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Popiolek M, Lidén M, Georgouleas P, Sahlén K, Sundqvist P, Jendeberg J. Radiological signs of stone impaction add no value in predicting spontaneous stone passage. Urolithiasis 2024; 52:114. [PMID: 39105826 PMCID: PMC11303465 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-024-01604-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Stone size and location are key factors in predicting spontaneous stone passage (SSP), but little attention has been paid to the influence of radiological signs of stone impaction (RSSI). This research aims to determine whether RSSI, alongside stone size, can predict SSP and to evaluate the consistency of ureteral wall thickness (UWT) measurements among observers. In this retrospective study, 160 patients with a single upper or middle ureteral stone on acute non-enhanced computed tomography (NCCT) were analysed. Patient data were collected from medical records. Measurements of RSSI, including UWT, ureteral diameters, and average attenuation above and below the stone, were taken on NCCT by four independent readers blind to the outcomes. The cohort consisted of 70% males with an average age of 51 ± 15. SSP occurred in 61% of patients over 20 weeks. The median stone length was 5.7 mm (IQR: 4.5-7.3) and was significantly shorter in patients who passed their stones at short- (4.6 vs. 7.1, p < 0.001) and long-term (4.8 vs. 7.1, p < 0.001) follow-up. For stone length, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for predicting SSP was 0.90 (CI 0.84-0.96) and only increased to 0.91 (CI 0.85-0.95) when adding ureteral diameters and UWT. Ureteral attenuation did not predict SSP (AUC < 0.5). Interobserver variability for UWT was moderate, with ± 2.0 mm multi-reader limits of agreement (LOA). The results suggest that RSSI do not enhance the predictive value of stone size for SSP. UWT measurements exhibit moderate reliability with significant interobserver variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Popiolek
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 701 85, Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Mats Lidén
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Petros Georgouleas
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 701 85, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Klara Sahlén
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Sundqvist
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 701 85, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Johan Jendeberg
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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Wang Z, Chi J, Liu Y, Wu J, Cui Y, Yang C. Efficacy of mirabegron for ureteral stones: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1326600. [PMID: 38178860 PMCID: PMC10765542 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1326600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Medical expulsive therapy demonstrates efficacy in managing ureteral stones in patients amenable to conservative interventions. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of mirabegron in the treatment of ureteral stones. Methods: From conception to November 2023, we examined PubMed databases, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Ovid, Scopus, and trial registries for this systematic review and meta-analysis. We chose relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of mirabegron as an expulsive treatment for ureteral stones. The Cochrane risk of bias method was used to assess the quality of the evidence. Outcome measures, which included the stone expulsion rate (SER), expulsion time, and pain episodes, were analyzed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 17. Results: Seven RCTs (N = 701) had enough information and were ultimately included. In patients with ureteral stones, mirabegron-treated patients had a substantially higher SER [odds ratio (OR) = 2.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.41-4.68, p = 0.002] than placebo-treated patients. Subgroup analysis revealed that mirabegron was superior to placebo in patients with small ureteral stones (OR = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.05-4.87, p = 0.04), with no heterogeneity between studies (p = 0.54; I2 = 0%). Mirabegron patients had a higher SER than the control group for distal ureteral stones (DUSs) (OR = 2.48, 95% CI = 1.31-4.68, p = 0.005). However, there was no difference in stone ejection time or pain episodes between groups. Conclusion: Mirabegron considerably improves SER in patients with ureteral stones, and the effect appears to be more pronounced for small and DUSs. Nevertheless, mirabegron treatment was not associated with improved stone expulsion time or pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Junpeng Chi
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yuhua Liu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Jitao Wu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanshan Cui
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Chenchen Yang
- Department of Urology, Tengzhou Central People’s Hospital, Tengzhou, China
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Rasheed Y, Nazim SM, Mirani KK, Zakaria M, Nasir MB. A Prospective Evaluation of the Association of Ureteral Wall Thickness With Intraoperative Stone Impaction in Ureteroscopy. Cureus 2023; 15:e35972. [PMID: 37041922 PMCID: PMC10082950 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective In this study, we aimed to analyze the association of ureteral wall thickness (UWT) measured on non-contrast CT (NCCT) with stone impaction as found in ureteroscopy (URS). Materials and methods We analyzed 43 patients who underwent URS and pneumatic/laser lithotripsy for ureteric stones from May to November 2022. The UWT was measured by an experienced radiologist on NCCT. Clinical predictors of the impacted stone were calculated by univariate and multivariate regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated for the UWT cutoff to apply it for impaction with different parameters. We also evaluated the association of intra- and postoperative parameters of the two groups with UWT. Results Out of the 43 patients with stones, 26 (60.46%) patients had impacted stones. Univariate analysis was used to analyze the site (left-sided stone impacted more commonly), stone size, stone density [Hounsfield unit (HU)], hydronephrosis, UWT, and duration between initial presentation and surgery, and multivariate analysis was utilized to assess stone density, as well as UWT's association with impacted stones. The ROC curve showed a cutoff of 3.5 mm for UWT with an accuracy of 0.83. High UWT (≥3.5 mm) was associated with a significantly lower stone-free rate, more complications, and mean operative time as compared to low UWT (<3.5 mm) (p<0.05). Conclusion Based on our findings, high UWT is associated with high rates of impacted stones and a lower stone-free rate when compared to low UWT.
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Non-contrast computed tomography-based factors in predicting ESWL success: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Prog Urol 2023; 33:27-47. [PMID: 36202729 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2022.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We assessed the efficacy of some predictive factors that can be measured with non-contrast computed tomography and may affect ESWL success with a systematic review and meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS All data sources were broadly investigated up to April 2022. Data were extracted from the relevant studies and analyzed with RevMan software. In a random effects model, standard mean difference (SMD) and risk ratio (RR) values were given with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS In total, pooled analysis included 7148 patients in 43 studies. The combined effect estimate showed significant differences between the ESWL success and ESWL failure groups in terms of Hounsfield unit (HU), Hounsfield density (HD), skin to stone distance (SSD), ureteral wall thickness (UWT), stone volume, stone area, abdominal fat parameters, diameter of proximal ureter, and hydronephrosis. However, perinephric stranding and renal cortical thickness were not found to be statistically significant between the study groups. CONCLUSIONS HU, HD, SSD, UWT, stone volume, stone area, abdominal fat parameters, diameter of proximal ureter and hydronephrosis are effective factors for prediction of ESWL success. It is important to decide on treatment before the procedure for stones with appropriate diameter for ESWL.
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Aghaways I, Ibrahim R, Bapir R, Salih RQ, Salih KM, Abdulla BA. The role of inflammatory serum markers and ureteral wall thickness on spontaneous passage of ureteral stone < 10 mm: A prospective cohort study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 80:104198. [PMID: 36045783 PMCID: PMC9422225 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ureteral stone is a worldwide disease and accounts for 20% of all urolithiasis. There is a widespread discussion on the preferred initial treatment method, whether medical or surgical, and each has its pros and cons. In this study, we aimed to assess the role of both ureteral wall thickness around the stone and inflammatory markers in guiding the decision-making process. Methods In this prospective study, 161 patients who presented with ureteric colic and were diagnosed with ureteral stone with NCCT were included. UWT around the stone was measured, and the NLR and PLR were calculated. The patients were given a single daily dose of tamsulosin 0.4 mg for 4 weeks with weekly follow-up to determine SSP or failure. Results Of the 161 patients with a mean age 40.12 ± 12.36 SD, 55.9% had a spontaneous stone passage. Receiver operating characteristics showed a cut off value of 2.45 mm UWT of non SSP patients with an 83% sensitivity and 86% specificity. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between higher NLR, PLR and increased UWT (Pearson correlation of 0.314 and 0.426 respectively). The combined higher NLR, PLR and increased UWT were associated with failure of SSP (p-value <0.001). Conclusion Many factors play a role in decision making for management of ureteral stones. Our study concludes that patients with high NLR, PLR, and UWT around the stone have lesser chance of SSP using MET. Their rise can be used as predictors to decide early intervention. Ureteral stone is a worldwide disease and accounts for 20% of all urolithiasis. Impacted ureteral stones occupy the majority of emergency department visits due to urolithiasis. The role of inflammatory serum markers and UWT around the stone on spontaneous passage are controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismaeel Aghaways
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Sulaymaniyah, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Rebaz Ibrahim
- Department of Urology, Sulaymaniyah Surgical Teaching Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Rawa Bapir
- Department of Urology, Sulaymaniyah Surgical Teaching Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
- U-merge Ltd. (Urology in Emerging Countries), London, UK
- Corresponding author. Doctor city, building 4, apartment 23, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
| | - Rawezh Q. Salih
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
- Kscien Organization, Hamdi Str, Azadi Mall, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Karzan M. Salih
- Iraqi Board for Medical Specialties, Department of Surgery, Sulaymaniyah Center, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Berwn A. Abdulla
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
- Kscien Organization, Hamdi Str, Azadi Mall, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq
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