1
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Oezer K, Kolibabka M, Gassenhuber J, Dietrich N, Fleming T, Schlotterer A, Morcos M, Wohlfart P, Hammes HP. The effect of GLP-1 receptor agonist lixisenatide on experimental diabetic retinopathy. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:1551-1565. [PMID: 37423944 PMCID: PMC10520173 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are effective treatments for type 2 diabetes, effectively lowering glucose without weight gain and with low risk for hypoglycemia. However, their influence on the retinal neurovascular unit remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the effects of the GLP-1 RA lixisenatide on diabetic retinopathy. METHODS Vasculo- and neuroprotective effects were assessed in experimental diabetic retinopathy and high glucose-cultivated C. elegans, respectively. In STZ-diabetic Wistar rats, acellular capillaries and pericytes (quantitative retinal morphometry), neuroretinal function (mfERG), macroglia (GFAP western blot) and microglia (immunohistochemistry) quantification, methylglyoxal (LC-MS/MS) and retinal gene expressions (RNA-sequencing) were determined. The antioxidant properties of lixisenatide were tested in C. elegans. RESULTS Lixisenatide had no effect on glucose metabolism. Lixisenatide preserved the retinal vasculature and neuroretinal function. The macro- and microglial activation was mitigated. Lixisenatide normalized some gene expression changes in diabetic animals to control levels. Ets2 was identified as a regulator of inflammatory genes. In C. elegans, lixisenatide showed the antioxidative property. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that lixisenatide has a protective effect on the diabetic retina, most likely due to a combination of neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of lixisenatide on the neurovascular unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuebra Oezer
- 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Matthias Kolibabka
- 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Nadine Dietrich
- 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Fleming
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Schlotterer
- 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Morcos
- 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Stoffwechselzentrum Rhein-Pfalz, Belchenstraße 1-5, 68163, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Paulus Wohlfart
- Sanofi, MSAT M&I Bioassays and Compliance, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Hammes
- 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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2
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Schiavi A, Cirotti C, Gerber LS, Di Lauro G, Maglioni S, Shibao PYT, Montresor S, Kirstein J, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Schins RPF, Wahle T, Barilà D, Ventura N. Abl depletion via autophagy mediates the beneficial effects of quercetin against Alzheimer pathology across species. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:376. [PMID: 37838776 PMCID: PMC10576830 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01592-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most common age-associated neurodegenerative disorder and the most frequent form of dementia in our society. Aging is a complex biological process concurrently shaped by genetic, dietary and environmental factors and natural compounds are emerging for their beneficial effects against age-related disorders. Besides their antioxidant activity often described in simple model organisms, the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of different dietary compounds remain however largely unknown. In the present study, we exploit the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a widely established model for aging studies, to test the effects of different natural compounds in vivo and focused on mechanistic aspects of one of them, quercetin, using complementary systems and assays. We show that quercetin has evolutionarily conserved beneficial effects against Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology: it prevents Amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced detrimental effects in different C. elegans AD models and it reduces Aβ-secretion in mammalian cells. Mechanistically, we found that the beneficial effects of quercetin are mediated by autophagy-dependent reduced expression of Abl tyrosine kinase. In turn, autophagy is required upon Abl suppression to mediate quercetin's protective effects against Aβ toxicity. Our data support the power of C. elegans as an in vivo model to investigate therapeutic options for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Schiavi
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claudia Cirotti
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, IRCCS-Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Lora-Sophie Gerber
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Giulia Di Lauro
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Silvia Maglioni
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Priscila Yumi Tanaka Shibao
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Janine Kirstein
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Roel P F Schins
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tina Wahle
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniela Barilà
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, IRCCS-Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Natascia Ventura
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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3
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Kumaree KK, Prasanth MI, Sivamaruthi BS, Kesika P, Tencomnao T, Chaiyasut C, Prasansuklab A. Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 enhances lifespan and promotes neuroprotection in Caenorhabditis elegans. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16707. [PMID: 37794096 PMCID: PMC10550917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43846-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Achieving healthy aging and providing protection from aging-related diseases is a major global concern. Probiotics, are a safer and more natural alternative. Moreover, identifying novel probiotics can help develop a new therapeutic approach and may help in personalized probiotic-formulations for individual's unique gut microbiome. In this study, we evaluated the benefits of our novel probiotic strains in promoting healthy aging and whether they protect against Amyloid β toxicity of Alzheimer's disease. Henceforth, we analyzed the impact of four different probiotics (Lactobacillus paracasei HII01, L. rhamnosus, L. reuteri, L. salivarius) on the lifespan extension of Caenorhabditis elegans model. Our results determine that L. paracasei HII01 provided the most positive effect on longevity and antiaging effects on C. elegans. The qPCR data and mutant-based studies indicated that L. paracasei HII01-mediated lifespan extension could be modulated by DAF-16 mediated pathway. The probiotic strains also protected the worms from the toxicity induced by β-Amyloid-expressing (Aβ) transgenic C. elegans strains, and L. paracasei HII01 provided the most significant protection. Overall, identifying novel probiotics is an important area of research that can improve health outcomes. Our study showed that L. paracasei HII01 could be considered a dietary supplement for providing healthy aging and preventing aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishoree K Kumaree
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Mani Iyer Prasanth
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Periyanaina Kesika
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Anchalee Prasansuklab
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Abstract
Frailty is a complex syndrome affecting a growing sector of the global population as medical developments have advanced human mortality rates across the world. Our current understanding of frailty is derived from studies conducted in the laboratory as well as the clinic, which have generated largely phenotypic information. Far fewer studies have uncovered biological underpinnings driving the onset and progression of frailty, but the stage is set to advance the field with preclinical and clinical assessment tools, multiomics approaches together with physiological and biochemical methodologies. In this article, we provide comprehensive coverage of topics regarding frailty assessment, preclinical models, interventions, and challenges as well as clinical frameworks and prevalence. We also identify central biological mechanisms that may be at play including mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, and oxidative stress that in turn, affect metabolism, stress responses, and endocrine and neuromuscular systems. We review the role of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and visceral obesity, focusing on glucose homeostasis, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ) as critical players influencing the age-related loss of health. We further focus on how immunometabolic dysfunction associates with oxidative stress in promoting sarcopenia, a key contributor to slowness, weakness, and fatigue. We explore the biological mechanisms involved in stem cell exhaustion that affect regeneration and may contribute to the frailty-associated decline in resilience and adaptation to stress. Together, an overview of the interplay of aging biology with genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors that contribute to frailty, as well as potential therapeutic targets to lower risk and slow the progression of ongoing disease is covered. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:1-46, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís R. Perazza
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Holly M. Brown-Borg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - LaDora V. Thompson
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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5
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Elkhedir A, Iqbal A, Albahi A, Tao M, Rong L, Xu X. Capsaicinoid-Glucosides of Fresh Hot Pepper Promotes Stress Resistance and Longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 77:30-36. [PMID: 35119578 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-021-00939-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, capsaicin-glucoside and dihydro-capsaicin-glucoside derived from fresh hot-red pepper were isolated and identified using UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/PDA. Synchronized worms were treated with capsaicinoid-glucosides (CG), and then lifespan and stress resistance were examined. The 50 µg/ml concentration of CG-intake could effectively protect the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) against stresses factors including oxidation and heat as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby enhancing the survival of CG-treated worms under stress. Enhancing stress resistance in CG-treated worms could be due to the increased expressions of stress-related genes in C. elegans such as daf-16, skn-1 and their downstream target genes (sod-3, hsp-16.2, gst-4 and gcs-1). Lifespan study of different C. elegans strains and RT-PCR showed that the CG-mediated lifespan extension was dependent on DAF-16/FOXO and SKN-1/Nrf2 transcription factors. The study is a step forward in exploring the stress resistance and anti-aging properties of this beneficial extract. Thus, this study will be useful in formulating remedies for stresses factors and age associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdeen Elkhedir
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Aamir Iqbal
- College of Agricultural and Life Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Amgad Albahi
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mingfang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Li Rong
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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6
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Strother L, Miles GB, Holiday AR, Cheng Y, Doherty GH. Long-term culture of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells in the absence of neurotrophins: A novel model of neuronal ageing. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 362:109301. [PMID: 34343572 PMCID: PMC8434422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Studying human ageing is of increasing importance due to the worldwide ageing population. However, it faces the challenge of lengthy experiments to produce an ageing phenotype. Often, to recreate the hallmarks of ageing requires complex empirical conditions that can confound data interpretation. Indeed, many studies use whole organisms with relatively short life spans, which may have little, or limited, relevance to human ageing. There has been extensive use of cell lines to study ageing in human somatic cells, but the modelling of human neuronal ageing is somewhat more complex in vitro. New Method We cultured the well-characterised SH-SY5Y human neural cell line to produce high purity cultures of cells differentiated to express a neuronal phenotype, and designed a protocol to maintain these cells in culture until they accumulated biomarkers of cellular ageing. Results Our data validate a novel and simple technique for the efficient differentiation and long-term maintenance of SH-SY5Y cells, expressing markers of neuronal differentiation and demonstrating electrical activity in culture. Over time in vitro, these cells progressively accumulate markers of ageing such as enhanced production of reactive oxygen species and accumulation of oxidative damage. Comparison to Existing Methods In comparison to existing techniques to model neuronal ageing our method is cost effective, requiring no specialist equipment or growth factors. Conclusions We demonstrate that SH-SY5Y cells, grown under these culture conditions, represent a simple model of neuronal ageing that is amenable to cell biological, biochemical and electrophysiological investigation. Ageing study is often hindered by the need for complex and lengthy experiments. SH-SY5Y cells underwent neuronal differentiation and were cultured until they were of an aged phenotype. These cells were electrically active and acquired oxidative damage. This is a novel technique to model neuronal ageing in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Strother
- Bute Building, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, West Burn Lane, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9TS, UK
| | - Gareth B Miles
- Bute Building, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, West Burn Lane, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9TS, UK
| | - Alison R Holiday
- Bute Building, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, West Burn Lane, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9TS, UK
| | - Ying Cheng
- Bute Building, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, West Burn Lane, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9TS, UK
| | - Gayle H Doherty
- Bute Building, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, West Burn Lane, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9TS, UK.
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7
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Jiang S, Deng N, Zheng B, Li T, Liu RH. Rhodiola extract promotes longevity and stress resistance of Caenorhabditis elegans via DAF-16 and SKN-1. Food Funct 2021; 12:4471-4483. [PMID: 33881421 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02974b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The effects of Rhodiola extract (RE) on longevity and stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), and the underlying molecular mechanisms were explored in the present study. Results showed that the lifespan of C. elegans was remarkably prolonged by 37.1% after treated with high-dose RE (480 μg mL-1). Intervention with RE alleviated aging-related declines in the C. elegans model, and enhanced the stress resistance against heat shock, ultraviolet radiation and paraquat. Moreover, RE reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). RE also upregulated the gene expression of sod-3, gst-4, daf-16, skn-1 in C. elegans, downregulated the gene expression of daf-2 and age-1, and accelerated the translocation of DAF-16 and SKN-1 into the nucleus. Furthermore, the daf-16(mu86) and skn-1(zu169) mutants reversed the extension of lifespan triggered by RE, indicating that these genes were involved in RE-regulated longevity. These results demonstrated that RE could enhance lifespan extension, healthspan and stress resistance of C. elegans via insulin/IGF signaling and SKN-1 pathways. Therefore, the present findings suggested Rhodiola as a potential candidate to ameliorate the symptoms of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Jiang
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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8
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Coppari S, Colomba M, Fraternale D, Brinkmann V, Romeo M, Rocchi MBL, Di Giacomo B, Mari M, Guidi L, Ramakrishna S, Ventura N, Albertini MC. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammaging Ability of Prune ( Prunus Spinosa L.) Extract Result in Improved Wound Healing Efficacy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030374. [PMID: 33801467 PMCID: PMC7999414 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prunus spinosa L. fruit (PSF) ethanol extract, showing a peculiar content of biologically active molecules (polyphenols), was investigated for its wound healing capacity, a typical feature that declines during aging and is negatively affected by the persistence of inflammation and oxidative stress. To this aim, first, PSF anti-inflammatory properties were tested on young and senescent LPS-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). As a result, PSF treatment increased miR-146a and decreased IRAK-1 and IL-6 expression levels. In addition, the PSF antioxidant effect was validated in vitro with DPPH assay and confirmed by in vivo treatments in C. elegans. Our findings showed beneficial effects on worms’ lifespan and healthspan with positive outcomes on longevity markers (i.e., miR-124 upregulation and miR-39 downregulation) as well. The PSF effect on wound healing was tested using the same cells and experimental conditions employed to investigate PSF antioxidant and anti-inflammaging ability. PSF treatment resulted in a significant improvement of wound healing closure (ca. 70%), through cell migration, both in young and older cells, associated to a downregulation of inflammation markers. In conclusion, PSF extract antioxidant and anti-inflammaging abilities result in improved wound healing capacity, thus suggesting that PSF might be helpful to improve the quality of life for its beneficial health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Coppari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.C.); (M.C.); (D.F.); (M.B.L.R.); (B.D.G.); (M.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Mariastella Colomba
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.C.); (M.C.); (D.F.); (M.B.L.R.); (B.D.G.); (M.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Daniele Fraternale
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.C.); (M.C.); (D.F.); (M.B.L.R.); (B.D.G.); (M.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Vanessa Brinkmann
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Heinrich Heine University and the IUF- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (V.B.); (M.R.); (N.V.)
| | - Margherita Romeo
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Heinrich Heine University and the IUF- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (V.B.); (M.R.); (N.V.)
| | - Marco Bruno Luigi Rocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.C.); (M.C.); (D.F.); (M.B.L.R.); (B.D.G.); (M.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Barbara Di Giacomo
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.C.); (M.C.); (D.F.); (M.B.L.R.); (B.D.G.); (M.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Michele Mari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.C.); (M.C.); (D.F.); (M.B.L.R.); (B.D.G.); (M.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Loretta Guidi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.C.); (M.C.); (D.F.); (M.B.L.R.); (B.D.G.); (M.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore;
| | - Natascia Ventura
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Heinrich Heine University and the IUF- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (V.B.); (M.R.); (N.V.)
| | - Maria Cristina Albertini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.C.); (M.C.); (D.F.); (M.B.L.R.); (B.D.G.); (M.M.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0722-305260
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9
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Matsunami K. Frailty and Caenorhabditis elegans as a Benchtop Animal Model for Screening Drugs Including Natural Herbs. Front Nutr 2018; 5:111. [PMID: 30534551 PMCID: PMC6275236 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans has been used in research for years to clarify the genetic cascades and molecular mechanisms of aging, longevity, and health span. Health span is closely related to frailty; however, frailty has a different concept and is evaluated using various parameters in humans, such as Fried's Frailty Criteria. The C. elegans model has several advantages when performing a chemical screen to identify drug candidates. Several mouse models of frailty were recently developed, including a homozygous IL-10 knockout. These mouse models are useful for understanding human frailty; however, they are not appropriate for primary drug screening because they require large spaces, expensive cost, and time consuming assessments. Therefore, a combination of these models may be a promising tool for discovering drugs and understanding the mechanisms of frailty. In addition, natural products, and herbs are attractive sources of novel drugs with pharmacological activity and low toxicity, in fact, over 60% of currently-available drugs are estimated to be related to natural compounds. In this review, the possibility of identifying natural agents (i.e., herb extracts and compounds) that could improve frailty are proposed, and the advantages and limitations of these models are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuyoshi Matsunami
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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10
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Borras C, Abdelaziz KM, Gambini J, Serna E, Inglés M, de la Fuente M, Garcia I, Matheu A, Sanchís P, Belenguer A, Errigo A, Avellana JA, Barettino A, Lloret-Fernández C, Flames N, Pes G, Rodriguez-Mañas L, Viña J. Human exceptional longevity: transcriptome from centenarians is distinct from septuagenarians and reveals a role of Bcl-xL in successful aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:3185-3208. [PMID: 27794564 PMCID: PMC5270663 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Centenarians not only enjoy an extraordinary aging, but also show a compression of morbidity. Using functional transcriptomic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBC) we identified 1721 mRNAs differentially expressed by centenarians when compared with septuagenarians and young people. Sub-network analysis led us to identify Bcl-xL as an important gene up-regulated in centenarians. It is involved in the control of apoptosis, cellular damage protection and also in modulation of immune response, all associated to healthy aging. Indeed, centenarians display lower plasma cytochrome C levels, higher mitochondrial membrane potential and also less cellular damage accumulation than septuagenarians. Leukocyte chemotaxis and NK cell activity are significantly impaired in septuagenarians compared with young people whereas centenarians maintain them. To further ascertain the functional role of Bcl-xL in cellular aging, we found that lymphocytes from septuagenarians transduced with Bcl-xL display a reduction in senescent-related markers. Finally, to demonstrate the role of Bcl-xL in longevity at the organism level, C. elegans bearing a gain of function mutation in the Bcl-xL ortholog ced-9, showed a significant increase in mean and maximal life span. These results show that mRNA expression in centenarians is unique and reveals that Bcl-xL plays an important role in exceptional aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Borras
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain, INCLIVA and Spanish Centenarian Study Group; Facultad de Fisioterapia Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Kheira M Abdelaziz
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain, INCLIVA and Spanish Centenarian Study Group; Facultad de Fisioterapia Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Gambini
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain, INCLIVA and Spanish Centenarian Study Group; Facultad de Fisioterapia Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Serna
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain, INCLIVA and Spanish Centenarian Study Group; Facultad de Fisioterapia Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Inglés
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | | | - Idoia Garcia
- IIKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,Servicio de Geriatría. Hospital de la Ribera. Alzira, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ander Matheu
- IIKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,Servicio de Geriatría. Hospital de la Ribera. Alzira, Valencia, Spain
| | - Paula Sanchís
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Viale San Pietro 8, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Angel Belenguer
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Viale San Pietro 8, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Errigo
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, IBV-CSIC, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan-Antonio Avellana
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Viale San Pietro 8, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Ana Barettino
- Departamento de Geriatría. Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Nuria Flames
- Departamento de Geriatría. Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gianni Pes
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, IBV-CSIC, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Jose Viña
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain, INCLIVA and Spanish Centenarian Study Group; Facultad de Fisioterapia Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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11
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An automated compound screening for anti-aging effects on the function of C. elegans sensory neurons. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9403. [PMID: 28839194 PMCID: PMC5570957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovery of molecular targets or compounds that alter neuronal function can lead to therapeutic advances that ameliorate age-related neurodegenerative pathologies. Currently, there is a lack of in vivo screening technologies for the discovery of compounds that affect the age-dependent neuronal physiology. Here, we present a high-throughput, microfluidic-based assay for automated manipulation and on-chip monitoring and analysis of stimulus-evoked calcium responses of intact C. elegans at various life stages. First, we successfully applied our technology to quantify the effects of aging and age-related genetic and chemical factors in the calcium transients of the ASH sensory neuron. We then performed a large-scale screen of a library of 107 FDA-approved compounds to identify hits that prevented the age-dependent functional deterioration of ASH. The robust performance of our assay makes it a valuable tool for future high-throughput applications based on in vivo functional imaging.
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12
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Ancell H, Pires-daSilva A. Sex-specific lifespan and its evolution in nematodes. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 70:122-129. [PMID: 28554570 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Differences between sexes of the same species in lifespan and aging rate are widespread. While the proximal and evolutionary causes of aging are well researched, the factors that contribute to sex differences in these traits have been less studied. The striking diversity of nematodes provides ample opportunity to study variation in sex-specific lifespan patterns associated with shifts in life history and mating strategy. Although the plasticity of these sex differences will make it challenging to generalize from invertebrate to vertebrate systems, studies in nematodes have enabled empirical evaluation of predictions regarding the evolution of lifespan. These studies have highlighted how natural and sexual selection can generate divergent patterns of lifespan if the sexes are subject to different rates or sources of mortality, or if trade-offs between complex traits and longevity are resolved differently in each sex. Here, we integrate evidence derived mainly from nematodes that addresses the molecular and evolutionary basis of sex-specific aging and lifespan. Ultimately, we hope to generate a clearer picture of current knowledge in this area, and also highlight the limitations of our understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Ancell
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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13
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C. elegans screening strategies to identify pro-longevity interventions. Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 157:60-9. [PMID: 27473404 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Drugs screenings in search of enhancers or suppressors of selected readout(s) are nowadays mainly carried out in single cells systems. These approaches are however limited when searching for compounds with effects at the organismal level. To overcome this drawback the use of different model organisms to carry out modifier screenings has exponentially grown in the past decade. Unique characteristics such as easy manageability, low cost, fast reproductive cycle, short lifespan, simple anatomy and genetic amenability, make the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans especially suitable for this purpose. Here we briefly review the different high-throughput and high-content screenings which exploited the nematode to identify new compounds extending healthy lifespan. In this context, we describe our recently developed screening strategy to search for pro-longevity interventions taking advantage of the very reproducible phenotypes observed in C. elegans upon different degrees of mitochondrial stress. Indeed, in Mitochondrial mutants, the processes induced to cope with mild mitochondrial alterations during development, and ultimately extending animal lifespan, lead to reduced size and induction of specific stress responses. Instead, upon strong mitochondrial dysfunction, worms arrest their development. Exploiting these automatically quantifiable phenotypic readouts, we developed a new screening approach using the Cellomics ArrayScanVTI-HCS Reader and identified a new pro-longevity drug.
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14
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The aryl hydrocarbon receptor promotes aging phenotypes across species. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19618. [PMID: 26790370 PMCID: PMC4726214 DOI: 10.1038/srep19618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitously expressed aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) induces drug metabolizing enzymes as well as regulators of cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Certain AhR ligands promote atherosclerosis, an age-associated vascular disease. Therefore, we investigated the role of AhR in vascular functionality and aging. We report a lower pulse wave velocity in young and old AhR-deficient mice, indicative of enhanced vessel elasticity. Moreover, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) showed increased activity in the aortas of these animals, which was reflected in increased NO production. Ex vivo, AhR activation reduced the migratory capacity of primary human endothelial cells. AhR overexpression as well as treatment with a receptor ligand, impaired eNOS activation and reduced S-NO content. All three are signs of endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, AhR expression in blood cells of healthy human volunteers positively correlated with vessel stiffness. In the aging model Caenorhabditis elegans, AhR-deficiency resulted in increased mean life span, motility, pharynx pumping and heat shock resistance, suggesting healthier aging. Thus, AhR seems to have a negative impact on vascular and organismal aging. Finally, our data from human subjects suggest that AhR expression levels could serve as an additional, new predictor of vessel aging.
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15
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Johnson SC, Dong X, Vijg J, Suh Y. Genetic evidence for common pathways in human age-related diseases. Aging Cell 2015; 14:809-17. [PMID: 26077337 PMCID: PMC4568968 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the single largest risk factor for chronic disease. Studies in model organisms have identified conserved pathways that modulate aging rate and the onset and progression of multiple age-related diseases, suggesting that common pathways of aging may influence age-related diseases in humans as well. To determine whether there is genetic evidence supporting the notion of common pathways underlying age-related diseases, we analyzed the genes and pathways found to be associated with five major categories of age-related disease using a total of 410 genomewide association studies (GWAS). While only a small number of genes are shared among all five disease categories, those found in at least three of the five major age-related disease categories are highly enriched for apoliprotein metabolism genes. We found that a more substantial number of gene ontology (GO) terms are shared among the 5 age-related disease categories and shared GO terms include canonical aging pathways identified in model organisms, such as nutrient-sensing signaling, translation, proteostasis, stress responses, and genome maintenance. Taking advantage of the vast amount of genetic data from the GWAS, our findings provide the first direct evidence that conserved pathways of aging simultaneously influence multiple age-related diseases in humans as has been demonstrated in model organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon C. Johnson
- Department of Genetics Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
| | - Xiao Dong
- Department of Genetics Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
| | - Jan Vijg
- Department of Genetics Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
| | - Yousin Suh
- Department of Genetics Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
- Department of Medicine Endocrinology Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
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16
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Kamei Y, Tai A, Dakeyama S, Yamamoto K, Inoue Y, Kishimoto Y, Ohara H, Mukai Y. Transcription factor genes essential for cell proliferation and replicative lifespan in budding yeast. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:351-6. [PMID: 26022127 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Many of the lifespan-related genes have been identified in eukaryotes ranging from the yeast to human. However, there is limited information available on the longevity genes that are essential for cell proliferation. Here, we investigated whether the essential genes encoding DNA-binding transcription factors modulated the replicative lifespan of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Heterozygous diploid knockout strains for FHL1, RAP1, REB1, and MCM1 genes showed significantly short lifespan. (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis indicated a characteristic metabolic profile in the Δfhl1/FHL1 mutant. These results strongly suggest that FHL1 regulates the transcription of lifespan related metabolic genes. Thus, heterozygous knockout strains could be the potential materials for discovering further novel lifespan genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kamei
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Akiko Tai
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Shota Dakeyama
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Kaori Yamamoto
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Yamato Inoue
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Hiroya Ohara
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Yukio Mukai
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan.
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17
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Maglioni S, Arsalan N, Franchi L, Hurd A, Opipari AW, Glick GD, Ventura N. An automated phenotype-based microscopy screen to identify pro-longevity interventions acting through mitochondria in C. elegans. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2015; 1847:1469-78. [PMID: 25979236 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are multifunctional organelles that play a central role in cellular homeostasis. Severe mitochondrial dysfunction leads to life-threatening diseases in humans and accelerates the aging process. Surprisingly, moderate reduction of mitochondrial function in different species has anti-aging effects. High-throughput screenings in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans lead to the identification of several pro-longevity genetic and pharmacological interventions. Large-scale screens, however, are manual, subjective, time consuming and costly. These limitations could be reduced by the identification of automatically quantifiable biomarkers of healthy aging. In this study we exploit the distinct and reproducible phenotypes described in C. elegans upon different levels of mitochondrial alteration to develop an automated high-content strategy to identify new potential pro-longevity interventions. Utilizing the microscopy platform Cellomics ArrayScan Reader, we optimize a workflow to automatically and reliably quantify the discrete phenotypic readouts associated with different degrees of silencing of mitochondrial respiratory chain regulatory proteins, and validate the approach with mitochondrial-targeting drugs known to extend lifespan in C. elegans. Finally, we report that a new mitochondrial ATPase modulator matches our screening phenotypic criteria and extends nematode's lifespan thus providing the proof of principle that our strategy could be exploited to identify novel mitochondrial-targeted drugs with pro-longevity activity. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Maglioni
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Nayna Arsalan
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Natascia Ventura
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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18
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Mitochondrial stress extends lifespan in C. elegans through neuronal hormesis. Exp Gerontol 2014; 56:89-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Abstract
The endothelium is located in a strategic anatomical position within the blood vessel wall and thus constitutes a barrier between the blood and all tissues. The integrity of the endothelial cells, which line the entire circulatory system like wallpaper, is essential to prevent the onset of cardiovascular disorders. Aging is one of the major risk factors for the development of heart and vascular diseases. However, over the past years it has become clear that the functional capacity of endothelial cells declines with age and that physiological aging occurs independently of pathological changes. One important mechanism contributing to the onset of the aging. process is the disturbance of the cellular redox homeostasis. Two key molecules involved in maintaining the delicate balance between oxidative and antioxidative systems are NADPH oxidase 4, an enzyme whose sole function is to produce reactive oxygen species and the oxidoreductase thioredoxin-1, which reduces oxidized proteins. Therefore, this review will focus on the role of these two proteins in cardiovascular aging.
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20
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Schiavi A, Ventura N. The interplay between mitochondria and autophagy and its role in the aging process. Exp Gerontol 2014; 56:147-53. [PMID: 24607515 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles which play a central role in cellular homeostasis. Mitochondrial dysfunction leads to life-threatening disorders and accelerates the aging process. Surprisingly, on the other hand, a mild reduction of mitochondria functionality can have pro-longevity effects in organisms spanning from yeast to mammals. Autophagy is a fundamental cellular housekeeping process that needs to be finely regulated for proper cell and organism survival, as underlined by the fact that both its over- and its defective activation have been associated with diseases and accelerated aging. A reciprocal interplay exists between mitochondria and autophagy, which is needed to constantly adjust cellular energy metabolism in different pathophysiological conditions. Here we review general features of mitochondrial function and autophagy with particular focus on their crosstalk and its possible implication in the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Schiavi
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany; University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Natascia Ventura
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany; IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany; University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
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21
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Stolzing A, Haendeler J. Aging—mechanisms, models, and translation. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2013; 46:612. [DOI: 10.1007/s00391-013-0528-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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