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Chen J, Xiao WC, Zhao JJ, Heitkamp M, Chen DF, Shan R, Yang ZR, Liu Z. FTO genotype and body mass index reduction in childhood obesity interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13715. [PMID: 38320834 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Numerous guidelines have called for personalized interventions to address childhood obesity. The role of fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) in the risk of childhood obesity has been summarized. However, it remains unclear whether FTO could influence individual responses to obesity interventions, especially in children. To address this, we systematically reviewed 12,255 records across 10 databases/registers and included 13 lifestyle-based obesity interventions (3980 children with overweight/obesity) reporting changes in body mass index (BMI) Z-score, BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat percentage after interventions. These obesity-related outcomes were first compared between children carrying different FTO genotypes (rs9939609 or its proxy) and then synthesized by random-effect meta-analysis models. The results from single-group interventions showed no evidence of associations between FTO risk allele and changes in obesity-related outcomes after interventions (e.g., BMI Z-score: -0.01; 95% CI: -0.04, 0.01). The results from controlled trials showed that associations between the FTO risk allele and changes in obesity-related outcomes did not differ by intervention/control group. To conclude, the FTO risk allele might play a minor role in the response to obesity interventions among children. Future studies might pay more attention to the accumulation effect of multiple genes in the intervention process among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wu-Cai Xiao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Jun Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Melanie Heitkamp
- Department of Prevention and Sports Medicine, University Hospital "Klinikum rechts der Isar," Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Da-Fang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Shan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Rui Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Center, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Chen J, Xiao WC, Zhao JJ, Shan R, Heitkamp M, Zhang XR, Liu Z. Gene variants and the response to childhood obesity interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:163-175. [PMID: 38052139 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple lifestyle-based childhood obesity interventions have been conducted to address childhood obesity, but individual's response to the universal intervention approach varied greatly. Whether gene variants related to children and adolescents' varied responses to obesity interventions remained unclear. AIMS To determine the associations of gene variants with the changes in obesity- and metabolism-related indicators after obesity interventions in children and adolescents. METHODS Ten databases and registers (including grey literature) were searched. The lifestyle-based obesity interventions in children and adolescents (≤18 years) that reported the changes in obesity- (body mass index (BMI), BMI Z-score, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), etc) and metabolism-related (glucose, cholesterol, etc) indicators by genotype after interventions were included. Our primary outcome was the mean difference of the changes in BMI Z-score by genotype after interventions, and secondary outcomes were changes in the remaining obesity- and metabolism-related indicators after interventions. We used the random-effects model to synthesize the results. RESULTS This review included 50 studies (15,354 children and adolescents with overweight/obesity) covering 102 genes and 174 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Approximately three-quarters of SNPs showed no evidence of association with the changes in obesity- or metabolic-related indicators after interventions. One quarter of SNPs were minorly associated with the changes in the BMI Z-score (median effect size: 0.001) with little clinical significance. Only 6 (12 %) studies focused on the accumulated effect of multiple gene variants. CONCLUSIONS Gene variants that have been explored appear to play a minor role in lifestyle-based obesity interventions in children and adolescents. More high-quality studies based on the design of randomized controlled trials are needed to examine the accumulated effect of multiple gene variants in childhood obesity interventions. PROSPERO REGISTRY NUMBER This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022312177.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wu-Cai Xiao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Jun Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Shan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Melanie Heitkamp
- Department of Prevention and Sports Medicine, University Hospital "Klinikum rechts der Isar," Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 56, 80992 Munich, Germany
| | - Xiao-Rui Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Vourdoumpa A, Paltoglou G, Charmandari E. The Genetic Basis of Childhood Obesity: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:1416. [PMID: 36986146 PMCID: PMC10058966 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence represents one of the most challenging public health problems of our century owing to its epidemic proportions and the associated significant morbidity, mortality, and increase in public health costs. The pathogenesis of polygenic obesity is multifactorial and is due to the interaction among genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. More than 1100 independent genetic loci associated with obesity traits have been currently identified, and there is great interest in the decoding of their biological functions and the gene-environment interaction. The present study aimed to systematically review the scientific evidence and to explore the relation of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number variants (CNVs) with changes in body mass index (BMI) and other measures of body composition in children and adolescents with obesity, as well as their response to lifestyle interventions. Twenty-seven studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, which consisted of 7928 overweight/obese children and adolescents at different stages of pubertal development who underwent multidisciplinary management. The effect of polymorphisms in 92 different genes was assessed and revealed SNPs in 24 genetic loci significantly associated with BMI and/or body composition change, which contribute to the complex metabolic imbalance of obesity, including the regulation of appetite and energy balance, the homeostasis of glucose, lipid, and adipose tissue, as well as their interactions. The decoding of the genetic and molecular/cellular pathophysiology of obesity and the gene-environment interactions, alongside with the individual genotype, will enable us to design targeted and personalized preventive and management interventions for obesity early in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Vourdoumpa
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - George Paltoglou
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Charmandari
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Wuni R, Ventura EF, Curi-Quinto K, Murray C, Nunes R, Lovegrove JA, Penny M, Favara M, Sanchez A, Vimaleswaran KS. Interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors on cardiometabolic disease-related outcomes in Latin American and Caribbean populations: A systematic review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1067033. [PMID: 36776603 PMCID: PMC9909204 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1067033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases has increased in Latin American and the Caribbean populations (LACP). To identify gene-lifestyle interactions that modify the risk of cardiometabolic diseases in LACP, a systematic search using 11 search engines was conducted up to May 2022. Methods Eligible studies were observational and interventional studies in either English, Spanish, or Portuguese. A total of 26,171 publications were screened for title and abstract; of these, 101 potential studies were evaluated for eligibility, and 74 articles were included in this study following full-text screening and risk of bias assessment. The Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) and the Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) assessment tool were used to assess the methodological quality and risk of bias of the included studies. Results We identified 122 significant interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors on cardiometabolic traits and the vast majority of studies come from Brazil (29), Mexico (15) and Costa Rica (12) with FTO, APOE, and TCF7L2 being the most studied genes. The results of the gene-lifestyle interactions suggest effects which are population-, gender-, and ethnic-specific. Most of the gene-lifestyle interactions were conducted once, necessitating replication to reinforce these results. Discussion The findings of this review indicate that 27 out of 33 LACP have not conducted gene-lifestyle interaction studies and only five studies have been undertaken in low-socioeconomic settings. Most of the studies were cross-sectional, indicating a need for longitudinal/prospective studies. Future gene-lifestyle interaction studies will need to replicate primary research of already studied genetic variants to enable comparison, and to explore the interactions between genetic and other lifestyle factors such as those conditioned by socioeconomic factors and the built environment. The protocol has been registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42022308488. Systematic review registration https://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier CRD420223 08488.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramatu Wuni
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Eduard F Ventura
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | | | - Claudia Murray
- Department of Real Estate and Planning, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Nunes
- Department of Real Estate and Planning, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Julie A Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Penny
- Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, Lima, Peru
| | - Marta Favara
- Oxford Department of International Development, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Sanchez
- Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE), Lima, Peru
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.,Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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Meng Y, Lohse B, Cunningham-Sabo L. Sex modifies the association between the CLOCK variant rs1801260 and BMI in school-age children. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236991. [PMID: 32785234 PMCID: PMC7423126 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of circadian rhythms and variations in the FTO gene may interfere with energy homeostasis and play a role in the development of obesity. The current study assessed the association of common polymorphisms in the CLOCK and FTO genes with standardized body mass index scores (BMI z-scores) and their potential modification of the impact of a culinary nutrition and physical activity intervention in school-age children. Anthropometric measurements were collected in 121 children at the baseline and one-year follow-up of a controlled trial of a school-based culinary nutrition and physical activity intervention. Genotypes of the CLOCK polymorphism (rs1801260) and the FTO polymorphism (rs9939609) were obtained from buccal swabs. Linear mixed-effects regression was applied to evaluate the genetic association and adjust for clusters within families and schools. In our participants, obesity affected 6.6% (8/121) of the children at the baseline and 6.4% (7/109) of the children at the follow-up. The associations between the age- and sex-adjusted BMI z-scores and the two polymorphisms did not reach statistically significance. Yet, sex potentially modified the association between rs1801260 and BMI z-scores. In girls, the G allele carriers had a higher BMI z-scores at the baseline and the follow-up. These polymorphisms did not modify the effect of our culinary nutrition and physical activity intervention on BMI z-scores. Sex is a potential modifier for the association between the CLOCK polymorphism, rs1801260, and BMI z-scores in school-age children. Further investigation is warranted to delineate the sex-dependent role of the CLOCK polymorphisms in the development of childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Meng
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Barbara Lohse
- Wegmans School of Health and Nutrition, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Leslie Cunningham-Sabo
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
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Teixeira MD, Tureck LV, do Nascimento GA, de Souza RLR, Furtado-Alle L. Is it possible ABC transporters genetic variants influence the outcomes of a weight-loss diet in obese women? Genet Mol Biol 2020; 43:e20190326. [PMID: 32745159 PMCID: PMC7416754 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2019-0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporters are involved in cholesterol metabolism and their dysfunctions could lead to obesity-associated complications. It was investigated whether SNPs in the ABCA1 (rs1800977 and rs2230806), ABCA7 (rs2279796) and ABCG1 (rs692383 and rs3827225) genes can modulate the responsiveness of 137 obese women to a weight-loss dietary intervention. Thus, anthropometric and lipid profiles were collected at baseline and after nine weeks of a calorie-restricted diet of 600kcal per day and participants were genotyped for the ABC genes SNPs. Regarding the transversal analysis, the ABCA7 rs2279796 GG genotype was associated with higher levels of total cholesterol and LDL-c at baseline (p = 0.044 for both). Association between ABCG1 rs692383 AA genotype and lower BMI were found in the post-diet moment, however, statistical significance was lost after multi-test correction. Regarding the longitudinal analysis, after multi-test correction, the association remained between ABCG1 rs692383 G allele and HDL-c levels: G allele carriers had a lower HDL-c reduction (p = 0.043). Results suggest the standard weight-loss diet applied in this study could attenuate the ABCA7 rs2279796 GG genotype effects found at baseline and non-dyslipidemic obese women with ABCG1 rs692383 G allele are benefitting from the diet with a lower reduction in HDL-c levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayza Dalcin Teixeira
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Genética,
Laboratório de Polimorfismos e Ligação, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Luciane Viater Tureck
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Genética,
Laboratório de Polimorfismos e Ligação, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lupe Furtado-Alle
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Genética,
Laboratório de Polimorfismos e Ligação, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Barbian CD, Reuter CP, Renner JDP, da Silva PT, Klinger EI, Hobkirk JP, de Moura Valim AR, Burgos MS. Anthropometric and Metabolic Responses in FTO rs9939609 Gene Polymorphism after a Multidisciplinary Lifestyle Intervention in Overweight and Obese Adolescents. J Pediatr Genet 2020; 9:19-26. [PMID: 31976139 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3399511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Few studies show the potential changing effect of fat-mass and obesity-associated ( FTO ) rs9939609 gene on cardiometabolic risk after a lifestyle intervention. This study aims to evaluate whether overweight and obese adolescents, carriers of the risk genotypes for obesity of the FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism, have different anthropometric and biochemical responses to an interdisciplinary intervention program. The quasi-experimental study involved 34 adolescents aged 10 to 15 years. Schoolchildren with AA/AT genotype decreased glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. However, there were no differences between the genotypes, suggesting that the "A" allele did not modify the subject's response to the intervention program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Daniela Barbian
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cézane Priscila Reuter
- Department of Physical Education and Health, Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jane Dagmar Pollo Renner
- Department of Biology and Pharmacy, Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Priscila Tatiana da Silva
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Elisa Inês Klinger
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - James Philip Hobkirk
- Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Andréia Rosane de Moura Valim
- Department of Biology and Pharmacy, Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Miria Suzana Burgos
- Department of Physical Education and Health, Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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do Nascimento GA, Leite N, Furtado-Alle L, Teixeira MD, de Souza RLR, Milano GE, da Silva LR, Pizzi J, Lopes WA, Lopes MDFA, Titski ACK, Tureck LV. FTO rs9939609 Does Not Interact with Physical Exercise but Influences Basal Insulin Metabolism in Brazilian Overweight and Obese Adolescents. J Obes 2018; 2018:3134026. [PMID: 29854435 PMCID: PMC5944237 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3134026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The rs9939609 SNP (T > A) in FTO gene is associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. The present study aimed at verifying whether this SNP influenced biochemical outcomes of children and adolescents who are overweight/obese submitted to a program of physical exercise and also if there was influence on basal levels of these biochemical variables. METHODS The sample was composed by 432 children and adolescents grouped in three ways (obese, overweight, and normal weight); of these, 135 children and adoloescents who are obese and overweight were submitted to a physical exercise program for 12 weeks. All were genotyped by TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. RESULTS The children and adolescents who are overweight/obese and carriers of AA genotype had higher levels of insulin (p=0.03) and HOMA (p=0.007) and lower levels of glucose (p=0.003), but the SNP did not modulate the response to physical exercise. CONCLUSIONS In our study, the rs9939609 AA genotype was associated with parameters related to insulin metabolism but did not interact with physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Araujo do Nascimento
- Department of Genetics, Centro Politécnico, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos, 210 Jardim das Américas, 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Neiva Leite
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Coração de Maria, 92 Jardim Botânico, 80215-370 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lupe Furtado-Alle
- Department of Genetics, Centro Politécnico, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos, 210 Jardim das Américas, 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Mayza Dalcin Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Centro Politécnico, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos, 210 Jardim das Américas, 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Lehtonen Rodrigues de Souza
- Department of Genetics, Centro Politécnico, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos, 210 Jardim das Américas, 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Gerusa Eisfeld Milano
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Coração de Maria, 92 Jardim Botânico, 80215-370 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Larissa Rosa da Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Coração de Maria, 92 Jardim Botânico, 80215-370 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Juliana Pizzi
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Coração de Maria, 92 Jardim Botânico, 80215-370 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Wendell Arthur Lopes
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringa, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900 Maringa, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima Aguiar Lopes
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Coração de Maria, 92 Jardim Botânico, 80215-370 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Kapp Titski
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Coração de Maria, 92 Jardim Botânico, 80215-370 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Luciane Viater Tureck
- Department of Genetics, Centro Politécnico, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos, 210 Jardim das Américas, 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Academic Department of Education, Federal University of Technology–Paraná, Av. Monteiro Lobato Km 04, 84016-210 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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