposure of cigarette smoke leads to the onset and aggravation of many diseases via significantly changed the production and components of extracellular vesicles. The extracellular vesicles are membrane-enclosed nanosized particles secreted by diverse cells and involved in cell-cell communication because of their ability to deliver a number of bioactive molecules including proteins, lipids, DNAs and RNAs. Getting insight into the mechanisms of extracellular vesicles in regulating OLK upon cigarette smoke stimulation contributes to unravel the pathophysiology of OLK in-depth. However, evidence done on the role of extracellular vesicles in cigarette smoke-induced OLK is still in its infancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant literatures on cigarette smoke, oral leukoplakia and extracellular vesicles were searched in PubMed database. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we summarize the recent findings about the function of extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of cigarette smoke-induced diseases, and to infer their potential utilizations as diagnostic biomarkers, prognostic evaluation, and therapeutic targets of OLK in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Peng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ning Duan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Wenmei Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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18
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Ding Z, Yang J, Wu B, Wu Y, Guo F. Long non-coding RNA CCHE1 modulates LDHA-mediated glycolysis and confers chemoresistance to melanoma cells. Cancer Metab 2023; 11:10. [PMID: 37480145 PMCID: PMC10360318 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-023-00309-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is considered as the most common metastatic skin cancer with increasing incidence and high mortality globally. The vital roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the tumorigenesis of melanoma are elucidated by emerging evidence. The lncRNA cervical carcinoma high-expressed 1 (CCHE1) was overexpressed and acted as an oncogene in a variety of cancers, while the function of CCHE1 in melanoma remains unclear. Here, we found that CCHE1 was highly expressed in melanoma and correlated with the poorer survival of melanoma patients. Depletion of CCHE1 inhibited the proliferation, induced cell apoptosis and suppressed in vivo tumor growth. To further understand the functional mechanism of CCHE1, the interacting partners of CCHE1 were identified via RNA pull-down assay followed by mass spectrometry. CCHE1 was found to bind lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and acted as a scaffold to enhance the interaction of LDHA with the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 1 (FGFR1), which consequently enhanced LDHA phosphorylation and activity of LDHA. Inhibiting CCHE1 strikingly suppressed the glycolytic flux of melanoma cells and lactate generation in vivo. Further study demonstrated that CCHE1 desensitized melanoma cells to dacarbazine and inhibition of glycolysis reversed CCHE1-induced chemoresistance. These results uncovered the novel function of CCHE1 in melanoma by reprogramming the glucose metabolism via orchestrating the activity of LDHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ding
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junyi Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baojin Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingzhi Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanli Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Long Non-Coding RNA uc003jox.1 Promotes Keloid Fibroblast Proliferation and Invasion Through Activating the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:556-560. [PMID: 36730437 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of keloids is complex and unclear, and the treatment of this condition remains challenging. The long non-coding RNA uc003jox.1 is highly expressed in keloid tissues compared with in normal skin tissues. We assessed the role of uc003jox.1 in keloid fibroblasts and its underlying mechanism, focusing on the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway. Keloid fibroblasts were transfected with a small interfering RNA targeting uc003jox.1. Colony formation, transwell, and flow cytometry assays were conducted to evaluate the proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of keloid fibroblasts, respectively. The interaction between uc003jox.1 and the PI3K/AKT pathway was explored by using polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Knockdown of uc003jox.1 markedly suppressed keloid fibroblast proliferation, clone-forming activity, and invasion, as well as promoted apoptosis. Silencing of uc003jox.1 decreased the phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT, and mammalian target of rapamycin and increased both the mRNA and protein expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homolog. Our in vitro results suggest that the long non-coding RNA uc003jox.1 can be used as a biomarker for keloid fibroblasts and that its expression is closely related to the proliferation and invasion of keloid fibroblasts through the PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. Thus, uc003jox.1 shows potential as a treatment target for keloids.
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20
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Wang Z, Ma J, Wu R, Kong Y, Sun C. Recent advances of long non-coding RNAs in control of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1167592. [PMID: 37065737 PMCID: PMC10102572 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1167592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Gluconeogenesis is the main process for endogenous glucose production during prolonged fasting, or certain pathological conditions, which occurs primarily in the liver. Hepatic gluconeogenesis is a biochemical process that is finely controlled by hormones such as insulin and glucagon, and it is of great importance for maintaining normal physiological blood glucose levels. Dysregulated gluconeogenesis induced by obesity is often associated with hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in various cellular events, from gene transcription to protein translation, stability, and function. In recent years, a growing number of evidences has shown that lncRNAs play a key role in hepatic gluconeogenesis and thereby, affect the pathogenesis of T2D. Here we summarized the recent progress in lncRNAs and hepatic gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neurogeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jinyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neurogeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Runze Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Changshu No.2 People’s Hospital, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinghong Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, Changshu No.2 People’s Hospital, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Yinghong Kong, ; Cheng Sun,
| | - Cheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neurogeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Yinghong Kong, ; Cheng Sun,
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21
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Context-Dependent Function of Long Noncoding RNA PURPL in Transcriptome Regulation during p53 Activation. Mol Cell Biol 2022; 42:e0028922. [PMID: 36342127 PMCID: PMC9753727 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00289-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPL is a p53-induced lncRNA that suppresses basal p53 levels. Here, we investigated PURPL upon p53 activation in liver cancer cells, where it is expressed at significantly higher levels than other cell types. Using isoform sequencing, we discovered novel PURPL transcripts that have a retained intron and/or previously unannotated exons. To determine PURPL function upon p53 activation, we performed transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) after depleting PURPL using CRISPR interference (CRISPRi), followed by Nutlin treatment to induce p53. Strikingly, although loss of PURPL in untreated cells altered the expression of only 7 genes, loss of PURPL resulted in altered expression of ~800 genes upon p53 activation, revealing a context-dependent function of PURPL. Pathway analysis suggested that PURPL is important for fine-tuning the expression of specific genes required for mitosis. Consistent with these results, we observed a significant decrease in the percentage of mitotic cells upon PURPL depletion. Collectively, these data identify novel transcripts from the PURPL locus and suggest that PURPL delicately moderates the expression of mitotic genes in the context of p53 activation to control cell cycle arrest.
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22
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Wufuer A, Luohemanjiang X, Du L, Lei J, Shabier M, Han DF, Ma J. ANRIL overexpression globally induces expression and alternative splicing of genes involved in inflammation in HUVECs. Mol Med Rep 2022; 27:27. [PMID: 36524379 PMCID: PMC9813546 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non‑coding (lnc)RNAs serve important cellular functions and certain lncRNAs have roles in different mechanisms of gene regulation. lncRNA‑antisense non‑coding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) affects cell inflammation; however, the potential genes underlying the inflammatory response regulated by ANRIL remain unclear. In the present study, the potential function of ANRIL in regulating gene expression and alternative splicing was assessed. ANRIL‑regulated human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) transcriptome was obtained using high‑throughput RNA sequencing (RNA‑seq) to evaluate the potential role of ANRIL. Following plasmid transfection, gene expression profile and alternative splicing pattern of HUVECs overexpressing ANRIL were analyzed using RNA‑seq. ANRIL overexpression affected the transcription levels of genes associated with the inflammatory response, NF‑κB signaling pathway, type I interferon‑mediated signal transduction pathway and innate immune response. ANRIL regulated the alternative splicing of hundreds of genes with functions such as gene expression, translation, DNA repair, RNA processing and participation in the NF‑κB signaling pathway. Many of these genes serve a key role in the inflammatory response. ANRIL‑regulated inflammatory response may be achieved by regulating alternate splicing and transcription. The present study broadened the understanding of ANRIL‑mediated gene regulation mechanisms and clarified the role of ANRIL in mediating inflammatory response mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alimu Wufuer
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Xiemusiye Luohemanjiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Lei Du
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Jing Lei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Mayila Shabier
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Deng Feng Han
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Jianhua Ma, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China, E-mail:
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23
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Biogenesis, classification, and role of LncRNAs in tumor angiogenesis: A focus on tumor and its neighbouring cells, and interaction with miRNAs. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Zooming in on Long Non-Coding RNAs in Ewing Sarcoma Pathogenesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081267. [PMID: 35455947 PMCID: PMC9032025 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a rare aggressive cancer of bone and soft tissue that is mainly characterized by a reciprocal chromosomal translocation. As a result, about 90% of cases express the EWS-FLI1 fusion protein that has been shown to function as an aberrant transcription factor driving sarcomagenesis. ES is the second most common malignant bone tumor in children and young adults. Current treatment modalities include dose-intensified chemo- and radiotherapy, as well as surgery. Despite these strategies, patients who present with metastasis or relapse still have dismal prognosis, warranting a better understanding of treatment resistant-disease biology in order to generate better prognostic and therapeutic tools. Since the genomes of ES tumors are relatively quiet and stable, exploring the contributions of epigenetic mechanisms in the initiation and progression of the disease becomes inevitable. The search for novel biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets of cancer metastasis and chemotherapeutic drug resistance is increasingly focusing on long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Recent advances in genome analysis by high throughput sequencing have immensely expanded and advanced our knowledge of lncRNAs. They are non-protein coding RNA species with multiple biological functions that have been shown to be dysregulated in many diseases and are emerging as crucial players in cancer development. Understanding the various roles of lncRNAs in tumorigenesis and metastasis would determine eclectic avenues to establish therapeutic and diagnostic targets. In ES, some lncRNAs have been implicated in cell proliferation, migration and invasion, features that make them suitable as relevant biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In this review, we comprehensively discuss known lncRNAs implicated in ES that could serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets of the disease. Though some current reviews have discussed non-coding RNAs in ES, to our knowledge, this is the first review focusing exclusively on ES-associated lncRNAs.
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An Evolutionarily Conserved AU-Rich Element in the 3' Untranslated Region of a Transcript Misannotated as a Long Noncoding RNA Regulates RNA Stability. Mol Cell Biol 2022; 42:e0050521. [PMID: 35274990 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00505-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the primary mechanisms of post-transcriptional gene regulation is the modulation of RNA stability. We recently discovered that LINC00675, a transcript annotated as a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), is transcriptionally regulated by FOXA1 and encodes a highly conserved small protein that localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum, hence renamed as FORCP (FOXA1-regulated conserved small protein). Here, we show that the endogenous FORCP transcript is rapidly degraded and rendered unstable as a result of 3'UTR-mediated degradation. Surprisingly, although the FORCP transcript is a canonical nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) and microRNA (miRNA) target, we found that it is not degraded by NMD or miRNAs. Targeted deletion of an evolutionarily conserved region in the FORCP 3'UTR using CRISPR/Cas9 significantly increased the stability of the FORCP transcript. Interestingly, this region requires the presence of an immediate downstream 55-nt-long sequence for transcript stability regulation. Functionally, colorectal cancer cells lacking this conserved region expressed from the endogenous FORCP locus displayed decreased proliferation and clonogenicity. These data demonstrate that the FORCP transcript is destabilized via conserved elements within its 3'UTR and emphasize the need to interrogate the function of a given 3'UTR in its native context.
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