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Collins HE, Alexander BT, Care AS, Davenport MH, Davidge ST, Eghbali M, Giussani DA, Hoes MF, Julian CG, LaVoie HA, Olfert IM, Ozanne SE, Bytautiene Prewit E, Warrington JP, Zhang L, Goulopoulou S. Guidelines for assessing maternal cardiovascular physiology during pregnancy and postpartum. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 327:H191-H220. [PMID: 38758127 PMCID: PMC11380979 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00055.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Maternal mortality rates are at an all-time high across the world and are set to increase in subsequent years. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death during pregnancy and postpartum, especially in the United States. Therefore, understanding the physiological changes in the cardiovascular system during normal pregnancy is necessary to understand disease-related pathology. Significant systemic and cardiovascular physiological changes occur during pregnancy that are essential for supporting the maternal-fetal dyad. The physiological impact of pregnancy on the cardiovascular system has been examined in both experimental animal models and in humans. However, there is a continued need in this field of study to provide increased rigor and reproducibility. Therefore, these guidelines aim to provide information regarding best practices and recommendations to accurately and rigorously measure cardiovascular physiology during normal and cardiovascular disease-complicated pregnancies in human and animal models.
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Grants
- HL169157 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01 HD088590 NICHD NIH HHS
- HD083132 HHS | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
- Jewish Heritage Fund for Excellence
- The Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- P20GM103499 HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- British Heart Foundation (BHF)
- R21 HD111908 NICHD NIH HHS
- Distinguished University Professor
- The Lister Insititute
- ES032920 HHS | NIH | National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
- Canadian Insitute's of Health Research Foundation Grant
- HL149608 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- Royal Society (The Royal Society)
- U.S. Department of Defense (DOD)
- HL138181 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- MC_00014/4 UKRI | Medical Research Council (MRC)
- HD111908 HHS | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
- HL163003 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- APP2002129 NHMRC Ideas Grant
- HL159865 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- HL131182 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- HL163818 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- NS103017 HHS | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
- HL143459 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- HL146562 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01 HL138181 NHLBI NIH HHS
- 20CSA35320107 American Heart Association (AHA)
- RG/17/12/33167 British Heart Foundation (BHF)
- National Heart Foundation Future Leader Fellowship
- P20GM121334 HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- HL146562-04S1 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- HL155295 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- HD088590-06 HHS | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
- HL147844 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- WVU SOM Synergy Grant
- R01 HL146562 NHLBI NIH HHS
- HL159447 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- ES034646-01 HHS | NIH | National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
- HL150472 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- 2021T017 Dutch Heart Foundation Dekker Grant
- R01 HL163003 NHLBI NIH HHS
- Christenson professor In Active Healthy Living
- National Heart Foundation
- Dutch Heart Foundation Dekker
- WVU SOM Synergy
- Jewish Heritage
- Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
- Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Instituts de recherche en santé du Canada)
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Collins
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States
| | - Barbara T Alexander
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Alison S Care
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | | | - Mansoureh Eghbali
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | | | | | - Colleen G Julian
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Holly A LaVoie
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - I Mark Olfert
- West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States
| | | | | | - Junie P Warrington
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States
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2
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Xie J, Zheng C, Shen M, Lu W, Li M, He M, Chen L, Ma S, Zhu Y, Lin H, Xiu J, Liao W, Bin J, Liao Y. Pregnancy-induced physiological hypertrophic preconditioning attenuates pathological myocardial hypertrophy by activation of FoxO3a. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:267. [PMID: 37626241 PMCID: PMC11072725 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04909-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies show a woman's pregnancy is correlated with post-reproductive longevity, and nulliparity is associated with higher risk of incident heart failure, suggesting pregnancy likely exerts a cardioprotection. We previously reported a cardioprotective phenomenon termed myocardial hypertrophic preconditioning, but it is unknown whether pregnancy-induced physiological hypertrophic preconditioning (PHP) can also protect the heart against subsequent pathological hypertrophic stress. We aimed to clarify the phenomenon of PHP and its mechanisms. The pluripara mice whose pregnancy-induced physiological hypertrophy regressed and the nulliparous mice underwent angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion or transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Echocardiography, invasive left ventricular hemodynamic measurement and histological analysis were used to evaluate cardiac remodeling and function. Silencing or overexpression of Foxo3 by adeno-associated virus was used to investigate the role of FoxO3a involved in the antihypertrophic effect. Compared with nulliparous mice, pathological cardiac hypertrophy induced by Ang II infusion, or TAC was significantly attenuated and heart failure induced by TAC was markedly improved in mice with PHP. Activation of FoxO3a was significantly enhanced in the hearts of postpartum mice. FoxO3a inhibited myocardial hypertrophy by suppressing signaling pathway of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (p-GSK3β)/β-catenin/Cyclin D1. Silencing or overexpression of Foxo3 attenuated or enhanced the anti-hypertrophic effect of PHP in mice with pathological stimulation. Our findings demonstrate that PHP confers resistance to subsequent hypertrophic stress and slows progression to heart failure through activation of FoxO3a/GSK3β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Xie
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Branch Center of National Geriatric Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Cankun Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Mengjia Shen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Weiling Lu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Branch Center of National Geriatric Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Mingjue Li
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Mingyuan He
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Siyuan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yingqi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hairuo Lin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiancheng Xiu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jianping Bin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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3
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Collins HE. Female cardiovascular biology and resilience in the setting of physiological and pathological stress. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102747. [PMID: 37216702 PMCID: PMC10209889 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
For years, females were thought of as smaller men with complex hormonal cycles; as a result, females have been largely excluded from preclinical and clinical research. However, in the last ten years, with the increased focus on sex as a biological variable, it has become clear that this is not the case, and in fact, male and female cardiovascular biology and cardiac stress responses differ substantially. Premenopausal women are protected from cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction and resultant heart failure, having preserved cardiac function, reduced adverse remodeling, and increased survival. Many underlying biological processes that contribute to ventricular remodeling differ between the sexes, such as cellular metabolism; immune cell responses; cardiac fibrosis and extracellular matrix remodeling; cardiomyocyte dysfunction; and endothelial biology; however, it is unclear how these changes afford protection to the female heart. Although many of these changes are dependent on protection provided by female sex hormones, several of these changes occur independent of sex hormones, suggesting that the nature of these changes is more complex than initially thought. This may be why studies focused on the cardiovascular benefits of hormone replacement therapy in post-menopausal women have provided mixed results. Some of the complexity likely stems from the fact that the cellular composition of the heart is sexually dimorphic and that in the setting of MI, different subpopulations of these cell types are apparent. Despite the documented sex-differences in cardiovascular (patho)physiology, the underlying mechanisms that contribute are largely unknown due to inconsistent findings amongst investigators and, in some cases, lack of rigor in reporting and consideration of sex-dependent variables. Therefore, this review aims to describe current understanding of the sex-dependent differences in the myocardium in response to physiological and pathological stressors, with a focus on the sex-dependent differences that contribute to post-infarction remodeling and resultant functional decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Collins
- Center for Cardiometabolic Science, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Delia B. Baxter Research Building, University of Louisville, 580 S. Preston S, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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4
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Sławek-Szmyt S, Kawka-Paciorkowska K, Ciepłucha A, Lesiak M, Ropacka-Lesiak M. Preeclampsia and Fetal Growth Restriction as Risk Factors of Future Maternal Cardiovascular Disease-A Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:6048. [PMID: 36294369 PMCID: PMC9605579 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11206048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death in women worldwide. Although traditional risk factors increase later-life CVD, pregnancy-associated complications additionally influence future CVD risk in women. Adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction (FGR), are interrelated disorders caused by placental dysfunction, maternal cardiovascular maladaptation to pregnancy, and maternal abnormalities such as endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, hypercoagulability, and vasospasm. The pathophysiologic pathways of some pregnancy complications and CVDs might be linked. This review aimed to highlight the associations between specific adverse pregnancy outcomes and future CVD and emphasize the importance of considering pregnancy history in assessing a woman's CVD risk. Moreover, we wanted to underline the role of maternal cardiovascular maladaptation in the development of specific pregnancy complications such as FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Sławek-Szmyt
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Aleksandra Ciepłucha
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Lesiak
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariola Ropacka-Lesiak
- Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
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5
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Majka M, Kleibert M, Wojciechowska M. Impact of the Main Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Plasma Extracellular Vesicles and Their Influence on the Heart's Vulnerability to Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cells 2021; 10:3331. [PMID: 34943838 PMCID: PMC8699798 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of cardiovascular deaths are associated with acute coronary syndrome, especially ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Therapeutic reperfusion alone can contribute up to 40 percent of total infarct size following coronary artery occlusion, which is called ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Its size depends on many factors, including the main risk factors of cardiovascular mortality, such as age, sex, systolic blood pressure, smoking, and total cholesterol level as well as obesity, diabetes, and physical effort. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-coated particles released by every type of cell, which can carry content that affects the functioning of other tissues. Their role is essential in the communication between healthy and dysfunctional cells. In this article, data on the variability of the content of EVs in patients with the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors is presented, and their influence on IRI is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miłosz Majka
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Marcin Kleibert
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Małgorzata Wojciechowska
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.K.)
- Invasive Cardiology Unit, Independent Public Specialist Western Hospital John Paul II, Daleka 11, 05-825 Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland
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6
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Penna C, Femminò S, Alloatti G, Brizzi MF, Angelone T, Pagliaro P. Extracellular Vesicles in Comorbidities Associated with Ischaemic Heart Disease: Focus on Sex, an Overlooked Factor. J Clin Med 2021; 10:327. [PMID: 33477341 PMCID: PMC7830384 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10020327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are emerging early markers of myocardial damage and key mediators of cardioprotection. Therefore, EV are becoming fascinating tools to prevent cardiovascular disease and feasible weapons to limit ischaemia/reperfusion injury. It is well known that metabolic syndrome negatively affects vascular and endothelial function, thus creating predisposition to ischemic diseases. Additionally, sex is known to significantly impact myocardial injury and cardioprotection. Therefore, actions able to reduce risk factors related to comorbidities in ischaemic diseases are required to prevent maladaptive ventricular remodelling, preserve cardiac function, and prevent the onset of heart failure. This implies that early diagnosis and personalised medicine, also related to sex differences, are mandatory for primary or secondary prevention. Here, we report the contribution of EV as biomarkers and/or therapeutic tools in comorbidities predisposing to cardiac ischaemic disease. Whenever possible, attention is dedicated to data linking EV to sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano (TO), Italy;
| | - Saveria Femminò
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano (TO), Italy;
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Alloatti
- Uni-Astiss, Polo Universitario Rita Levi Montalcini, 14100 Asti, Italy;
| | - Maria F. Brizzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, E. and E.S. (Di.B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy;
| | - Pasquale Pagliaro
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano (TO), Italy;
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7
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Perrino C, Ferdinandy P, Bøtker HE, Brundel BJJM, Collins P, Davidson SM, den Ruijter HM, Engel FB, Gerdts E, Girao H, Gyöngyösi M, Hausenloy DJ, Lecour S, Madonna R, Marber M, Murphy E, Pesce M, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Sluijter JPG, Steffens S, Gollmann-Tepeköylü C, Van Laake LW, Van Linthout S, Schulz R, Ytrehus K. Improving translational research in sex-specific effects of comorbidities and risk factors in ischaemic heart disease and cardioprotection: position paper and recommendations of the ESC Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 117:367-385. [PMID: 32484892 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is a complex disorder and a leading cause of death and morbidity in both men and women. Sex, however, affects several aspects of IHD, including pathophysiology, incidence, clinical presentation, diagnosis as well as treatment and outcome. Several diseases or risk factors frequently associated with IHD can modify cellular signalling cascades, thus affecting ischaemia/reperfusion injury as well as responses to cardioprotective interventions. Importantly, the prevalence and impact of risk factors and several comorbidities differ between males and females, and their effects on IHD development and prognosis might differ according to sex. The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these differences are still poorly understood, and their identification might have important translational implications in the prediction or prevention of risk of IHD in men and women. Despite this, most experimental studies on IHD are still undertaken in animal models in the absence of risk factors and comorbidities, and assessment of potential sex-specific differences are largely missing. This ESC WG Position Paper will discuss: (i) the importance of sex as a biological variable in cardiovascular research, (ii) major biological mechanisms underlying sex-related differences relevant to IHD risk factors and comorbidities, (iii) prospects and pitfalls of preclinical models to investigate these associations, and finally (iv) will provide recommendations to guide future research. Although gender differences also affect IHD risk in the clinical setting, they will not be discussed in detail here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Perrino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Hajnoczy str. 6., H-6722 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Hans E Bøtker
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 161, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bianca J J M Brundel
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1108 HV, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Collins
- Imperial College, Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney St, Chelsea, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, WC1E 6HX London, UK
| | - Hester M den Ruijter
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Felix B Engel
- Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Muscle Research Center Erlangen (MURCE), Schwabachanlage 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eva Gerdts
- Department for Clinical Science, University of Bergen, PO Box 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Henrique Girao
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, and Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariann Gyöngyösi
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore.,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, 169609, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, 119228, Singapore.,The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK.,Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chris Barnard Building, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3 7935 Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Institute of Cardiology, University of Pisa, Lungarno Antonio Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School in Houston, 6410 Fannin St #1014, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael Marber
- King's College London BHF Centre, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Elizabeth Murphy
- Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology, Cardiovascular Branch, NHLBI, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maurizio Pesce
- Unità di Ingegneria Tissutale Cardiovascolare, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS Via Parea, 4, I-20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- Berlin Institute of Gender in Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, DZHK, partner site Berlin, Geschäftsstelle Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany.,University of Zürich, Rämistrasse 71, 8006 Zürich, Germany
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 8, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Circulatory Health Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 8, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine Steffens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstr. 9, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Can Gollmann-Tepeköylü
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr.35, A - 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Linda W Van Laake
- Cardiology and UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité, University Medicine Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité, University Medicine Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Ludwigstraße 23, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Kirsti Ytrehus
- Department of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens veg 18, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
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Aryan L, Medzikovic L, Umar S, Eghbali M. Pregnancy-associated cardiac dysfunction and the regulatory role of microRNAs. Biol Sex Differ 2020; 11:14. [PMID: 32252821 PMCID: PMC7137306 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-020-00292-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many crucial cardiovascular adaptations occur in the body during pregnancy to ensure successful gestation. Maladaptation of the cardiovascular system during pregnancy can lead to complications that promote cardiac dysfunction and may lead to heart failure (HF). About 12% of pregnancy-related deaths in the USA have been attributed to HF and the detrimental effects of cardiovascular complications on the heart can be long-lasting, pre-disposing the mother to HF later in life. Indeed, cardiovascular complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and peripartum cardiomyopathy have been shown to induce cardiac metabolic dysfunction, oxidative stress, fibrosis, apoptosis, and diastolic and systolic dysfunction in the hearts of pregnant women, all of which are hallmarks of HF. The exact etiology and cardiac pathophysiology of pregnancy-related complications is not yet fully deciphered. Furthermore, diagnosis of cardiac dysfunction in pregnancy is often made only after clinical symptoms are already present, thus necessitating the need for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Mounting data demonstrates an altered expression of maternal circulating miRNAs during pregnancy affected by cardiovascular complications. Throughout the past decade, miRNAs have become of growing interest as modulators and biomarkers of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and prognosis in cardiac dysfunction. While the association between pregnancy-related cardiovascular complications and cardiac dysfunction or HF is becoming increasingly evident, the roles of miRNA-mediated regulation herein remain poorly understood. Therefore, this review will summarize current reports on pregnancy-related cardiovascular complications that may lead to cardiac dysfunction and HF during and after pregnancy in previously healthy women, with a focus on the pathophysiological role of miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Aryan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, BH-550 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7115, USA
| | - Lejla Medzikovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, BH-550 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7115, USA
| | - Soban Umar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, BH-550 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7115, USA
| | - Mansoureh Eghbali
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, BH-550 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7115, USA.
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9
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Abstract
Metabolic pathways integrate to support tissue homeostasis and to prompt changes in cell phenotype. In particular, the heart consumes relatively large amounts of substrate not only to regenerate ATP for contraction but also to sustain biosynthetic reactions for replacement of cellular building blocks. Metabolic pathways also control intracellular redox state, and metabolic intermediates and end products provide signals that prompt changes in enzymatic activity and gene expression. Mounting evidence suggests that the changes in cardiac metabolism that occur during development, exercise, and pregnancy as well as with pathological stress (eg, myocardial infarction, pressure overload) are causative in cardiac remodeling. Metabolism-mediated changes in gene expression, metabolite signaling, and the channeling of glucose-derived carbon toward anabolic pathways seem critical for physiological growth of the heart, and metabolic inefficiency and loss of coordinated anabolic activity are emerging as proximal causes of pathological remodeling. This review integrates knowledge of different forms of cardiac remodeling to develop general models of how relationships between catabolic and anabolic glucose metabolism may fortify cardiac health or promote (mal)adaptive myocardial remodeling. Adoption of conceptual frameworks based in relational biology may enable further understanding of how metabolism regulates cardiac structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Gibb
- From the Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (A.A.G.)
| | - Bradford G Hill
- the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY (B.G.H.).
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10
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Paraoxonase 2 protects against acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating mitochondrial function and oxidative stress via the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β RISK pathway. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 129:154-164. [PMID: 30802459 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the novel role of Paraoxonase 2 (PON2) in modulating acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). APPROACH IRI was induced both in vivo and ex vivo in male, C57BL6/J (WT) and PON2-deficient (PON-def) mice. In addition, in vitro hypoxia-reoxygenation injury (HRI) was induced in H9c2 cells expressing empty vector (H9c2-EV) or human PON2 (H9c2-hPON2) ± LY294002 (a potent PI3K inhibitor). Infarct size, PON2 gene expression, mitochondrial calcium retention capacity (CRC), reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial membrane potential, CHOP and pGSK-3β protein levels, and cell apoptosis were evaluated. RESULTS PON2 gene expression is upregulated in WT mice following in vivo IRI. PON2-def mice exhibit a 2-fold larger infarct, increased CHOP levels, and reduced pGSK-3β levels compared to WT controls. Global cardiac mitochondria isolated from PON2-def mice exhibit reduced CRC and increased ROS production. Cardiomyocytes isolated from PON2-def mice subjected to ex vivo IRI have mitochondria with reduced CRC (also seen under non-IRI conditions), and increased ROS generation and apoptosis compared to WT controls. PON2 knockdown in H9c2 cells subjected to HRI leads to an increase in mitochondrial membrane depolarization. H9c2-hPON2 cells exhibit i) improvement in mitochondrial membrane potential, pGSK-3β levels and mitochondrial CRC, and ii) decrease in CHOP levels, mitochondrial ROS generation and cell apoptosis, when compared to H9c2-EV controls. Treatment with LY294002 resulted in a decrease of mitochondrial CRC and increase in mitochondrial ROS production and cell apoptosis in the H9c2-hPON2 group versus H9c2-EV controls. CONCLUSION PON2 protects against acute myocardial IRI by reducing mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes via activation of the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β RISK pathway.
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11
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Regitz-Zagrosek V. Unsettled Issues and Future Directions for Research on Cardiovascular Diseases in Women. Korean Circ J 2018; 48:792-812. [PMID: 30146804 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2018.0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological sex (being female or male) significantly influences the course of disease. This simple fact must be considered in all cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy. However, major gaps in knowledge about and awareness of cardiovascular disease in women still impede the implementation of sex-specific strategies. Among the gaps are a lack of understanding of the pathophysiology of women-biased coronary artery disease syndromes (spasms, dissections, Takotsubo syndrome), sex differences in cardiomyopathies and heart failure, a higher prevalence of cardiomyopathies with sarcomeric mutations in men, a higher prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in women, and sex-specific disease mechanisms, as well as sex differences in sudden cardiac arrest and long QT syndrome. Basic research strategies must do more to include female-specific aspects of disease such as the genetic imbalance of 2 versus one X chromosome and the effects of sex hormones. Drug therapy in women also needs more attention. Furthermore, pregnancy-associated cardiovascular disease must be considered a potential risk factor in women, including pregnancy-related coronary artery dissection, preeclampsia, and peripartum cardiomyopathy. Finally, the sociocultural dimension of gender should be included in research efforts. The organization of gender medicine must be established as a cross-sectional discipline but also as a centered structure with its own research resources, methods, and questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- CHARITÉ Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Gender in Medicine and CCR, and DZHK (partner site Berlin), Berlin, Germany.
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12
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Regitz-Zagrosek V. Myocardial infarction in pregnancy: how frequent, how fatal? EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. QUALITY OF CARE & CLINICAL OUTCOMES 2017; 3:171-172. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcx006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- Institute for Gender in Medicine, Center Cardiovascular Research, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, DZHK, Standort Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Li J, Ruffenach G, Kararigas G, Cunningham CM, Motayagheni N, Barakai N, Umar S, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Eghbali M. Intralipid protects the heart in late pregnancy against ischemia/reperfusion injury via Caveolin2/STAT3/GSK-3β pathway. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 102:108-116. [PMID: 27847332 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently demonstrated that the heart of late pregnant (LP) rodents is more prone to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury compared to non-pregnant rodents. Lipids, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids, have received special attention in the field of cardiovascular research. Here, we explored whether Intralipid (ITLD) protects the heart against I/R injury in LP rodents and investigated the mechanisms underlying this protection. METHODS AND RESULTS In-vivo female LP rat hearts or ex-vivo isolated Langendorff-perfused LP mouse hearts were subjected to ischemia followed by reperfusion with PBS or ITLD (one bolus of 5mg/kg of 20% in in-vivo and 1% in ex-vivo). Myocardial infarct size, mitochondrial calcium retention capacity, genome-wide expression profiling, pharmacological inhibition and co-immunoprecipitation were performed. One bolus of ITLD at reperfusion significantly reduced the in-vivo myocardial infarct size in LP rats (23.3±2% vs. 55.5±3.4% in CTRL, p<0.01). Postischemic administration of ITLD also protected the LP hearts against I/R injury ex-vivo. ITLD significantly increased the threshold for the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in response to calcium overload (nmol-calcium/mg-mitochondrial protein: 290±17 vs. 167±10 in CTRL, p<0.01) and significantly increased phosphorylation of STAT3 (1.8±0.08 vs. 1±0.16 in CTRL, p<0.05) and GSK-3β (2.63±0.55 vs. 1±0.0.34 in CTRL, p<0.05). The ITLD-induced cardioprotection was fully abolished by Stattic, a specific inhibitor of STAT3. Transcriptome analysis revealed caveolin 2 (Cav2) was significantly upregulated by ITLD in hearts of LP rats under I/R injury. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed that Cav2 interacts with STAT3. CONCLUSIONS ITLD protects the heart in late pregnancy against I/R injury by inhibiting the mPTP opening through Cav2/STAT3/GSK-3β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1778, United States
| | - Gregoire Ruffenach
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1778, United States
| | - Georgios Kararigas
- Institute of Gender in Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charite University Hospital, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin Partner Site, Germany
| | - Christine M Cunningham
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1778, United States
| | - Negar Motayagheni
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1778, United States
| | - Neusha Barakai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1778, United States
| | - Soban Umar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1778, United States
| | - Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- Institute of Gender in Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charite University Hospital, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin Partner Site, Germany
| | - Mansoureh Eghbali
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1778, United States.
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14
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Zouein FA, Altara R, Chen Q, Lesnefsky EJ, Kurdi M, Booz GW. Pivotal Importance of STAT3 in Protecting the Heart from Acute and Chronic Stress: New Advancement and Unresolved Issues. Front Cardiovasc Med 2015; 2:36. [PMID: 26664907 PMCID: PMC4671345 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2015.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), has been implicated in protecting the heart from acute ischemic injury under both basal conditions and as a crucial component of pre- and post-conditioning protocols. A number of anti-oxidant and antiapoptotic genes are upregulated by STAT3 via canonical means involving phosphorylation on Y705 and S727, although other incompletely defined posttranslational modifications are involved. In addition, STAT3 is now known to be present in cardiac mitochondria and to exert actions that regulate the electron transport chain, reactive oxygen species production, and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. These non-canonical actions of STAT3 are enhanced by S727 phosphorylation. The molecular basis for the mitochondrial actions of STAT3 is poorly understood, but STAT3 is known to interact with a critical subunit of complex I and to regulate complex I function. Dysfunctional complex I has been implicated in ischemic injury, heart failure, and the aging process. Evidence also indicates that STAT3 is protective to the heart under chronic stress conditions, including hypertension, pregnancy, and advanced age. Paradoxically, the accumulation of unphosphorylated STAT3 (U-STAT3) in the nucleus has been suggested to drive pathological cardiac hypertrophy and inflammation via non-canonical gene expression, perhaps involving a distinct acetylation profile. U-STAT3 may also regulate chromatin stability. Our understanding of how the non-canonical genomic and mitochondrial actions of STAT3 in the heart are regulated and coordinated with the canonical actions of STAT3 is rudimentary. Here, we present an overview of what is currently known about the pleotropic actions of STAT3 in the heart in order to highlight controversies and unresolved issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad A Zouein
- American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine , Beirut , Lebanon
| | - Raffaele Altara
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, The University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, MS , USA
| | - Qun Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA
| | - Edward J Lesnefsky
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA ; McGuire Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Richmond, VA , USA
| | - Mazen Kurdi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, The University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, MS , USA ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University , Hadath , Lebanon
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, The University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, MS , USA
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15
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Wu L, Tan JL, Wang ZH, Chen YX, Gao L, Liu JL, Shi YH, Endoh M, Yang HT. ROS generated during early reperfusion contribute to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia-afforded cardioprotection against postischemia-induced Ca(2+) overload and contractile dysfunction via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 81:150-61. [PMID: 25731682 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Moderate enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) during early reperfusion trigger the cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, while the mechanism is largely unknown. Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) contributes to the cardioprotection but whether it is activated by ROS and how it regulates Ca(2+) homeostasis remain unclear. Here we investigated whether the ROS generated during early reperfusion protect the heart/cardiomyocyte against I/R-induced Ca(2+) overload and contractile dysfunction via the activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway by using a cardioprotective model of intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IHH) preconditioning. IHH improved the postischemic recovery of myocardial contractile performance in isolated rat I/R hearts as well as Ca(2+) homeostasis and cell contraction in simulated I/R cardiomyocytes. Meanwhile, IHH enhanced I/R-increased STAT3 phosphorylation at tyrosine 705 in the nucleus and reversed I/R-suppressed STAT3 phosphorylation at serine 727 in the nucleus and mitochondria during reperfusion. Moreover, IHH improved I/R-suppressed sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+)-ATPase 2 (SERCA2) activity, enhanced I/R-increased Bcl-2 expression, and promoted the co-localization and interaction of Bcl-2 with SERCA2 during reperfusion. These effects were abolished by scavenging ROS with N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)-glycine (2-MPG) and/or by inhibiting JAK2 with AG490 during the early reperfusion. Furthermore, IHH-improved postischemic SERCA2 activity and Ca(2+) homeostasis as well as cell contraction were reversed after Bcl-2 knockdown by short hairpin RNA. In addition, the reversal of the I/R-suppressed mitochondrial membrane potential by IHH was abolished by 2-MPG and AG490. These results indicate that during early reperfusion the ROS/JAK2/STAT3 pathways play a crucial role in (i) the IHH-maintained intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis via the improvement of postischemic SERCA2 activity through the increase of SR Bcl-2 and its interaction with SERCA2; and (ii) the IHH-improved mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Liang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Yi-Xiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Hua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
| | - Masao Endoh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Huang-Tian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China.
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16
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Wang CN, Liu YJ, Duan GL, Zhao W, Li XH, Zhu XY, Ni X. CBS and CSE are critical for maintenance of mitochondrial function and glucocorticoid production in adrenal cortex. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:2192-207. [PMID: 24702258 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Mitochondria are known to play a central role in adrenocortical steroidogenesis. Recently, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous transmitter endogenously produced by cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), has been found to improve mitochondrial function. The present study aimed at examining whether CBS and CSE are expressed in adrenal glands, and investigated the role of these enzymes in the maintenance of mitochondrial function and the production of glucocorticoids in adrenocortical cells. RESULTS Both CBS and CSE are present in murine adrenocortical cells and account for H2S generation in adrenal glands. Using a combination of both in vivo and in vitro approaches, we demonstrated that either CBS/CSE inhibitors or small interfering RNAs led to mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction, which meanwhile resulted in blunted corticosterone responses to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). These effects were significantly attenuated by the treatment of H2S donor GYY4137. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) also caused mitochondrial damage, thereby resulting in adrenal insufficiency. Moreover, LPS inhibited CBS/CSE expression and H2S production in adrenal glands, while H₂S donor GYY4137 protected against LPS-induced mitochondrial damage and hyporesponsiveness to ACTH. Local suppression of CBS or CSE in adrenal glands significantly increased the mortality in endotoxemic mice, which was also improved by GYY4137. INNOVATION The identification of endogenous H2S generation as critical regulators of adrenocortical responsiveness might result in the development of new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of relative adrenal insufficiency during sepsis. CONCLUSIONS Endogenous H₂S plays a critical role in the maintenance of mitochondrial function in the adrenal cortex, thereby resulting in an adequate adrenocortical response to ACTH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Nan Wang
- 1 The Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
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17
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Li JZ, Yu SY, Mo D, Tang XN, Shao QR. Picroside Ⅱ inhibits hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by ameliorating mitochondrial function through a mechanism involving a decrease in reactive oxygen species production. Int J Mol Med 2014; 35:446-52. [PMID: 25421707 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)‑induced mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in cardiomyocyte apoptosis during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Picroside Ⅱ, isolated from Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell (Scrophulariaceae), has been reported to protect cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)‑induced apoptosis, but the exact mechanism is not fully clear. The aim of the present study was to explore the protective effects of picroside Ⅱ on H/R‑induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and the underlying mechanism. In the H9c2 rat cardiomyocyte cell line, picroside Ⅱ (100 µg/ml) was added for 48 h prior to H/R. The results showed that picroside Ⅱ markedly inhibited H/R‑induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In addition, picroside Ⅱ was also able to decrease the opening degree of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), increase the mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibit cytochrome c release from mitochondria to cytosol and downregulate caspase‑3 expression and activity concomitantly with the decreased ROS production. These results suggested that picroside Ⅱ inhibited H/R‑induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by ameliorating mitochondrial function through a mechanism involving a decrease in ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Zhe Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530011, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Yi Yu
- Modern Analysis and Testing Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Dan Mo
- Department of Surgery, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530003, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Neng Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530011, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Rui Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530011, P.R. China
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18
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Zhang Y, Shimizu H, Siu KL, Mahajan A, Chen JN, Cai H. NADPH oxidase 4 induces cardiac arrhythmic phenotype in zebrafish. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:23200-23208. [PMID: 24962575 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.587196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been implicated in cardiac arrhythmia, although a causal relationship remains undefined. We have recently demonstrated a marked up-regulation of NADPH oxidase isoform 4 (NOX4) in patients with atrial fibrillation, which is accompanied by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we investigated the impact on the cardiac phenotype of NOX4 overexpression in zebrafish. One-cell stage embryos were injected with NOX4 RNA prior to video recording of a GFP-labeled (myl7:GFP zebrafish line) beating heart in real time at 24-31 h post-fertilization. Intriguingly, NOX4 embryos developed cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by irregular heartbeats. When quantitatively analyzed by an established LQ-1 program, the NOX4 embryos displayed much more variable beat-to-beat intervals (mean S.D. of beat-to-beat intervals was 0.027 s/beat in control embryos versus 0.038 s/beat in NOX4 embryos). Both the phenotype and the increased ROS in NOX4 embryos were attenuated by NOX4 morpholino co-injection, treatments of the embryos with polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase, or NOX4 inhibitors fulvene-5, 6-dimethylamino-fulvene, and proton sponge blue. Injection of NOX4-P437H mutant RNA had no effect on the cardiac phenotype or ROS production. In addition, phosphorylation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II was increased in NOX4 embryos but diminished by polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase, whereas its inhibitor KN93 or AIP abolished the arrhythmic phenotype. Taken together, our data for the first time uncover a novel pathway that underlies the development of cardiac arrhythmia, namely NOX4 activation, subsequent NOX4-specific NADPH-driven ROS production, and redox-sensitive CaMKII activation. These findings may ultimately lead to novel therapeutics targeting cardiac arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Zhang
- Divisions of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Hirohito Shimizu
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Kin Lung Siu
- Divisions of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Aman Mahajan
- Divisions of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Jau-Nian Chen
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Hua Cai
- Divisions of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Los Angeles, California 90095.
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Li J, Chen X, McClusky R, Ruiz-Sundstrom M, Itoh Y, Umar S, Arnold AP, Eghbali M. The number of X chromosomes influences protection from cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion injury in mice: one X is better than two. Cardiovasc Res 2014; 102:375-84. [PMID: 24654234 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Sex differences in coronary heart disease have been attributed to sex hormones, whereas the potential role of the sex chromosomes has been ignored so far. Here, we investigated the role of the sex chromosomes in causing sex differences in myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS AND RESULTS We used two unique mouse models, the 'four core genotypes' [XX mice with ovaries (XXF) or testes (XXM) and XY mice with ovaries (XYF) or testes (XYM)] and XY* (gonadal male or female mice with one or two X chromosomes). All mice were gonadectomized (GDX). In vivo or isolated Langendorff-perfused hearts were subjected to I/R injury. The in vivo infarct size in XY mice was significantly smaller than XX mice regardless of their gonadal type (24.5 ± 4.1% in XYF and 21.8 ± 3.3% in XYM vs. 37.0 ± 3.2% in XXF and 35.5 ± 2.1% in XXM, P < 0.01). Consistent with the results in vivo, the infarct size was markedly smaller and cardiac functional recovery was significantly better in XY mice compared with XX ex vivo. The mitochondrial calcium retention capacity was significantly higher in XY compared with XX mice (nmol/mg protein: XXF = 126 ± 9 and XXM = 192 ± 45 vs. XYF = 250 ± 56 and XYM = 286 ± 51, P < 0.05). In XY* mice, mice with 2X chromosomes had larger infarct size (2X females = 41.4 ± 8.9% and 2X males = 46.3 ± 9.5% vs. 1X females = 23.7 ± 3.9% and 1X males = 26.6 ± 6.9%, P < 0.05) and lower heart functional recovery, compared with those with 1X chromosome. Several X genes that escape X inactivation (Eif2s3x, Kdm6a, and Kdm5c) showed higher expression in XX than in XY hearts. CONCLUSION XX mice have higher vulnerability to I/R injury compared with XY mice, which is due to the number of X chromosomes rather than the absence of the Y chromosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, BH-160CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7115, USA
| | - Xuqi Chen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca McClusky
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maureen Ruiz-Sundstrom
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yuichiro Itoh
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Soban Umar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, BH-160CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7115, USA
| | - Arthur P Arnold
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mansoureh Eghbali
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, BH-160CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7115, USA Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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20
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Chung E, Leinwand LA. Pregnancy as a cardiac stress model. Cardiovasc Res 2014; 101:561-70. [PMID: 24448313 PMCID: PMC3941597 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy occurs during pregnancy as a consequence of both volume overload and hormonal changes. Both pregnancy- and exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy are generally thought to be similar and physiological. Despite the fact that there are shared transcriptional responses in both forms of cardiac adaptation, pregnancy results in a distinct signature of gene expression in the heart. In some cases, however, pregnancy can induce adverse cardiac events in previously healthy women without any known cardiovascular disease. Peripartum cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of non-obstetric mortality during pregnancy. To understand how pregnancy can cause heart disease, it is first important to understand cardiac adaptation during normal pregnancy. This review provides an overview of the cardiac consequences of pregnancy, including haemodynamic, functional, structural, and morphological adaptations, as well as molecular phenotypes. In addition, this review describes the signalling pathways responsible for pregnancy-induced cardiac hypertrophy and angiogenesis. We also compare and contrast cardiac adaptation in response to disease, exercise, and pregnancy. The comparisons of these settings of cardiac hypertrophy provide insight into pregnancy-associated cardiac adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhee Chung
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sport Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Leslie A. Leinwand
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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21
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Abstract
Pregnancy causes dramatic physiological changes in the expectant mother. The placenta, mostly foetal in origin, invades maternal uterine tissue early in pregnancy and unleashes a barrage of hormones and other factors. This foetal 'invasion' profoundly reprogrammes maternal physiology, affecting nearly every organ, including the heart and its metabolism. We briefly review here maternal systemic metabolic changes during pregnancy and cardiac metabolism in general. We then discuss changes in cardiac haemodynamic during pregnancy and review what is known about maternal cardiac metabolism during pregnancy. Lastly, we discuss cardiac diseases during pregnancy, including peripartum cardiomyopathy, and the potential contribution of aberrant cardiac metabolism to disease aetiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura X Liu
- Cardiovascular Institute, and Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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22
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Xiao J, Li J, Xu T, Lv D, Shen B, Song Y, Xu J. Pregnancy-induced physiological hypertrophy protects against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2013; 7:229-235. [PMID: 24427343 PMCID: PMC3885477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiac hypertrophy is a compensatory response of the heart to maintain its pumping capacity. Cardiac hypertrophy can be divided into pathological hypertrophy and physiological hypertrophy. The major forms of physiological hypertrophy include developing in response to developmental maturation, exercise, and pregnancy, which is adaptive and beneficial. Exercise has well-known beneficial cardiovascular effects and has recently been shown to be protective for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, there are conflicting reports for the cardiac protective effects of pregnancy-induced hypertrophy. In the present study, we investigated the effects of pregnancy-induced physiological hypertrophy in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury and if cardiac progenitor cells were activated during pregnancy. METHODS Physiological hypertrophy was induced in pregnancy and the mRNA levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were determined by real-time polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCRs) analysis. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was used to determine the cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. c-Kit and Nkx2.5 levels were determined by RT-PCRs, western blot and immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS Heart weight (HW) and the ratio of HW to tibia length were increased while mRNA levels of ANP and BNP remained unchanged. Pregnancy-induced physiological hypertrophy protected against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. In pregnancy, c-Kit positive cardiac progenitor cells were activated. CONCLUSION This study presents that pregnancy-induced physiological hypertrophy activates cardiac progenitor cells and thereafter protects against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Xiao
- Regeneration Lab and Experimental Center of Life Sciences, Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Science, Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444, China
| | - Jin Li
- Regeneration Lab and Experimental Center of Life Sciences, Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Science, Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444, China
| | - Tianzao Xu
- Regeneration Lab and Experimental Center of Life Sciences, Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Science, Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444, China
| | - Dongcao Lv
- Regeneration Lab and Experimental Center of Life Sciences, Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Science, Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine BureauShanghai 200135, China
| | - Yang Song
- Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200065, China
| | - Jiahong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200065, China
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23
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Redox balance and cardioprotection. Basic Res Cardiol 2013; 108:392. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-013-0392-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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24
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Luo T, Chen B, Zhao Z, He N, Zeng Z, Wu B, Fukushima Y, Dai M, Huang Q, Xu D, Bin J, Kitakaze M, Liao Y. Histamine H2 receptor activation exacerbates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by disturbing mitochondrial and endothelial function. Basic Res Cardiol 2013; 108:342. [PMID: 23467745 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-013-0342-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that H2R blockade improves ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, but the underlying cellular mechanisms remain unclear. Histamine is known to increase vascular permeability and induce apoptosis, and these effects are closely associated with endothelial and mitochondrial dysfunction, respectively. Here, we investigated whether activation of the histamine H2 receptor (H2R) exacerbates myocardial I/R injury by increasing mitochondrial and endothelial permeability. Serum histamine levels were measured in patients with coronary heart disease, while the influence of H2R activation was assessed on mitochondrial and endothelial function in cultured cardiomyocytes or vascular endothelial cells, and myocardial I/R injury in mice. The serum histamine level was more than twofold higher in patients with acute myocardial infarction than in patients with angina or healthy controls. In neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, histamine dose-dependently reduced viability and induced apoptosis. Mitochondrial permeability and the levels of p-ERK1/2, Bax, p-DAPK2, and caspase 3 were increased by H2R agonists. In cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), H2R activation increased p-ERK1/2 and p-moesin levels and also enhanced permeability of HUVEC monolayer. All of these effects were abolished by the H2R blocker famotidine or the ERK inhibitor U0126. After I/R injury or permanent ischemia, the infarct size was reduced by famotidine and increased by an H2R agonist in wild-type mice. In H2R KO mice, the infarct size was smaller; myocardial p-ERK1/2, p-DAPK2, and mitochondrial Bax were downregulated. These findings indicate that H2R activation exaggerates myocardial I/R injury by promoting myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction and by increasing cardiac vascular endothelial permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, 510515, Guangzhou, China
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Cunningham MW, Sasser JM, West CA, Baylis C. Renal redox response to normal pregnancy in the rat. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2013; 304:R443-9. [PMID: 23283939 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00496.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Normal pregnancy involves increased renal sodium reabsorption, metabolism, and oxygen consumption, which can cause increased oxidative stress (OS). OS can decrease nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and cause pregnancy complications. In this study we examined the NO synthases (NOS) and redox state in the kidney cortex and aorta in early (E), mid (M), and late (L) pregnant (P) (days 3, 12, 20) and 2-4 days postpartum (PP) rats compared with virgin rats (V). Protein abundance of endothelial NOS (eNOS) was unchanged and neuronal NOS (nNOS)α fell at LP in the kidney cortex. Kidney cortex nNOSβ was elevated at MP, LP, and PP. No changes in aortic NOS isoforms were observed. Kidney cortex nitrotyrosine (NT) abundance decreased in EP, MP, and PP, whereas aortic NT increased in EP, MP, and PP. The NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox decreased in the kidney cortex at EP while aortic p22phox increased in EP and LP. No changes in kidney cortex NADPH-dependent superoxide production or hydrogen peroxide levels were noted. Kidney cortex cytosolic (CuZn) superoxide dismutase (SOD) was unchanged, while mitochondrial SOD decreased at EP and extracellular SOD decreased at MP and LP in the kidney cortex. Despite falls in abundance of kidney cortex SODs, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was elevated in EP, MP, and PP in the kidney cortex. Aortic CuZn SOD deceased at PP, while the other aortic SODs and aortic TAC did not change. Data from this study suggest that the kidney cortex is protected from OS during normal rat pregnancy via an increase in antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Cunningham
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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