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Yaghjyan L, McLaughlin E, Lehman A, Neuhouser ML, Rohan T, Lane DS, Snetselaar L, Paskett E. Associations of coffee/caffeine consumption with postmenopausal breast cancer risk and their interactions with postmenopausal hormone use. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3449-3459. [PMID: 35583696 PMCID: PMC10227860 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02899-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the association of coffee and caffeine with breast cancer (BCa) risk, overall and by ER/PR status. We also examined potential interactions of coffee and caffeine with postmenopausal hormone use. METHODS Our study included 77,688 postmenopausal participants from the Women's Health Initiative observational study cohort without a history of any cancer at baseline (except non-melanoma skin) and with valid Food Frequency Questionnaire data and complete data on dietary caffeine. Regular coffee (none, 1, 2-3, 4-5, and ≥ 6 cups/day) and caffeine (tertiles) were assessed at baseline. Information on BCa risk factors was collected at baseline. The associations were examined using survival analysis, accounting for death as a competing risk. RESULTS The median follow-up time for our cohort was 18.3 years. During the follow-up, 5005 women developed invasive breast cancer. In multivariable analysis, coffee was not associated with the overall invasive BCa risk. Higher caffeine intake was mildly associated with increased BCa risk (2nd vs. 1st tertile SHR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.03-1.18, 3rd vs. 1st tertile SHR-1.05, 95% CI 0.98-1.13, overall p = 0.03). We found no interaction of coffee/caffeine with postmenopausal hormone use (p interaction = 0.44 and 0.42, respectively). In the exploratory analysis by ER/PR status, we found a positive association of caffeine with ER+ /PR+ BCa (2nd vs. 1st tertile SHR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.07-1.28, 3rd vs. 1st tertile SHR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.03-1.24, overall p = 0.002); no associations were observed for ER-/PR- tumors. Coffee was not associated with the risk of ER+ /PR+ or ER-/PR- tumors. CONCLUSION We found no associations of coffee with BCa risk, overall and for ER/PR-defined tumor subtypes. The higher caffeine consumption was mildly and positively associated with the overall BCa risk and with ER+ /PR+ tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusine Yaghjyan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Rd., Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Eric McLaughlin
- Center for Biostatistics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amy Lehman
- Center for Biostatistics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas Rohan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Dorothy S Lane
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Linda Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Electra Paskett
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Yu T, Ye DM. The epidemiologic factors associated with breast density: A review. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 27:53. [PMID: 36092490 PMCID: PMC9450246 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_962_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, some studies have evaluated the epidemiologic factors associated with breast density. However, the variant and inconsistent results exist. In addition, breast density has been proved to be a significant risk factor associated with breast cancer. Our review summarized the published studies and emphasized the crucial factors including epidemiological factors associated with breast density. In addition, we also discussed the potential reasons for the discrepant results with risk factors. To decrease the incidence and mortality rates for breast cancer, in clinical practice, breast density should be included for clinical risk models in addition to epidemiological factors, and physicians should get more concentrate on those women with risk factors and provide risk-based breast cancer screening regimens.
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Yaghjyan L, Smotherman C, Heine J, Colditz GA, Rosner B, Tamimi RM. Associations of Oral Contraceptives with Mammographic Breast Density in Premenopausal Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 31:436-442. [PMID: 34862209 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the associations of oral contraceptives (OC) with percent breast density (PD), absolute dense area (DA), nondense area (NDA), and a novel image intensity variation (V) measure in premenopausal women. METHODS This study included 1,233 controls from a nested case-control study within Nurses' Health Study II cohort. Information on OCs was collected in 1989 and updated biennially. OC use was defined from the questionnaire closest to the mammogram date. PD, DA, and NDA were measured from digitized film mammograms using a computer-assisted thresholding technique; the V measure was obtained with a previously developed algorithm measuring the SD of pixel values in the eroded breast region. Generalized linear regression was used to assess associations between OCs and density measures (square root-transformed PD, DA, and NDA, and -untransformed V). RESULTS OC use was not associated with PD [current vs. never: β = -0.06; 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.37-0.24; past vs. never: β = 0.10; 95% CI, -0.09-0.29], DA (current vs. never: β = -0.20; 95% CI -0.59-0.18; past vs. never: β = 0.13; 95% CI, -0.12-0.39), and NDA (current vs. never: β = -0.19; 95% CI, -0.56-0.18; past vs. never: β = -0.01; 95% CI, -0.28-0.25). Women with younger age at initiation had significantly greater V-measure (<20 years vs. never: β = 26.88; 95% CI, 3.18-50.58; 20-24 years vs. never: β = 20.23; 95% CI, -4.24-44.71; 25-29 years vs. never: β = 2.61; 95% CI -29.00-34.23; ≥30 years vs. never: β = 0.28; 95% CI, -34.16-34.72, P trend = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that an earlier age at first OC use was associated with significantly greater V. IMPACT These findings could guide decisions about the age for OC initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusine Yaghjyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida.
| | - Carmen Smotherman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - John Heine
- Cancer Epidemiology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Graham A Colditz
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rulla M Tamimi
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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Wang S, Li X, Yang Y, Xie J, Liu M, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao Q. Does coffee, tea and caffeine consumption reduce the risk of incident breast cancer? A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:6377-6389. [PMID: 34311801 PMCID: PMC11133229 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021000720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the association between coffee and/or tea consumption and breast cancer (BC) risk among premenopausal and postmenopausal women and to conduct a network meta-analysis. DESIGN Systematic review and network meta-analysis. SETTING We conducted a systematic review of electronic publications in the last 30 years to identify case-control studies or prospective cohort studies that evaluated the effects of coffee and tea intake. RESULTS Forty-five studies that included more than 3 323 288 participants were eligible for analysis. Network meta-analysis was performed to determine the effects of coffee and/or tea consumption on reducing BC risk in a dose-dependent manner and differences in coffee/tea type, menopause status, hormone receptor and the BMI in subgroup and meta-regression analyses. According to the first pairwise meta-analysis, low-dose coffee intake and high-dose tea intake may exhibit efficacy in preventing ER(estrogen receptor)- BC, particularly in postmenopausal women. Then, we performed another pairwise and network meta-analysis and determined that the recommended daily doses were 2-3 cups/d of coffee or ≥5 cups/d of tea, which contained a high concentration of caffeine, particularly in postmenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS Coffee and tea consumption is not associated with a reduction in the overall BC risk in postmenopausal women and is associated with a potentially lower risk of ER- BC. And the highest recommended dose is 2-3 cups of coffee/d or ≥5 cups of tea/d. They are potentially useful dietary protectants for preventing BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang110016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang110016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang110016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingping Xie
- Office of Retirement, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang110016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingshi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang110016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingchun Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang110016, People’s Republic of China
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Kumar G, Du B, Chen J. Effects and mechanisms of dietary bioactive compounds on breast cancer prevention. Pharmacol Res 2021; 178:105974. [PMID: 34818569 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most often diagnosed cancer among females globally and has become an increasing global health issue over the last decades. Despite the substantial improvement in screening methods for initial diagnosis, effective therapy remains lacking. Still, there has been high recurrence and disease progression after treatment of surgery, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Considering this view, there is a crucial requirement to develop safe, freely accessible, and effective anticancer therapy for BC. The dietary bioactive compounds as auspicious anticancer agents have been recognized to be active and their implications in the treatment of BC with negligible side effects. Hence, this review focused on various dietary bioactive compounds as potential therapeutic agents in the prevention and treatment of BC with the mechanisms of action. Bioactive compounds have chemo-preventive properties as they inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, downregulate the expression of estrogen receptors, and cell cycle arrest by inducing apoptotic settings in tumor cells. Therapeutic drugs or natural compounds generally incorporate engineered nanoparticles with ideal sizes, shapes, and enhance their solubility, circulatory half-life, and biodistribution. All data of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies of dietary bioactive compounds and their impact on BC were collected from Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The data of chemopreventive and anticancer activity of dietary bioactive compounds were collected and orchestrated in a suitable place in the review. These shreds of data will be extremely beneficial to recognize a series of additional diet-derived bioactive compounds to treat BC with the lowest side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Kumar
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Coffee, Tea, and Mammographic Breast Density in Premenopausal Women. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113852. [PMID: 34836118 PMCID: PMC8623272 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have investigated the associations of coffee and tea with mammographic breast density (MBD) in premenopausal women with inconsistent results. We analyzed data from 375 premenopausal women who attended a screening mammogram at Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO in 2016, and stratified the analyses by race (non-Hispanic White (NHW) vs. Black/African American). Participants self-reported the number of servings of coffee, caffeinated tea, and decaffeinated tea they consumed. Volpara software was used to determine volumetric percent density (VPD), dense volume (DV), and non-dense volume (NDV). We used generalized linear regression models to quantify the associations of coffee and tea intake with MBD measures. Coffee: ≥1 time/day (β = 1.06; 95% CI = 0.93–1.21; p-trend = 0.61) and caffeinated tea: ≥1 time/day (β = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.88–1.17; p-trend = 0.61) were not associated with VPD. Decaffeinated tea (≥1 time/week) was positively associated with VPD in NHW women (β = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.06–1.39) but not in African American women (β = 0.93; 95% CI = 0.73–1.17; p-interaction = 0.02). Coffee (≥1 time/day) was positively associated with DV in African American women (β = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.11–2.07) but not in NHW women (β = 1.10; 95% CI = 0.95–1.29; p-interaction = 0.02). Our findings do not support associations of coffee and caffeinated tea intake with VPD in premenopausal women. Positive associations of decaffeinated tea with VPD, with suggestions of effect modification by race, require confirmation in larger studies with diverse study populations.
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Garzia NA, Cushing-Haugen K, Kensler TW, Tamimi RM, Harris HR. Adolescent and early adulthood inflammation-associated dietary patterns in relation to premenopausal mammographic density. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:71. [PMID: 34233736 PMCID: PMC8261986 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence and early adulthood has been identified as a critical time window for establishing breast cancer risk. Mammographic density is an independent risk factor for breast cancer that may be influenced by diet, but there has been limited research conducted on the impact of diet on mammographic density. Thus, we sought to examine the association between adolescent and early adulthood inflammatory dietary patterns, which have previously been associated with breast cancer risk, and premenopausal mammographic density among women in the Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII). METHODS This study included control participants with premenopausal mammograms from an existing breast cancer case-control study nested within the NHSII who completed a Food Frequency Questionnaire in 1998 about their diet during high school (HS-FFQ) (n = 685) and/or a Food Frequency Questionnaire in 1991 (Adult-FFQ) when they were 27-44 years old (n = 1068). Digitized analog film mammograms were used to calculate the percent density, absolute dense, and non-dense areas. Generalized linear models were fit to evaluate the associations of a pro-inflammatory dietary pattern and the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI, an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern) with each breast density measure. RESULTS Significant associations were observed between an adolescent pro-inflammatory dietary pattern and mammographic density in some age-adjusted models; however, these associations did not remain after adjustment for BMI and other breast cancer risk factors. No associations were observed with the pro-inflammatory pattern or with the AHEI pattern in adolescence or early adulthood in fully adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the dietary patterns during adolescence and early adulthood in relation to mammographic density phenotypes. Our findings do not support an association between adolescent and early adulthood diet and breast density in mid-adulthood that is independent of BMI or other breast cancer risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichole A Garzia
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. North, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA, 98195-002, USA.
| | - Kara Cushing-Haugen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. North, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Thomas W Kensler
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. North, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Rulla M Tamimi
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115-6028, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY, 10065-4805, USA
| | - Holly R Harris
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. North, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA, 98195-002, USA
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Cell lineage-specific methylome and genome alterations in gout. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:3843-3865. [PMID: 33493135 PMCID: PMC7906142 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we examined data from 69 gout patients and 1,455 non-gout controls using a MethylationEPIC BeadChip assay and Illumina HiSeq platform to identify lineage-specific epigenetic alterations and associated genetic factors that contributed to gouty inflammation. Cell lineage-specific differentially methylated sites were identified using CellDMC after adjusting for sex, age, alcohol drinking, smoking status, and smoking history (total pack-years). Different cell lineages displayed distinct differential methylation. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and NetworkAnalyst indicated that many differential methylated sites were associated with interleukin-1β expression in monocytes. On the UCSC Genome Browser and WashU Epigenome Browser, metabolic trait, cis-methylation quantitative trait loci, genetic, and functional annotation analyses identified nine methylation loci located in interleukin-1β-regulating genes (PRKCZ, CIDEC, VDAC1, CPT1A, BIRC2, BRCA1, STK11, and NLRP12) that were associated specifically with gouty inflammation. All nine sites mapped to active regulatory elements in monocytes. MoLoTool and ReMap analyses indicated that the nine methylation loci overlapped with binding sites of several transcription factors that regulated interleukin-1β production and gouty inflammation. Decreases in PRKCZ and STK11 methylation were also associated with higher numbers of first-degree relatives who also had gout. The gouty-inflammation specific methylome and genome alterations could potentially aid in the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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