1
|
Raja DC, Samarawickrema I, Menon SK, Singh R, Mehta A, Tuan LQ, Pandurangi U, Jain S, Callans DJ, Marchlinski FE, Abhayaratna WP, Sanders P, Pathak RK. Characteristics of the phenotype of mixed cardiomyopathy in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2024; 67:129-137. [PMID: 37273034 PMCID: PMC10770238 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-023-01577-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND OR PURPOSE The prognosis of m ixed cardiomyopathy (CMP) in patients with implanted cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) has not been investigated. We aim to study the demographic, clinical, device therapies and survival characteristics of mixed CMP in a cohort of patients implanted with a defibrillator. METHODS The term mixed CMP was used to categorise patients with impaired left ventricular ejection fraction attributed to documented non-ischemic triggers with concomitant moderate coronary artery disease. This is a single center observational cohort of 526 patients with a mean follow-up of 8.7 ± 3.5 years. RESULTS There were 42.5% patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), 26.9% with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) and 30.6% with mixed CMP. Mixed CMP, compared to NICM, was associated with higher mean age (69.1 ± 9.6 years), atrial fibrillation (55.3%) and greater incidence of comorbidities. The proportion of patients with mixed CMP receiving device shocks was 23.6%, compared to 18.4% in NICM and 27% in ICM. The VT cycle length recorded in mixed CMP (281.6 ± 43.1 ms) was comparable with ICM (282.5 ± 44 ms; p = 0.9) and lesser than NICM (297.7 ± 48.7 ms; p = 0.1). All-cause mortality in mixed CMP (21.1%) was similar to ICM (20.1%; p = 0.8) and higher than NICM (15.6%; p = 0.2). The Kaplan-Meier curves revealed hazards of 1.57 (95% CI: 0.91, 2.68) for mixed CMP compared to NICM. CONCLUSION In a cohort of patients with ICD, the group with mixed CMP represents a phenotype predominantly comprised of the elderly with a higher incidence of comorbidities. Mixed CMP resembles ICM in terms of number of device shocks and VT cycle length. Trends of long-term prognosis of patients with mixed CMP are worse than NICM and similar to ICM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deep Chandh Raja
- ANU School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, 54 Mills Road, Australian Capital Territory, Acton, 2601, Australia
- Canberra Heart Rhythm, Suite 14, 2 Garran Place, Australian Capital Territory, Garran, 2605, Australia
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Cardiology, Canberra Health Services, Yamba Drive, Australian Capital Territory, Garran, Australia
| | - Indira Samarawickrema
- Canberra Heart Rhythm, Suite 14, 2 Garran Place, Australian Capital Territory, Garran, 2605, Australia
- University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Sarat Krishna Menon
- Canberra Heart Rhythm, Suite 14, 2 Garran Place, Australian Capital Territory, Garran, 2605, Australia
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Rikvin Singh
- ANU School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, 54 Mills Road, Australian Capital Territory, Acton, 2601, Australia
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Cardiology, Canberra Health Services, Yamba Drive, Australian Capital Territory, Garran, Australia
| | - Abhinav Mehta
- ANU School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, 54 Mills Road, Australian Capital Territory, Acton, 2601, Australia
- Canberra Heart Rhythm, Suite 14, 2 Garran Place, Australian Capital Territory, Garran, 2605, Australia
| | - Lukah Q Tuan
- Canberra Heart Rhythm, Suite 14, 2 Garran Place, Australian Capital Territory, Garran, 2605, Australia
| | | | - Sanjiv Jain
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Cardiology, Canberra Health Services, Yamba Drive, Australian Capital Territory, Garran, Australia
| | - David J Callans
- Electrophysiology Section, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Francis E Marchlinski
- Electrophysiology Section, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Walter P Abhayaratna
- ANU School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, 54 Mills Road, Australian Capital Territory, Acton, 2601, Australia
- Canberra Heart Rhythm, Suite 14, 2 Garran Place, Australian Capital Territory, Garran, 2605, Australia
| | - Prashanthan Sanders
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rajeev K Pathak
- ANU School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, 54 Mills Road, Australian Capital Territory, Acton, 2601, Australia.
- Canberra Heart Rhythm, Suite 14, 2 Garran Place, Australian Capital Territory, Garran, 2605, Australia.
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Cardiology, Canberra Health Services, Yamba Drive, Australian Capital Territory, Garran, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Silverdal J, Sjöland H, Pivodic A, Dahlström U, Fu M, Bollano E. Prognostic differences in long-standing vs. recent-onset dilated cardiomyopathy. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 9:1294-1303. [PMID: 35132793 PMCID: PMC8934954 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This study aimed to evaluate the outcome and prognostic factors in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and long‐standing heart failure (LDCM) vs. recent‐onset heart failure (RODCM). Methods and results We compared 2019 patients with RODCM (duration <6 months, mean age 58.6 years, 70.7% male) with 1714 patients with LDCM (duration ≥6 months, median duration 3.5 years, mean age 62.5 years, 73.7% male) included in the Swedish Heart Failure Registry in the years 2003–16. Outcome measures were all‐cause, cardiovascular (CV), and non‐CV death and hospitalizations; heart transplantation; and a combined outcome of all‐cause death, heart transplantation, or heart failure (HF) hospitalization. Multivariable risk factor analyses were performed for the combined endpoint. All outcomes were more frequent in LDCM than in RODCM. The multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence interval) for LDCM vs. RODCM were 1.56 (1.34–1.82), P < 0.0001, for all‐cause death over a median follow‐up of 4.2 and 5.0 years, respectively; 1.67 (1.36–2.05), P < 0.0001, for CV death; 2.12 (1.14–3.91), P < 0.0001, for heart transplantation; 1.36 (1.21–1.53), P < 0.0001, for HF hospitalization; and 1.37 (1.24–1.52), P < 0.0001, for the combined outcome. A propensity score‐matched analysis yielded similar results. CV death was the main cause of mortality in LDCM and was higher in LDCM than in RODCM (P < 0.0001). Almost all co‐morbidities were significantly more frequent in LDCM than in RODCM, and the mean number of co‐morbidities increased significantly with increased duration of disease, also after age adjustment. Age, New York Heart Association functional class, ejection fraction, and left bundle branch block were prognostically adverse. The only co‐morbidity associated with the combined outcome regardless of HF duration was diabetes, in LDCM [HR 1.34 (1.15–1.56), P = 0.0002] and in RODCM [HR 1.29 (1.04–1.59), P = 0.018]. Male sex [HR 1.38 (1.18–1.63), P < 0.0001] and aspirin use [HR 1.33 (1.14–1.55), P = 0.0004] carried increased risk only in RODCM. Heart rate ≥75 b.p.m. [HR 1.20 (1.04–1.37), P = 0.01], atrial fibrillation [HR 1.24 (1.08–1.42), P = 0.0024], musculoskeletal or connective tissue disorder [HR 1.36 (1.13–1.63), P = 0.0014], and diuretic therapy [HR 1.40 (1.17–1.67), P = 0.0002] were prognostically adverse only in LDCM. Conclusions This nationwide study of patients with DCM demonstrates that longer disease duration is associated with worse prognosis. Co‐morbidities are more common in long‐standing HF than in recent‐onset HF and are associated with worse outcome. With the increased survival seen in the last decades, our results highlight the importance of careful attention to co‐morbid conditions in patients with DCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Silverdal
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helen Sjöland
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Ulf Dahlström
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Michael Fu
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Entela Bollano
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Seki A, Fishbein MC. Age-related cardiovascular changes and diseases. Cardiovasc Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822224-9.00004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
|
4
|
Canu M, Margerit L, Mekhdoul I, Broisat A, Riou L, Djaileb L, Charlon C, Jankowski A, Magnesa M, Augier C, Marlière S, Salvat M, Casset C, Maurin M, Saunier C, Fagret D, Ghezzi C, Vanzetto G, Barone-Rochette G. Prognosis of Coronary Atherosclerotic Burden in Non-Ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathies. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10102183. [PMID: 34070034 PMCID: PMC8158137 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Atherosclerosis is associated with a worse prognosis in many diseases such as ischemic cardiomyopathy, but its impact in non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (dCMP) is lesser known. Our aim was to study the prognostic impact of coronary atherosclerotic burden (CAB) in patients with dCMP. Methods: Consecutive patients with dCMP and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction diagnosed by concomitant analysis of invasive coronary angiography (ICA) and CMR imaging were identified from registry-database. CAB was measured by Gensini score. The primary composite endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) defined as cardiovascular (CV) mortality, non-fatal MI and unplanned myocardial revascularization. The results of 139 patients constituting the prospective study population (mean age 59.4 ± 14.7 years old, 74% male), average LV ejection fraction was 31.1 ± 11.02%, median Gensini score was 0 (0–3), and mid-wall late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was the most frequent LGE pattern (42%). Over a median follow-up of 2.8 years, 9% of patients presented MACE. Patients with MACE had significantly higher CAB compared to those who were free of events (0 (0–3) vs. 3.75 (2–15), p < 0.0001). CAB remained the significant predictor of MACE on multivariate logistic analysis (OR: 1.12, CI: 1.01–1.23, p = 0.02). Conclusion: High CAB may be a new prognostic factor in dCMP patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Canu
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (L.M.); (I.M.); (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.M.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (G.V.); (G.B.-R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-476-768-480
| | - Léa Margerit
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (L.M.); (I.M.); (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.M.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (G.V.); (G.B.-R.)
| | - Ismail Mekhdoul
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (L.M.); (I.M.); (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.M.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (G.V.); (G.B.-R.)
| | - Alexis Broisat
- INSERM, U1039, Radiopharmaceutiques Biocliniques, Grenoble Alpes University, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (A.B.); (L.R.); (L.D.); (D.F.); (C.G.)
| | - Laurent Riou
- INSERM, U1039, Radiopharmaceutiques Biocliniques, Grenoble Alpes University, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (A.B.); (L.R.); (L.D.); (D.F.); (C.G.)
| | - Loïc Djaileb
- INSERM, U1039, Radiopharmaceutiques Biocliniques, Grenoble Alpes University, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (A.B.); (L.R.); (L.D.); (D.F.); (C.G.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France
| | - Clémence Charlon
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (L.M.); (I.M.); (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.M.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (G.V.); (G.B.-R.)
| | - Adrien Jankowski
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France;
| | - Michele Magnesa
- Department of Medical & Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Caroline Augier
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (L.M.); (I.M.); (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.M.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (G.V.); (G.B.-R.)
| | - Stéphanie Marlière
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (L.M.); (I.M.); (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.M.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (G.V.); (G.B.-R.)
| | - Muriel Salvat
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (L.M.); (I.M.); (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.M.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (G.V.); (G.B.-R.)
| | - Charlotte Casset
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (L.M.); (I.M.); (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.M.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (G.V.); (G.B.-R.)
| | - Marion Maurin
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (L.M.); (I.M.); (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.M.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (G.V.); (G.B.-R.)
| | - Carole Saunier
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (L.M.); (I.M.); (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.M.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (G.V.); (G.B.-R.)
| | - Daniel Fagret
- INSERM, U1039, Radiopharmaceutiques Biocliniques, Grenoble Alpes University, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (A.B.); (L.R.); (L.D.); (D.F.); (C.G.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France
| | - Catherine Ghezzi
- INSERM, U1039, Radiopharmaceutiques Biocliniques, Grenoble Alpes University, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (A.B.); (L.R.); (L.D.); (D.F.); (C.G.)
| | - Gerald Vanzetto
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (L.M.); (I.M.); (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.M.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (G.V.); (G.B.-R.)
- INSERM, U1039, Radiopharmaceutiques Biocliniques, Grenoble Alpes University, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (A.B.); (L.R.); (L.D.); (D.F.); (C.G.)
- French Alliance Clinical Trial, French Clinical Research Infrastructure Network, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Gilles Barone-Rochette
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (L.M.); (I.M.); (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.M.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (G.V.); (G.B.-R.)
- INSERM, U1039, Radiopharmaceutiques Biocliniques, Grenoble Alpes University, 38000 Grenoble Alpes, France; (A.B.); (L.R.); (L.D.); (D.F.); (C.G.)
- French Alliance Clinical Trial, French Clinical Research Infrastructure Network, 31059 Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Differentiating Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy With Incidental Infarction From Ischemic Cardiomyopathy by Geometric Indices Derived From Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. J Thorac Imaging 2020; 36:248-253. [PMID: 32960835 DOI: 10.1097/rti.0000000000000560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to differentiate nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy with incidental myocardial infarction (NICM with incidental MI) from ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) by integrating left ventricular (LV) geometric indices and ischemic late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), obtained from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS All subjects were studied on a 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanner. All patients had an LV ejection fraction (LVEF) <50% with LV dilation. LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), LVEDV index (LVEDVi), LVEF, the number and distribution of ischemic LGE segments, and ratios of volumetric and functional indices to ischemic LGE segments were determined. Logistic regression was used to detect the independent predictor of ICM. Receiver operating characteristic analysis differentiated NICM with incidental MI from ICM. RESULTS Of a total of 63 patients enrolled, 45 patients had ICM, and 18 patients had NICM with incidental MI. Both groups had similar LVEF. Compared with ICM, NICM with incidental MI had more LV dilation, whereas ICM had more ischemic LGE segments. A higher number of ischamic LGE segments remained an independent predictor of ICM (odds ratio: 18.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.64-201.34, P=0.018). The optimal cut-off value for detecting NICM with incidental MI is the ratio of LVEDVi to the number of ischemic LGE segments over 25 mL/m2/segment (sensitivity 100%, specificity 91%, P<0.0001). CONCLUSION Patients with NICM with incidental MI can be reliably distinguished from ICM using the ratio of LVEDVi divided by the number of ischemic LGE segments. This technique may improve diagnosis and help aid management of patients with cardiomyopathy and coexistent coronary artery disease.
Collapse
|
6
|
Seki A, Fishbein M. Age-related Cardiovascular Changes and Diseases. Cardiovasc Pathol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-420219-1.00002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
7
|
Tang WHW, Wang Z, Fan Y, Levison B, Hazen JE, Donahue LM, Wu Y, Hazen SL. Prognostic value of elevated levels of intestinal microbe-generated metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide in patients with heart failure: refining the gut hypothesis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 64:1908-14. [PMID: 25444145 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.02.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 484] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered intestinal function is prevalent in patients with heart failure (HF), but its role in adverse outcomes is unclear. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the potential pathophysiological contributions of intestinal microbiota in HF. METHODS We examined the relationship between fasting plasma trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and all-cause mortality over a 5-year follow-up in 720 patients with stable HF. RESULTS The median TMAO level was 5.0 μM, which was higher than in subjects without HF (3.5 μM; p < 0.001). There was modest but significant correlation between TMAO concentrations and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels (r = 0.23; p < 0.001). Higher plasma TMAO levels were associated with a 3.4-fold increased mortality risk. Following adjustments for traditional risk factors and BNP levels, elevated TMAO levels remained predictive of 5-year mortality risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.42 to 3.43; p < 0.001), as well as following the addition of estimated glomerular filtration rate to the model (HR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.86; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS High TMAO levels were observed in patients with HF, and elevated TMAO levels portended higher long-term mortality risk independent of traditional risk factors and cardiorenal indexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W H Wilson Tang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Zeneng Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Yiying Fan
- Department of Mathematics, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Bruce Levison
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jennie E Hazen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Lillian M Donahue
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Yuping Wu
- Department of Mathematics, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Stanley L Hazen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|