1
|
Meneceur S, De Vos CE, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Niegisch G, Hoffmann MJ. New synergistic combination therapy approaches with HDAC inhibitor quisinostat, cisplatin or PARP inhibitor talazoparib for urothelial carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18342. [PMID: 38693852 PMCID: PMC11063726 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) urgently requires new therapeutic options. Histone deacetylases (HDAC) are frequently dysregulated in UC and constitute interesting targets for the development of alternative therapy options. Thus, we investigated the effect of the second generation HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) quisinostat in five UC cell lines (UCC) and two normal control cell lines in comparison to romidepsin, a well characterized HDACi which was previously shown to induce cell death and cell cycle arrest. In UCC, quisinostat led to cell cycle alterations, cell death induction and DNA damage, but was well tolerated by normal cells. Combinations of quisinostat with cisplatin or the PARP inhibitor talazoparib led to decrease in cell viability and significant synergistic effect in five UCCs and platinum-resistant sublines allowing dose reduction. Further analyses in UM-UC-3 and J82 at low dose ratio revealed that the mechanisms included cell cycle disturbance, apoptosis induction and DNA damage. These combinations appeared to be well tolerated in normal cells. In conclusion, our results suggest new promising combination regimes for treatment of UC, also in the cisplatin-resistant setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Meneceur
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) DüsseldorfCIO Aachen Bonn Köln DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Caroline E. De Vos
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) DüsseldorfCIO Aachen Bonn Köln DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) DüsseldorfCIO Aachen Bonn Köln DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
- Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory (GTL), Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ)Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) DüsseldorfCIO Aachen Bonn Köln DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
- Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory (GTL), Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ)Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Günter Niegisch
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) DüsseldorfCIO Aachen Bonn Köln DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Michèle J. Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) DüsseldorfCIO Aachen Bonn Köln DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rafii P, Cruz PR, Ettich J, Seibel C, Padrini G, Wittich C, Lang A, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Moll JM, Floss DM, Scheller J. Engineered interleukin-6-derived cytokines recruit artificial receptor complexes and disclose CNTF signaling via the OSMR. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107251. [PMID: 38569939 PMCID: PMC11039321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) activates cells via the non-signaling α-receptor CNTF receptor (CNTFR) and the two signaling β-receptors glycoprotein 130 (gp130) and leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR). The CNTF derivate, Axokine, was protective against obesity and insulin resistance, but clinical development was halted by the emergence of CNTF antibodies. The chimeric cytokine IC7 used the framework of interleukin (IL-)6 with the LIFR-binding site from CNTF to activate cells via IL-6R:gp130:LIFR complexes. Similar to CNTF/Axokine, IC7 protected mice from obesity and insulin resistance. Here, we developed CNTF-independent chimeras that specifically target the IL-6R:gp130:LIFR complex. In GIL-6 and GIO-6, we transferred the LIFR binding site from LIF or OSM to IL-6, respectively. While GIO-6 signals via gp130:IL-6R:LIFR and gp130:IL-6R:OSMR complexes, GIL-6 selectively activates the IL-6R:gp130:LIFR receptor complex. By re-evaluation of IC7 and CNTF, we discovered the Oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) as an alternative non-canonical high-affinity receptor leading to IL-6R:OSMR:gp130 and CNTFR:OSMR:gp130 receptor complexes, respectively. The discovery of OSMR as an alternative high-affinity receptor for IC7 and CNTF designates GIL-6 as the first truly selective IL-6R:gp130:LIFR cytokine, whereas GIO-6 is a CNTF-free alternative for IC7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Puyan Rafii
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patricia Rodrigues Cruz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Ettich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christiane Seibel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Giacomo Padrini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Wittich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Lang
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens M Moll
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Doreen M Floss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bogun L, Koch A, Scherer B, Fenk R, Maus U, Bormann F, Köhrer K, Petzsch P, Wachtmeister T, Zukovs R, Dietrich S, Haas R, Schroeder T, Jäger PS, Geyh S. Stromal alterations in patients with MGUS, smoldering myeloma and multiple myeloma. Blood Adv 2024:bloodadvances.2023011632. [PMID: 38241490 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The hallmark of multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell infiltration in the bone marrow accompanied by myelosuppression and osteolysis. Premalignant stages like monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and asymptomatic stages like smoldering myeloma (SMM) can progress to multiple myeloma (MM). Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are an integral component of the bone marrow microenvironment and play an important role for osteoblast differentiation and hematopoietic support. While stromal alterations have been reported in MM contributing to hematopoietic insufficiency and osteolysis, it is not clear whether alterations in MSC already occur in MGUS or SMM. In this study we analyzed MSC from MGUS, SMM and MM towards their properties and functionality and performed mRNA sequencing to find underlying molecular signatures in different disease stages. A high number of senescent cells and a reduced osteogenic differentiation capacity and hematopoietic support was already present in MGUS MSC. As shown by RNA sequencing there was a broad spectrum of differentially expressed genes including genes of the BMP/TGF-signaling pathway, detected already in MGUS and that clearly increases in SMM and MM patients. Our data may help to block these signaling pathways in the future to hinder progression to multiple myeloma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bo Scherer
- University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Roland Fenk
- Universityhospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Uwe Maus
- University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center, Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center, Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wachtmeister
- Biological and Medical Research Center, Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Arlt C, Wachtmeister T, Köhrer K, Stich B. Affordable, accurate and unbiased RNA sequencing by manual library miniaturization: A case study in barley. Plant Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2241-2253. [PMID: 37593840 PMCID: PMC10579711 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
We present an easy-to-reproduce manual miniaturized full-length RNA sequencing (RNAseq) library preparation workflow that does not require the upfront investment in expensive lab equipment or long setup times. With minimal adjustments to an established commercial protocol, we were able to manually miniaturize the RNAseq library preparation by a factor of up to 1:8. This led to cost savings for miniaturized library preparation of up to 86.1% compared to the gold standard. The resulting data were the basis of a rigorous quality control analysis that inspected: sequencing quality metrics, gene body coverage, raw read duplications, alignment statistics, read pair duplications, detected transcripts and sequence variants. We also included a deep dive data analysis identifying rRNA contamination and suggested ways to circumvent these. In the end, we could not find any indication of biases or inaccuracies caused by the RNAseq library miniaturization. The variance in detected transcripts was minimal and not influenced by the miniaturization level. Our results suggest that the workflow is highly reproducible and the sequence data suitable for downstream analyses such as differential gene expression analysis or variant calling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Arlt
- Institute of Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of PlantsHeinrich Heine University DuesseldorfDuesseldorfGermany
| | - Thorsten Wachtmeister
- Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ)Heinrich Heine University DuesseldorfDuesseldorfGermany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ)Heinrich Heine University DuesseldorfDuesseldorfGermany
| | - Benjamin Stich
- Institute of Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of PlantsHeinrich Heine University DuesseldorfDuesseldorfGermany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS)DuesseldorfGermany
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ResearchCologneGermany
- Present address:
Institute for Breeding Research on Agricultural CropsJulius Kühn Institute (JKI) ‐ Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsSanitzGermany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schiavi A, Cirotti C, Gerber LS, Di Lauro G, Maglioni S, Shibao PYT, Montresor S, Kirstein J, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Schins RPF, Wahle T, Barilà D, Ventura N. Abl depletion via autophagy mediates the beneficial effects of quercetin against Alzheimer pathology across species. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:376. [PMID: 37838776 PMCID: PMC10576830 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01592-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most common age-associated neurodegenerative disorder and the most frequent form of dementia in our society. Aging is a complex biological process concurrently shaped by genetic, dietary and environmental factors and natural compounds are emerging for their beneficial effects against age-related disorders. Besides their antioxidant activity often described in simple model organisms, the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of different dietary compounds remain however largely unknown. In the present study, we exploit the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a widely established model for aging studies, to test the effects of different natural compounds in vivo and focused on mechanistic aspects of one of them, quercetin, using complementary systems and assays. We show that quercetin has evolutionarily conserved beneficial effects against Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology: it prevents Amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced detrimental effects in different C. elegans AD models and it reduces Aβ-secretion in mammalian cells. Mechanistically, we found that the beneficial effects of quercetin are mediated by autophagy-dependent reduced expression of Abl tyrosine kinase. In turn, autophagy is required upon Abl suppression to mediate quercetin's protective effects against Aβ toxicity. Our data support the power of C. elegans as an in vivo model to investigate therapeutic options for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Schiavi
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claudia Cirotti
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, IRCCS-Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Lora-Sophie Gerber
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Giulia Di Lauro
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Silvia Maglioni
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Priscila Yumi Tanaka Shibao
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Janine Kirstein
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Roel P F Schins
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tina Wahle
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniela Barilà
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, IRCCS-Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Natascia Ventura
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Frerichs LM, Frerichs B, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Windolf J, Bittersohl B, Hoffmann MJ, Grotheer V. Tumorigenic effects of human mesenchymal stromal cells and fibroblasts on bladder cancer cells. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1228185. [PMID: 37781195 PMCID: PMC10534007 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1228185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer face a poor prognosis due to rapid disease progression and chemoresistance. Thus, there is an urgent need for a new therapeutic treatment. The tumor microenvironment (TME) has crucial roles in tumor development, growth, progression, and therapy resistance. TME cells may also survive standard treatment of care and fire up disease recurrence. However, whether specific TME components have tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibitory properties depends on cell type and cancer entity. Thus, a deeper understanding of the interaction mechanisms between the TME and cancer cells is needed to develop new cancer treatment approaches that overcome therapy resistance. Little is known about the function and interaction between mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) or fibroblasts (FB) as TME components and bladder cancer cells. Methods We investigated the functional impact of conditioned media (CM) from primary cultures of different donors of MSC or FB on urothelial carcinoma cell lines (UCC) representing advanced disease stages, namely, BFTC-905, VMCUB-1, and UMUC-3. Underlying mechanisms were identified by RNA sequencing and protein analyses of cancer cells and of conditioned media by oncoarrays. Results Both FB- and MSC-CM had tumor-promoting effects on UCC. In some experiments, the impact of MSC-CM was more pronounced. CM augmented the aggressive phenotype of UCC, particularly of those with epithelial phenotype. Proliferation and migratory and invasive capacity were significantly increased; cisplatin sensitivity was reduced. RNA sequencing identified underlying mechanisms and molecules contributing to the observed phenotype changes. NRF2 and NF-κB signaling was affected, contributing to improved cisplatin detoxification. Likewise, interferon type I signaling was downregulated and regulators of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) were increased. Altered protein abundance of CXCR4, hyaluronan receptor CD44, or TGFβ-signaling was induced by CM in cancer cells and may contribute to phenotypical changes. CM contained high levels of CCL2/MCP-1, MMPs, and interleukins which are well known for their impact on other cancer entities. Conclusions The CM of two different TME components had overlapping tumor-promoting effects and increased chemoresistance. We identified underlying mechanisms and molecules contributing to the aggressiveness of bladder cancer cells. These need to be further investigated for targeting the TME to improve cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie M. Frerichs
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bastian Frerichs
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Windolf
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bernd Bittersohl
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michèle J. Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vera Grotheer
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jaeger BAS, Krawczyk N, Japp AS, Honisch E, Köhrer K, Scheuring S, Petzsch P, Neubauer H, Volkmer AK, Esposito I, Ruckhäberle E, Niederacher D, Fehm T. Whole Exome Analysis to Select Targeted Therapies for Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer - A Feasibility Study. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2023; 83:1138-1147. [PMID: 37706056 PMCID: PMC10497348 DOI: 10.1055/a-2150-9440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this feasibility study was to select targeted therapies according to "ESMO Scale for Clinical Actionability of molecular Targets (ESCAT)". Data interpretation was further supported by a browser-based Treatment Decision Support platform (MH Guide, Molecular Health, Heidelberg, Germany). Patients We applied next generation sequencing based whole exome sequencing of tumor tissue and peripheral blood of patients with metastatic breast cancer (n = 44) to detect somatic as well as germline mutations. Results In 32 metastatic breast cancer patients, data interpretation was feasible. We identified 25 genomic alterations with ESCAT Level of Evidence I or II in 18/32 metastatic breast cancer patients, which were available for evaluation: three copy number gains in HER2 , two g BRCA1 , two g BRCA2 , six PIK3CA, one ESR1 , three PTEN , one AKT1 and two HER2 mutations. In addition, five samples displayed Microsatellite instability high-H. Conclusions Resulting treatment options were discussed in a tumor board and could be recommended in a small but relevant proportion of patients with metastatic breast cancer (7/18). Thus, this study is a valuable preliminary work for the establishment of a molecular tumor board within the German initiative "Center for Personalized Medicine" which aims to shorten time for analyses and optimize selection of targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Anna Sophia Jaeger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Natalia Krawczyk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Sophia Japp
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ellen Honisch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sibylle Scheuring
- Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans Neubauer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anne Kathrin Volkmer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Irene Esposito
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eugen Ruckhäberle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tanja Fehm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sankaranarayanan S, Haag C, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Matuszyńska A, Zarnack K, Feldbrügge M. The mRNA stability factor Khd4 defines a specific mRNA regulon for membrane trafficking in the pathogen Ustilago maydis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2301731120. [PMID: 37590419 PMCID: PMC10450656 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2301731120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal pathogens depend on sophisticated gene expression programs for successful infection. A crucial component is RNA regulation mediated by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). However, little is known about the spatiotemporal RNA control mechanisms during fungal pathogenicity. Here, we discover that the RBP Khd4 defines a distinct mRNA regulon to orchestrate membrane trafficking during pathogenic development of Ustilago maydis. By establishing hyperTRIBE for fungal RBPs, we generated a comprehensive transcriptome-wide map of Khd4 interactions in vivo. We identify a defined set of target mRNAs enriched for regulatory proteins involved, e.g., in GTPase signaling. Khd4 controls the stability of target mRNAs via its cognate regulatory element AUACCC present in their 3' untranslated regions. Studying individual examples reveals a unique link between Khd4 and vacuole maturation. Thus, we uncover a distinct role for an RNA stability factor defining a specific mRNA regulon for membrane trafficking during pathogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srimeenakshi Sankaranarayanan
- Institute of Microbiology, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf40204, Germany
| | - Carl Haag
- Institute of Microbiology, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf40204, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf40204, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf40204, Germany
| | - Anna Matuszyńska
- Department of Biology, Computational Life Science, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, Aachen52074, Germany
| | - Kathi Zarnack
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt a.M.60438, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt a.M.60438, Germany
| | - Michael Feldbrügge
- Institute of Microbiology, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf40204, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wolf SD, Ehlting C, Müller-Dott S, Poschmann G, Petzsch P, Lautwein T, Wang S, Helm B, Schilling M, Saez-Rodriguez J, Vucur M, Stühler K, Köhrer K, Tacke F, Dooley S, Klingmüller U, Luedde T, Bode JG. Hepatocytes reprogram liver macrophages involving control of TGF-β activation, influencing liver regeneration and injury. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0208. [PMID: 37486964 PMCID: PMC10368377 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages play an important role in maintaining liver homeostasis and regeneration. However, it is not clear to what extent the different macrophage populations of the liver differ in terms of their activation state and which other liver cell populations may play a role in regulating the same. METHODS Reverse transcription PCR, flow cytometry, transcriptome, proteome, secretome, single cell analysis, and immunohistochemical methods were used to study changes in gene expression as well as the activation state of macrophages in vitro and in vivo under homeostatic conditions and after partial hepatectomy. RESULTS We show that F4/80+/CD11bhi/CD14hi macrophages of the liver are recruited in a C-C motif chemokine receptor (CCR2)-dependent manner and exhibit an activation state that differs substantially from that of the other liver macrophage populations, which can be distinguished on the basis of CD11b and CD14 expressions. Thereby, primary hepatocytes are capable of creating an environment in vitro that elicits the same specific activation state in bone marrow-derived macrophages as observed in F4/80+/CD11bhi/CD14hi liver macrophages in vivo. Subsequent analyses, including studies in mice with a myeloid cell-specific deletion of the TGF-β type II receptor, suggest that the availability of activated TGF-β and its downregulation by a hepatocyte-conditioned milieu are critical. Reduction of TGF-βRII-mediated signal transduction in myeloid cells leads to upregulation of IL-6, IL-10, and SIGLEC1 expression, a hallmark of the activation state of F4/80+/CD11bhi/CD14hi macrophages, and enhances liver regeneration. CONCLUSIONS The availability of activated TGF-β determines the activation state of specific macrophage populations in the liver, and the observed rapid transient activation of TGF-β may represent an important regulatory mechanism in the early phase of liver regeneration in this context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie D Wolf
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine & Düsseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Ehlting
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine & Düsseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sophia Müller-Dott
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine & Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gereon Poschmann
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, BMFZ, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, BMFZ, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Lautwein
- Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, BMFZ, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sai Wang
- Molecular Hepatology Section, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Barbara Helm
- Division of Systems Biology of Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Schilling
- Division of Systems Biology of Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julio Saez-Rodriguez
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine & Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mihael Vucur
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine & Düsseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, BMFZ, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Proteome Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, BMFZ, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (CVK) and Campus Charité Mitte (CCM), Berlin, Germany
| | - Steven Dooley
- Molecular Hepatology Section, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ursula Klingmüller
- Division of Systems Biology of Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine & Düsseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johannes G Bode
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine & Düsseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Houwaart T, Scholz S, Pollock NR, Palmer WH, Kichula KM, Strelow D, Le DB, Belick D, Hülse L, Lautwein T, Wachtmeister T, Wollenweber TE, Henrich B, Köhrer K, Parham P, Guethlein LA, Norman PJ, Dilthey AT. Complete sequences of six major histocompatibility complex haplotypes, including all the major MHC class II structures. HLA 2023; 102:28-43. [PMID: 36932816 PMCID: PMC10986641 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Accurate and comprehensive immunogenetic reference panels are key to the successful implementation of population-scale immunogenomics. The 5Mbp Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is the most polymorphic region of the human genome and associated with multiple immune-mediated diseases, transplant matching and therapy responses. Analysis of MHC genetic variation is severely complicated by complex patterns of sequence variation, linkage disequilibrium and a lack of fully resolved MHC reference haplotypes, increasing the risk of spurious findings on analyzing this medically important region. Integrating Illumina, ultra-long Nanopore, and PacBio HiFi sequencing as well as bespoke bioinformatics, we completed five of the alternative MHC reference haplotypes of the current (GRCh38/hg38) build of the human reference genome and added one other. The six assembled MHC haplotypes encompass the DR1 and DR4 haplotype structures in addition to the previously completed DR2 and DR3, as well as six distinct classes of the structurally variable C4 region. Analysis of the assembled haplotypes showed that MHC class II sequence structures, including repeat element positions, are generally conserved within the DR haplotype supergroups, and that sequence diversity peaks in three regions around HLA-A, HLA-B+C, and the HLA class II genes. Demonstrating the potential for improved short-read analysis, the number of proper read pairs recruited to the MHC was found to be increased by 0.06%-0.49% in a 1000 Genomes Project read remapping experiment with seven diverse samples. Furthermore, the assembled haplotypes can serve as references for the community and provide the basis of a structurally accurate genotyping graph of the complete MHC region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Houwaart
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital HygieneHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Stephan Scholz
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital HygieneHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Nicholas R. Pollock
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsAnschutz Medical Campus, University of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
- Department of Immunology and MicrobiologyAnschutz Medical Campus, University of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - William H. Palmer
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsAnschutz Medical Campus, University of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
- Department of Immunology and MicrobiologyAnschutz Medical Campus, University of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Katherine M. Kichula
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsAnschutz Medical Campus, University of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
- Department of Immunology and MicrobiologyAnschutz Medical Campus, University of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Daniel Strelow
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital HygieneHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Duyen B. Le
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital HygieneHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Dana Belick
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital HygieneHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Lisanna Hülse
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital HygieneHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Tobias Lautwein
- Biologisch‐Medizinisches‐Forschungszentrum (BMFZ)Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Thorsten Wachtmeister
- Biologisch‐Medizinisches‐Forschungszentrum (BMFZ)Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Tassilo E. Wollenweber
- Biologisch‐Medizinisches‐Forschungszentrum (BMFZ)Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Birgit Henrich
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital HygieneHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biologisch‐Medizinisches‐Forschungszentrum (BMFZ)Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Peter Parham
- Department of Structural Biology, and Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lisbeth A. Guethlein
- Department of Structural Biology, and Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Paul J. Norman
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsAnschutz Medical Campus, University of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
- Department of Immunology and MicrobiologyAnschutz Medical Campus, University of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Alexander T. Dilthey
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital HygieneHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yildiz I, Gross M, Moser D, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Zeier J. N-hydroxypipecolic acid induces systemic acquired resistance and transcriptional reprogramming via TGA transcription factors. Plant Cell Environ 2023; 46:1900-1920. [PMID: 36790086 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) accumulates in pathogen-inoculated and distant leaves of the Arabidopsis shoot and induces systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in dependence of the salicylic acid (SA) receptor NPR1. We report here that SAR triggered by exogenous NHP treatment requires the function of the transcription factors TGA2/5/6 in addition to NPR1, and is further positively affected by TGA1/4. Consistently, a tga2/5/6 triple knockout mutant is fully impaired in NHP-induced SAR gene expression, while a tga1/4 double mutant shows an attenuated, partial transcriptional response to NHP. Moreover, tga2/5/6 and tga1/4 exhibited fully and strongly impaired pathogen-triggered SAR, respectively, while SA-induced resistance was more moderately compromised in both lines. At the same time, tga2/5/6 was not and tga1/4 only partially impaired in the accumulation of NHP and SA at sites of bacterial attack. Strikingly, SAR gene expression in the systemic tissue induced by local bacterial inoculation or locally applied NHP fully required functional TGA2/5/6 and largely depended on TGA1/4 factors. The systemic accumulation of NHP and SA was attenuated but not abolished in the SAR-compromised and transcriptionally blocked tga mutants, suggesting their transport from inoculated to systemic tissue. Our results indicate the existence of a critical TGA- and NPR1-dependent transcriptional module that mediates the induction of SAR and systemic defence gene expression by NHP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ipek Yildiz
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Ecophysiology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marlene Gross
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Ecophysiology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Denise Moser
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Ecophysiology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Zeier
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Ecophysiology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Trombly G, Said AM, Kudin AP, Peeva V, Altmüller J, Becker K, Köhrer K, Zsurka G, Kunz WS. The Fate of Oxidative Strand Breaks in Mitochondrial DNA. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051087. [PMID: 37237953 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is particularly vulnerable to somatic mutagenesis. Potential mechanisms include DNA polymerase γ (POLG) errors and the effects of mutagens, such as reactive oxygen species. Here, we studied the effects of transient hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 pulse) on mtDNA integrity in cultured HEK 293 cells, applying Southern blotting, ultra-deep short-read and long-read sequencing. In wild-type cells, 30 min after the H2O2 pulse, linear mtDNA fragments appear, representing double-strand breaks (DSB) with ends characterized by short GC stretches. Intact supercoiled mtDNA species reappear within 2-6 h after treatment and are almost completely recovered after 24 h. BrdU incorporation is lower in H2O2-treated cells compared to non-treated cells, suggesting that fast recovery is not associated with mtDNA replication, but is driven by rapid repair of single-strand breaks (SSBs) and degradation of DSB-generated linear fragments. Genetic inactivation of mtDNA degradation in exonuclease deficient POLG p.D274A mutant cells results in the persistence of linear mtDNA fragments with no impact on the repair of SSBs. In conclusion, our data highlight the interplay between the rapid processes of SSB repair and DSB degradation and the much slower mtDNA re-synthesis after oxidative damage, which has important implications for mtDNA quality control and the potential generation of somatic mtDNA deletions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Trombly
- Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Afaf Milad Said
- Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexei P Kudin
- Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Viktoriya Peeva
- Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50923 Köln, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, 50923 Köln, Germany
| | - Kerstin Becker
- Cologne Center for Genomics and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50923 Köln, Germany
- Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gábor Zsurka
- Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Wolfram S Kunz
- Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rafii P, Seibel C, Weitz HT, Ettich J, Minafra AR, Petzsch P, Lang A, Floss DM, Behnke K, Köhrer K, Moll JM, Scheller J. Cytokimera GIL-11 rescued IL-6R deficient mice from partial hepatectomy-induced death by signaling via non-natural gp130:LIFR:IL-11R complexes. Commun Biol 2023; 6:418. [PMID: 37061565 PMCID: PMC10105715 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04768-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
All except one cytokine of the Interleukin (IL-)6 family share glycoprotein (gp) 130 as the common β receptor chain. Whereas Interleukin (IL-)11 signal via the non-signaling IL-11 receptor (IL-11R) and gp130 homodimers, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) recruits gp130:LIF receptor (LIFR) heterodimers. Using IL-11 as a framework, we exchange the gp130-binding site III of IL-11 with the LIFR binding site III of LIF. The resulting synthetic cytokimera GIL-11 efficiently recruits the non-natural receptor signaling complex consisting of gp130, IL-11R and LIFR resulting in signal transduction and proliferation of factor-depending Ba/F3 cells. Besides LIF and IL-11, GIL-11 does not activate receptor complexes consisting of gp130:LIFR or gp130:IL-11R, respectively. Human GIL-11 shows cross-reactivity to mouse and rescued IL-6R-/- mice following partial hepatectomy, demonstrating gp130:IL-11R:LIFR signaling efficiently induced liver regeneration. With the development of the cytokimera GIL-11, we devise the functional assembly of the non-natural cytokine receptor complex of gp130:IL-11R:LIFR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Puyan Rafii
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christiane Seibel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hendrik T Weitz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Ettich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Rita Minafra
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Lang
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Doreen M Floss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kristina Behnke
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens M Moll
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kralj J, Pernar Kovač M, Dabelić S, Polančec DS, Wachtmeister T, Köhrer K, Brozovic A. Transcriptome analysis of newly established carboplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell model reveals genes shared by drug resistance and drug-induced EMT. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1344-1359. [PMID: 36717670 PMCID: PMC10050213 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02140-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In ovarian cancer (OC) therapy, even initially responsive patients develop drug resistance. METHODS Here, we present an OC cell model composed of variants with differing degrees of acquired resistance to carboplatin (CBP), cross-resistance to paclitaxel, and CBP-induced metastatic properties (migration and invasion). Transcriptome data were analysed by two approaches identifying differentially expressed genes and CBP sensitivity-correlating genes. The impact of selected genes and signalling pathways on drug resistance and metastatic potential, along with their clinical relevance, was examined by in vitro and in silico approaches. RESULTS TMEM200A and PRKAR1B were recognised as potentially involved in both phenomena, also having high predictive and prognostic values for OC patients. CBP-resistant MES-OV CBP8 cells were more sensitive to PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitors Rapamycin, Wortmannin, SB216763, and transcription inhibitor Triptolide compared with parental MES-OV cells. When combined with CBP, Rapamycin decreased the sensitivity of parental cells while Triptolide sensitised drug-resistant cells to CBP. Four PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors reduced migration in both cell lines. CONCLUSIONS A newly established research model and two distinct transcriptome analysis approaches identified novel candidate genes enrolled in CBP resistance development and/or CBP-induced EMT and implied that one-gene targeting could be a better approach than signalling pathway inhibition for influencing both phenomena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juran Kralj
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Margareta Pernar Kovač
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Dabelić
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovačića 1, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Thorsten Wachtmeister
- Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory at the Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory at the Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anamaria Brozovic
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rohbeck E, Niersmann C, Köhrer K, Wachtmeister T, Roden M, Eckel J, Romacho T. Positive allosteric GABA A receptor modulation counteracts lipotoxicity-induced gene expression changes in hepatocytes in vitro. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1106075. [PMID: 36860523 PMCID: PMC9968943 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1106075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: We have previously shown that the novel positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor, HK4, exerts hepatoprotective effects against lipotoxicity-induced apoptosis, DNA damage, inflammation and ER stress in vitro. This might be mediated by downregulated phosphorylation of the transcription factors NF-κB and STAT3. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of HK4 on lipotoxicity-induced hepatocyte injury at the transcriptional level. Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with palmitate (200 μM) in the presence or absence of HK4 (10 μM) for 7 h. Total RNA was isolated and the expression profiles of mRNAs were assessed. Differentially expressed genes were identified and subjected to the DAVID database and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software for functional and pathway analysis, all under appropriate statistical testing. Results: Transcriptomic analysis showed substantial modifications in gene expression in response to palmitate as lipotoxic stimulus with 1,457 differentially expressed genes affecting lipid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis, oxidative and ER stress among others. HK4 preincubation resulted in the prevention of palmitate-induced dysregulation by restoring initial gene expression pattern of untreated hepatocytes comprising 456 genes. Out of the 456 genes, 342 genes were upregulated and 114 downregulated by HK4. Enriched pathways analysis of those genes by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, pointed towards oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysregulation, protein ubiquitination, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation as affected pathways. These pathways are regulated by the key upstream regulators TP53, KDM5B, DDX5, CAB39 L and SYVN1, which orchestrate the metabolic and oxidative stress responses including modulation of DNA repair and degradation of ER stress-induced misfolded proteins in the presence or absence of HK4. Discussion: We conclude that HK4 specifically targets mitochondrial respiration, protein ubiquitination, apoptosis and cell cycle. This not only helps to counteract lipotoxic hepatocellular injury through modification of gene expression, but - by targeting transcription factors responsible for DNA repair, cell cycle progression and ER stress - might even prevent lipotoxic mechanisms. These findings suggest that HK4 has a great potential for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Rohbeck
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany,CureDiab Metabolic Research GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Corinna Niersmann
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany,CureDiab Metabolic Research GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wachtmeister
- Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Eckel
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,CureDiab Metabolic Research GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tania Romacho
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,Chronic Complications of Diabetes Lab (ChroCoDiL), Department of Nursing Sciences, Physiotherapy and Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almería, Almería, Spain,*Correspondence: Tania Romacho,
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Burmeister A, Stephan A, Alves Avelar LA, Müller MR, Seiwert A, Höfmann S, Fischer F, Torres-Gomez H, Hoffmann MJ, Niegisch G, Bremmer F, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Albers P, Kurz T, Skowron MA, Nettersheim D. Establishment and Evaluation of Dual HDAC/BET Inhibitors as Therapeutic Options for Germ Cell Tumors and Other Urological Malignancies. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:1674-1688. [PMID: 35999659 PMCID: PMC9630828 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-22-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Urological malignancies represent major challenges for clinicians, with annually rising incidences. In addition, cisplatin treatment induced long-term toxicities and the development of therapy resistance emphasize the need for novel therapeutics. In this study, we analyzed the effects of novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) and bromodomain and extraterminal domain-containing (BET) inhibitors to combine them into a potent HDAC-BET-fusion molecule and to understand their molecular mode-of-action. Treatment of (cisplatin-resistant) germ cell tumors (GCT), urothelial, renal, and prostate carcinoma cells with the HDAC, BET, and dual inhibitors decreased cell viability, induced apoptosis, and affected the cell cycle. Furthermore, a dual inhibitor considerably decreased tumor burden in GCT xenograft models. On a molecular level, correlating RNA- to ATAC-sequencing data indicated a considerable induction of gene expression, accompanied by site-specific changes of chromatin accessibility after HDAC inhibitor application. Upregulated genes could be linked to intra- and extra-cellular trafficking, cellular organization, and neuronal processes, including neuroendocrine differentiation. Regarding chromatin accessibility on a global level, an equal distribution of active or repressed DNA accessibility has been detected after HDAC inhibitor treatment, questioning the current understanding of HDAC inhibitor function. In summary, our HDAC, BET, and dual inhibitors represent a new treatment alternative for urological malignancies. Furthermore, we shed light on new molecular and epigenetic mechanisms of the tested epi-drugs, allowing for a better understanding of the underlying modes-of-action and risk assessment for the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Burmeister
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexa Stephan
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Leandro A. Alves Avelar
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Melanie R. Müller
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Seiwert
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Höfmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Fabian Fischer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hector Torres-Gomez
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michèle J. Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Bladder Cancer Group, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Guenter Niegisch
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Bladder Cancer Group, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Felix Bremmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory (GTL), Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory (GTL), Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Albers
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Kurz
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Margaretha A. Skowron
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Corresponding Authors: Daniel Nettersheim, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. Phone: 49-021-1811-5844; E-mail: ; and Margaretha A. Skowron,
| | - Daniel Nettersheim
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Corresponding Authors: Daniel Nettersheim, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. Phone: 49-021-1811-5844; E-mail: ; and Margaretha A. Skowron,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Milenkovic D, Rodriguez‐Mateos A, Lucosz M, Istas G, Declerck K, Sansone R, Deenen R, Köhrer K, Corral‐Jara KF, Altschmied J, Haendeler J, Kelm M, Berghe WV, Heiss C. Flavanol Consumption in Healthy Men Preserves Integrity of Immunological-Endothelial Barrier Cell Functions: Nutri(epi)genomic Analysis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2100991. [PMID: 35094491 PMCID: PMC9787825 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE While cocoa flavanol (CF) consumption improves cardiovascular risk biomarkers, molecular mechanisms underlying their protective effects are not understood. OBJECTIVE To investigate nutri(epi)genomic effects of CF and identify regulatory networks potential mediating vascular health benefits. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty healthy middle-aged men consume CF (bi-daily 450 mg) or control drinks for 1 month. Microarray analysis identifies 2235 differentially expressed genes (DEG) involved in processes regulating immune response, cell adhesion, or cytoskeleton organization. Distinct patterns of DEG correlate with CF-related changes in endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and blood pressure. DEG profile negatively correlates with expression profiles of cardiovascular disease patients. CF modulated DNA methylation profile of genes implicates in cell adhesion, actin cytoskeleton organization, or cell signaling. In silico docking analyses indicate that CF metabolites have the potential of binding to cell signaling proteins and transcription factors. Incubation of plasma obtained after CF consumption decrease monocyte to endothelial adhesion and dose-dependently increase nitric oxide-dependent chemotaxis of circulating angiogenic cells further validating the biological functions of CF metabolites. CONCLUSION In healthy humans, CF consumption may mediate vascular protective effects by modulating gene expression and DNA methylation towards a cardiovascular protective effect, in agreement with clinical results, by preserving integrity of immunological-endothelial barrier functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dragan Milenkovic
- Department of NutritionUniversity of California DavisDavisCA95616USA,INRAEUNHUniversité Clermont AuvergneClermont‐FerrandF‐63000France
| | - Ana Rodriguez‐Mateos
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany,Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Life Course and Population SciencesFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Margarete Lucosz
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Geoffrey Istas
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany,Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Life Course and Population SciencesFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Ken Declerck
- PPESDepartment of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Antwerp (UA)WilrijkBelgium
| | - Roberto Sansone
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - René Deenen
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ)Heinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ)Heinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | | | - Joachim Altschmied
- Environmentally‐induced Cardiovascular DegenerationClinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich‐Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany,IUF‐Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental MedicineDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Judith Haendeler
- Environmentally‐induced Cardiovascular DegenerationClinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich‐Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Malte Kelm
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Wim Vanden Berghe
- PPESDepartment of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Antwerp (UA)WilrijkBelgium
| | - Christian Heiss
- Division of CardiologyPulmonology, and Vascular MedicineMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany,Clinical Medicine SectionDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUK,Department of Vascular MedicineSurrey and Sussex NHS Healthcare TrustEast Surrey HospitalRedhillUK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gruchot J, Lein F, Lewen I, Reiche L, Weyers V, Petzsch P, Göttle P, Köhrer K, Hartung HP, Küry P, Kremer D. Siponimod Modulates the Reaction of Microglial Cells to Pro-Inflammatory Stimulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13278. [PMID: 36362063 PMCID: PMC9655930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Siponimod (Mayzent®), a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulator which prevents lymphocyte egress from lymphoid tissues, is approved for the treatment of relapsing-remitting and active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. It can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and selectively binds to S1PR1 and S1PR5 expressed by several cell populations of the central nervous system (CNS) including microglia. In multiple sclerosis, microglia are a key CNS cell population moving back and forth in a continuum of beneficial and deleterious states. On the one hand, they can contribute to neurorepair by clearing myelin debris, which is a prerequisite for remyelination and neuroprotection. On the other hand, they also participate in autoimmune inflammation and axonal degeneration by producing pro-inflammatory cytokines and molecules. In this study, we demonstrate that siponimod can modulate the microglial reaction to lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel Gruchot
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Lein
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Isabel Lewen
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Reiche
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Vivien Weyers
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Göttle
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
- Brain and Mind Center, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Palacky University Olomouc, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Patrick Küry
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - David Kremer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nederlof R, Reidel S, Spychala A, Gödecke S, Heinen A, Lautwein T, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Gödecke A. Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Attenuates the Pro-Inflammatory Phenotype of Neutrophils in Myocardial Infarction. Front Immunol 2022; 13:908023. [PMID: 35911749 PMCID: PMC9334797 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.908023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) induces an extensive sterile inflammation, which is dominated in the early phase by invading neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages. The inflammatory response after MI critically affects infarct healing and cardiac remodeling. Therefore, modulation of cardiac inflammation may improve outcome post MI. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) treatment reduces infarct size and improves cardiac function after MI via IGF1 receptor mediated signaling in myeloid cells. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of IGF1 on neutrophil phenotype both in vitro and in vivo after MI. We show that IGF1 induces an anti-inflammatory phenotype in bone marrow derived neutrophils. On the molecular and functional level IGF1 treated neutrophils were indistinguishable from those induced by IL4. Surprisingly, insulin, even though it is highly similar to IGF1 did not create anti-inflammatory neutrophils. Notably, the IGF1 effect was independent of the canonical Ras/Raf/ERK or PI3K/AKT pathway, but depended on activation of the JAK2/STAT6 pathway, which was not activated by insulin treatment. Single cell sequencing analysis 3 days after MI also showed that 3 day IGF1 treatment caused a downregulation of pro-inflammatory genes and upstream regulators in most neutrophil and many macrophage cell clusters whereas anti-inflammatory genes and upstream regulators were upregulated. Thus, IGF1 acts like an anti-inflammatory cytokine on myeloid cells in vitro and attenuates the pro-inflammatory phenotype of neutrophils and macrophages in vivo after MI. IGF1 treatment might therefore represent an effective immune modulatory therapy to improve the outcome after MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rianne Nederlof
- Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufphysiologie, Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sophia Reidel
- Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufphysiologie, Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - André Spychala
- Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufphysiologie, Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gödecke
- Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufphysiologie, Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - André Heinen
- Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufphysiologie, Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Lautwein
- Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Genomics and Transcriptomics Labor, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Genomics and Transcriptomics Labor, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Genomics and Transcriptomics Labor, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Axel Gödecke
- Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufphysiologie, Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- *Correspondence: Axel Gödecke,
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Skowron MA, Eul K, Stephan A, Ludwig GF, Wakileh GA, Bister A, Söhngen C, Raba K, Petzsch P, Poschmann G, Kuffour EO, Degrandi D, Ali S, Wiek C, Hanenberg H, Münk C, Stühler K, Köhrer K, Mass E, Nettersheim D. Profiling the 3D interaction between germ cell tumors and microenvironmental cells at the transcriptome and secretome level. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:3107-3127. [PMID: 35811571 PMCID: PMC9441004 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TM), consisting of the extracellular matrix (ECM), fibroblasts, endothelial cells and immune cells, might affect tumor invasiveness and the outcome of standard chemotherapy. This study investigated the cross-talk between germ cell tumors (GCT) and surrounding TM cells (macrophages, T-lymphocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts) at the transcriptome and secretome level. Using high-throughput approaches of three-dimensional (3D) co-cultured cellular aggregates, this study offers newly identified pathways to be studied with regard to sensitivity towards cisplatin-based chemotherapy or tumor invasiveness as a consequence of the cross-talk between tumor cells and TM components. Mass-spectrometry-based secretome analyses revealed that TM cells secreted factors involved in ECM organization, cell adhesion, angiogenesis and regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) transport. To evaluate direct cell-cell contacts, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing GCT cells and mCherry-expressing TM cells were co-cultured in 3D. Afterwards, cell populations were separated by flow cytometry and analyzed by RNA-sequencing. Correlating the secretome with transcriptome data indicated molecular processes such as cell adhesion and components of the ECM being enriched in most cell populations. Re-analyses of secretome data with regard to lysine- and proline-hydroxylated peptides revealed a gain in proteins, such as collagens and fibronectin. Cultivation of GCT cells on collagen I/IV- or fibronectin-coated plates significantly elevated adhesive and migratory capacity, while decreasing cisplatin sensitivity of GCT cells. Correspondingly, cisplatin sensitivity was significantly reduced in GCT cells under the influence of conditioned medium from fibroblasts and endothelial cells. This study sheds light on the cross-talk between GCT cells and their circumjacent TM, which results in deposition of the ECM and eventually promotes a pro-tumorigenic environment through enhanced migratory and adhesive capacity, as well as decreased cisplatin sensitivity. Hence, our observations indicate that targeting the ECM and its cellular components might be a novel therapeutic option in combination with cisplatin-based chemotherapy for GCT patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaretha A Skowron
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Eul
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexa Stephan
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gillian F Ludwig
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gamal A Wakileh
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Urology and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Arthur Bister
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Söhngen
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Raba
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gereon Poschmann
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Edmund Osei Kuffour
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Degrandi
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Constanze Wiek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Helmut Hanenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics III, University Children's Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Carsten Münk
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Elvira Mass
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, Developmental Biology of the Immune System, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Nettersheim
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jaguva Vasudevan AA, Hoffmann MJ, Poschmann G, Petzsch P, Wiek C, Stühler K, Köhrer K, Schulz WA, Niegisch G. Proteomic and transcriptomic profiles of human urothelial cancer cells with histone deacetylase 5 overexpression. Sci Data 2022; 9:240. [PMID: 35624179 PMCID: PMC9142574 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the urinary bladder is a prevalent cancer worldwide. Because histone deacetylases (HDACs) are important factors in cancer, targeting these epigenetic regulators is considered an attractive strategy to develop novel anticancer drugs. Whereas HDAC1 and HDAC2 promote UC, HDAC5 is often downregulated and only weakly expressed in UC cell lines, suggesting a tumor-suppressive function. We studied the effect of stable lentiviral-mediated HDAC5 overexpression in four UC cell lines with different phenotypes (RT112, VM-Cub-1, SW1710, and UM-UC-3, each with vector controls). In particular, comprehensive proteomics and RNA-seq transcriptomics analyses were performed on the four cell line pairs, which are described here. For comparison, the immortalized benign urothelial cell line HBLAK was included. These datasets will be a useful resource for researchers studying UC, and especially the influence of HDAC5 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, these data will inform studies on HDAC5 as a less studied member of the HDAC family in other cell types and diseases, especially fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Ayyappan Jaguva Vasudevan
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. .,Structural Cell Biology Group, Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
| | - Michèle J Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gereon Poschmann
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Proteome Research, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Constanze Wiek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Proteome Research, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A Schulz
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Günter Niegisch
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Reidel S, Nederlof R, Köhrer K, Petzsch P, Gödecke A. Insulin‐like growth factor 1 induces a reparative neutrophil phenotype. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r2840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Reidel
- Cardiovascular PhysiologyUniversitätsklinikum DüsseldorfDüsseldorf
| | - Rianne Nederlof
- Cardiovascular PhysiologyUniversitätsklinikum DüsseldorfDüsseldorf
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Genomics & Transcriptomics LaboratoryHeinrich‐Heine UniversityDüsseldorf
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Genomics & Transcriptomics LaboratoryHeinrich‐Heine UniversityDüsseldorf
| | - Axel Gödecke
- Cardiovascular PhysiologyUniversitätsklinikum DüsseldorfDüsseldorf
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dietrich M, Hecker C, Martin E, Langui D, Gliem M, Stankoff B, Lubetzki C, Gruchot J, Göttle P, Issberner A, Nasiri M, Ramseier P, Beerli C, Tisserand S, Beckmann N, Shimshek D, Petzsch P, Akbar D, Levkau B, Stark H, Köhrer K, Hartung HP, Küry P, Meuth SG, Bigaud M, Zalc B, Albrecht P. Increased Remyelination and Proregenerative Microglia Under Siponimod Therapy in Mechanistic Models. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2022; 9:9/3/e1161. [PMID: 35354603 PMCID: PMC8969301 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000001161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Siponimod is an oral, selective sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1/5 modulator approved for treatment of multiple sclerosis. Methods Mouse MRI was used to investigate remyelination in the cuprizone model. We then used a conditional demyelination Xenopus laevis model to assess the dose-response of siponimod on remyelination. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis–optic neuritis (EAEON) in C57Bl/6J mice, we monitored the retinal thickness and the visual acuity using optical coherence tomography and optomotor response. Optic nerve inflammatory infiltrates, demyelination, and microglial and oligodendroglial differentiation were assessed by immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time PCR, and bulk RNA sequencing. Results An increased remyelination was observed in the cuprizone model. Siponimod treatment of demyelinated tadpoles improved remyelination in comparison to control in a bell-shaped dose-response curve. Siponimod in the EAEON model attenuated the clinical score, reduced the retinal degeneration, and improved the visual function after prophylactic and therapeutic treatment, also in a bell-shaped manner. Inflammatory infiltrates and demyelination of the optic nerve were reduced, the latter even after therapeutic treatment, which also shifted microglial differentiation to a promyelinating phenotype. Discussion These results confirm the immunomodulatory effects of siponimod and suggest additional regenerative and promyelinating effects, which follow the dynamics of a bell-shaped curve with high being less efficient than low concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dietrich
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Hecker
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Elodie Martin
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominique Langui
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Gliem
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno Stankoff
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Catherine Lubetzki
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Joel Gruchot
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Göttle
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Issberner
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Milad Nasiri
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Pamela Ramseier
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Beerli
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Tisserand
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicolau Beckmann
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Derya Shimshek
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - David Akbar
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Bodo Levkau
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Holger Stark
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Köhrer
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Küry
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Sven Günther Meuth
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Marc Bigaud
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernard Zalc
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Albrecht
- From the Department of Neurology (M.D., C.H., M.G., J.G., P.G., A.I., M.N., H.-P.H., P.K., S.G.M.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty (P.A.), Düsseldorf, Germany; Sorbonne Université (E.M., D.L., B.S., C.L., D.A., B.Z.), Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; AP-HP (B.S.), Saint-Antoine Hospital; AP-HP (C.L.), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (P.R., C.B., S.T., N.B., D.S., M.B.), Basel, Switzerland; Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ) (P.P., K.K.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty; Institute for Molecular Medicine III (B.L.), University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (H.S.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Center (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; and Medical University of Vienna (H.-P.H.), Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang X, Ali S, Zhao M, Richter L, Schäfer V, Schliehe-Diecks J, Frank M, Qi J, Larsen PK, Skerra J, Islam H, Wachtmeister T, Alter C, Huang A, Bhatia S, Köhrer K, Kirschning C, Weighardt H, Kalinke U, Kalscheuer R, Uhrberg M, Scheu S. The Mycotoxin Beauvericin Exhibits Immunostimulatory Effects on Dendritic Cells via Activating the TLR4 Signaling Pathway. Front Immunol 2022; 13:856230. [PMID: 35464417 PMCID: PMC9024221 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.856230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Beauvericin (BEA), a mycotoxin of the enniatin family produced by various toxigenic fungi, has been attributed multiple biological activities such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial functions. However, effects of BEA on dendritic cells remain unknown so far. Here, we identified effects of BEA on murine granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-cultured bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and the underlying molecular mechanisms. BEA potently activates BMDCs as signified by elevated IL-12 and CD86 expression. Multiplex immunoassays performed on myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) and toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain containing adaptor inducing interferon beta (TRIF) single or double deficient BMDCs indicate that BEA induces inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production in a MyD88/TRIF dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that BEA was not able to induce IL-12 or IFNβ production in Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4)-deficient BMDCs, whereas induction of these cytokines was not compromised in Tlr3/7/9 deficient BMDCs. This suggests that TLR4 might be the functional target of BEA on BMDCs. Consistently, in luciferase reporter assays BEA stimulation significantly promotes NF-κB activation in mTLR4/CD14/MD2 overexpressing but not control HEK-293 cells. RNA-sequencing analyses further confirmed that BEA induces transcriptional changes associated with the TLR4 signaling pathway. Together, these results identify TLR4 as a cellular BEA sensor and define BEA as a potent activator of BMDCs, implying that this compound can be exploited as a promising candidate structure for vaccine adjuvants or cancer immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yang
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Manman Zhao
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisa Richter
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vanessa Schäfer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julian Schliehe-Diecks
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marian Frank
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jing Qi
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Pia-Katharina Larsen
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jennifer Skerra
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heba Islam
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wachtmeister
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christina Alter
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anfei Huang
- Institute for Systems Immunology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität of Würzburg (JMU), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sanil Bhatia
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carsten Kirschning
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Heike Weighardt
- Immunology and Environment, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence - Resolving Infection Susceptibility (RESIST, EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rainer Kalscheuer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus Uhrberg
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Scheu
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- *Correspondence: Stefanie Scheu,
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bartkowiak A, Thy S, Hommels A, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Niegisch G, Hoffmann M. Epigenetic treatment with BET inhibitor PLX51107 sensitizes urothelial carcinoma cells to cisplatin and PARP inhibitors. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)01155-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
26
|
Skowron M, Eul K, Stephan A, Wakileh G, Ludwig G, Söhngen C, Bister A, Raba K, Petzsch P, Poschmann G, Stühler K, Köhrer K, Albers P, Nettersheim D. Studying the interaction of germ cell tumors with the microenvironment reveals novel factors involved in cisplatin resistance. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00636-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
27
|
Klose J, Tigges J, Masjosthusmann S, Schmuck K, Bendt F, Hübenthal U, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Koch K, Fritsche E. Corrigendum to TBBPA Targets Converging Key Events of Human Oligodendrocyte Development Resulting in Two Novel AOPs. ALTEX 2022; 39:339. [PMID: 35413128 DOI: 10.14573/altex.2203151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this manuscript, which appeared in ALTEX 38, 215-234 (doi:10.14573/altex.2007201), there was an error in Figure 4. The corrected Figure is available at 10.14573/altex.2203151.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jördis Klose
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Tigges
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Katharina Schmuck
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Farina Bendt
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrike Hübenthal
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Koch
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ellen Fritsche
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bottermann K, Kalfhues L, Nederlof R, Hemmers A, Leitner LM, Oenarto V, Nemmer J, Pfeffer M, Raje V, Deenen R, Petzsch P, Zabri H, Köhrer K, Reichert AS, Grandoch M, Fischer JW, Herebian D, Stegbauer J, Harris TE, Gödecke A. Cardiomyocyte p38 MAPKα suppresses a heart-adipose tissue-neutrophil crosstalk in heart failure development. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:48. [PMID: 36205817 PMCID: PMC9542472 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00955-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Although p38 MAP Kinase α (p38 MAPKα) is generally accepted to play a central role in the cardiac stress response, to date its function in maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy is still not unambiguously defined. To induce a pathological type of cardiac hypertrophy we infused angiotensin II (AngII) for 2 days via osmotic mini pumps in control and tamoxifen-inducible, cardiomyocyte (CM)-specific p38 MAPKα KO mice (iCMp38αKO) and assessed cardiac function by echocardiography, complemented by transcriptomic, histological, and immune cell analysis. AngII treatment after inactivation of p38 MAPKα in CM results in left ventricular (LV) dilatation within 48 h (EDV: BL: 83.8 ± 22.5 µl, 48 h AngII: 109.7 ± 14.6 µl) and an ectopic lipid deposition in cardiomyocytes, reflecting a metabolic dysfunction in pressure overload (PO). This was accompanied by a concerted downregulation of transcripts for oxidative phosphorylation, TCA cycle, and fatty acid metabolism. Cardiac inflammation involving neutrophils, macrophages, B- and T-cells was significantly enhanced. Inhibition of adipose tissue lipolysis by the small molecule inhibitor of adipocytetriglyceride lipase (ATGL) Atglistatin reduced cardiac lipid accumulation by 70% and neutrophil infiltration by 30% and went along with an improved cardiac function. Direct targeting of neutrophils by means of anti Ly6G-antibody administration in vivo led to a reduced LV dilation in iCMp38αKO mice and an improved systolic function (EF: 39.27 ± 14%). Thus, adipose tissue lipolysis and CM lipid accumulation augmented cardiac inflammation in iCMp38αKO mice. Neutrophils, in particular, triggered the rapid left ventricular dilatation. We provide the first evidence that p38 MAPKα acts as an essential switch in cardiac adaptation to PO by mitigating metabolic dysfunction and inflammation. Moreover, we identified a heart-adipose tissue-immune cell crosstalk, which might serve as new therapeutic target in cardiac pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Bottermann
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lisa Kalfhues
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rianne Nederlof
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anne Hemmers
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lucia M Leitner
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vici Oenarto
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jana Nemmer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mirjam Pfeffer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vidisha Raje
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Rene Deenen
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Heba Zabri
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens W Fischer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
- CARID-Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johannes Stegbauer
- Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thurl E Harris
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Axel Gödecke
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Postfach 101007, 40001, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- CARID-Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Grunewald CM, Haist C, König C, Petzsch P, Bister A, Nößner E, Wiek C, Scheckenbach K, Köhrer K, Niegisch G, Hanenberg H, Hoffmann MJ. Epigenetic Priming of Bladder Cancer Cells With Decitabine Increases Cytotoxicity of Human EGFR and CD44v6 CAR Engineered T-Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:782448. [PMID: 34868059 PMCID: PMC8637820 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.782448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment of B-cell malignancies with CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells marked a new era in immunotherapy, which yet has to be successfully adopted to solid cancers. Epigenetic inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTi) and histone deacetylases (HDACi) can induce broad changes in gene expression of malignant cells, thus making these inhibitors interesting combination partners for immunotherapeutic approaches. Methods Urothelial carcinoma cell lines (UCC) and benign uroepithelial HBLAK cells pretreated with the DNMTi decitabine or the HDACi romidepsin were co-incubated with CAR T-cells directed against EGFR or CD44v6, and subsequent cytotoxicity assays were performed. Effects on T-cell cytotoxicity and surface antigen expression on UCC were determined by flow cytometry. We also performed next-generation mRNA sequencing of inhibitor-treated UCC and siRNA-mediated knockdown of potential regulators of CAR T-cell killing. Results Exposure to decitabine but not romidepsin enhanced CAR T-cell cytotoxicity towards all UCC lines, but not towards the benign HBLAK cells. Increased killing could neither be attributed to enhanced target antigen expression (EGFR and CD44v6) nor fully explained by changes in the T-cell ligands PD-L1, PD-L2, ICAM-1, or CD95. Instead, gene expression analysis suggested that regulators of cell survival and apoptosis were differentially induced by the treatment. Decitabine altered the balance between survival and apoptosis factors towards an apoptosis-sensitive state associated with increased CAR T-cell killing, while romidepsin, at least partially, tilted this balance in the opposite direction. Knockdown experiments with siRNA in UCC confirmed BID and BCL2L1/BCLX as two key factors for the altered susceptibility of the UCC. Conclusion Our data suggest that the combination of decitabine with CAR T-cell therapy is an attractive novel therapeutic approach to enhance tumor-specific killing of bladder cancer. Since BID and BCL2L1 are essential determinants for the susceptibility of a wide variety of malignant cells, their targeting might be additionally suitable for combination with immunotherapies, e.g., CAR T-cells or checkpoint inhibitors in other malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla M Grunewald
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Corinna Haist
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics III, University Children's Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Carolin König
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Arthur Bister
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics III, University Children's Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Elfriede Nößner
- Immunoanalytics: Tissue Control of Immunocytes, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Constanze Wiek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Kathrin Scheckenbach
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Günter Niegisch
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Helmut Hanenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics III, University Children's Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michèle J Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mann-Nüttel R, Ali S, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Alferink J, Scheu S. The transcription factor reservoir and chromatin landscape in activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells. BMC Genom Data 2021; 22:37. [PMID: 34544361 PMCID: PMC8454182 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-021-00991-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transcription factors (TFs) control gene expression by direct binding to regulatory regions of target genes but also by impacting chromatin landscapes and modulating DNA accessibility for other TFs. In recent years several TFs have been defined that control cell fate decisions and effector functions in the immune system. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are an immune cell type with the unique capacity to produce high amounts of type I interferons quickly in response to contact with viral components. Hereby, this cell type is involved in anti-infectious immune responses but also in the development of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. To date, the global TF reservoir in pDCs early after activation remains to be fully characterized. Results To fill this gap, we have performed a comprehensive analysis in naïve versus TLR9-activated murine pDCs in a time course study covering early timepoints after stimulation (2 h, 6 h, 12 h) integrating gene expression (RNA-Seq) and chromatin landscape (ATAC-Seq) studies. To unravel the biological processes underlying the changes in TF expression on a global scale gene ontology (GO) analyses were performed. We found that 70% of all genes annotated as TFs in the mouse genome (1014 out of 1636) are expressed in pDCs for at least one stimulation time point and are covering a wide range of TF classes defined by their specific DNA binding mechanisms. GO analysis revealed involvement of TLR9-induced TFs in epigenetic modulation, NFκB and JAK-STAT signaling, and protein production in the endoplasmic reticulum. pDC activation predominantly “turned on” the chromatin regions associated with TF genes. Our in silico analyses pointed at the AP-1 family of TFs as less noticed but possibly important players in these cells after activation. AP-1 family members exhibit (1) increased gene expression, (2) enhanced chromatin accessibility in their promoter region, and (3) a TF DNA binding motif that is globally enriched in genomic regions that were found more accessible in pDCs after TLR9 activation. Conclusions In this study we define the complete set of TLR9-regulated TFs in pDCs. Further, this study identifies the AP-1 family of TFs as potentially important but so far less well characterized regulators of pDC function. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12863-021-00991-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Mann-Nüttel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, Münster, Germany.,Department of Mental Health, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Judith Alferink
- Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, Münster, Germany.,Department of Mental Health, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefanie Scheu
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Reich M, Spomer L, Klindt C, Fuchs K, Stindt J, Deutschmann K, Höhne J, Liaskou E, Hov JR, Karlsen TH, Beuers U, Verheij J, Ferreira-Gonzalez S, Hirschfield G, Forbes SJ, Schramm C, Esposito I, Nierhoff D, Fickert P, Fuchs CD, Trauner M, García-Beccaria M, Gabernet G, Nahnsen S, Mallm JP, Vogel M, Schoonjans K, Lautwein T, Köhrer K, Häussinger D, Luedde T, Heikenwalder M, Keitel V. Downregulation of TGR5 (GPBAR1) in biliary epithelial cells contributes to the pathogenesis of sclerosing cholangitis. J Hepatol 2021; 75:634-646. [PMID: 33872692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is characterized by chronic inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the biliary tree. The bile acid receptor TGR5 (GPBAR1) is found on biliary epithelial cells (BECs), where it promotes secretion, proliferation and tight junction integrity. Thus, we speculated that changes in TGR5-expression in BECs may contribute to PSC pathogenesis. METHODS TGR5-expression and -localization were analyzed in PSC livers and liver tissue, isolated bile ducts and BECs from Abcb4-/-, Abcb4-/-/Tgr5Tg and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA)- or 24-norursodeoxycholic acid (norUDCA)-fed Abcb4-/- mice. The effects of IL8/IL8 homologues on TGR5 mRNA and protein levels were studied. BEC gene expression was analyzed by single-cell transcriptomics (scRNA-seq) from distinct mouse models. RESULTS TGR5 mRNA expression and immunofluorescence staining intensity were reduced in BECs of PSC and Abcb4-/- livers, in Abcb4-/- extrahepatic bile ducts, but not in intrahepatic macrophages. No changes in TGR5 BEC fluorescence intensity were detected in liver tissue of other liver diseases, including primary biliary cholangitis. Incubation of BECs with IL8/IL8 homologues, but not with other cytokines, reduced TGR5 mRNA and protein levels. BECs from Abcb4-/- mice had lower levels of phosphorylated Erk and higher expression levels of Icam1, Vcam1 and Tgfβ2. Overexpression of Tgr5 abolished the activated inflammatory phenotype characteristic of Abcb4-/- BECs. NorUDCA-feeding restored TGR5-expression levels in BECs in Abcb4-/- livers. CONCLUSIONS Reduced TGR5 levels in BECs from patients with PSC and Abcb4-/- mice promote development of a reactive BEC phenotype, aggravate biliary injury and thus contribute to the pathogenesis of sclerosing cholangitis. Restoration of biliary TGR5-expression levels represents a previously unknown mechanism of action of norUDCA. LAY SUMMARY Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease-associated with progressive inflammation of the bile duct, leading to fibrosis and end-stage liver disease. Bile acid (BA) toxicity may contribute to the development and disease progression of PSC. TGR5 is a membrane-bound receptor for BAs, which is found on bile ducts and protects bile ducts from BA toxicity. In this study, we show that TGR5 levels were reduced in bile ducts from PSC livers and in bile ducts from a genetic mouse model of PSC. Our investigations indicate that lower levels of TGR5 in bile ducts may contribute to PSC development and progression. Furthermore, treatment with norUDCA, a drug currently being tested in a phase III trial for PSC, restored TGR5 levels in biliary epithelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Reich
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lina Spomer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Caroline Klindt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Fuchs
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan Stindt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kathleen Deutschmann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johanna Höhne
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Evaggelia Liaskou
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Johannes R Hov
- Norwegian PSC Research Centre and Section of Gastroenterology at the Department of Transplantation Medicine, and Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom H Karlsen
- Norwegian PSC Research Centre and Section of Gastroenterology at the Department of Transplantation Medicine, and Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulrich Beuers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research and Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, AGEM Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne Verheij
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research and Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, AGEM Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gideon Hirschfield
- Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stuart J Forbes
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christoph Schramm
- I. Department of Medicine and Martin Zeitz Centre for Rare Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Irene Esposito
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dirk Nierhoff
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Fickert
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Claudia Daniela Fuchs
- Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Trauner
- Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - María García-Beccaria
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gisela Gabernet
- Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sven Nahnsen
- Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jan-Philipp Mallm
- Single Cell Open Lab, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marina Vogel
- DKFZ Genomics and Proteomics Core Facility, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Lautwein
- Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory, Biologisch-Medizinisches-Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory, Biologisch-Medizinisches-Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Keitel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Benga L, Nicklas W, Lautwein T, Verbarg S, Gougoula C, Engelhardt E, Benten WPM, Köhrer K, Sager M, Christensen H. Rodentibacter haemolyticus sp. nov. isolated from laboratory rodents. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 34379582 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nine strains of a Rodentibacter-related bacterium were isolated over a period of 38 years from a laboratory mouse (Mus musculus), seven laboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus) and a Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) in Düsseldorf and Heidelberg, Germany. The isolates are genotypically and phenotypically distinct from all previously described Rodentibacter species. Sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences placed the isolates as a novel lineage within the genus Rodentibacter. In addition to the single-gene analysis, the whole genome sequence of the strain 1625/19T revealed distinct genome-to-genome distance values to the other Rodentibacter species. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain 1625/19T was 40.8 mol% within the range of Rodentibacter. At least six phenotypic characteristics separate the new isolates from the other Rodentibacter species, with Rodentibacter heylii being the most closely related. In contrast to the latter, the new strains display β-haemolysis and are β-glucuronidase, d-mannitol and sorbitol positive, but fail to produce lysine decarboxylase and trehalose. The genotypic and phenotypic differences between the novel strains and the other closely related strains of the genus Rodentibacter indicate that they represent a novel species within the genus Rodentibacter, family Pasteurellaceae, for which the name Rodentibacter haemolyticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain 1625/19T, (=DSM 111151T=CCM 9081T), was isolated in 2019 from the nose of a laboratory mouse (Mus musculus) in Düsseldorf, Germany.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurentiu Benga
- Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs, University Hospital, Heinrich - Heine - University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Werner Nicklas
- Retired - Microbiological Diagnostics, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Lautwein
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susanne Verbarg
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christina Gougoula
- Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs, University Hospital, Heinrich - Heine - University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eva Engelhardt
- Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs, University Hospital, Heinrich - Heine - University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - W Peter M Benten
- Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs, University Hospital, Heinrich - Heine - University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Sager
- Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs, University Hospital, Heinrich - Heine - University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Pavic G, Petzsch P, Jansen R, Raba K, Rychlik N, Simiantonakis I, Küry P, Göttle P, Köhrer K, Hartung HP, Meuth SG, Jander S, Gliem M. Microglia contributes to remyelination in cerebral but not spinal cord ischemia. Glia 2021; 69:2739-2751. [PMID: 34390590 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation after injury of the central nervous system (CNS) is increasingly viewed as a therapeutic target. However, comparative studies in different CNS compartments are sparse. To date only few studies based on immunohistochemical data and all referring to mechanical injury have directly compared inflammation in different CNS compartments. These studies revealed that inflammation is more pronounced in spinal cord than in brain. Therefore, it is unclear whether concepts and treatments established in the cerebral cortex can be transferred to spinal cord lesions and vice versa or whether immunological treatments must be adapted to different CNS compartments. By use of transcriptomic and flow cytometry analysis of equally sized photothrombotically induced lesions in the cerebral cortex and the spinal cord, we could document an overall comparable inflammatory reaction and repair activity in brain and spinal cord between day 1 and day 7 after ischemia. However, remyelination was increased after cerebral versus spinal cord ischemia which is in line with increased remyelination in gray matter in previous analyses and was accompanied by microglia dominated inflammation opposed to monocytes/macrophages dominated inflammation after spinal cord ischemia. Interestingly remyelination could be reduced by microglia and not hematogenous macrophage depletion. Our results show that despite different cellular composition of the postischemic infiltrate the inflammatory response in cerebral cortex and spinal cord are comparable between day 1 and day 7. A striking difference was higher remyelination capacity in the cerebral cortex, which seems to be supported by microglia dominance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goran Pavic
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Robin Jansen
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Raba
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole Rychlik
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Patrick Küry
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Göttle
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jander
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Gliem
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Skowron MA, Becker TK, Kurz L, Jostes S, Bremmer F, Fronhoffs F, Funke K, Wakileh GA, Müller MR, Burmeister A, Lenz T, Stefanski A, Stühler K, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Altevogt P, Albers P, Kristiansen G, Schorle H, Nettersheim D. The signal transducer CD24 suppresses the germ cell program and promotes an ectodermal rather than mesodermal cell fate in embryonal carcinomas. Mol Oncol 2021; 16:982-1008. [PMID: 34293822 PMCID: PMC8847992 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs) are stratified into seminomas and nonseminomas. Seminomas share many histological and molecular features with primordial germ cells, whereas the nonseminoma stem cell population—embryonal carcinoma (EC)—is pluripotent and thus able to differentiate into cells of all three germ layers (teratomas). Furthermore, ECs are capable of differentiating into extra‐embryonic lineages (yolk sac tumors, choriocarcinomas). In this study, we deciphered the molecular and (epi)genetic mechanisms regulating expression of CD24, a highly glycosylated signaling molecule upregulated in many cancers. CD24 is overexpressed in ECs compared with other GCT entities and can be associated with an undifferentiated pluripotent cell fate. We demonstrate that CD24 can be transactivated by the pluripotency factor SOX2, which binds in proximity to the CD24 promoter. In GCTs, CD24 expression is controlled by epigenetic mechanisms, that is, histone acetylation, since CD24 can be induced by the application histone deacetylase inhibitors. Vice versa, CD24 expression is downregulated upon inhibition of histone methyltransferases, E3 ubiquitin ligases, or bromodomain (BRD) proteins. Additionally, three‐dimensional (3D) co‐cultivation of EC cells with microenvironmental cells, such as fibroblasts, and endothelial or immune cells, reduced CD24 expression, suggesting that crosstalk with the somatic microenvironment influences CD24 expression. In a CRISPR/Cas9 deficiency model, we demonstrate that CD24 fulfills a bivalent role in differentiation via regulation of homeobox, and phospho‐ and glycoproteins; that is, it is involved in suppressing the germ cell/spermatogenesis program and mesodermal/endodermal differentiation, while poising the cells for ectodermal differentiation. Finally, blocking CD24 by a monoclonal antibody enhanced sensitivity toward cisplatin in EC cells, including cisplatin‐resistant subclones, highlighting CD24 as a putative target in combination with cisplatin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaretha A Skowron
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Teresa K Becker
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lukas Kurz
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sina Jostes
- Department of Oncological Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Hess Center for Science and Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Felix Bremmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Kai Funke
- Department of Developmental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Gamal A Wakileh
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Urology, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
| | - Melanie R Müller
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Aaron Burmeister
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Lenz
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anja Stefanski
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Genomics & Transcriptomics Lab, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Genomics & Transcriptomics Lab, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Altevogt
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Albers
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Hubert Schorle
- Department of Developmental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Nettersheim
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yildiz I, Mantz M, Hartmann M, Zeier T, Kessel J, Thurow C, Gatz C, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Zeier J. The mobile SAR signal N-hydroxypipecolic acid induces NPR1-dependent transcriptional reprogramming and immune priming. Plant Physiol 2021; 186:1679-1705. [PMID: 33871649 PMCID: PMC8260123 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) accumulates in the plant foliage in response to a localized microbial attack and induces systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in distant leaf tissue. Previous studies indicated that pathogen inoculation of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) systemically activates SAR-related transcriptional reprogramming and a primed immune status in strict dependence of FLAVIN-DEPENDENT MONOOXYGENASE 1 (FMO1), which mediates the endogenous biosynthesis of NHP. Here, we show that elevations of NHP by exogenous treatment are sufficient to induce a SAR-reminiscent transcriptional response that mobilizes key components of immune surveillance and signal transduction. Exogenous NHP primes Arabidopsis wild-type and NHP-deficient fmo1 plants for a boosted induction of pathogen-triggered defenses, such as the biosynthesis of the stress hormone salicylic acid (SA), accumulation of the phytoalexin camalexin and branched-chain amino acids, as well as expression of defense-related genes. NHP also sensitizes the foliage systemically for enhanced SA-inducible gene expression. NHP-triggered SAR, transcriptional reprogramming, and defense priming are fortified by SA accumulation, and require the function of the transcriptional coregulator NON-EXPRESSOR OF PR GENES1 (NPR1). Our results suggest that NPR1 transduces NHP-activated immune signaling modes with predominantly SA-dependent and minor SA-independent features. They further support the notion that NHP functions as a mobile immune regulator capable of moving independently of active SA signaling between leaves to systemically activate immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ipek Yildiz
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Ecophysiology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany
| | - Melissa Mantz
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Ecophysiology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany
| | - Michael Hartmann
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Ecophysiology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany
| | - Tatyana Zeier
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Ecophysiology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany
| | - Jana Kessel
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Ecophysiology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany
| | - Corinna Thurow
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Physiology, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen D-37077, Germany
| | - Christiane Gatz
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Physiology, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen D-37077, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Medical Faculty, Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Medical Faculty, Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany
| | - Jürgen Zeier
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Ecophysiology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf D-40225, Germany
- Author for communication:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Hesse J, Owenier C, Lautwein T, Zalfen R, Weber JF, Ding Z, Alter C, Lang A, Grandoch M, Gerdes N, Fischer JW, Klau GW, Dieterich C, Köhrer K, Schrader J. Single-cell transcriptomics defines heterogeneity of epicardial cells and fibroblasts within the infarcted murine heart. eLife 2021; 10:e65921. [PMID: 34152268 PMCID: PMC8216715 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the adult heart, the epicardium becomes activated after injury, contributing to cardiac healing by secretion of paracrine factors. Here, we analyzed by single-cell RNA sequencing combined with RNA in situ hybridization and lineage tracing of Wilms tumor protein 1-positive (WT1+) cells, the cellular composition, location, and hierarchy of epicardial stromal cells (EpiSC) in comparison to activated myocardial fibroblasts/stromal cells in infarcted mouse hearts. We identified 11 transcriptionally distinct EpiSC populations, which can be classified into three groups, each containing a cluster of proliferating cells. Two groups expressed cardiac specification markers and sarcomeric proteins suggestive of cardiomyogenic potential. Transcripts of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-responsive genes were enriched in EpiSC consistent with an epicardial hypoxic niche. Expression of paracrine factors was not limited to WT1+ cells but was a general feature of activated cardiac stromal cells. Our findings provide the cellular framework by which myocardial ischemia may trigger in EpiSC the formation of cardioprotective/regenerative responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hesse
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Christoph Owenier
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Tobias Lautwein
- Biologisch-Medizinisches-Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Ria Zalfen
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Jonas F Weber
- Algorithmic Bioinformatics, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Zhaoping Ding
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Christina Alter
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Alexander Lang
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Norbert Gerdes
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Jens W Fischer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Gunnar W Klau
- Algorithmic Bioinformatics, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Christoph Dieterich
- Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, Klaus Tschira Institute for Integrative Computational Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biologisch-Medizinisches-Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Jürgen Schrader
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sorg UR, Küpper N, Mock J, Tersteegen A, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Hehlgans T, Pfeffer K. Lymphotoxin-β-receptor (LTβR) signaling on hepatocytes is required for liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. Biol Chem 2021; 402:1147-1154. [PMID: 34087963 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Lymphotoxin-β-receptor deficient (LTβR-/-) and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor p55 deficient (TNFRp55-/-) mice show defects in liver regeneration (LR) after partial hepatectomy (PHx) with significantly increased mortality. LTβR and TNFRp55 belong to the core members of the TNF/TNFR superfamily. Interestingly, combined failure of LTβR and TNFRp55 signaling after PHx leads to a complete defect in LR. Here, we first addressed the question which liver cell population crucially requires LTβR signaling for efficient LR. To this end, mice with a conditionally targeted LTβR allele (LTβRfl/fl) were crossed to AlbuminCre and LysozymeMCre mouse lines to unravel the function of the LTβR on hepatocytes and monocytes/macrophages/Kupffer cells, respectively. Analysis of these mouse lines clearly reveals that LTβR is required on hepatocytes for efficient LR while no deficit in LR was found in LTβRfl/fl × LysMCre mice. Second, the molecular basis for the cooperating role of LTβR and TNFRp55 signaling pathways in LR was investigated by transcriptome analysis of etanercept treated LTβR-/- (LTβR-/-/ET) mice. Bioinformatic analysis and subsequent verification by qRT-PCR identified novel target genes (Cyclin-L2, Fas-Binding factor 1, interferon-related developmental regulator 1, Leucyl-tRNA Synthetase 2, and galectin-4) that are upregulated by LTβR/TNFRp55 signaling after PHx and fail to be upregulated after PHx in LTβR-/-/ET mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ursula R Sorg
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole Küpper
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Mock
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anne Tersteegen
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Current address: Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Hehlgans
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), Regensburg University, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Pfeffer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Grunewald C, Haist C, König C, Petzsch P, Nößner E, Wiek C, Scheckenbach K, Köhrer K, Niegisch G, Hanenberg H, Hoffmann M. Epigenetic priming of Bladder cancer cells improves CAR T-cell cytotoxicity. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)00842-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
39
|
Jäger P, Geyh S, Twarock S, Cadeddu RP, Rabes P, Koch A, Maus U, Hesper T, Zilkens C, Rautenberg C, Bormann F, Köhrer K, Petzsch P, Wieczorek D, Betz B, Surowy H, Hildebrandt B, Germing U, Kobbe G, Haas R, Schroeder T. Acute myeloid leukemia-induced functional inhibition of healthy CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Stem Cells 2021; 39:1270-1284. [PMID: 34013984 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by an expansion of leukemic cells and a simultaneous reduction of normal hematopoietic precursors in the bone marrow (BM) resulting in hematopoietic insufficiency, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood in humans. Assuming that leukemic cells functionally inhibit healthy CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) via humoral factors, we exposed healthy BM-derived CD34+ HSPC to cell-free supernatants derived from AML cell lines as well as from 24 newly diagnosed AML patients. Exposure to AML-derived supernatants significantly inhibited proliferation, cell cycling, colony formation, and differentiation of healthy CD34+ HSPC. RNA sequencing of healthy CD34+ HSPC after exposure to leukemic conditions revealed a specific signature of genes related to proliferation, cell-cycle regulation, and differentiation, thereby reflecting their functional inhibition on a molecular level. Experiments with paired patient samples showed that these inhibitory effects are markedly related to the immunomagnetically enriched CD34+ leukemic cell population. Using PCR, ELISA, and RNA sequencing, we detected overexpression of TGFβ1 in leukemic cells on the transcriptional and protein level and, correspondingly, a molecular signature related to TGFβ1 signaling in healthy CD34+ HSPC. This inhibitory effect of TGFβ1 on healthy hematopoiesis was functionally corrobated and could be pharmacologically reverted by SD208, an inhibitor of TGFβ receptor 1 signaling. Overall, these data indicate that leukemic cells induce functional inhibition of healthy CD34+ HSPC, at least in part, through TGFβ1, suggesting that blockage of this pathway may improve hematopoiesis in AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Jäger
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Geyh
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sören Twarock
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ron-Patrick Cadeddu
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Pablo Rabes
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Annemarie Koch
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Uwe Maus
- Department of Orthopaedies and Hand Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Hesper
- Department of Orthopaedies and Hand Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Zilkens
- Department of Orthopaedies and Hand Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christina Rautenberg
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wieczorek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Beate Betz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Harald Surowy
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Barbara Hildebrandt
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrich Germing
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Guido Kobbe
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rainer Haas
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Schroeder
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Bezrutczyk M, Zöllner NR, Kruse CPS, Hartwig T, Lautwein T, Köhrer K, Frommer WB, Kim JY. Evidence for phloem loading via the abaxial bundle sheath cells in maize leaves. Plant Cell 2021; 33:531-547. [PMID: 33955497 PMCID: PMC8136869 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koaa055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Leaves are asymmetric, with different functions for adaxial and abaxial tissue. The bundle sheath (BS) of C3 barley (Hordeum vulgare) is dorsoventrally differentiated into three types of cells: adaxial structural, lateral S-type, and abaxial L-type BS cells. Based on plasmodesmatal connections between S-type cells and mestome sheath (parenchymatous cell layer below bundle sheath), S-type cells likely transfer assimilates toward the phloem. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate BS differentiation in C4 maize (Zea mays L.) plants. Abaxial BS (abBS) cells of rank-2 intermediate veins specifically expressed three SWEET sucrose uniporters (SWEET13a, b, and c) and UmamiT amino acid efflux transporters. SWEET13a, b, c mRNAs were also detected in the phloem parenchyma (PP). We show that maize has acquired a mechanism for phloem loading in which abBS cells provide the main route for apoplasmic sucrose transfer toward the phloem. This putative route predominates in veins responsible for phloem loading (rank-2 intermediate), whereas rank-1 intermediate and major veins export sucrose from the PP adjacent to the sieve element companion cell complex, as in Arabidopsis thaliana. We surmise that abBS identity is subject to dorsoventral patterning and has components of PP identity. These observations provide insights into the unique transport-specific properties of abBS cells and support a modification to the canonical phloem loading pathway in maize.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Bezrutczyk
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Nora R Zöllner
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Colin P S Kruse
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Thomas Hartwig
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Tobias Lautwein
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory (GTL), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory (GTL), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Wolf B Frommer
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Author for correspondence:
| | - Ji-Yun Kim
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Rautenberg C, Germing U, Stepanow S, Lauseker M, Köhrer K, Jäger PS, Geyh S, Fan M, Haas R, Kobbe G, Schroeder T. Influence of somatic mutations and pretransplant strategies in patients allografted for myelodysplastic syndrome or secondary acute myeloid leukemia. Am J Hematol 2021; 96:E15-E17. [PMID: 33017477 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Rautenberg
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine - University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrich Germing
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine - University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Stepanow
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine - University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Lauseker
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine - University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Paul S Jäger
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine - University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Geyh
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine - University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Min Fan
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Haas
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine - University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Guido Kobbe
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine - University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Schroeder
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine - University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Henrich B, Hammerlage S, Scharf S, Haberhausen D, Fürnkranz U, Köhrer K, Peitzmann L, Fiori PL, Spergser J, Pfeffer K, Dilthey AT. Characterisation of mobile genetic elements in Mycoplasma hominis with the description of ICEHo-II, a variant mycoplasma integrative and conjugative element. Mob DNA 2020; 11:30. [PMID: 33292499 PMCID: PMC7648426 DOI: 10.1186/s13100-020-00225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mobile genetic elements are found in genomes throughout the microbial world, mediating genome plasticity and important prokaryotic phenotypes. Even the cell wall-less mycoplasmas, which are known to harbour a minimal set of genes, seem to accumulate mobile genetic elements. In Mycoplasma hominis, a facultative pathogen of the human urogenital tract and an inherently very heterogeneous species, four different MGE-classes had been detected until now: insertion sequence ISMhom-1, prophage MHoV-1, a tetracycline resistance mediating transposon, and ICEHo, a species-specific variant of a mycoplasma integrative and conjugative element encoding a T4SS secretion system (termed MICE). RESULTS To characterize the prevalence of these MGEs, genomes of 23 M. hominis isolates were assembled using whole genome sequencing and bioinformatically analysed for the presence of mobile genetic elements. In addition to the previously described MGEs, a new ICEHo variant was found, which we designate ICEHo-II. Of 15 ICEHo-II genes, five are common MICE genes; eight are unique to ICEHo-II; and two represent a duplication of a gene also present in ICEHo-I. In 150 M. hominis isolates and based on a screening PCR, prevalence of ICEHo-I was 40.7%; of ICEHo-II, 28.7%; and of both elements, 15.3%. Activity of ICEHo-I and -II was demonstrated by detection of circularized extrachromosomal forms of the elements through PCR and subsequent Sanger sequencing. CONCLUSIONS Nanopore sequencing enabled the identification of mobile genetic elements and of ICEHo-II, a novel MICE element of M. hominis, whose phenotypic impact and potential impact on pathogenicity can now be elucidated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Henrich
- Institute of Med. Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene of the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Stephanie Hammerlage
- Institute of Med. Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene of the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Scharf
- Institute of Med. Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene of the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Department of Haematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Diana Haberhausen
- Institute of Med. Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene of the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ursula Fürnkranz
- Institute for Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Centre for Pathophysiology, Immunology and Infectiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ) of the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Lena Peitzmann
- Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ) of the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Pier Luigi Fiori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Joachim Spergser
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Pfeffer
- Institute of Med. Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene of the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander T Dilthey
- Institute of Med. Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene of the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Benga L, Benten PM, Engelhardt E, Köhrer K, Hueber B, Nicklas W, Christensen H, Sager M. Differentiation Among Rodentibacter Species Based on 16S-23S rRNA Internal Transcribed Spacer Analysis. Comp Med 2020; 70:487-491. [PMID: 33121574 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-99-990085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of Rodentibacter pneumotropicus, R. heylii, R. rarus, R. ratti, and R. heidelbergensis and of a Rodentibacter- related β-hemolytic Pasteurellaceae taxon isolated from laboratory rodents were studied for their feasibility to discriminate among these species. The 6 species analyzed showed species-specific ITS patterns that were shared by the type strains and clinical isolates and that allowed their identification. Nevertheless, differentiating between the ITS band patterns of R. pneumotropicus and R. ratti is visually challenging. In all species tested, sequence analysis of the ITS fragments revealed a larger ITSile+ala, which contained the genes for tRNAIle(GAU) and tRNA Ala(UGC), and a smaller ITSglu with the tRNAGlu(UUC) gene. The ITS sequences varied among the 6 species evaluated, displaying identity levels ranging from 62% to 86% for ITSile+ala and 68% to 90% for ITSglu. Overall, ITS amplification proved to be a reliable method to differentiate among these important Pasteurellaceae species of laboratory rodents. Moreover, the ITS sequence variations recorded here might facilitate the design of probes for specific identification of these species. The ability to diagnose these organisms to the species level could increase our understanding of their clinical significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurentiu Benga
- Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany;,
| | - Peter M Benten
- Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Eva Engelhardt
- Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Werner Nicklas
- Retired, Microbiologic Diagnostics, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Sager
- Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Klose J, Tigges J, Masjosthusmann S, Schmuck K, Bendt F, Hübenthal U, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Koch K, Fritsche E. TBBPA targets converging key events of human oligodendrocyte development resulting in two novel AOPs. ALTEX 2020; 38:215-234. [PMID: 33099281 DOI: 10.14573/altex.2007201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Myelinating oligodendrocytes (OLs) establish saltatory nerve conduction during white matter development. Thus, interference with oligodendrogenesis leads to an adverse outcome on brain performance in the child due to aberrant myelination. An intertwined network of hormonal, transcriptional and biosynthetic processes regulates OL development, thereby simultaneously creating various routes of interference for environmental toxicants. The flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is debated as an endocrine disruptor, especially of the thyroid hormone (TH) system. We identified how TBBPA interferes with the establishment of a population of maturing OLs by two independent modes-of-action (MoA), dependent and independent of TH signaling. Combining the previously published oligodendrocyte maturation assay (NPC6) with large-scale transcriptomics, we describe TBBPA as a TH disruptor, impairing human OL maturation in vitro by dysregulation of oligodendrogenesis-associated genes (i.e., MBP, KLF9 and EGR1). Furthermore, TBBPA disrupts a gene expression network regulating cholesterol homeostasis, reducing OL numbers independently of TH signaling. These two MoA converge in a novel putative adverse outcome pathway (AOP) network on the key event (KE) hypomyelination. Comparative analyses of human and rat neural progenitor cells (NPCs) revealed that human oligodendrogenesis is more sensitive to endocrine disruption by TBBPA. Therefore, ethical, cost-efficient and species-overarching in vitro assays are needed for developmental neurotoxicity hazard assessment. By incorporation of large-scale transcriptomic analyses, we brought the NPC6 assay to a higher readiness level for future applications in a regulatory context. The combination of phenotypic and transcriptomic analyses helps to study MoA to eventually build AOPs for a better understanding of neurodevelopmental toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jördis Klose
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Tigges
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Katharina Schmuck
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Farina Bendt
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrike Hübenthal
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Koch
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ellen Fritsche
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Owenier C, Hesse J, Alter C, Ding Z, Marzoq A, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Schrader J. Novel technique for the simultaneous isolation of cardiac fibroblasts and epicardial stromal cells from the infarcted murine heart. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:1047-1058. [PMID: 31504244 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Myocardial infarction (MI) leads to activation of cardiac fibroblasts (aCFs) and at the same time induces the formation of epicardium-derived cells at the heart surface. To discriminate between the two cell populations, we elaborated a fast and efficient protocol for the simultaneous isolation and characterization of aCFs and epicardial stromal cells (EpiSCs) from the infarcted mouse heart. METHODS AND RESULTS For the isolation of aCFs and EpiSCs, infarcted hearts (50 min ischaemia/reperfusion) were digested by perfusion with a collagenase-containing medium for only 8 min, while EpiSCs were enzymatically removed from the outside by applying mild shear forces via a motor driven device. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) isolated from unstressed hearts served as control. Viability of isolated cells was >90%. Purity of EpiSCs was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining and qPCR of various mesenchymal markers including Wilms-tumor-protein-1. Microarray analysis of CFs, aCFs, and EpiSCs on day 5 post-MI revealed a unique gene expression pattern in the EpiSC fraction, which was enriched for epithelial markers and epithelial to mesenchymal transition-related genes. Compared to aCFs, 336 significantly altered gene entities were identified in the EpiSC fraction. qPCR analysis showed high expression of Serpinb2, Cxcl13, Adora2b, and Il10 in EpiSCs relative to CFs and aCFs. Furthermore, microarray data identified Ddah1 and Cemip to be highly up-regulated in aCFs compared to CFs. Immunostaining of the infarcted heart revealed a unique distribution of Dermokine, Aquaporin-1, Cytokeratin, Lipocalin2, and Periostin within the epicardial cell layer. CONCLUSIONS We describe the simultaneous isolation of viable, purified fractions of aCFs and EpiSCs from the infarcted mouse heart. In this study, several differentially expressed markers for aCFs and EpiSCs were identified, underlining the importance of cell separation to study heterogeneity of stromal cells in the healing process after MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Owenier
- Institut für Molekulare Kardiologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Hesse
- Institut für Molekulare Kardiologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christina Alter
- Institut für Molekulare Kardiologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Zhaoping Ding
- Institut für Molekulare Kardiologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Aseel Marzoq
- Institut für Molekulare Kardiologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biologisch-Medizinisches-Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Genomics & Transcriptomics Labor, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biologisch-Medizinisches-Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Genomics & Transcriptomics Labor, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schrader
- Institut für Molekulare Kardiologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Skowron MA, Vermeulen M, Winkelhausen A, Becker TK, Bremmer F, Petzsch P, Schönberger S, Calaminus G, Köhrer K, Albers P, Nettersheim D. CDK4/6 inhibition presents as a therapeutic option for paediatric and adult germ cell tumours and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via canonical and non-canonical mechanisms. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:378-391. [PMID: 32418994 PMCID: PMC7403155 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0891-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germ cell tumours (GCTs) are the most common solid malignancies in young men. Although high cure rates can be achieved, metastases, resistance to cisplatin-based therapy and late toxicities still represent a lethal threat, arguing for the need of new therapeutic options. In this study, we analysed the potential of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors palbociclib and ribociclib (PaRi) as molecular drugs to treat cisplatin-resistant and -sensitive paediatric and adult GCTs. METHODS Ten GCT cell lines, including cisplatin-resistant subclones and non-malignant controls, were treated with PaRi and screened for changes in viability (triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (XTT) assay), apoptosis rates (flow cytometry, caspase assay), the cell cycle (flow cytometry), the transcriptome (RNA-sequencing, quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and on protein level (western blot). Expression profiling was performed on paediatric and adult GCT tissues (expression microarrays, qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, 'The Cancer Genome Atlas' database). RESULTS We demonstrate that adult GCTs highly express CDK4, while paediatric GCTs strongly express CDK6 instead. Thus, both GCT types are potentially treatable by PaRi. GCTs presented as highly sensitive towards PaRi, which caused a decrease in viability, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Although GCTs mainly arrested in the G1/G0 phase, some embryonal carcinoma cell lines were able to bypass the G1/S checkpoint and progressed to the G2/M phase. We found that upregulation of CDK3 and downregulation of many mitosis regulation factors, like the HAUS genes, might be responsible for bypassing the G1/S checkpoint and termination of mitosis, respectively. We postulate that GCT cells do not tolerate these alterations in the cell cycle and eventually induce apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our study highlights PaRi as therapeutic options for cisplatin-resistant and -sensitive paediatric and adult GCTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaretha A Skowron
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Lab, Translational UroOncology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marieke Vermeulen
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Lab, Translational UroOncology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Winkelhausen
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Lab, Translational UroOncology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Teresa K Becker
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Lab, Translational UroOncology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Felix Bremmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Genomics and Transcriptomics Lab, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Schönberger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabriele Calaminus
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Genomics and Transcriptomics Lab, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Albers
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Nettersheim
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Lab, Translational UroOncology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Brenig K, Grube L, Schwarzländer M, Köhrer K, Stühler K, Poschmann G. The Proteomic Landscape of Cysteine Oxidation That Underpins Retinoic Acid-Induced Neuronal Differentiation. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:1923-1940. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Brenig
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Leonie Grube
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Institute for Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Plant Energy Biology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143 Münster, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Genomics & Transcriptomics Laboratory, Biomedical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biomedical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gereon Poschmann
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lang J, Bohn P, Bhat H, Jastrow H, Walkenfort B, Cansiz F, Fink J, Bauer M, Olszewski D, Ramos-Nascimento A, Duhan V, Friedrich SK, Becker KA, Krawczyk A, Edwards MJ, Burchert A, Huber M, Friebus-Kardash J, Göthert JR, Hardt C, Probst HC, Schumacher F, Köhrer K, Kleuser B, Babiychuk EB, Sodeik B, Seibel J, Greber UF, Lang PA, Gulbins E, Lang KS. Acid ceramidase of macrophages traps herpes simplex virus in multivesicular bodies and protects from severe disease. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1338. [PMID: 32165633 PMCID: PMC7067866 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15072-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages have important protective functions during infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). However, molecular mechanisms that restrict viral propagation and protect from severe disease are unclear. Here we show that macrophages take up HSV-1 via endocytosis and transport the virions into multivesicular bodies (MVBs). In MVBs, acid ceramidase (aCDase) converts ceramide into sphingosine and increases the formation of sphingosine-rich intraluminal vesicles (ILVs). Once HSV-1 particles reach MVBs, sphingosine-rich ILVs bind to HSV-1 particles, which restricts fusion with the limiting endosomal membrane and prevents cellular infection. Lack of aCDase in macrophage cultures or in Asah1-/- mice results in replication of HSV-1 and Asah1-/- mice die soon after systemic or intravaginal inoculation. The treatment of macrophages with sphingosine enhancing compounds blocks HSV-1 propagation, suggesting a therapeutic potential of this pathway. In conclusion, aCDase loads ILVs with sphingosine, which prevents HSV-1 capsids from penetrating into the cytosol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Lang
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Patrick Bohn
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Hilal Bhat
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Holger Jastrow
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany.,Institut for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, Imaging Center Essen, Electron Microscopy Unit, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Bernd Walkenfort
- Institut for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, Imaging Center Essen, Electron Microscopy Unit, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Feyza Cansiz
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Julian Fink
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, D-97074, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Olszewski
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana Ramos-Nascimento
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
| | - Vikas Duhan
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Sarah-Kim Friedrich
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Katrin Anne Becker
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Adalbert Krawczyk
- Institute for Virology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany.,Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Michael J Edwards
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Andreas Burchert
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Baldingerstr., Marburg, D-35043, Germany
| | - Magdalena Huber
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein Str. 2, Marburg, D-35043, Germany
| | - Justa Friebus-Kardash
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Joachim R Göthert
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Cornelia Hardt
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Hans Christian Probst
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz, D-55131, Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany.,Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert Allee 114-116, Nuthetal, D-14558, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstr. 1, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert Allee 114-116, Nuthetal, D-14558, Germany
| | - Eduard B Babiychuk
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstr. 4, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Beate Sodeik
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
| | - Jürgen Seibel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, D-97074, Germany
| | - Urs F Greber
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp A Lang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany.,Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Karl S Lang
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Klindt C, Reich M, Hellwig B, Stindt J, Rahnenführer J, Hengstler JG, Köhrer K, Schoonjans K, Häussinger D, Keitel V. The G Protein-Coupled Bile Acid Receptor TGR5 (Gpbar1) Modulates Endothelin-1 Signaling in Liver. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111467. [PMID: 31752395 PMCID: PMC6912679 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
TGR5 (Gpbar1) is a G protein-coupled receptor responsive to bile acids (BAs), which is expressed in different non-parenchymal cells of the liver, including biliary epithelial cells, liver-resident macrophages, sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), and activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Mice with targeted deletion of TGR5 are more susceptible towards cholestatic liver injury induced by cholic acid-feeding and bile duct ligation, resulting in a reduced proliferative response and increased liver injury. Conjugated lithocholic acid (LCA) represents the most potent TGR5 BA ligand and LCA-feeding has been used as a model to rapidly induce severe cholestatic liver injury in mice. Thus, TGR5 knockout (KO) mice and wildtype (WT) littermates were fed a diet supplemented with 1% LCA for 84 h. Liver injury and gene expression changes induced by the LCA diet revealed an enrichment of pathways associated with inflammation, proliferation, and matrix remodeling. Knockout of TGR5 in mice caused upregulation of endothelin-1 (ET-1) expression in the livers. Analysis of TGR5-dependent ET-1 signaling in isolated LSECs and HSCs demonstrated that TGR5 activation reduces ET-1 expression and secretion from LSECs and triggers internalization of the ET-1 receptor in HSCs, dampening ET-1 responsiveness. Thus, we identified two independent mechanisms by which TGR5 inhibits ET-1 signaling and modulates portal pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Klindt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (C.K.); (M.R.); (J.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Maria Reich
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (C.K.); (M.R.); (J.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Birte Hellwig
- Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany; (B.H.); (J.R.)
| | - Jan Stindt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (C.K.); (M.R.); (J.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Jörg Rahnenführer
- Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany; (B.H.); (J.R.)
| | - Jan G. Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, TU Dortmund, 44139 Dortmund, Germany;
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory, Biologisch-Medizinisches-Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (C.K.); (M.R.); (J.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Verena Keitel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (C.K.); (M.R.); (J.S.); (D.H.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Skowron MA, Petzsch P, Hardt K, Wagner N, Beier M, Stepanow S, Drechsler M, Rieder H, Köhrer K, Niegisch G, Hoffmann MJ, Schulz WA. Distinctive mutational spectrum and karyotype disruption in long-term cisplatin-treated urothelial carcinoma cell lines. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14476. [PMID: 31597922 PMCID: PMC6785536 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50891-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA-damaging compound cisplatin is broadly employed for cancer chemotherapy. The mutagenic effects of cisplatin on cancer cell genomes are poorly studied and might even contribute to drug resistance. We have therefore analyzed mutations and chromosomal alterations in four cisplatin-resistant bladder cancer cell lines (LTTs) by whole-exome-sequencing and array-CGH. 720–7479 genes in the LTTs contained point mutations, with a characteristic mutational signature. Only 53 genes were mutated in all LTTs, including the presumed cisplatin exporter ATP7B. Chromosomal alterations were characterized by segmented deletions and gains leading to severely altered karyotypes. The few chromosomal changes shared among LTTs included gains involving the anti-apoptotic BCL2L1 gene and losses involving the NRF2 regulator KEAP1. Overall, the extent of genomic changes paralleled cisplatin treatment concentrations. In conclusion, bladder cancer cell lines selected for cisplatin-resistance contain abundant and characteristic drug-induced genomic changes. Cisplatin treatment may therefore generate novel tumor genomes during patient treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaretha A Skowron
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karin Hardt
- Institute for Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicholas Wagner
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Manfred Beier
- Institute for Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Stepanow
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Drechsler
- Institute for Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Harald Rieder
- Institute for Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Günter Niegisch
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michèle J Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A Schulz
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|