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Perri G, Mathers JC, Martin-Ruiz C, Parker C, Demircan K, Chillon TS, Schomburg L, Robinson L, Stevenson EJ, Shannon OM, Muniz-Terrera G, Sniehotta FF, Ritchie CW, Adamson A, Burns A, Minihane AM, Walsh J, Hill TR. The association between selenium status and global and attention-specific cognition in very old adults in the Newcastle 85+ Study: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Am J Clin Nutr 2024:S0002-9165(24)00735-4. [PMID: 39270936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium has potential safeguarding properties against cognitive decline, because of its role in protecting DNA, proteins, and lipids in the brain from oxidative damage. However, acute and chronic overexposure to selenium can be neurotoxic. OBJECTIVE The aim of this analysis was to explore the association between selenium status [serum selenium and selenoprotein P (SELENOP) concentrations and glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) activity] and cognitive function in 85-y olds living in Northeast England at baseline and ≤5 y of follow-up. METHODS Global cognitive performance was assessed in 755 participants from the Newcastle 85+ study using the standardized Mini-Mental State Examination and attention-specific cognition was assessed using composite scores derived from the Cognitive Drug Research System. Serum selenium, SELENOP, and GPx3 activity were measured at baseline by total reflection X-ray fluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and coupled-enzyme reaction, respectively. Regression analyses explored linear and nonlinear associations between continuous values and tertiles of selenium status biomarkers, respectively, and cognitive function at baseline. Generalized linear mixed models explored associations between continuous values and tertiles of selenium status biomarkers, and global cognitive decline over 5 y, and attention-specific cognitive decline over 3 y. RESULTS Over 3 and 5 y, none of the selenium biomarkers were associated with the rate of cognitive decline. At baseline, in fully adjusted models, higher serum selenium was nonlinearly associated with global cognition (β = 0.05 ± 0.01, P = 0.387 linear, β = 0.04 ± 0.01, P = 0.002 nonlinear). SELENOP and GPx3 activity were not associated with any cognitive outcomes. CONCLUSIONS There were no associations between selenium status and cognitive decline. However, serum selenium, but not SELENOP or GPx3 activity, was positively associated nonlinearly with global cognition at baseline. Furthermore, these associations were not evident during follow-up, potentially because of residual confounding and reverse causation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Perri
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - John C Mathers
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Carmen Martin-Ruiz
- BioScreening Core Facility, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Parker
- BioScreening Core Facility, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Kamil Demircan
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thilo S Chillon
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lutz Schomburg
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Louise Robinson
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Emma J Stevenson
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver M Shannon
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Graciela Muniz-Terrera
- Department of Social Medicine, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, Ohio, United States; Centre for Dementia Prevention, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Falko F Sniehotta
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Craig W Ritchie
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Centre for Dementia Prevention, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley Adamson
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair Burns
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Marie Minihane
- Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Walsh
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Tom R Hill
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Yim G, Margetaki K, Romano ME, Kippler M, Vafeiadi M, Roumeliotaki T, Bempi V, Farzan SF, Chatzi L, Howe CG. Metal mixture exposures and serum lipid levels in childhood: the Rhea mother-child cohort in Greece. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024; 34:688-698. [PMID: 38698271 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00674-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence suggests that cardiovascular disease develops over the lifetime, often beginning in childhood. Metal exposures have been associated with cardiovascular disease and important risk factors, including dyslipidemia, but prior studies have largely focused on adult populations and single metal exposures. OBJECTIVE To investigate the individual and joint impacts of multiple metal exposures on lipid levels during childhood. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 291 4-year-old children from the Rhea Cohort Study in Heraklion, Greece. Seven metals (manganese, cobalt, selenium, molybdenum, cadmium, mercury, and lead) were measured in whole blood using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Serum lipid levels included total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. To determine the joint and individual impacts of child metal exposures (log2-transformed) on lipid levels, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was employed as the primary multi-pollutant approach. Potential effect modification by child sex and childhood environmental tobacco smoke exposure was also evaluated. RESULTS BKMR identified a positive association between the metal mixture and both total and LDL cholesterol. Of the seven metals examined, selenium (median 90.6 [IQR = 83.6, 96.5] µg/L) was assigned the highest posterior inclusion probability for both total and LDL cholesterol. A difference in LDL cholesterol of 8.22 mg/dL (95% CI = 1.85, 14.59) was observed when blood selenium was set to its 75th versus 25th percentile, holding all other metals at their median values. In stratified analyses, the positive association between selenium and LDL cholesterol was only observed among boys or among children exposed to environmental tobacco smoke during childhood. IMPACT STATEMENT Growing evidence indicates that cardiovascular events in adulthood are the consequence of the lifelong atherosclerotic process that begins in childhood. Therefore, public health interventions targeting childhood cardiovascular risk factors may have a particularly profound impact on reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease. Although growing evidence supports that both essential and nonessential metals contribute to cardiovascular disease and risk factors, such as dyslipidemia, prior studies have mainly focused on single metal exposures in adult populations. To address this research gap, the current study investigated the joint impacts of multiple metal exposures on lipid concentrations in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeyoon Yim
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA.
| | - Katerina Margetaki
- Clinic of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Megan E Romano
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Maria Kippler
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vicky Bempi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Shohreh F Farzan
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Division of Environmental Health, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Division of Environmental Health, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Caitlin G Howe
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
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Lv JJ, Li XY, Wang JB, Yang XT, Yin MY, Yang CH. Association of dietary live microbe intake with various cognitive domains in US adults aged 60 years or older. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5714. [PMID: 38459061 PMCID: PMC10923796 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51520-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore whether dietary live microbe intake is associated with various cognitive domains using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2014. And the specific relationship between low, medium and high dietary live microbe intake groups and cognitive ability of the elderly. Dietary live microbe intake was calculated from 24-h diet recall interviews. Cognitive function was assessed using the number symbol substitution test (DSST, which measures processing speed), the animal fluency test (AFT, which measures executive function), the Alzheimer's Registry sub-test (CERAD, which measures memory), and the Composite Z-score, which adds the Z-values of individual tests. Multiple linear regression models and restricted cubic bar graphs were used to investigate the relationship between live microbe intake and cognitive performance. A total of 2,450 participants aged 60 or older were included. Live microbe intake was positively correlated with cognitive ability on the whole. Specifically, when the intake of low, medium and high live microbe was > 2640 g, > 39 g and > 0 g respectively, the CERAD, DSST, AFT and compositive-Z score of the subjects increased with the increase of microbial intake (P < 0.05). In American adults age 60 or older, higher intakes of live microbes were associated with better cognitive performance, especially after a certain amount was reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jie Lv
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No.1291 Jiangning Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.639 Zhizaoju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xin-Yu Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No.1291 Jiangning Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639 Zhizaoju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jing-Bing Wang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.639 Zhizaoju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xi-Tao Yang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.639 Zhizaoju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Min-Yi Yin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No.1291 Jiangning Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.639 Zhizaoju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Cheng-Hao Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No.1291 Jiangning Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.639 Zhizaoju Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Wang X, Wang B, Yang F, Shang K, Chen S, Zhang Y. Associations between plasma metal elements and risk of cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1353286. [PMID: 38384934 PMCID: PMC10879289 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1353286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between plasma metal elements and cognitive function is unclear, especially in extremely older individuals. This present study aimed to explore the association between plasma metal concentrations and the risk of cognitive impairment (CI) in Chinese extremely older adults. Methods Individuals aged ≥90 years with plasm metal concentration data from the fifth wave of the 2008 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey were included. Plasma selenium (Se), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) concentrations were measured using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. Cognitive function was assessed by the Chinese version of the mini-mental state examination. Results The study enrolled 408 participants. Participants with CI had significantly lower plasma Se, Mn, and Fe levels and higher Ca levels than those with normal cognitive function (p < 0.05). Plasma Se, Mn, Ca, and Fe concentrations were significantly associated with CI risk in both single- and multiple-element logistic regression models. Additionally, the multiple-element model results showed that the adjusted odds ratios for CI were 0.042 (95% confidence interval 0.016-0.109), 0.106 (0.044-0.255), 7.629 (3.211-18.124) and 0.092 (0.036-0.233) for the highest quartiles compared to the lowest quartiles of Se, Mn, Ca, and Fe, respectively. Moreover, subgroup analyses by age, sex, and body mass index suggested a consistent significant correlation (p < 0.05). Conclusion Therefore, decreased plasma Se, Mn, and Fe and increased plasma Ca levels were associated with CI risk in Chinese older adults. These findings are of great significance for the development of programs to delay cognitive decline in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Binbin Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fuwen Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Kaijian Shang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shaowei Chen
- Department of Hematology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Ministry Education, Taiyuan, China
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Gao X, Sun Y, Huang X, Zhou Y, Zhu H, Li Q, Ma Y. Adequate dietary magnesium intake may protect females but not males older than 55 years from cognitive impairment. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:184-195. [PMID: 36803323 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2169986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnesium is an essential nutrient required to maintain brain health throughout life, and adequate magnesium intake is positively associated with cognitive performance in older adults. However, sex differences in magnesium metabolism have not been adequately assessed in humans. OBJECTIVES We investigated sex differences in the effect of dietary magnesium intake and the risk of different types of cognitive impairment in older Chinese adults. METHODS We collected and assessed dietary data and cognitive function status in people aged 55 years and older in northern China who participated in the Community Cohort Study of Nervous System Diseases from 2018 to 2019 to explore the relationship between dietary magnesium intake and the risk of each type of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in sex-specific cohorts of older adults. RESULTS The study included 612 people: 260 (42.5%) men and 352 (57.5%) women. Logistic regression results showed that for the total sample and women's sample, high dietary magnesium intake reduced the risk of amnestic MCI (ORtotal = 0.300; ORwomen = 0.190) and multidomain amnestic MCI (ORtotal = 0.225; ORwomen = 0.145). The results of restricted cubic spline analysis showed that the risk of amnestic MCI (ptotal = 0.0193; pwomen = 0.0351) and multidomain amnestic MCI (ptotal = 0.0089; pwomen = 0.0096) in the total sample and women's sample gradually decreased with increasing dietary magnesium intake. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that adequate magnesium intake may have a preventive effect against the risk of MCI in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Gao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hebei Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
- Handan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Handan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutian Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huichen Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxia Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxia Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
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Shang X, Liu J, Zhang X, Huang Y, Zhu Z, Tang S, Wang W, Ge Z, Yu H, He M. Association of antioxidants use with the risk of dementia among community-dwelling adults in the United Kingdom biobank. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1270179. [PMID: 38239836 PMCID: PMC10794302 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1270179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Data regarding the association between antioxidant supplementation and incident dementia are limited. Methods We included 494,632 adults (54.5% females) aged 40-71 years at baseline from the United Kingdom Biobank in the final analysis. Incident dementia was ascertained using hospital inpatient and death records up to January 2021. Results Over a median follow-up of 11.9 years, 7,128 new cases of all-cause dementia, 2,772 cases of Alzheimer's disease, and 1,397 cases of vascular dementia were recorded. The hazard ratio (95% CI) for incident dementia associated with zinc supplementation was 0.84 (0.74-0.96), and the association remained significant after adjusting for all confounders (0.84 (0.74-0.96)). In the full model, zinc supplementation was associated with a reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease [HR (95% CI): 0.71 (0.57-0.88)]. There was no significant association between zinc supplementation and the risk of vascular dementia. No significant associations with incident dementia were observed for other antioxidant supplementation. The association between zinc supplementation and incident dementia was significant among individuals with [HR (95% CI): 0.34 (0.15-0.77)] and without cataract [0.87 (0.77-0.99)] but it was stronger among those with cataract (p value for interaction = 0.0271). Conclusion Our findings suggest that zinc supplementation may help reduce the risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease in middle-aged or older adults, especially among those with cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Shang
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Center for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuoting Zhu
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shulin Tang
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zongyuan Ge
- Monash e-Research Center, Faculty of Engineering, Airdoc Research, Nvidia AI Technology Research Center, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Honghua Yu
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingguang He
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Experimental Ophthalmology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Vicerra PMM. Variations in cognition by human capital characteristics: a cross-sectional analysis of Brazilian older adults. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1257961. [PMID: 37942239 PMCID: PMC10628778 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1257961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The productivity of individuals is assumed to decline upon reaching old age when cognitive ability is considered. This assumption is false, especially if the human development characteristics of people are analyzed, which highlights the need to recognize the heterogeneity among subpopulations. Methods Using Wave two of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study on Aging, conducted from 2019 to 2021, this study explored the onset and speed of cognitive aging among older individuals aged at least 60 in Brazil, with reference to their education and income levels. Results It was observed that although higher human capital characteristics yielded results toward later cognitive decline, women benefited more from having higher educational attainment levels. Such a pattern was similar among men and increased income levels. Disparities in cognitive performance, whether from education or income, were greatest at age 60, and this advantage diminished as age progressed. Conclusion Viewing the older population as homogeneous in terms of health function is restrictive. It should be recognized that variations in social status affect individuals' health status into old age and therefore their respective potential for productivity should be maximized.
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Revisiting the Role of Vitamins and Minerals in Alzheimer's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020415. [PMID: 36829974 PMCID: PMC9952129 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia that affects millions of individuals worldwide. It is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by memory loss, impaired learning and thinking, and difficulty in performing regular daily activities. Despite nearly two decades of collective efforts to develop novel medications that can prevent or halt the disease progression, we remain faced with only a few options with limited effectiveness. There has been a recent growth of interest in the role of nutrition in brain health as we begin to gain a better understanding of what and how nutrients affect hormonal and neural actions that not only can lead to typical cardiovascular or metabolic diseases but also an array of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Vitamins and minerals, also known as micronutrients, are elements that are indispensable for functions including nutrient metabolism, immune surveillance, cell development, neurotransmission, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this review, we provide an overview on some of the most common vitamins and minerals and discuss what current studies have revealed on the link between these essential micronutrients and cognitive performance or AD.
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Zhang JW, Lin Y, Liu YM, Wang MM, Gong JG, Shen XG, Shen QQ, Lin B, Su WE, Gao YC, Yuan CY, Pan ZH, Zhu B. Excess selenium intake is associated with microalbuminuria in female but not in male among adults with obesity: Results from NHANES 2009-2018. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1043395. [PMID: 36761214 PMCID: PMC9907462 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1043395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Selenium is a critical trace element with antioxidant activities that has been related to the preservation of kidney function. Few studies, however, have looked at the effects of excess selenium on kidneys. The purpose of the present study was performed to investigate the relationship between dietary selenium intake and the prevalence of microalbuminuria in American adults with obesity. Methods A total of 8,547 participants with obesity in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with the age of 19 years or older were included in the present study. Multivariable regression and subgroup analyses were performed to examine the association between dietary selenium and microalbuminuria in the two genders, separately. A selenium intake above the median was defined as high selenium intake. Results Dietary selenium intake was significantly higher in men compared to women (139.49 μg/day vs. 101.06 μg/day; P < 0.0001). Among female participants, the prevalence of microalbuminuria was significantly higher in participants with a high selenium intake compared with those without a high selenium intake (13.82 vs. 9.96%; P = 0.008), whereas this difference did not exist in male participants (10.79 vs. 11.97%; P = 0.40). Dietary selenium is not significantly correlated with microalbuminuria (P = 0.68) in the male population, whereas each 1 μg/day of increase in selenium consumption was independently associated with a 6h higher risk of microalbuminuria (OR = 1.006; 95% CI, 1.001-1.011, P = 0.01) in females. Conclusion According to our research, excessive selenium consumption is positively correlated with microalbuminuria in females with obesity, but not in males with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Guangxing Hospital), Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China,The Third College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Guangxing Hospital), Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue-min Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min-min Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-guang Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-gang Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Quan-quan Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei-er Su
- The Third College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-cheng Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Guangxing Hospital), Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China,The Third College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen-yi Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Guangxing Hospital), Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China,The Third College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-hui Pan
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Guangxing Hospital), Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China,The Third College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Bin Zhu,
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10
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Golin A, Tinkov AA, Aschner M, Farina M, da Rocha JBT. Relationship between selenium status, selenoproteins and COVID-19 and other inflammatory diseases: A critical review. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 75:127099. [PMID: 36372013 PMCID: PMC9630303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant effects of selenium as a component of selenoproteins has been thought to modulate host immunity and viral pathogenesis. Accordingly, the association of low dietary selenium status with inflammatory and immunodeficiency has been reported in the literature; however, the causal role of selenium deficiency in chronic inflammatory diseases and viral infection is still undefined. The COVID-19, characterized by acute respiratory syndrome and caused by the novel coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2, has infected millions of individuals worldwide since late 2019. The severity and mortality from COVID-19 have been associated with several factor, including age, sex and selenium deficiency. However, available data on selenium status and COVID-19 are limited, and a possible causative role for selenium deficiency in COVID-19 severity has yet to be fully addressed. In this context, we review the relationship between selenium, selenoproteins, COVID-19, immune and inflammatory responses, viral infection, and aging. Regardless of the role of selenium in immune and inflammatory responses, we emphasize that selenium supplementation should be indicated after a selenium deficiency be detected, particularly, in view of the critical role played by selenoproteins in human health. In addition, the levels of selenium should be monitored after the start of supplementation and discontinued as soon as normal levels are reached. Periodic assessment of selenium levels after supplementation is a critical issue to avoid over production of toxic metabolites of selenide because under normal conditions, selenoproteins attain saturated expression levels that limits their potential deleterious metabolic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anieli Golin
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia; Institute of Bioelementology, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Marcelo Farina
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - João Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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11
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Wang H, Lv Y, Ti G, Ren G. Association of low-carbohydrate-diet score and cognitive performance in older adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:983. [PMID: 36539697 PMCID: PMC9764565 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03607-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the association between low-carbohydrate-diet (LCD) score and cognitive performance based on a nationally representative sample aged ≥ 60 years from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 2,537 eligible older adults from the NHANES database 2011-2014. The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) word learning subtest, Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) were used to assess the cognitive performance. All participants were categorized into the low and normal cognitive performance groups. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were utilized to evaluate the association of LCD score with cognitive performance. Stratified analyses based on age, body mass index (BMI), gender, marital status, education level was conducted. RESULTS After adjusting age, education level, marital status, household income, history of diabetes, history of hypertension, history of congestive heart failure, history of coronary heart disease, history of heart disease, history of stroke, magnesium and the using of psychotropic medication, LCD score was correlated with the CERAD word learning subtest. The associations between LCD score and AFT, DSST were not statistically significant. Moreover, LCD score was also related to cognitive performance among individuals who were aged < 65 years or BMI 25-30 kg/m2 or was married/separated, or had an education level of high school or above. CONCLUSION The adherences to LCD might be associated with the risk of cognitive performance among older adults. Further large-scale cohort studies are needed to test the causal relationship of LCD and cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Wang
- grid.470966.aDepartment of Neurology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No.99 Longcheng Street, 030032 Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Lv
- grid.470966.aDepartment of Nephrology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030032 Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Ti
- grid.470966.aDepartment of Medical Record, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030032 Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Ren
- grid.470966.aDepartment of Neurology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No.99 Longcheng Street, 030032 Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
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12
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R Cardoso B, Machado P, Steele EM. Association between ultra-processed food consumption and cognitive performance in US older adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the NHANES 2011-2014. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3975-3985. [PMID: 35778619 PMCID: PMC9596521 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02911-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and cognitive performance among older US adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study assessed 3632 participants aged 60+ years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-14. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD), Word Learning test, Animal Fluency test, and the Digit Symbol Substitution test (DSST). Dietary intake was assessed using two 24-h diet recalls. Food items were classified according to the NOVA system, a classification based on the nature, extent, and purpose of industrial food processing. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the association of dietary share of UPF (% of daily energy intake) (categorized as tertiles) and cognitive test scores, adjusting for socio-demographic variables, physical activity, smoking status, and chronic diseases (cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and depression). Models excluding participants with pre-existing diseases were carried out to address potential reverse causality. RESULTS On average, UPF accounted for 53% of total energy intake, ranging from 33 to 70% across extreme tertiles. Inverted U-shape association between UPF consumption and Animal fluency and DSST was observed. No significant associations were observed between the UPF intake tertiles and the cognitive test results. Nonetheless, UPF consumption was significantly associated with worse performance in Animal Fluency in older adults without pre-existing diseases (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION UPF consumption was associated with worse performance in Animal Fluency among older people without pre-existing diseases. Decreasing UPF consumption may be a way to improve impaired cognition among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara R Cardoso
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, VIC, 3168, Australia.
| | - Priscila Machado
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, VIC, Australia
| | - Euridice Martinez Steele
- Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, 01246-907, Brazil.
- Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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13
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Rios-Lugo MJ, Palos-Lucio AG, Victoria-Campos CI, Lugo-Trampe A, Trujillo-Murillo KDC, López-García MA, Espinoza-Ruiz M, Romero-Guzmán ET, Hernández-Mendoza H, Chang-Rueda C. Sex-Specific Association between Fasting Plasma Glucose and Serum Selenium Levels in Adults from Southern Mexico. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:1665. [PMID: 36141277 PMCID: PMC9498661 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that by its antioxidant properties has been studied to elucidate its participation in the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. We evaluated the association between cardiometabolic traits and serum Se levels in a sample of adults from southern Mexico. In 96 nondiabetic individuals, anthropometric data and clinical biochemistry measurements were analyzed. Serum total Se levels were measured with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Serum Se level in the whole sample was 10.309 ± 3.031 μg mL-1 and no difference between the women and men was observed (p = 0.09). Additionally, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was significantly associated with serum Se level (β = -0.07 ± 0.03, p = 0.02, analysis adjusted for age, sex and BMI). Furthermore, sex shows significant interaction with FPG on the serum Se levels (p = 0.01). A follow-up analysis revealed the particular association between FPG and Se levels in women (β = -0.10 ± 0.04, p = 0.01). In conclusion, our data evidenced a women-specific association between FPG and serum Se levels in a sample of adults from southern Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Judith Rios-Lugo
- Sección de Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina (CICSaB), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avda Sierra Leona 550, San Luis 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Unidad de Posgrado, Facultad de Enfermería y Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avda. Niño Artillero 130, San Luis Potosí 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Ana Gabriela Palos-Lucio
- Unidad de Posgrado, Facultad de Enfermería y Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avda. Niño Artillero 130, San Luis Potosí 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Claudia Inés Victoria-Campos
- Sección de Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina (CICSaB), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avda Sierra Leona 550, San Luis 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Unidad de Posgrado, Facultad de Enfermería y Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avda. Niño Artillero 130, San Luis Potosí 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Angel Lugo-Trampe
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Campus IV, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Carretera a Puerto Madero Km 1.5, Tapachula 30580, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Karina Del Carmen Trujillo-Murillo
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Campus IV, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Carretera a Puerto Madero Km 1.5, Tapachula 30580, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Maximiliano Arahon López-García
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Campus IV, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Carretera a Puerto Madero Km 1.5, Tapachula 30580, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Marisol Espinoza-Ruiz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Campus IV, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Carretera a Puerto Madero Km 1.5, Tapachula 30580, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Teresita Romero-Guzmán
- Departamento de Química, Gerencia de Ciencias Básicas, Dirección de Investigación Científica, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera Mexico-Toluca s/n, La Marquesa, Ocoyoacác 52750, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Héctor Hernández-Mendoza
- Instituto de Investigación de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Altair 200, San Luis 78377, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Universidad del Centro de Mexico, Capitán Caldera 75, San Luis 78250, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Hospital General de Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, Secretaría de Salud, Valentín Amador 1112, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez 78435, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Consuelo Chang-Rueda
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Campus IV, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Carretera a Puerto Madero Km 1.5, Tapachula 30580, Chiapas, Mexico
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14
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Fei HX, Qian CF, Wu XM, Wei YH, Huang JY, Wei LH. Role of micronutrients in Alzheimer's disease: Review of available evidence. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:7631-7641. [PMID: 36158513 PMCID: PMC9372870 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i22.7631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorders that have been studied for more than 100 years. Although an increased level of amyloid precursor protein is considered a key contributor to the development of AD, the exact pathogenic mechanism remains known. Multiple factors are related to AD, such as genetic factors, aging, lifestyle, and nutrients. Both epidemiological and clinical evidence has shown that the levels of micronutrients, such as copper, zinc, and iron, are closely related to the development of AD. In this review, we summarize the roles of eight micronutrients, including copper, zinc, iron, selenium, silicon, manganese, arsenic, and vitamin D in AD based on recently published studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xin Fei
- Department of Pathology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Chao-Fan Qian
- Department of Pathology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiang-Mei Wu
- Department of Pathology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yu-Hua Wei
- Department of Pathology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jin-Yu Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Li-Hua Wei
- Department of Pathology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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15
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Song W, Feng Y, Gong Z, Tian C. The Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults Aged 60 Years and Older. Front Nutr 2022; 9:748000. [PMID: 35495906 PMCID: PMC9039302 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.748000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation has been linked to the development of cognitive performance. Epidemiological evidence on dietary inflammatory potential and cognitive performance is scarce. We evaluated the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and cognitive performance in older adults. Methods This study included adults aged 60 years or older from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The DII scores were calculated based on 27 nutritional parameters. Cognitive performance was assessed with four cognitive tests: the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST, n = 2,780), the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Word Learning (CERAD-WL, n = 2,859) and Delayed Recall (CERAD-DR, n = 2,857), and the Animal Fluency (AF, n = 2,844) tests. Restricted cubic splines and logistic regression were adopted to assess the associations. Results Comparing the highest to lowest tertile of DII scores, the odds ratio (95% CI) of lower cognitive functioning was 1.97 (1.08–3.58) [P-trend = 0.02, per 1 unit increment: 1.17 (1.01–1.38)] on DSST, 1.24 (0.87–1.76) [P-trend = 0.24, per 1 unit increment: 1.09 (0.96–1.23)] on CERAD-WL, 0.93 (0.57–1.51) [P-trend = 0.74, per 1 unit increment: 1.02 (0.87–1.20)] on CERAD-DR, and 1.76 (1.30–2.37) [P-trend < 0.01, per 1 unit increment: 1.17 (1.05–1.29)] on AF. The above-mentioned associations were observed in both men and women. In non-linear dose–response analysis, the association between DII and lower cognitive functioning was not significant at lower DII scores up to 3.0, after which the association was significant and the curve rose steeply. Conclusion Higher DII is associated with lower scores on DSST and AF tests in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlei Song
- Department of Disease Control, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, China
| | - Yijun Feng
- Department of Disease Control, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, China.,Department of Nursing, Zhouzhuang People's Hospital, Kunshan, China
| | - Zonglin Gong
- Department of Disease Control, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, China
| | - Changwei Tian
- Department of Disease Control, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, China
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16
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Selenium intake and cognitive function. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 50:338-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Gong Z, Song W, Gu M. Serum Copper and Zinc Concentrations and Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults Aged 60 Years and Older. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:1495-1501. [PMID: 34057653 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02765-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence on serum zinc and copper and cognitive impairment in older adults are not consistent. Results on serum zinc and copper and cognitive impairment in older adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) have not been reported. Data on serum zinc and copper and cognitive impairment from individuals ≥ 60 years of age were obtained from the 2011-2014 NHANES. Serum zinc and copper concentrations were determined with inductively coupled plasma dynamic reaction cell mass spectrometry. Cognitive impairment was assessed with four cognitive tests: the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), the Animal Fluency (AF), the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Delayed Recall (CERAD-DR), and the Word Learning (CERAD-WL) tests. Compared with the lowest tertile of serum copper, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios of scoring low on the AF were 0.86 (0.44-1.68) in tertile 2 and 0.46 (0.25-0.82) in tertile 3, and the inverse association was also found in women. No association was found between serum copper and the DSST, CERAD-DR, and CRAD-WL, respectively. Compared with the lowest tertile of serum zinc, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios of scoring low on the DSST were 0.83 (0.37-1.90) in tertile 2 and 0.42 (0.22-0.80) in tertile 3, and the inverse association was also found in men. No association was found between serum zinc and the AF, CERAD-DR, and CRAD-WL, respectively. In conclusion, serum copper and zinc were associated with certain cognitive performance tests among older adults, and the causality deserves to be confirmed further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonglin Gong
- Department of Integrated Services, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenlei Song
- Department of Disease Control, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Tuberculosis Control, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, No.458, West Tongfeng Road, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Minjun Gu
- Department of Disease Control, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, China
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18
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Laouali N, Benmarhnia T, Lanphear BP, Weuve J, Mascari M, Boutron-Ruault MC, Oulhote Y. Association between blood metals mixtures concentrations and cognitive performance, and effect modification by diet in older US adults. Environ Epidemiol 2022; 6:e192. [PMID: 35169670 PMCID: PMC8835643 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic exposure to heavy metals has been associated with adverse neurological outcomes in older adults. Inflammatory processes are suspected as an underlying pathway by which metals exert their neurotoxicity. In parallel, a diet rich in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory components may protect against chronic inflammation. OBJECTIVES We examined the associations of blood concentrations of lead, cadmium, and manganese as a mixture with cognitive performance in older US adults and potential modification of these associations by diet as measured by the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) and the Adapted Dietary Inflammatory Index (ADII). METHODS We used data on 1,777 adults ≥60 years old from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; 2011-2014). We derived the ADII and the HEI-2015 from two nonconsecutive 24-hour diet recalls. Cognitive performance was measured by the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) Word Learning subtest, the animal fluency test, and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). We also constructed a composite z-score reflecting overall cognitive performance. We used quantile g-computation to evaluate the joint associations of a mixture of metals with cognitive performance test scores. We also evaluated effect modification by sex and diet quality indices using Cochran Q tests. RESULTS The median (interquartile range) of blood metals were 0.38 μg/L (0.35), 14.70 μg/L (11.70), and 8.74 μg/L (4.06) for cadmium, lead, and manganese, respectively. Increasing blood concentrations of all metals by one quartile was associated with a decrease in overall cognitive performance (-0.04; 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.09, 0.02), CERAD (-0.04; 95% CI = -0.12, 0.03), animal fluency (-0.02; 95% CI, -0.11, 0.06), and DSST (-0.05; 95% CI = -0.11, 0.02) test scores. These associations were more pronounced in adults with high pro-inflammatory or low-diet quality and null or positive though imprecise associations in participants with a high anti-inflammatory. These associations also varied by sex with inverse associations in men and positive associations in women. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that adherence to an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory diet may prevent blood metals adverse cognitive effects among older adults. If confirmed, strategies based on diet could provide a potential complementary and efficient approach to counteract effects of environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Laouali
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health & Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California
- CESP UMR1018, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Paris, France
| | - Tarik Benmarhnia
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health & Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Bruce P. Lanphear
- Child and Family Research Institute, BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jennifer Weuve
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Mascari
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | | | - Youssef Oulhote
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts
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19
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Barchielli G, Capperucci A, Tanini D. The Role of Selenium in Pathologies: An Updated Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020251. [PMID: 35204134 PMCID: PMC8868242 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential microelement required for a number of biological functions. Selenium—and more specifically the amino acid selenocysteine—is present in at least 25 human selenoproteins involved in a wide variety of essential biological functions, ranging from the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration to the biosynthesis of hormones. These processes also play a central role in preventing and modulating the clinical outcome of several diseases, including cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, mental disorders, cardiovascular disorders, fertility impairments, inflammation, and infections (including SARS-CoV-2). Over the past years, a number of studies focusing on the relationship between selenium and such pathologies have been reported. Generally, an adequate selenium nutritional state—and in some cases selenium supplementation—have been related to improved prognostic outcome and reduced risk of developing several diseases. On the other hand, supra-nutritional levels might have adverse effects. The results of recent studies focusing on these topics are summarized and discussed in this review, with particular emphasis on advances achieved in the last decade.
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Wang X, Wang H, Zhang F, Cui Y, Zhang D, Shen X. Threshold effects and interactive effects of total zinc and selenium intake on cognitive function in older adults. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 47:383-390. [PMID: 35063231 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The aim of this study was to assess threshold effects and interactive effects of total zinc and selenium intake on cognitive function in older adults. METHODS We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Zinc and selenium intake were obtained through two 24-h dietary recalls. Cognitive performance was evaluated by the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Smooth curve fitting, two-piecewise multivariable linear regression models, binary logistic regression model, multiplicative interactions model, and additive interactions model were used to evaluate the association between zinc, selenium intake and their interactive effect on cognitive function. RESULTS A total of 2450 participants aged 60 years or older were included. Zinc and selenium intake was non-linearly associated with cognitive function. The inflection point for zinc intake was 8.94 mg/d in males and 7.58 mg/d in females. When zinc intake was below inflection point, zinc intake was positively associated with the DSST test in males (β = 1.02, 95% CI, 0.44 to 1.60) and females (β = 0.94, 95% CI, 0.26 to 1.62). When zinc intake above inflection point, there is no association between zinc intake and the DSST test in both sexs. The inflection point for selenium intake was 186.33 μg/d in males and 68.40 μg/d in females. Among males, the β (95% CIs) was 0.03 (0.01,0.06) to the left side of the inflection point and -0.06 (-0.10, -0.02) to the right of the inflection point. Among females, the β (95% CIs) was 0.13 (0.04,0.22) to the left side of the inflection point and 0.01 (-0.01,0.04) to the right of the inflection point. Besides, zinc and selenium have significant interaction on DSST test only in females (P = 0.028, RERI = 0.418). CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that zinc and selenium intake was non-linearly associated with cognitive function in different sex. There was an interactive effect between zinc and selenium intake on improving cognitive function, especially in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qing Dao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qing Dao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qing Dao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yixin Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qing Dao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qing Dao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaoli Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qing Dao, Shandong Province, China.
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21
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Fan Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Liu Y, Chang H, Jiang Y, Tuo X, Zhou L, Yu Y. Association between healthy eating index-2015 and various cognitive domains in US adults aged 60 years or older: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1862. [PMID: 34654401 PMCID: PMC8520277 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet, as a modifiable factor, plays an important role in cognitive function. However, the association between adherence to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA), measured by Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, and cognitive function remains unclear. This study aims to explore whether HEI-2015 is associated with various cognitive domains and whether such association is modified by age, gender, or ethnicity in the US adults aged 60 years or older using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. METHODS HEI-2015 scores were calculated from 24-h dietary recall interviews. Cognitive function was evaluated by Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST, a measure of processing speed), Animal Fluency Test (AFT, a measure of executive function), a subtest from Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD, a measure of memory), and a composite-z score calculated by summing z scores of individual tests. The associations between HEI-2015 scores and cognitive performance were explored using multiple linear regression models. RESULTS A total of 2450 participants aged 60 years or older were included. Participants with higher HEI-2015 scores were more likely to have higher DSST, AFT as well as composite-z scores (P<0.05). Significant interaction effects were identified between HEI-2015 and ethnicity in specific cognitive domains (Pinteraction<0.05). Among HEI-2015 components, higher intakes of whole fruits and seafood and plant protein were associated with better cognitive performance (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Higher adherence to DGA is associated with better cognitive performance, especially regarding processing speed and executive function among the US adults aged 60 years or older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yameng Fan
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinyin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiao Li
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yamei Liu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Chang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yude Jiang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingxia Tuo
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Gong Z, Song W, Gu M, Zhou X, Tian C. Association between serum iron concentrations and cognitive impairment in older adults aged 60 years and older: A dose-response analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255595. [PMID: 34339453 PMCID: PMC8328322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence on peripheral iron and cognitive impairment in older adults is sparse and limited. Results on serum iron and cognitive impairment in older adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey have not been reported. Data on serum iron and cognitive impairment from individuals ≥ 60 years of age were obtained from the 2011–2014 NHANES (N = 3,131). Serum iron concentrations were determined with DcX800 method. Cognitive impairment was assessed with four cognitive tests: the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), the Animal Fluency (AF), the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Delayed Recall (CERAD-DR) and Word Learning (CERAD-WL) tests. Logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were adopted to explore the dose-response relationship between serum iron concentrations and cognitive impairment. Comparing the highest to lowest tertile of serum iron concentrations, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios of scoring low on the DSST were 0.70 (0.49–1.00), 0.88 (0.65–1.20) for CERAD-WL, 0.65 (0.48–0.88) for CERAD-DR, and 0.78 (0.53–1.15) for AF. Stratified analyses by sex showed that the above-mentioned associations were mainly found in men; however, the interaction with sex was not significant. Dose-response analysis showed that relationships between serum iron and cognitive impairment evaluated by DSST and CERAD-DR were linear, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonglin Gong
- Department of Integrated Services, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenlei Song
- Department of Integrated Services, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minjun Gu
- Department of Disease Control, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Integrated Services, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changwei Tian
- Department of Integrated Services, Kunshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail:
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Cardoso BR, Braat S, Graham RM. Selenium Status Is Associated With Insulin Resistance Markers in Adults: Findings From the 2013 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Front Nutr 2021; 8:696024. [PMID: 34262926 PMCID: PMC8273176 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.696024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although literature has been consistently showing an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in populations with high exposure to selenium, there is a lack of information quantifying the association between diabetes-related markers and the nutritional status of selenium. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between blood selenium concentration and glucose markers in a representative sample of the US population, which is known to have moderate to high exposure to selenium. This cross-sectional analysis included 4,339 participants ≥18 years from the 2013 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). All participants were assessed for whole blood selenium concentration, fasting plasma insulin and glucose, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance). In this cohort, all participants presented with adequate selenium status [196.2 (SD: 0.9) μg/L] and 867 (15%) had diabetes mellitus. Selenium was positively associated with insulin, glucose and HOMA-IR in models adjusted for age and sex. When the models were further adjusted for smoking status, physical activity, metabolic syndrome and BMI, the associations with insulin and HOMA-IR remained but the association with glucose was no longer significant. A 10 μg/L increase in selenium was associated with 1.5% (95% CI: 0.4–2.6%) increase in insulin and 1.7% (95% CI: 0.5–2.9%) increase in HOMA-IR in fully adjusted models. There was no evidence of an association between selenium and diabetes prevalence. Our findings corroborate the notion that selenium supplementation should not be encouraged in populations with high dietary intake of selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara R Cardoso
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sabine Braat
- Departments of Medicine and Infectious Diseases at the Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross M Graham
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
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Díaz M, Mesa-Herrera F, Marín R. DHA and Its Elaborated Modulation of Antioxidant Defenses of the Brain: Implications in Aging and AD Neurodegeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060907. [PMID: 34205196 PMCID: PMC8228037 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) is perhaps the most pleiotropic molecule in nerve cell biology. This long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acid has evolved to accomplish essential functions ranging from structural components allowing fast events in nerve cell membrane physiology to regulation of neurogenesis and synaptic function. Strikingly, the plethora of DHA effects has to take place within the hostile pro-oxidant environment of the brain parenchyma, which might suggest a molecular suicide. In order to circumvent this paradox, different molecular strategies have evolved during the evolution of brain cells to preserve DHA and to minimize the deleterious effects of its oxidation. In this context, DHA has emerged as a member of the “indirect antioxidants” family, the redox effects of which are not due to direct redox interactions with reactive species, but to modulation of gene expression within thioredoxin and glutathione antioxidant systems and related pathways. Weakening or deregulation of these self-protecting defenses orchestrated by DHA is associated with normal aging but also, more worryingly, with the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In the present review, we elaborate on the essential functions of DHA in the brain, including its role as indirect antioxidant, the selenium connection for proper antioxidant function and their changes during normal aging and in Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Díaz
- Laboratory of Membrane Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 Tenerife, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSP), Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 Tenerife, Spain
- Unidad Asociada ULL-CSIC “Fisiología y Biofísica de la Membrana Celular en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Tumorales”, 38206 Tenerife, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Fátima Mesa-Herrera
- Laboratory of Membrane Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 Tenerife, Spain;
| | - Raquel Marín
- Unidad Asociada ULL-CSIC “Fisiología y Biofísica de la Membrana Celular en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Tumorales”, 38206 Tenerife, Spain;
- Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 Tenerife, Spain
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Hu H, Bi C, Lin T, Liu L, Song Y, Wang B, Wang P, Zhou Z, Fang C, Ma H, Huang X, Hu L, Xu X, Zhang H, Huo Y, Wang X, Bao H, Cheng X, Li P. Sex difference in the association between plasma selenium and first stroke: a community-based nested case-control study. Biol Sex Differ 2021; 12:39. [PMID: 34051856 PMCID: PMC8164764 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-021-00383-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, there is no clearly defined association between plasma selenium levels and first stroke. We aimed to investigate the association between baseline plasma selenium and first stroke risk in a community-based Chinese population. METHODS Using a nested case-control study design, a total of 1255 first stroke cases and 1255 matched controls were analyzed. Participant plasma selenium concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and the association of plasma selenium with first stroke risk was estimated by conditional logistic regression models. RESULTS Overall, a non-linear negative association between plasma selenium and first total stroke and first ischemic stroke risks was found in males but not in females. Compared with participants with lower selenium levels (tertile 1-2, < 94.1 ng/mL), participants with higher selenium levels (tertile 3, ≥ 94.1 ng/mL) had significantly lower risks of first total stroke (OR 0.63; 95% CI 0.48, 0.83) and first ischemic stroke (OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.45, 0.83) in males but not in females with first total stroke (OR 0.92; 95% CI 0.69, 1.22) and first ischemic stroke (OR 0.89; 95% CI 0.65, 1.22). Furthermore, a stronger association between plasma selenium and first total stroke was found in males with higher vitamin E levels (≥ 13.5 μg/mL vs. < 13.5 μg/mL P-interaction = 0.007). No significant association was observed between plasma selenium and first hemorrhagic stroke risk in either males or females. CONCLUSION Our study indicated a significant, non-linear, negative association between plasma selenium and first stroke in males but not in females. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR1800017274 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chonglei Bi
- People's Hospital of Rongcheng, No. 298 Chengshan Avenue, Rongcheng, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tengfei Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing, China
| | - Lishun Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Binyan Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, No. 16 Gaoxin Middle 1 Road, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ziyi Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing, China
| | - Chongqian Fang
- People's Hospital of Rongcheng, No. 298 Chengshan Avenue, Rongcheng, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hai Ma
- Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 688 Qingshan East Road, Rongcheng, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Lihua Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing, China
| | - Xiping Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Huihui Bao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoshu Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.
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