CTAB–tributylstannic[3-(3′,4′-dichlorophenylamido)propanoate] interaction: a tool for predicting organotin(IV) complex–cell membrane interaction parameters

Synthesis and characterization of cationic surfactants and their interactions with drug and metal complexes

Two new cationic surfactants, n-hexadecyl-3-methylpyridinium bromide and n-heptadecyl-3-methylpyridinium bromide have been synthesized and characterized in solid state by FT-IR, and in solution by ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR spectroscopy. The values of critical micelle concentration (CMC) were determined by UV-visible spectroscopy and conductometry. Interaction of synthesized surfactants with two anionic drugs, i.e., diclofenac sodium {[2-(2, 6-Dichloroanilino) phenyl] acetic acid} and ketoprofen [(RS)-2-(3-benzoylphenyl) propionic acid] was studied by UV-visible spectroscopy. Binding constant (K), Gibb's free energy (ΔG) and number of drug molecules (n) per micelle were also calculated. These synthesized surfactants were proved to be efficient in increasing the solubility and bioavailability of drug molecules. In order to check the carrier efficiency of synthesized surfactants against bioactive coordinate, on complexes, interaction of recently reported bioactive zinc complexes was tested with synthesized cationic surfactants by conductometric measurements. Mole fractions (X_cmc) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG_cmc) values were also calculated. Both surfactants were further screened for anti-fungal and anti-bacterial activities.

Design, synthesis, structure information and biochemical activity of new floro substituted organotin(IV) carboxylates

Four new triorganotin(IV) complexes with general formula R3SnL (R=C4H9, C6H5, and L=3-[(fluorophenylamido)]propenoic acid, 3-[(fluorophenylamido)]propanoic acid) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, FT-IR, NMR ((1)H, (13)C and (119)Sn), mass spectrometry and single crystal X-ray structural analysis. The disappearance of the OH peak of the carboxylic acid in the FT-IR and NMR spectra of the compounds conform the formation of the compound and suggests that the complexation occurs via oxygen atoms of the carboxylate moiety. FT-IR date shows the bidentate nature of the carboxylate moiety of the ligand as the Δν value in all complexes is less than 250. Crystallographic data for compound 2 showed that tin has distorted tetrahedral geometry with 433.42° angle around the central tin atom. The compounds (1-4) bind to DNA, resulting hypochromism shifts in UV-visible spectroscopy suggesting an intercalative mode of interactions. The compound-DNA interaction results (UV-visible and Viscometery) encourage using the compounds against HCV. The compounds (1-4) were screened for anti-HCV activity using Huh7.5 cell (human hepatoma cell) by the Gaussia Luciferase Assay and found to be biologically active. Based on Gaussia Luciferase Assay, compound 3 (Tributylstannic [3-(2-fluorophenylamido)propionate]) was taken for quantitative analysis by "QRT-PCR" using the serum of HCV patients and was found to have substantial anti-HCV activity. This work, demonstrated that compound 3 may be used as a potential anti-HCV agent in the future.