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Trugilho L, Alvarenga L, Cardozo LF, Barboza I, Leite M, Fouque D, Mafra D. Vitamin E and conflicting understandings in noncommunicable diseases: Is it worth supplementing? Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 59:343-354. [PMID: 38220396 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.12.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin E is a lipid-soluble nutrient found mainly in vegetable oils and oilseeds. It is divided into eight homologous compounds; however, only α-tocopherol exhibits vitamin activity. Many advantages are related to these compounds, including cellular protection through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, and improving lipid metabolism. Physiopathology of many diseases incepts with reduced antioxidant defense, characterized by an increased reactive oxygen species production and activation of transcription factors involved in inflammation, such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), that can be linked to oxidative stress. Moreover, disorders of lipid metabolism can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In addition, intestinal dysbiosis plays a vital role in developing chronic non-communicable diseases. In this regard, vitamin E can be considered to mitigate those disorders, but data still needs to be more conclusive. This narrative review aims to elucidate the mechanisms of action of vitamin E and if supplementation can be beneficial in a disease scenario regarding non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Trugilho
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Livia Alvarenga
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ludmila Fmf Cardozo
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isis Barboza
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maurilo Leite
- Division of Nephrology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil
| | - Denis Fouque
- Department of Nephrology, Centre Hopitalier Lyon Sud, INSERM 1060, CENS, Université de Lyon, France
| | - Denise Mafra
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Amevor FK, Cui Z, Du X, Ning Z, Deng X, Xu D, Shu G, Wu Y, Cao X, Shuo W, Tian Y, Li D, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Du X, Zhu Q, Han X, Zhao X. Supplementation of Dietary Quercetin and Vitamin E Promotes the Intestinal Structure and Immune Barrier Integrity in Aged Breeder Hens. Front Immunol 2022; 13:860889. [PMID: 35386687 PMCID: PMC8977514 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.860889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In aged animals, the physiological functions of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are reduced. Dietary intervention is necessary to re-activate GIT functions. The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of dietary combination of quercetin (Q) and vitamin E (VE) on the intestinal structure and barrier integrity in aged breeder chickens. A sum of 400 (65-wks-old) Tianfu breeder hens were randomly allotted into four (4) groups with four (4) replicates, and fed with basal diet; basal diet supplemented with 0.4g/kg of Q; basal diet supplemented with 0.2g/kg of VE; and basal diet supplemented with the combination of Q (0.4 g/kg) and VE (0.2 g/kg) for 14 weeks. At the end of the 14th week, serum and gut segments were collected from eight hens per group for analyses. The results showed that Q+VE exerted synergistic effects on intestinal morphology by promoting villi height and crypt depth (P < 0.05), as well as mitigated the intestinal inflammatory damage of the aged hens, but decreased the concentration of serum D-lactate and diamine oxidase; and increased the levels of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and Mucin-2 mRNA (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the mRNA expression of intestinal tight junction proteins including occludin, ZO1, and claudin-1 was increased by Q+VE (P < 0.05). Moreover, Q+VE decreased the mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory genes (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory genes (IL-10 and IL-4) (P < 0.05). These results were consistent with the mRNA expression of Bax and Bcl-2. In addition, Q+VE protected the small intestinal tract from oxidative damage by increasing the levels of superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, catalase (P < 0.05), and the mRNA expression of SOD1 and GPx-2. However, Q+VE decreased malondialdehyde levels in the intestine compared to the control (P < 0.05). These results indicated that dietary Q+VE improved intestinal function in aged breeder hens, by protecting the intestinal structure and integrity. Therefore, Q+VE could act as an anti-aging agent to elevate the physiological functions of the small intestine in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kwame Amevor
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhifu Cui
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaxia Du
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zifan Ning
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Deng
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Youhao Wu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueqing Cao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Shuo
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaofu Tian
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Diyan Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohui Du
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Han
- Guizhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Human milk oligosaccharides 3′-sialyllactose and 6′-sialyllactose protect intestine against necrotizing enterocolitis damage induced by hypoxia. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Cakir U, Tayman C, Serkant U, Yakut HI, Cakir E, Ates U, Koyuncu I, Karaogul E. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) for the treatment and prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 225:297-308. [PMID: 30005955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most important gastrointestinal emergency affecting especially preterm infants and causes severe morbidities and mortality. However, there is no cure. Oxidant stress, inflammation, apoptosis, as well as prematurity are believed to responsible in the pathogenesis of the disease. Ginger and its compounds have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-oxidant properties and immunomodulatory, cytoprotective/regenerative actions. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects of ginger on the intestinal damage in an experimental rat model of NEC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty newborn Wistar rats were divided into three groups: NEC, NEC + ginger and control in this experimental study. NEC was induced by injection of intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide, feeding with enteral formula, hypoxia-hyperoxia and cold stress exposure. The pups in the NEC + ginger group were orally administered ginger at a dose of 1000 mg/kg/day. Proximal colon and ileum were excised. Histopathological, immunohistochemical (TUNEL for apoptosis, caspase 3 and 8) and biochemical assays including xanthine oxidase (XO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malonaldehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin1β (IL-1β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) activity were evaluated. RESULTS Compared with the NEC group, the rat pups in the NEC + ginger group had better clinical disease scores and weight gain (p < 0.05). Macroscopic evaluation, Histopathologic and apoptosis assessment (TUNEL, caspase 3 and 8) releaved that severity of intestinal damage were significantly lower in the NEC + ginger group (p < 0.05). The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the ginger treated group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The GSH-Px and SOD levels of the ginger treated group were significantly preserved in the NEC + ginger group (p < 0.05). The tissue XO, MDA and MPO levels of the NEC + ginger group were significantly lower than those in the NEC group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Ginger therapy efficiently ameliorated the severity of intestinal damage in NEC and may be a promising treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ufuk Cakir
- Department of Neonatology, Health Sciences University, Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Cuneyt Tayman
- Health Sciences University, Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Utku Serkant
- Department of Biochemistry, Golbası Public Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Halil Ibrahim Yakut
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences University, Ankara Hematology Oncology Children Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Esra Cakir
- Health Sciences University, Anesthesiology and Clinical of Critical Care, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ufuk Ates
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ismail Koyuncu
- Harran University Faculty of Medicine Department of Biochemistry, Sanlıurfa, Turkey.
| | - Eyyup Karaogul
- Harran University Engineering Faculty Food Science and Technology, Sanlıurfa, Turkey.
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Sun Y, Zhang J, Song W, Shan A. Vitamin E alleviates phoxim-induced toxic effects on intestinal oxidative stress, barrier function, and morphological changes in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:26682-26692. [PMID: 30003487 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2666-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phoxim is an organic phosphorus pesticide that remains easily in the environment, such as human food and animal feed. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of vitamin E on phoxim-induced oxidative stress in the intestinal tissues of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a control group and three treatment groups: treatment group 1 (phoxim: 20 mg/kg·BW), treatment group 2 (phoxim: 180 mg/kg·BW), and treatment 3 (vitamin E + phoxim: 200 mg/kg·BW + 180 mg/kg·BW). Phoxim was given by gavage administration once a day for 28 days. The results showed that phoxim significantly reduced jejunum villus height in rats (P < 0.05), and decreased the mRNA expression of junction protein genes of rats, including Occlidin and Claudin-4 (P < 0.05). Phoxim reduced GSH content and T-AOC level in the intestinal mucosa (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of oxidative stress-related genes (Nrf2 and GPx2) were decreased. The mRNA expression of SOD was significantly increased. In addition, phoxim increased the level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in jejunum mucosa and significantly reduced the level of IL-8 in ileum mucosas, while significantly increased TNF-α secretion. The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 were significantly decreased, and mRNA expression of TNF-α was significantly increased (P < 0.05). Phoxim also increased the DNA expression of total cecal bacteria and Escherichia coli, inhibited the DNA expression of Lactobacillus and destroyed the intestinal barrier. Two hundred milligrams per kilogram BW vitamin E reduced the effect of phoxim on intestinal structure, alleviated the oxidative stress in intestinal tissue, and decreased the level of TNF-α. The mRNA expressions of antioxidative stress genes (SOD and GPx2) were significantly increased. The DNA expression level of Lactobacillus was significantly increased. In conclusion, vitamin E helped reduce the toxicity of organophosphate pesticides, such as phoxim on rat intestinal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuecheng Sun
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Song
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Erginel B, Aydin FA, Erginel T, Tanik C, Abbasoglu SD, Soysal FG, Keskin E, Celik A, Salman T. Antioxidant Effects of Probiotics in Experimentally Induced Peritonitis. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2016; 17:114-8. [PMID: 26784678 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2015.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM An experimental study was performed to evaluate the protective effects of probiotics on gut mucosa in peritonitis through antioxidant mechanisms. METHODS Thirty-two male Wistar albino rats were divided equally into four groups. The rats in Group 1 (control group) underwent laparotomy only. In group 2 (peritonitis group), peritonitis was induced in the rats by the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model. In group 3, the rats were treated with probiotics for five days after CLP-induced peritonitis. The last group of rats (group 4) were fed probiotics for five days before the CLP procedure and five days after the surgery. On the fifth day after surgery, all rats were killed, and tissue samples from the terminal ileum were obtained to evaluate the activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH). Histopathologic examinations were also performed to evaluate the grade of intestinal injury. RESULTS Myeloperoxidase and MDA activities were increased, GSH concentrations were decreased in group 2, compared with group 1. Intestinal MPO activities in group 4 were decreased compared with group 1 and group 2, indicating a reduction in oxidant activity. Malondialdehyde decreased in group 3 and decreased even more in group 4, compared with the peritonitis group (group 2). Glutathione concentrations were increased in group 4 compared with group 2 and group 3 (p < 0.05). The Chiu scores of the probiotics groups, groups 3 and 4, were lower than those in group 2, indicating reduced mucosal damage in the probiotically fed groups. CONCLUSION Probiotics have protective effects in peritonitis, which may be related to antioxidant mechanisms. This antioxidant effect of probiotics might occur when pre-conditioning with probiotics before peritonitis because there is sufficient time to prepare the tissues for oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basak Erginel
- 1 Department of Paediatric Surgery, Istanbul University , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih A Aydin
- 2 Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Turgay Erginel
- 3 Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Canan Tanik
- 4 Department of Pathology, Sisli Etfal Education and Research Hospital , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semra D Abbasoglu
- 2 Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Feryal G Soysal
- 1 Department of Paediatric Surgery, Istanbul University , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erbug Keskin
- 1 Department of Paediatric Surgery, Istanbul University , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alaaddin Celik
- 1 Department of Paediatric Surgery, Istanbul University , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tansu Salman
- 1 Department of Paediatric Surgery, Istanbul University , Istanbul, Turkey
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Kletkiewicz H, Nowakowska A, Siejka A, Mila-Kierzenkowska C, Woźniak A, Caputa M, Rogalska J. Deferoxamine prevents cerebral glutathione and vitamin E depletions in asphyxiated neonatal rats: role of body temperature. Int J Hyperthermia 2016; 32:211-20. [PMID: 26794834 DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2015.1125955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury involves increased oxidative stress. In asphyxiated newborns iron deposited in the brain catalyses formation of reactive oxygen species. Glutathione (GSH) and vitamin E are key factors protecting cells against such agents. Our previous investigation has demonstrated that newborn rats, showing physiological low body temperature as well as their hyperthermic counterparts injected with deferoxamine (DF) are protected against iron-mediated, delayed neurotoxicity of perinatal asphyxia. Therefore, we decided to study the effects of body temperature and DF on the antioxidant status of the brain in rats exposed neonatally to critical anoxia. Two-day-old newborn rats were exposed to anoxia in 100% nitrogen atmosphere for 10 min. Rectal temperature was kept at 33 °C (physiological to rat neonates), or elevated to the level typical of healthy adult rats (37 °C), or of febrile adult rats (39 °C). Half of the rats exposed to anoxia under extremely hyperthermic conditions (39 °C) were injected with DF. Cerebral concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA, lipid peroxidation marker) and the levels of GSH and vitamin E were determined post-mortem, (1) immediately after anoxia, (2) 3 days, (3) 7 days, and (4) 2 weeks after anoxia. There were no post-anoxic changes in MDA, GSH and vitamin E concentrations in newborn rats kept at body temperature of 33 °C. In contrast, perinatal anoxia at elevated body temperatures intensified oxidative stress and depleted the antioxidant pool in a temperature-dependent manner. Both the depletion of antioxidants and lipid peroxidation were prevented by post-anoxic DF injection. The data support the idea that hyperthermia may extend perinatal anoxia-induced brain lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Kletkiewicz
- a N. Copernicus University , Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection , Toruń , Poland and
| | - Anna Nowakowska
- a N. Copernicus University , Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection , Toruń , Poland and
| | - Agnieszka Siejka
- a N. Copernicus University , Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection , Toruń , Poland and
| | | | - Alina Woźniak
- b N. Copernicus University , Department of Medical Biology, Collegium Medicum , Bydgoszcz , Poland
| | - Michał Caputa
- a N. Copernicus University , Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection , Toruń , Poland and
| | - Justyna Rogalska
- a N. Copernicus University , Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection , Toruń , Poland and
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Shivanna B, Zhang S, Patel A, Jiang W, Wang L, Welty SE, Moorthy B. Omeprazole Attenuates Pulmonary Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation and Potentiates Hyperoxia-Induced Developmental Lung Injury in Newborn Mice. Toxicol Sci 2015; 148:276-87. [PMID: 26272953 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperoxia contributes to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in human preterm infants and a similar lung phenotype characterized by alveolar simplification in newborn mice. Omeprazole (OM) is a proton pump inhibitor that is used to treat humans with gastric acid related disorders. OM-mediated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation attenuates acute hyperoxic lung injury (HLI) in adult mice. Whether OM activates pulmonary AhR and protects C57BL/6J newborn mice against hyperoxia-induced developmental lung (alveolar and pulmonary vascular simplification, inflammation, and oxidative stress) injury (HDLI) is unknown. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that OM will activate pulmonary AhR and mitigate HDLI in newborn mice. Newborn mice were treated daily with i.p. injections of OM at doses of 10 (OM10) or 25 (OM25) mg/kg while being exposed to air or hyperoxia (FiO2 of 85%) for 14 days, following which their lungs were harvested to determine alveolarization, pulmonary vascularization, inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular injury, and AhR activation. To our surprise, hyperoxia-induced alveolar and pulmonary vascular simplification, inflammation, oxidative stress, and vascular injury were augmented in OM25-treated animals. These findings were associated with attenuated pulmonary vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 expression and decreased pulmonary AhR activation in the OM25 group. We conclude that contrary to our hypothesis, OM decreases functional activation of pulmonary AhR and potentiates HDLI in newborn mice. These observations are consistent with our previous findings, which suggest that AhR activation plays a protective role in HDLI in newborn mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binoy Shivanna
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Shaojie Zhang
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Ananddeep Patel
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Weiwu Jiang
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Lihua Wang
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Stephen E Welty
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Bhagavatula Moorthy
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
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Mozaffari S, Abdollahi M. A Review on the Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Benefits of the Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor Pentoxifylline. INT J PHARMACOL 2013. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2013.245.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Joo MK, Park JJ, Lee BJ, Kim JH, Yeon JE, Kim JS, Byun KS, Bak YT. The effect of a proton pump inhibitor on bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats. Mol Med Rep 2013; 7:1267-72. [PMID: 23426758 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that long-term intake of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) increases the risk of vertebral or hip fracture; however, the exact mechanism for this is not known. To evaluate the effect of long-term PPI therapy on bone turnover, we analyzed the signaling pathway involved in osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption/formation markers using ovariectomized rats. Six-week-old Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rats were ovariectomized, and two weeks later they were divided into four groups (group A, normal diet + placebo; group B, low calcium diet + placebo; group C, normal diet + PPI; and group D, low calcium diet + PPI). Omeprazole, at a concentration of 30 mg/kg, was administered orally for eight weeks and the rats were sacrificed when they were 16 weeks old. The relative expression levels of the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio, c-Fos, nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) and osteocalcin in femoral bone marrow cells were compared, and serum C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I (CTX-1) levels were determined. The relative ratio of RANKL/OPG was increased in group D, and gene expression levels of c-Fos and NFATc1 were upregulated in groups B and D, which are involved in differentiation and activation of osteoclasts. Furthermore, expression levels of osteocalcin, a bone formation marker, were decreased and levels of serum CTX-1, a bone resorption marker, were increased in group D. Taken together, a low calcium diet and PPI administration are thought to collaborate in order to alter osteoclast activity and bone resorption signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Kyung Joo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Guro Hospital, Seoul 152-703, Republic of Korea
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Shivanna B, Chu C, Welty SE, Jiang W, Wang L, Couroucli XI, Moorthy B. Omeprazole attenuates hyperoxic injury in H441 cells via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51:1910-7. [PMID: 21906671 PMCID: PMC3901644 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Revised: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Hyperoxia contributes to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants. Earlier we observed that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-deficient mice are more susceptible to hyperoxic lung injury than AhR-sufficient mice, and this phenomenon was associated with a lack of expression of cytochrome P450 1A enzymes. Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor used in humans with gastric acid-related disorders, activates AhR in hepatocytes in vitro. However, the effects of omeprazole on AhR activation in the lungs and its impact on hyperoxia-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inflammation are unknown. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that omeprazole attenuates hyperoxia-induced cytotoxicity, ROS generation, and expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in human lung-derived H441 cells via AhR activation. Experimental groups included cells transfected with AhR small interfering RNA (siRNA). Hyperoxia resulted in significant increases in cytotoxicity, ROS generation, and MCP-1 production, which were significantly attenuated with the functional activation of AhR by omeprazole. The protective effects of omeprazole on cytotoxicity, ROS production, and MCP-1 production were lost in H441 cells whose AhR gene was silenced by AhR siRNA. These findings support the hypothesis that omeprazole protects against hyperoxic injury in vitro via AhR activation that is associated with decreased ROS generation and expression of MCP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binoy Shivanna
- Division of Neonatal–Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Guven A, Uysal B, Gundogdu G, Oztas E, Ozturk H, Korkmaz A. Melatonin ameliorates necrotizing enterocolitis in a neonatal rat model. J Pediatr Surg 2011; 46:2101-7. [PMID: 22075339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2011.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 06/26/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We designed the present study to evaluate the efficacy of melatonin (M) on the severity of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in a neonatal rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immediately after birth, pups were weighed and randomized into 3 groups: NEC, NEC + M, and control. Necrotizing enterocolitis was induced by enteral formula feeding and exposure to hypoxia after cold stress at 4°C and oxygen. The NEC + M group received 10 mg/kg M daily for 3 days after the first day of the NEC procedure. The pups were killed on the fourth day, and their intestinal tissues were harvested for biochemical and histopathologic analysis. Blood samples were also obtained from the pups. RESULTS The mortality rate and weight loss were highest in the NEC group. Malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl content were significantly increased, whereas superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were decreased in the NEC-treated pups. Melatonin prevented these changes, with these values being similar to control levels in the NEC + M group. Nitrate plus nitrite levels and serum tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1β were increased in the NEC group, and histopathologic injury score in the NEC group was significantly higher than that in the NEC + M group. CONCLUSION Melatonin significantly reduced the severity of NEC in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Guven
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, Etlik, 06018 Ankara, Turkey.
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Shivanna B, Jiang W, Wang L, Couroucli XI, Moorthy B. Omeprazole attenuates hyperoxic lung injury in mice via aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation and is associated with increased expression of cytochrome P4501A enzymes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2011; 339:106-14. [PMID: 21768223 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.111.182980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperoxia contributes to lung injury in experimental animals and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. Cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) enzymes, which are regulated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), have been shown to attenuate hyperoxic lung injury in rodents. Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, used in humans to treat gastric acid-related disorders, induces hepatic CYP1A in vitro. However, the mechanism by which omeprazole induces CYP1A and its impact on CYP1A expression in vivo and hyperoxic lung injury are unknown. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that omeprazole attenuates hyperoxic lung injury in adult wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J mice by an AhR-mediated induction of pulmonary and hepatic CYP1A enzymes. Accordingly, we determined the effects of omeprazole on pulmonary and hepatic CYP1A expression and hyperoxic lung injury in adult WT and AhR dysfunctional (AhRd) mice. We found that omeprazole attenuated lung injury in WT mice. Attenuation of lung injury by omeprazole paralleled enhanced pulmonary CYP1A1 and hepatic CYP1A2 expression in the omeprazole-treated mice. On the other hand, omeprazole failed to enhance pulmonary CYP1A1 and hepatic CYP1A2 expression and protect against hyperoxic lung injury in AhRd mice. In conclusion, our results suggest that omeprazole attenuates hyperoxic lung injury in mice by AhR-mediated mechanisms, and this phenomenon is associated with induction of CYP1A enzymes. These studies have important implications for the prevention and/or treatment of hyperoxia-induced disorders such as BPD in infants and acute respiratory distress syndrome in older children and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binoy Shivanna
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Guven A, Gundogdu G, Vurucu S, Uysal B, Oztas E, Ozturk H, Korkmaz A. Medical ozone therapy reduces oxidative stress and intestinal damage in an experimental model of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal rats. J Pediatr Surg 2009; 44:1730-5. [PMID: 19735816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2009.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2008] [Revised: 11/21/2008] [Accepted: 01/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains a major cause of morbidity and death in neonates. Evidence suggests that an imbalance between activated proinflammatory response with inadequate antiinflammatory protection results in NEC. Ozone has been proposed as an antioxidant enzyme activator, immunomodulator, and cellular metabolic activator. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate whether medical ozone therapy is effective on neonatal rat model of NEC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-eight newborn Sprague-Dawley pups were randomly divided into 3 groups of NEC, NEC + ozone, and control (left to breast feed). Necrotizing enterocolitis was induced by enteral formula feeding and exposure to 100% carbon dioxide inhalation for 10 minutes after +4 degrees C cold exposures for 5 minutes and 97% oxygen for 5 minutes 2 times daily. The NEC + ozone group received 0.7 mg/kg per day ozone/oxygen mixture intraperitoneally for a total of 3 days after first day of NEC procedure. The pups were killed at fourth day, and their intestinal tissues were harvested for biochemical and histopathologic analysis. Blood sample from pups were also obtained. RESULTS The mortality rate and the weight loss were significantly higher in NEC group than control and treatment groups. Oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl content) significantly increased and antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) were significantly decreased in NEC group. All these biochemical changes were ameliorated in NEC + ozone group. Nitrate plus nitrite levels and serum tumor necrosis factor alpha were elevated in NEC group and reduced in treatment group. In addition, histopathologic injury score of NEC group was significantly higher than NEC + ozone group. CONCLUSION Ozone treatment significantly reduced the severity of NEC by modulating antioxidative defense and antiinflammatory protection in our experimental animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Guven
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey.
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Sodhi C, Richardson W, Gribar S, Hackam DJ. The development of animal models for the study of necrotizing enterocolitis. Dis Model Mech 2008; 1:94-8. [PMID: 19048070 PMCID: PMC2562191 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.000315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the leading cause of death and long-term disability from gastrointestinal disease in preterm infants, and is characterized by acute and chronic intestinal inflammation that may lead to systemic sepsis and multi-system organ failure. NEC typically develops in the preterm infant after the administration of tube feeds, although it may occasionally be seen in full-term babies. Despite extensive clinical experience in the management of patients with NEC, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to its development remain incompletely understood. Several animal models have therefore been developed in a variety of species in order to study the pathogenesis of NEC and to develop more effective treatment strategies. This review seeks to examine the pros and cons of animal models that have been developed in the study of NEC over the past 30 years. It will highlight the various strengths and weaknesses of experimental approaches that have been used, and discuss potential directions for the development of such models for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chhinder Sodhi
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 3705 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ward Richardson
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 3705 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Steven Gribar
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 3705 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - David J. Hackam
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 3705 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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