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Sobhy MH, Ismail A, Abdel-Hamid MS, Wagih M, Kamel M. 2-Methoxyestradiol ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by regulating the expression of GLUT4 and CPT-1B in female rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:7129-7139. [PMID: 38652282 PMCID: PMC11422279 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03073-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The clinical usage of doxorubicin (DOX) is hampered due to cardiomyopathy. Studies reveal that estrogen (E2) modulates DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Yet, the exact mechanism is unclear. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the influence of E2 and more specifically its metabolite 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME) on cardiac remodeling and the reprogramming of cardiac metabolism in rats subjected to DOX cardiotoxicity. Seventy-two female rats were divided into groups. Cardiotoxicity was induced by administering DOX (2.5 mg/kg three times weekly for 2 weeks). In some groups, the effect of endogenous E2 was abolished by ovariectomy (OVX) or by using the estrogen receptor (ER) blocker Fulvestrant (FULV). The effect of administering exogenous E2 or 2ME in the OVX group was studied. Furthermore, the influence of entacapone (COMT inhibitor) on induced cardiotoxicity was investigated. The evaluated cardiac parameters included ECG, histopathology, cardiac-related enzymes (creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)), and lipid profile markers (total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)). The expression levels of key metabolic enzymes (glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1B (CPT-1B)) were assessed. Our results displayed that co-treatment of E2 and/or 2ME with DOX significantly reduced DOX-induced cardiomyopathy and enhanced the metabolism of the heart through the maintenance of GLUT4 and CPT-1B enzymes. On the other hand, co-treatment of DOX with OVX, entacapone, or FULV increased the toxic effect of DOX by further reducing these important metabolic enzymes. E2 and 2ME abrogate DOX-induced cardiomyopathy partly through modulation of GLUT 4 and CPT-1B enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Sobhy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center for Materials Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Abdel-Hamid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Wagih
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marwa Kamel
- Department of Cancer Biology, Unit of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Wu M, Tan J, Cao Z, Cai Y, Huang Z, Chen Z, He W, Liu X, Jiang Y, Gao Q, Deng B, Wang J, Yuan W, Zhang H, Chen Y. Sirt5 improves cardiomyocytes fatty acid metabolism and ameliorates cardiac lipotoxicity in diabetic cardiomyopathy via CPT2 de-succinylation. Redox Biol 2024; 73:103184. [PMID: 38718533 PMCID: PMC11091707 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The disruption of the balance between fatty acid (FA) uptake and oxidation (FAO) leads to cardiac lipotoxicity, serving as the driving force behind diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM). Sirtuin 5 (Sirt5), a lysine de-succinylase, could impact diverse metabolic pathways, including FA metabolism. Nevertheless, the precise roles of Sirt5 in cardiac lipotoxicity and DbCM remain unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aims to elucidate the role and underlying mechanism of Sirt5 in the context of cardiac lipotoxicity and DbCM. METHODS AND RESULTS The expression of myocardial Sirt5 was found to be modestly elevated in diabetic heart failure patients and mice. Cardiac dysfunction, hypertrophy and lipotoxicity were exacerbated by ablation of Sirt5 but improved by forced expression of Sirt5 in diabetic mice. Notably, Sirt5 deficiency impaired FAO without affecting the capacity of FA uptake in the diabetic heart, leading to accumulation of FA intermediate metabolites, which mainly included medium- and long-chain fatty acyl-carnitines. Mechanistically, succinylomics analyses identified carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2), a crucial enzyme involved in the reconversion of fatty acyl-carnitines to fatty acyl-CoA and facilitating FAO, as the functional succinylated substrate mediator of Sirt5. Succinylation of Lys424 in CPT2 was significantly increased by Sirt5 deficiency, leading to the inactivation of its enzymatic activity and the subsequent accumulation of fatty acyl-carnitines. CPT2 K424R mutation, which mitigated succinylation modification, counteracted the reduction of enzymatic activity in CPT2 mediated by Sirt5 deficiency, thereby attenuating Sirt5 knockout-induced FAO impairment and lipid deposition. CONCLUSIONS Sirt5 deficiency impairs FAO, leading to cardiac lipotoxicity in the diabetic heart through the succinylation of Lys424 in CPT2. This underscores the potential roles of Sirt5 and CPT2 as therapeutic targets for addressing DbCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxiong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jing Tan
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yangwei Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zhaoqi Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zhiteng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Wanbing He
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Qingyuan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Bingqing Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Woliang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Yangxin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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3
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Schenkl C, Heyne E, Doenst T, Schulze PC, Nguyen TD. Targeting Mitochondrial Metabolism to Save the Failing Heart. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13041027. [PMID: 37109556 PMCID: PMC10143865 DOI: 10.3390/life13041027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable progress in treating cardiac disorders, the prevalence of heart failure (HF) keeps growing, making it a global medical and economic burden. HF is characterized by profound metabolic remodeling, which mostly occurs in the mitochondria. Although it is well established that the failing heart is energy-deficient, the role of mitochondria in the pathophysiology of HF extends beyond the energetic aspects. Changes in substrate oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle and the respiratory chain have emerged as key players in regulating myocardial energy homeostasis, Ca2+ handling, oxidative stress and inflammation. This work aims to highlight metabolic alterations in the mitochondria and their far-reaching effects on the pathophysiology of HF. Based on this knowledge, we will also discuss potential metabolic approaches to improve cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schenkl
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Estelle Heyne
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Doenst
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Paul Christian Schulze
- Department of Medicine I (Cardiology, Angiology, Critical Care Medicine), Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Tien Dung Nguyen
- Department of Medicine I (Cardiology, Angiology, Critical Care Medicine), Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
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Ding B, Peterzan M, Mózes FE, Rider OJ, Valkovič L, Rodgers CT. Water-suppression cycling 3-T cardiac 1 H-MRS detects altered creatine and choline in patients with aortic or mitral stenosis. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4513. [PMID: 33826181 PMCID: PMC8243349 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac proton spectroscopy (1 H-MRS) is widely used to quantify lipids. Other metabolites (e.g. creatine and choline) are clinically relevant but more challenging to quantify because of their low concentrations (approximately 10 mmol/L) and because of cardiac motion. To quantify cardiac creatine and choline, we added water-suppression cycling (WSC) to two single-voxel spectroscopy sequences (STEAM and PRESS). WSC introduces controlled residual water signals that alternate between positive and negative phases from transient to transient, enabling robust phase and frequency correction. Moreover, a particular weighted sum of transients eliminates residual water signals without baseline distortion. We compared WSC and the vendor's standard 'WET' water suppression in phantoms. Next, we tested repeatability in 10 volunteers (seven males, three females; age 29.3 ± 4.0 years; body mass index [BMI] 23.7 ± 4.1 kg/m2 ). Fat fraction, creatine concentration and choline concentration when quantified by STEAM-WET were 0.30% ± 0.11%, 29.6 ± 7.0 μmol/g and 7.9 ± 6.7 μmol/g, respectively; and when quantified by PRESS-WSC they were 0.30% ± 0.15%, 31.5 ± 3.1 μmol/g and 8.3 ± 4.4 μmol/g, respectively. Compared with STEAM-WET, PRESS-WSC gave spectra whose fitting quality expressed by Cramér-Rao lower bounds improved by 26% for creatine and 32% for choline. Repeatability of metabolite concentration measurements improved by 72% for creatine and 40% for choline. We also compared STEAM-WET and PRESS-WSC in 13 patients with severe symptomatic aortic or mitral stenosis indicated for valve replacement surgery (10 males, three females; age 75.9 ± 6.3 years; BMI 27.4 ± 4.3 kg/m2 ). Spectra were of analysable quality in eight patients for STEAM-WET, and in nine for PRESS-WSC. We observed comparable lipid concentrations with those in healthy volunteers, significantly reduced creatine concentrations, and a trend towards decreased choline concentrations. We conclude that PRESS-WSC offers improved performance and reproducibility for the quantification of cardiac lipids, creatine and choline concentrations in healthy volunteers at 3 T. It also offers improved performance compared with STEAM-WET for detecting altered creatine and choline concentrations in patients with valve disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Ding
- Wolfson Brain Imaging CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR)University of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Mark Peterzan
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR)University of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Ferenc E. Mózes
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR)University of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Oliver J. Rider
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR)University of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Ladislav Valkovič
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR)University of OxfordOxfordUK
- Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurement ScienceSlovak Academy of SciencesBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Christopher T. Rodgers
- Wolfson Brain Imaging CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR)University of OxfordOxfordUK
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5
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Chiang DY, Lahiri S, Wang G, Karch J, Wang MC, Jung SY, Heck AJR, Scholten A, Wehrens XHT. Phosphorylation-Dependent Interactome of Ryanodine Receptor Type 2 in the Heart. Proteomes 2021; 9:proteomes9020027. [PMID: 34200203 PMCID: PMC8293434 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes9020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperphosphorylation of the calcium release channel/ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) at serine 2814 (S2814) is associated with multiple cardiac diseases including atrial fibrillation and heart failure. Despite recent advances, the molecular mechanisms driving pathological changes associated with RyR2 S2814 phosphorylation are still not well understood. Methods: Using affinity-purification coupled to mass spectrometry (AP-MS), we investigated the RyR2 interactome in ventricles from wild-type (WT) mice and two S2814 knock-in mutants: the unphosphorylated alanine mutant (S2814A) and hyperphosphorylated mimic aspartic acid mutant (S2814D). Western blots were used for validation. Results: In WT mouse ventricular lysates, we identified 22 proteins which were enriched with RyR2 pull-down relative to both IgG control and no antibody (beads-only) pull-downs. Parallel AP-MS using WT, S2814A, and S2814D mouse ventricles identified 72 proteins, with 20 being high confidence RyR2 interactors. Of these, 14 had an increase in their binding to RyR2 S2814A but a decrease in their binding to RyR2 S2814D. We independently validated three protein hits, Idh3b, Aifm1, and Cpt1b, as RyR2 interactors by western blots and showed that Aifm1 and Idh3b had significantly decreased binding to RyR2 S2814D compared to WT and S2814A, consistent with MS findings. Conclusion: By applying state-of-the-art proteomic approaches, we discovered a number of novel RyR2 interactors in the mouse heart. In addition, we found and defined specific alterations in the RyR2 interactome that were dependent on the phosphorylation status of RyR2 at S2814. These findings yield mechanistic insights into RyR2 regulation which may guide future drug designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Y. Chiang
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Satadru Lahiri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.L.); (G.W.); (J.K.)
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.L.); (G.W.); (J.K.)
| | - Jason Karch
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.L.); (G.W.); (J.K.)
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Meng C. Wang
- Huffington Center on Aging, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sung Y. Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Albert J. R. Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.J.R.H.); (A.S.)
- Netherlands Proteomics Centre, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen Scholten
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.J.R.H.); (A.S.)
- Netherlands Proteomics Centre, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Xander H. T. Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.L.); (G.W.); (J.K.)
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-713-798-4261
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Nguyen TD, Schulze PC. Lipid in the midst of metabolic remodeling - Therapeutic implications for the failing heart. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:120-132. [PMID: 32791076 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A healthy heart relies on an intact cardiac lipid metabolism. Fatty acids represent the major source for ATP production in the heart. Not less importantly, lipids are directly involved in critical processes such as cell growth, proliferation, and cell death by functioning as building blocks or signaling molecules. In the development of heart failure, perturbations in fatty acid utilization impair cardiac energetics. Furthermore, they may affect glucose and amino acid metabolism and induce the synthesis of several lipid intermediates, whose biological functions are still poorly understood. This work outlines the pivotal role of lipid metabolism in the heart and provides a lipocentric view of metabolic remodeling in heart failure. We will also critically revisit therapeutic attempts targeting cardiac lipid metabolism in heart failure and propose specific strategies for future investigations in this regard.
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Heyne E, Schrepper A, Doenst T, Schenkl C, Kreuzer K, Schwarzer M. High-fat diet affects skeletal muscle mitochondria comparable to pressure overload-induced heart failure. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6741-6749. [PMID: 32363733 PMCID: PMC7299710 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In heart failure, high-fat diet (HFD) may exert beneficial effects on cardiac mitochondria and contractility. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction in heart failure is associated with myopathy. However, it is not clear if HFD affects skeletal muscle mitochondria in heart failure as well. To induce heart failure, we used pressure overload (PO) in rats fed normal chow or HFD. Interfibrillar mitochondria (IFM) and subsarcolemmal mitochondria (SSM) from gastrocnemius were isolated and functionally characterized. With PO heart failure, maximal respiratory capacity was impaired in IFM but increased in SSM of gastrocnemius. Unexpectedly, HFD affected mitochondria comparably to PO. In combination, PO and HFD showed additive effects on mitochondrial subpopulations which were reflected by isolated complex activities. While PO impaired diastolic as well as systolic cardiac function and increased glucose tolerance, HFD did not affect cardiac function but decreased glucose tolerance. We conclude that HFD and PO heart failure have comparable effects leading to more severe impairment of IFM. Glucose tolerance seems not causally related to skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction. The additive effects of HFD and PO may suggest accelerated skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction when heart failure is accompanied with a diet containing high fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Heyne
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Andrea Schrepper
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Doenst
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Christina Schenkl
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Katrin Kreuzer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Schwarzer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
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8
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Szibor M, Gizatullina Z, Gainutdinov T, Endres T, Debska-Vielhaber G, Kunz M, Karavasili N, Hallmann K, Schreiber F, Bamberger A, Schwarzer M, Doenst T, Heinze HJ, Lessmann V, Vielhaber S, Kunz WS, Gellerich FN. Cytosolic, but not matrix, calcium is essential for adjustment of mitochondrial pyruvate supply. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:4383-4397. [PMID: 32094224 PMCID: PMC7135991 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and cellular workload are tightly balanced by the key cellular regulator, calcium (Ca2+). Current models assume that cytosolic Ca2+ regulates workload and that mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake precedes activation of matrix dehydrogenases, thereby matching OXPHOS substrate supply to ATP demand. Surprisingly, knockout (KO) of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) in mice results in only minimal phenotypic changes and does not alter OXPHOS. This implies that adaptive activation of mitochondrial dehydrogenases by intramitochondrial Ca2+ cannot be the exclusive mechanism for OXPHOS control. We hypothesized that cytosolic Ca2+, but not mitochondrial matrix Ca2+, may adapt OXPHOS to workload by adjusting the rate of pyruvate supply from the cytosol to the mitochondria. Here, we studied the role of malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS)-dependent substrate supply in OXPHOS responses to changing Ca2+ concentrations in isolated brain and heart mitochondria, synaptosomes, fibroblasts, and thymocytes from WT and MCU KO mice and the isolated working rat heart. Our results indicate that extramitochondrial Ca2+ controls up to 85% of maximal pyruvate-driven OXPHOS rates, mediated by the activity of the complete MAS, and that intramitochondrial Ca2+ accounts for the remaining 15%. Of note, the complete MAS, as applied here, included besides its classical NADH oxidation reaction the generation of cytosolic pyruvate. Part of this largely neglected mechanism has previously been described as the “mitochondrial gas pedal.” Its implementation into OXPHOS control models integrates seemingly contradictory results and warrants a critical reappraisal of metabolic control mechanisms in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marten Szibor
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Zemfira Gizatullina
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Timur Gainutdinov
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,Research Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420087, Russia
| | - Thomas Endres
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Matthias Kunz
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Niki Karavasili
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hallmann
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Frank Schreiber
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Bamberger
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Schwarzer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Doenst
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Hans-Jochen Heinze
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Volkmar Lessmann
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Vielhaber
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Wolfram S Kunz
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Frank N Gellerich
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany .,Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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9
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Wang C, Yuan Y, Wu J, Zhao Y, Gao X, Chen Y, Sun C, Xiao L, Zheng P, Hu P, Li Z, Wang Z, Ye J, Zhang L. Plin5 deficiency exacerbates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure by enhancing myocardial fatty acid oxidation and oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 141:372-382. [PMID: 31291602 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
While cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure are accompanied by significant alterations in energy metabolism, more than 50-70% of energy is obtained from fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) in adult hearts under physiological conditions. Plin5 is involved in the metabolism of lipid droplets (LDs) and is highly abundant in oxidative tissues including heart, liver and skeletal muscle. Plin5 protects the storage of triglyceride (TG) in LDs by inhibiting lipolysis, thereby suppressing excess FAO and preventing excessive oxidative stress in the heart. In this study, we investigated the roles of Plin5 in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure in mice treated with transverse aortic constriction (TAC). The results indicated that Plin5 deficiency aggravated myocardial hypertrophy in the TAC-treated mice and exacerbated the TAC-induced heart failure. We also found that Plin5 deficiency reduced the cardiac lipid accumulation and upregulated the levels of PPARα and PGC-1α, which stimulate mitochondrial proliferation. Moreover, Plin5 deficiency aggravated the TAC-induced oxidative stress. We consistently found that Plin5 knockdown disrupted TG storage and elevated FAO and lipolysis in H9C2 rat cardiomyocytes. In addition, Plin5 knockdown also provoked mitochondrial proliferation and lipotoxic injury in H9C2 cells. In conclusion, Plin5 deficiency increases myocardial lipolysis, elevates FAO and oxidative burden, and thereby exacerbates cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure in TAC-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Pathology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China; State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Pathology, No.944 Hospital of PLA, Jiuquan, 735099, China
| | - Yuanlin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- Department of Pathology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Chao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Liming Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Pengfei Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixteenth Hospital of PLA, Aletai, 836500, China
| | - Peizhen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zengshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
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10
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Abushouk AI, El-Husseny MWA, Bahbah EI, Elmaraezy A, Ali AA, Ashraf A, Abdel-Daim MM. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors as therapeutic targets for heart failure. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:692-700. [PMID: 28886529 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a common clinical syndrome that affects more than 23 million individuals worldwide. Despite the marked advances in its management, the mortality rates in HF patients have remained unacceptably high. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear transcription regulators, involved in the regulation of fatty acid and glucose metabolism. PPAR agonists are currently used for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia; however, their role as therapeutic agents for HF remains under investigation. Preclinical studies have shown that pharmacological modulation of PPARs can upregulate the expression of fatty acid oxidation genes in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, PPAR agonists were proven able to improve ventricular contractility and reduce cardiac remodelling in animal models through their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-fibrotic, and anti-apoptotic activities. Whether these effects can be replicated in humans is yet to be proven. This article reviews the interactions of PPARs with the pathophysiological mechanisms of HF and how the pharmacological modulation of these receptors can be of benefit for HF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eshak I Bahbah
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elmaraezy
- NovaMed Medical Research Association, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya Ashraf Ali
- Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt; Minia Medical Research Society, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Ashraf
- Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt; Minia Medical Research Society, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; Department of Ophthalmology and Micro-Technology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
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11
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Singh S, Schwarz K, Horowitz J, Frenneaux M. Cardiac energetic impairment in heart disease and the potential role of metabolic modulators: a review for clinicians. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 7:720-8. [PMID: 25518045 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.114.000221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac energetic impairment is a frequent finding in patients with both inherited and acquired diseases of heart muscle. In this review the mechanisms of energy generation in the healthy heart and their disturbances in heart muscle diseases are described. Therapeutic agents targeted at correcting cardiac energetic impairment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satnam Singh
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom (S.S., K.S., M.F.); and Cardiology Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia (J.H.)
| | - Konstantin Schwarz
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom (S.S., K.S., M.F.); and Cardiology Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia (J.H.)
| | - John Horowitz
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom (S.S., K.S., M.F.); and Cardiology Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia (J.H.)
| | - Michael Frenneaux
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom (S.S., K.S., M.F.); and Cardiology Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia (J.H.).
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12
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Carley AN, Taglieri DM, Bi J, Solaro RJ, Lewandowski ED. Metabolic efficiency promotes protection from pressure overload in hearts expressing slow skeletal troponin I. Circ Heart Fail 2014; 8:119-27. [PMID: 25424393 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.114.001496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The failing heart displays increased glycolytic flux that is not matched by a commensurate increase in glucose oxidation. This mismatch induces increased anaplerotic flux and inefficient glucose metabolism. We previously found adult transgenic mouse hearts expressing the fetal troponin I isoform, (ssTnI) to be protected from ischemia by increased glycolysis. In this study, we investigated the metabolic response of adult mouse hearts expressing ssTnI to chronic pressure overload. METHODS AND RESULTS At 2 to 3 months of age, ssTnI mice or their nontransgenic littermates underwent aortic constriction (TAC). TAC induced a 25% increase in nontransgenic heart size but only a 7% increase in ssTnI hearts (P<0.05). Nontransgenic TAC developed diastolic dysfunction (65% increase in E/A ratio), whereas the E/A ratio actually decreased in ssTnI TAC. Isolated perfused hearts from nontransgenic TAC mice showed reduced cardiac function and reduced creatine phosphate:ATP (16% reduction), but ssTnI TAC hearts maintained cardiac function and energy charge. Contrasting nontransgenic TAC, ssTnI TAC significantly increased glucose oxidation at the expense of palmitate oxidation, preventing the increase in anaplerosis observed in nontransgenic TAC hearts. Elevated glucose oxidation was mediated by a reduction in pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 expression, enabling pyruvate dehydrogenase to compete against anaplerotic enzymes for pyruvate carboxylation. CONCLUSIONS Expression of a single fetal myofilament protein into adulthood in the ssTnI-transgenic mouse heart induced downregulation of the gene expression response for pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase to pressure overload. The consequence of elevated pyruvate oxidation in ssTnI during TAC reduced anaplerotic flux, ameliorating inefficiencies in glucose oxidation, with energetic and functional protection against cardiac decompensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Carley
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine
| | - Domenico M Taglieri
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine
| | - Jian Bi
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine
| | - R John Solaro
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine
| | - E Douglas Lewandowski
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine.
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13
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Doehner W, Frenneaux M, Anker SD. Metabolic impairment in heart failure: the myocardial and systemic perspective. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 64:1388-400. [PMID: 25257642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.04.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although bioenergetic starvation is not a new concept in heart failure (HF), recent research has led to a growing appreciation of the complexity of metabolic aspects of HF pathophysiology. All steps of energy extraction, transfer, and utilization are affected, and structural metabolism is impaired, leading to compromised functional integrity of tissues. Not only the myocardium, but also peripheral tissues and organs are affected by metabolic failure, resulting in a global imbalance between catabolic and anabolic signals, leading to tissue wasting and, ultimately, to cachexia. Metabolic feedback signals from muscle and fat actively contribute to further myocardial strain, promoting disease progression. The prolonged survival of patients with stable, compensated HF will increasingly bring chronic metabolic complications of HF to the fore and gradually shift its clinical presentation. This paper reviews recent evidence on myocardial and systemic metabolic impairment in HF and summarizes current and emerging therapeutic concepts with specific metabolic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Doehner
- Centre for Stroke Research Berlin and Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Michael Frenneaux
- University of Aberdeen School of Medicine and Dentistry, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan D Anker
- Department of Innovative Clinical Trials, University Medical Centre, Göttingen, Germany
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14
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Abstract
The heart consumes huge amounts of energy to fulfil its function as a relentless pump. A highly sophisticated system of energy generation based on flexibility of substrate use and efficient energy production, effective energy sensing and energy transfer ensures function of the healthy heart across a range of physiological situations. In left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure, these processes become disturbed, leading as will be discussed to impaired cardiac energetic status and to further impairment of cardiac function. These metabolic disturbances form a potential target for therapy.
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15
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Schwarzer M, Schrepper A, Amorim PA, Osterholt M, Doenst T. Pressure overload differentially affects respiratory capacity in interfibrillar and subsarcolemmal mitochondria. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2012; 304:H529-37. [PMID: 23241325 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00699.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Years ago a debate arose as to whether two functionally different mitochondrial subpopulations, subsarcolemmal mitochondria (SSM) and interfibrillar mitochondria (IFM), exist in heart muscle. Nowadays potential differences are often ignored. Presumably, SSM are providing ATP for basic cell function, whereas IFM provide energy for the contractile apparatus. We speculated that two distinguishable subpopulations exist that are differentially affected by pressure overload. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to transverse aortic constriction for 20 wk or sham operation. Contractile function was assessed by echocardiography. Heart tissue was analyzed by electron microscopy. Mitochondria were isolated by differential centrifugation, and respiratory capacity was analyzed using a Clark electrode. Pressure overload induced left ventricular hypertrophy with increased posterior wall diameter and impaired contractile function. Mitochondrial state 3 respiration in control was 50% higher in IFM than in SSM. Pressure overload significantly impaired respiratory rates in both IFM and SSM, but in SSM to a lower extent. As a result, there were no differences between SSM and IFM after 20 wk of pressure overload. Pressure overload reduced total citrate synthase activity, suggesting reduced total mitochondrial content. Electron microscopy revealed normal morphology of mitochondria but reduced total mitochondrial volume density. In conclusion, IFM show greater respiratory capacity in the healthy rat heart and a greater depression of respiratory capacity by pressure overload than SSM. The differences in respiratory capacity of cardiac IFM and SSM in healthy hearts are eliminated with pressure overload-induced heart failure. The strong effect of pressure overload on IFM together with the simultaneous appearance of mitochondrial and contractile dysfunction may support the notion of IFM primarily producing ATP for contractile function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schwarzer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
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16
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He L, Kim T, Long Q, Liu J, Wang P, Zhou Y, Ding Y, Prasain J, Wood PA, Yang Q. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1b deficiency aggravates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy caused by lipotoxicity. Circulation 2012; 126:1705-16. [PMID: 22932257 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.111.075978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1) is a rate-limiting step of mitochondrial β-oxidation by controlling the mitochondrial uptake of long-chain acyl-CoAs. The muscle isoform, CPT1b, is the predominant isoform expressed in the heart. It has been suggested that inhibiting CPT1 activity by specific CPT1 inhibitors exerts protective effects against cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. However, clinical and animal studies have shown mixed results, thereby creating concerns about the safety of this class of drugs. Preclinical studies using genetically modified animal models should provide a better understanding of targeting CPT1 to evaluate it as a safe and effective therapeutic approach. METHODS AND RESULTS Heterozygous CPT1b knockout (CPT1b(+/-)) mice were subjected to transverse aorta constriction-induced pressure overload. These mice showed overtly normal cardiac structure/function under the basal condition. Under a severe pressure-overload condition induced by 2 weeks of transverse aorta constriction, CPT1b(+/-) mice were susceptible to premature death with congestive heart failure. Under a milder pressure-overload condition, CPT1b(+/-) mice exhibited exacerbated cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling compared with wild-type littermates. There were more pronounced impairments of cardiac contraction with greater eccentric cardiac hypertrophy in CPT1b(+/-) mice than in control mice. Moreover, the CPT1b(+/-) heart exhibited exacerbated mitochondrial abnormalities and myocardial lipid accumulation with elevated triglycerides and ceramide content, leading to greater cardiomyocyte apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS CPT1b deficiency can cause lipotoxicity in the heart under pathological stress, leading to exacerbation of cardiac pathology. Therefore, caution should be exercised in the clinical use of CPT1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan He
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1675 University Blvd, Webb 435, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA.
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17
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Sarma S, Ardehali H, Gheorghiade M. Enhancing the metabolic substrate: PPAR-alpha agonists in heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 2012; 17:35-43. [PMID: 21104312 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-010-9208-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis for patients diagnosed with heart failure has significantly improved over the past three decades; however, the disease still confers a high degree of morbidity and mortality. Current treatments for chronic heart failure have focused primarily on blocking neurohormonal signaling and optimizing hemodynamic parameters. Although significant resources have been devoted toward the development of new pharmaceutical therapies for heart failure, few new drugs have been designed to target myocardial metabolic pathways despite growing evidence that on a fundamental level chronic heart failure can be characterized as an imbalance between myocardial energy demand and supply. Disruptions in myocardial energy pathways are evident as the myocardium is unable to generate sufficient amounts of ATP with advancing stages of heart failure. Down-regulation of fatty acid oxidation likely contributes to the phenotype of the "energy starved" heart. Fibrates are small molecule agonists of PPARα pathways that have been used to treat dyslipidemia. Although never used therapeutically in clinical heart failure, PPARα agonists have been shown to enhance fatty acid oxidation, improve endothelial cell function, and decrease myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy in animal models of heart failure. In light of their excellent clinical safety profile, PPARα agonists may improve outcomes in patients suffering from systolic heart failure by augmenting myocardial ATP production in addition to targeting maladaptive hypertrophic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyam Sarma
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University, 251 East Huron, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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18
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Schoepe M, Schrepper A, Schwarzer M, Osterholt M, Doenst T. Exercise can induce temporary mitochondrial and contractile dysfunction linked to impaired respiratory chain complex activity. Metabolism 2012; 61:117-26. [PMID: 21816448 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Revised: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Exercise is considered to elicit a physiological response of the heart. Previous studies investigated the influence of repetitive exercise only at the end of the training period. We assessed the impact of 2 exercise protocols, differing in their treadmill inclination, on cardiac and mitochondrial function at different times during the training period. Within 10 weeks, animals trained with 16% incline developed hypertrophy (left ventricular posterior wall thickness: 1.6 ± 0.1 vs 2.4 ± 0.1 mm; P < .05) with normal function (ejection fraction: 75.2% ± 2.5% vs 75.6% ± 2.1%). However, at 6 weeks, there was temporary impairment of contractile function (ejection fraction: 74.5% ± 1.67% vs 65.8% ± 2.3%; P < .05) associated with decreased mitochondrial respiratory capacity (state 3 respiration: 326 ± 71 vs 161 ± 22 natoms/[min mg protein]; P < .05) and a gene expression shift from the adult (α) to the fetal (β) myosin heavy chain isoform. Although peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α expression was normal, nuclear respiratory factors (NRFs)-1 and -2 were significantly reduced (NRF-1: 1.00 ± 0.16 vs 0.55 ± 0.09; NRF-2: 1.00 ± 0.11 vs 0.63 ± 0.07; P < .05) after 6 weeks. These findings were associated with a reduction of electron transport chain complexes I and IV activity (complex I: 1016 ± 67 vs 758 ± 71 nmol/[min mg protein]; complex IV: 18768 ± 1394 vs 14692 ± 960 nmol/[min mg protein]; P < .05). Messenger RNA expression of selected nuclear encoded subunits of the electron transport chain was unchanged at all investigated time points. In contrast, animals trained with 10% incline showed less hypertrophy and normal function in echocardiography, normal maximal respiratory capacity, and unchanged complex activities at all 3 time points. Repetitive exercise may cause contractile and mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by impaired respiratory chain complex activities. This activity reduction is temporary and intensity related.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Schoepe
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Center Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Germany
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19
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes and obesity are associated with systemic inflammation, generalized enlargement of fat depots, and uncontrolled release of fatty acids (FA) into the circulation. These features support the occurrence of cardiac adiposity, which is characterized by an increase in intramyocardial triglyceride content and an enlargement of the volume of fat surrounding the heart and vessels. Both events may initially serve as protective mechanisms to portion energy, but their excessive expansion can lead to myocardial damage and heart disease. FA overload promotes FA oxidation and the accumulation of triglycerides and metabolic intermediates, which can impair calcium signaling, β-oxidation, and glucose utilization. This leads to damaged mitochondrial function and increased production of reactive oxygen species, pro-apoptotic, and inflammatory molecules, and finally to myocardial inflammation and dysfunction. Triglyceride accumulation is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction. The enlargement of epicardial fat in patients with metabolic disorders, and coronary artery disease, is associated with the release of proinflammatory and proatherogenic cytokines to the subtending tissues. In this review, we examine the evidence supporting a causal relationship linking FA overload and cardiac dysfunction. Also, we disentangle the separate roles of FA oxidation and triglyceride accumulation in causing cardiac damage. Finally, we focus on the mechanisms of inflammation development in the fatty heart, before summarizing the available evidence in humans. Current literature confirms the dual (protective and detrimental) role of cardiac fat, and suggests prospective studies to establish the pathogenetic (when and how) and possible prognostic value of this potential biomarker in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Guzzardi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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20
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Schrepper A, Schwarzer M, Schöpe M, Amorim PA, Doenst T. Biphasic response of skeletal muscle mitochondria to chronic cardiac pressure overload - role of respiratory chain complex activity. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2011; 52:125-35. [PMID: 22100228 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2011.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Revised: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Pressure overload induced heart failure affects cardiac mitochondrial function and leads to decreased respiratory capacity during contractile dysfunction. A similar cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction has been demonstrated by studies which induce heart failure through myocardial infarction or pacing. These heart failure models differ in their loading conditions to the heart and show nevertheless the same cardiac mitochondrial changes. Based on these observations we speculated that a workload independent mechanism may be responsible for the impairment in mitochondrial function after pressure overload, which may then also affect the skeletal muscle. We aimed to characterize changes in mitochondrial function of skeletal muscle during the transition from pressure overload (PO) induced cardiac hypertrophy to chronic heart failure. PO by transverse aortic constriction caused compensated hypertrophy at 2 weeks, HF with normal ejection fraction (EF) at 6 and 10 weeks, and hypertrophy with reduced EF at 20 weeks. Cardiac output was normal at all investigated time points. PO did not cause skeletal muscle atrophy. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles showed an early increase (up to 6 weeks) and a later decline (significant at 20 weeks). Respiratory chain complex activities responded to PO in a biphasic manner. At 2 weeks, activity of complexes I and II was increased. These changes pseudo-normalized within the 6-10 week interval. At 20 weeks, all complexes showed reduced activities which coincided with clinical heart failure symptoms. However, both protein expression and supercomplex assembly (Blue-Native gel) remained normal. There were also no relevant changes in mRNA expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. This temporal analysis reveals that mitochondrial function of skeletal muscle is changed early in the development of pressure overload induced heart failure without being directly influenced by an increased loading condition. The observed early increase and the later decline in respiratory capacity can be explained by concomitant activity changes of complex I and complex II and is not due to differences in gene expression or supercomplex assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Schrepper
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
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21
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Bucci M, Borra R, Någren K, Pärkkä JP, Del Ry S, Maggio R, Tuunanen H, Viljanen T, Cabiati M, Rigazio S, Taittonen M, Pagotto U, Parkkola R, Opie LH, Nuutila P, Knuuti J, Iozzo P. Trimetazidine reduces endogenous free fatty acid oxidation and improves myocardial efficiency in obese humans. Cardiovasc Ther 2011; 30:333-41. [PMID: 21884010 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-5922.2011.00275.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The metabolic modulator trimetazidine (TMZ) has been suggested to induce a metabolic shift from myocardial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) to glucose utilization, but this mechanism remains unproven in humans. The oxidation of plasma derived FA is commonly measured in humans, whereas the contribution of FA from triglycerides stored in the myocardium has been poorly characterized. AIMS To verify the hypothesis that TMZ induces a metabolic shift, we combined positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) to measure myocardial FAO from plasma and intracellular lipids, and myocardial glucose metabolism. Nine obese subjects were studied before and after 1 month of TMZ treatment. Myocardial glucose and FA metabolism were assessed by PET with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose and (11)C-palmitate. (1)H-MRS was used to measure myocardial lipids, the latter being integrated into the PET data analysis to quantify myocardial triglyceride turnover. RESULTS Myocardial FAO derived from intracellular lipids was at least equal to that of plasma FAs (P = NS). BMI and cardiac work were positively associated with the oxidation of plasma derived FA (P ≤ 0.01). TMZ halved total and triglyceride-derived myocardial FAO (32.7 ± 8.0 to 19.6 ± 4.0 μmol/min and 23.7 ± 7.5 to 10.3 ± 2.7 μmol/min, respectively; P ≤ 0.05). These changes were accompanied by increased cardiac efficiency since unchanged LV work (1.6 ± 0.2 to 1.6 ± 0.1 Watt/g × 10(2), NS) was associated with decreased work energy from the intramyocardial triglyceride oxidation (1.6 ± 0.5 to 0.4 ± 0.1 Watt/g × 10(2), P = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS In obese subjects, we demonstrate that myocardial intracellular triglyceride oxidation significantly provides FA-derived energy for mechanical work. TMZ reduced the oxidation of triglyceride-derived myocardial FAs improving myocardial efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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22
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Carll AP, Willis MS, Lust RM, Costa DL, Farraj AK. Merits of non-invasive rat models of left ventricular heart failure. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2011; 11:91-112. [PMID: 21279739 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-011-9103-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is characterized as a limitation to cardiac output that prevents the heart from supplying tissues with adequate oxygen and predisposes individuals to pulmonary edema. Impaired cardiac function is secondary to either decreased contractility reducing ejection (systolic failure), diminished ventricular compliance preventing filling (diastolic failure), or both. To study HF etiology, many different techniques have been developed to elicit this condition in experimental animals, with varying degrees of success. Among rats, surgically induced HF models are the most prevalent, but they bear several shortcomings, including high mortality rates and limited recapitulation of the pathophysiology, etiology, and progression of human HF. Alternatively, a number of non-invasive HF induction methods avoid many of these pitfalls, and their merits in technical simplicity, reliability, survivability, and comparability to the pathophysiologic and pathogenic characteristics of HF are reviewed herein. In particular, this review focuses on the primary pathogenic mechanisms common to genetic strains (spontaneously hypertensive and spontaneously hypertensive heart failure), pharmacological models of toxic cardiomyopathy (doxorubicin and isoproterenol), and dietary salt models, all of which have been shown to induce left ventricular HF in the rat. Additional non-invasive techniques that may potentially enable the development of new HF models are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex P Carll
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599 USA.
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23
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24
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Abstract
In the advanced stages of heart failure, many key enzymes involved in myocardial energy substrate metabolism display various degrees of down-regulation. The net effect of the altered metabolic phenotype consists of reduced cardiac fatty oxidation, increased glycolysis and glucose oxidation, and rigidity of the metabolic response to changes in workload. Is this metabolic shift an adaptive mechanism that protects the heart or a maladaptive process that accelerates structural and functional derangement? The question remains open; however, the metabolic remodelling of the failing heart has induced a number of investigators to test the hypothesis that pharmacological modulation of myocardial substrate utilization might prove therapeutically advantageous. The present review addresses the effects of indirect and direct modulators of fatty acid (FA) oxidation, which are the best pharmacological agents available to date for 'metabolic therapy' of failing hearts. Evidence for the efficacy of therapeutic strategies based on modulators of FA metabolism is mixed, pointing to the possibility that the molecular/biochemical alterations induced by these pharmacological agents are more complex than originally thought. Much remains to be understood; however, the beneficial effects of molecules such as perhexiline and trimetazidine in small clinical trials indicate that this promising therapeutic strategy is worthy of further pursuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Lionetti
- Gruppo Intini-SMA Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
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25
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Doenst T, Amorim PA. Metabolic therapy in cardiac surgery--"Optimizing the engine's fuel supply and more...". SCAND CARDIOVASC J 2010; 44:4-8. [PMID: 20141343 DOI: 10.3109/14017430903469928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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26
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Shingu Y, Amorim P, Nguyen TD, Mohr FW, Schwarzer M, Doenst T. Myocardial performance (Tei) index is normal in diastolic and systolic heart failure induced by pressure overload in rats. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY 2010; 11:829-33. [DOI: 10.1093/ejechocard/jeq077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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27
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Schwarzer M, Britton SL, Koch LG, Wisloff U, Doenst T. Low intrinsic aerobic exercise capacity and systemic insulin resistance are not associated with changes in myocardial substrate oxidation or insulin sensitivity. Basic Res Cardiol 2010; 105:357-64. [PMID: 20135131 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-010-0087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2009] [Revised: 01/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In patients, inactivity, obesity and insulin resistance are associated with increased incidence of heart failure. Rats selectively bred for low (LCR) intrinsic aerobic exercise capacity show signs of the metabolic syndrome including insulin resistance, compared to their counterparts bred for high intrinsic aerobic capacity (HCR). We reasoned that systemic insulin resistance in LCR should translate to impaired substrate oxidation and reduced insulin sensitivity in the heart. Isolated hearts were perfused in the working mode to analyze cardiac function, substrate oxidation patterns, insulin response, and oxygen consumption. After 22 generations of selective breeding, LCR displayed reduction of exercise capacity (LCR vs. HCR: distance 280 +/- 12 vs. 1,968 +/- 63 m, time 19.5 +/- 0.6 vs. 71.7 +/- 1.4 min, speed 19.2 +/- 0.3 vs. 45.3 +/- 0.7 m/min; all p < 0.05). At 21 weeks, body weight (+34%), tibia length (+6%), heart weight (+31%), and heart weight to tibia length ratio (+24%; all p < 0.05) were increased. LCR display higher random glucose, higher fasting glucose, and higher insulin levels in serum than HCR indicating the presence of insulin resistance in LCR. Here, in contrast, isolated hearts showed no differences in glucose (0.22 +/- 0.02 micromol/min/g dry) or fatty acid oxidation (0.79 +/- 0.10 micromol/min/g dry), oxygen consumption (28.3 +/- 4.1 nmol O(2)/min/g dry) or cardiac power (18.6 +/- 1.6 mW/g dry). Furthermore, sensitivity to insulin (Deltaglucose oxidation: +0.57 +/- 0.095 mumol/min/g dry) was not different between the two populations. Low intrinsic exercise capacity and systemic insulin resistance in rats are not associated with changes in cardiac substrate oxidation, insulin sensitivity, oxygen consumption, or cardiac function. The lack of cardiac insulin resistance in the face of systemic insulin resistance supports a concept of different pathomechanisms for these two conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schwarzer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Leipzig Heart Center, 04178 Leipzig, Germany
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28
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Doenst T, Pytel G, Schrepper A, Amorim P, Färber G, Shingu Y, Mohr FW, Schwarzer M. Decreased rates of substrate oxidation ex vivo predict the onset of heart failure and contractile dysfunction in rats with pressure overload. Cardiovasc Res 2009; 86:461-70. [PMID: 20035032 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvp414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Left ventricular hypertrophy is a risk factor for heart failure. However, it also is a compensatory response to pressure overload, accommodating for increased workload. We tested whether the changes in energy substrate metabolism may be predictive for the development of contractile dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS Chronic pressure overload was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by aortic arch constriction for 2, 6, 10, or 20 weeks. Contractile function in vivo was assessed by echocardiography and by invasive pressure measurement. Glucose and fatty acid oxidation as well as contractile function ex vivo were assessed in the isolated working heart, and respiratory capacity was measured in isolated cardiac mitochondria. Pressure overload caused progressive hypertrophy with normal ejection fraction (EF) at 2, 6, and 10 weeks, and hypertrophy with dilation and impaired EF at 20 weeks. The lung-to-body weight ratio, as marker for pulmonary congestion, was normal at 2 weeks (indicative of compensated hypertrophy) but significantly increased already after 6 and up to 20 weeks, suggesting the presence of heart failure with normal EF at 6 and 10 weeks and impaired EF at 20 weeks. Invasive pressure measurements showed evidence for contractile dysfunction already after 6 weeks and ex vivo cardiac power was reduced even at 2 weeks. Importantly, there was impairment in fatty acid oxidation beginning at 2 weeks, which was associated with a progressive decrease in glucose oxidation. In contrast, respiratory capacity of isolated mitochondria was normal until 10 weeks and decreased only in hearts with impaired EF. CONCLUSION Pressure overload-induced impairment in fatty acid oxidation precedes the onset of congestive heart failure but mitochondrial respiratory capacity is maintained until the EF decreases in vivo. These temporal relations suggest a tight link between impaired substrate oxidation capacity in the development of heart failure and contractile dysfunction and may imply therapeutic and prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Doenst
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Leipzig, Heart Center Leipzig, Strümpellstr. 39, 04289 Leipzig, Germany.
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Bugger H, Schwarzer M, Chen D, Schrepper A, Amorim PA, Schoepe M, Nguyen TD, Mohr FW, Khalimonchuk O, Weimer BC, Doenst T. Proteomic remodelling of mitochondrial oxidative pathways in pressure overload-induced heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2009; 85:376-84. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvp344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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