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Marforio TD, Carboni A, Calvaresi M. In Vivo Application of Carboranes for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT): Structure, Formulation and Analytical Methods for Detection. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4944. [PMID: 37894311 PMCID: PMC10605826 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Carboranes have emerged as one of the most promising boron agents in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). In this context, in vivo studies are particularly relevant, since they provide qualitative and quantitative information about the biodistribution of these molecules, which is of the utmost importance to determine the efficacy of BNCT, defining their localization and (bio)accumulation, as well as their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. First, we gathered a detailed list of the carboranes used for in vivo studies, considering the synthesis of carborane derivatives or the use of delivery system such as liposomes, micelles and nanoparticles. Then, the formulation employed and the cancer model used in each of these studies were identified. Finally, we examined the analytical aspects concerning carborane detection, identifying the main methodologies applied in the literature for ex vivo and in vivo analysis. The present work aims to identify the current strengths and weakness of the use of carboranes in BNCT, establishing the bottlenecks and the best strategies for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Carboni
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
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Pulagam KR, Henriksen-Lacey M, B Uribe K, Renero-Lecuna C, Kumar J, Charalampopoulou A, Facoetti A, Protti N, Gómez-Vallejo V, Baz Z, Kumar V, Sánchez-Iglesias A, Altieri S, Cossío U, Di Silvio D, Martínez-Villacorta AM, Ruiz de Angulo A, Rejc L, Liz-Marzán LM, Llop J. In Vivo Evaluation of Multifunctional Gold Nanorods for Boron Neutron Capture and Photothermal Therapies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:49589-49601. [PMID: 34643365 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of cancer demand more innovative approaches and combination therapies to increase treatment efficacy and decrease off-target side effects. We describe a boron-rich nanoparticle composite with potential applications in both boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and photothermal therapy (PTT). Our strategy is based on gold nanorods (AuNRs) stabilized with polyethylene glycol and functionalized with the water-soluble complex cobalt bis(dicarbollide) ([3,3'-Co(1,2-C2B9H11)2]-), commonly known as COSAN. Radiolabeling with the positron emitter copper-64 (64Cu) enabled in vivo tracking using positron emission tomography imaging. 64Cu-labeled multifunctionalized AuNRs proved to be radiochemically stable and capable of being accumulated in the tumor after intravenous administration in a mouse xenograft model of gastrointestinal cancer. The resulting multifunctional AuNRs showed high biocompatibility and the capacity to induce local heating under external stimulation and trigger cell death in heterogeneous cancer spheroids as well as the capacity to decrease cell viability under neutron irradiation in cancer cells. These results position our nanoconjugates as suitable candidates for combined BNCT/PTT therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna R Pulagam
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Malou Henriksen-Lacey
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Kepa B Uribe
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Carlos Renero-Lecuna
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Jatish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - Alexandra Charalampopoulou
- Research and Development Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Angelica Facoetti
- Research and Development Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Protti
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Pavia Section, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Vanessa Gómez-Vallejo
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Zuriñe Baz
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Vished Kumar
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-Iglesias
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Saverio Altieri
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Pavia Section, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Unai Cossío
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Desire Di Silvio
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Angel M Martínez-Villacorta
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Ane Ruiz de Angulo
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Science & Technology Park bld 801 A, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Luka Rejc
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Luis M Liz-Marzán
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid 28029, Spain
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Kim A, Suzuki M, Matsumoto Y, Fukumitsu N, Nagasaki Y. Non-isotope enriched phenylboronic acid-decorated dual-functional nano-assembles for an actively targeting BNCT drug. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120551. [PMID: 33307363 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The feasibility of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) greatly depends on the selective accumulation of 10B in tumors. The p-boronophenylalanine-fructose (BPA-f) complex has been established as a conventional BNCT agent due to its preferential uptake into tumors, which is driven by amino acid transporters. However, the retention of BPA-f in tumors is highly limited because of an antiport mechanism, which is regulated by a gradient of amino acid concentration across the cancer cell membrane. Thus, to preserve a high 10B concentration in tumors, patients are inevitably subjected to a constant intravenous infusion. To this end, we employed a phenylboronic acid (PBA)-decorated polymeric nanoparticle (NanoPBA) as a sialic acid-targeting BNCT agent. In this manner, the PBA can exhibit dual functionalities, i.e., exhibiting a neutron capture capacity and hypersialyated cancer cell targeting effect. Our developed NanoPBA possesses a supramolecular structure composed of a core and shell comprised of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) segments, respectively. The PBA moiety is installed at the PEG end, providing an unusually strong targeting effect, supposedly via multivalent binding onto the cancer cell membrane. As in BNCT, we verified the feasibility of NanoPBA against a B16 melanoma-bearing mouse model. By virtue of efficient tumor targeting, even at a 100-fold lower dose than BPA-f, the NanoPBA achieved a potent antitumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahram Kim
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Minoru Suzuki
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, 2 Asashiro-Nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka, 590-0494, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Matsumoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8576, Japan; Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8576, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Fukumitsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kobe Proton Center, 1-6-8 Minatojima Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yukio Nagasaki
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan; Master's Program in Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan; Center for Research in Isotopes and Environmental Dynamics (CRiED), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.
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Pulagam KR, Gona KB, Gómez-Vallejo V, Meijer J, Zilberfain C, Estrela-Lopis I, Baz Z, Cossío U, Llop J. Gold Nanoparticles as Boron Carriers for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy: Synthesis, Radiolabelling and In vivo Evaluation. Molecules 2019; 24:E3609. [PMID: 31591329 PMCID: PMC6804187 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a binary approach to cancer therapy that requires accumulation of boron atoms preferentially in tumour cells. This can be achieved by using nanoparticles as boron carriers and taking advantage of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Here, we present the preparation and characterization of size and shape-tuned gold NPs (AuNPs) stabilised with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and functionalized with the boron-rich anion cobalt bis(dicarbollide), commonly known as COSAN. The resulting NPs were radiolabelled with 124I both at the core and the shell, and were evaluated in vivo in a mouse model of human fibrosarcoma (HT1080 cells) using positron emission tomography (PET). Methods: The thiolated COSAN derivatives for subsequent attachment to the gold surface were synthesized by reaction of COSAN with tetrahydropyran (THP) followed by ring opening using potassium thioacetate (KSAc). Iodination on one of the boron atoms of the cluster was also carried out to enable subsequent radiolabelling of the boron cage. AuNPs grafted with mPEG-SH (5 Kda) and thiolated COSAN were prepared by ligand displacement. Radiolabelling was carried out both at the shell (isotopic exchange) and at the core (anionic absorption) of the NPs using 124I to enable PET imaging. Results: Stable gold nanoparticles simultaneously functionalised with PEG and COSAN (PEG-AuNPs@[4]-) with hydrodynamic diameter of 37.8 ± 0.5 nm, core diameter of 19.2 ± 1.4 nm and ξ-potential of -18.0 ± 0.7 mV were obtained. The presence of the COSAN on the surface of the NPs was confirmed by Raman Spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. PEG-AuNPs@[4]- could be efficiently labelled with 124I both at the core and the shell. Biodistribution studies in a xenograft mouse model of human fibrosarcoma showed major accumulation in liver, lungs and spleen, and poor accumulation in the tumour. The dual labelling approach confirmed the in vivo stability of the PEG-AuNPs@[4]-. Conclusions: PEG stabilized, COSAN-functionalised AuNPs could be synthesized, radiolabelled and evaluated in vivo using PET. The low tumour accumulation in the animal model assayed points to the need of tuning the size and geometry of the gold core for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna R Pulagam
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Kiran B Gona
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain.
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
| | | | - Jan Meijer
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Carolin Zilberfain
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Irina Estrela-Lopis
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Zuriñe Baz
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Unai Cossío
- Radioimaging and Image Analysis Platform, CIC biomaGUNE, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Jordi Llop
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Takeuchi I, Onaka H, Makino K. Biodistribution of colloidal gold nanoparticles after intravenous injection: Effects of PEGylation at the same particle size. Biomed Mater Eng 2018; 29:205-215. [PMID: 29457594 DOI: 10.3233/bme-171723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified gold nanoparticles have been studied to maintaining long-term stability in biological fluids. Its biodistribution was also reported, however, comparison of bare gold nanoparticles and PEGylated gold nanoparticles with equal particle size is not sufficient. OBJECTIVE We prepared bare gold nanoparticles and PEGylated gold nanoparticles with diameters of 20-30-nm or 50-nm to avoid the influence of particle diameter, and studied their biodistribution in the mouse. METHODS Gold concentrations in brain, heart, lungs, liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, blood, urine, and feces were measured at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 48 h after administration of gold nanoparticles using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. RESULTS At 48 h after intravenous administration, accumulation in the liver and spleen was significantly reduced by PEGylation, and the gold amounts of PEGylated gold nanoparticles with diameters of 20-30 nm and 50-nm in the brain were 3.6 times and 2.7 times higher than those of bare gold nanoparticles, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that the usefulness of PEGylated gold nanoparticles with small particle size for a drug carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issei Takeuchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.,Center for Drug Delivery Research, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.,Center for Physical Pharmaceutics, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Onaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kimiko Makino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.,Center for Drug Delivery Research, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.,Center for Physical Pharmaceutics, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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Polyborane encapsulated liposomes prepared using pH gradient and reverse-phase evaporation for boron neutron capture therapy: biodistribution in tumor-bearing mice. Colloid Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-018-4331-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Takeuchi I, Nomura K, Makino K. Hydrophobic boron compound-loaded poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles for boron neutron capture therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 159:360-365. [PMID: 28806667 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) has been widely used and studied because of its biocompatibility and biodegradability. Recently, the usefulness of nanoparticles using poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLLGA) having a higher glass transition temperature than PLGA was suggested. In this study, we investigated the availability of boron compound-loaded PLGA and PLLGA nanoparticles for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) by conducting biodistribution study using tumor-bearing mice. o-Carborane, a hydrophobic boron compound, was used as a boron carrier, and o-carborane-albumin conjugate was used as a control. We prepared PLGA and PLLGA nanoparticles with diameters of 100nm and 150nm. In 100-nm PLLGA nanoparticles, the boron concentration in the tumor reached 113.9±15.8μg/g of tissue at 8h after administration. This result indicated that 100-nm PLLGA nanoparticles were able to achieve an intratumoral 10B concentration of 20μg/g without replacing the 11B with 10B. In addition, by nanoparticulation using PLGA7510 and PLLGA7510, intratumoral boron concentration was 1.7-3.2 and 3.5-4.2 times higher than that of the o-carborane-albumin conjugate, respectively. The tumor/blood ratios of boron concentration reached over 5 at 8-12h after injection. Boron atoms in nanoparticles were excreted mainly in the urine, and characteristic accumulation was not observed in other organs. These results suggested that 100-nm PLLGA nanoparticles were particularly useful for BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issei Takeuchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Center for Drug Delivery Research, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Center for Physical Pharmaceutics, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kensuke Nomura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kimiko Makino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Center for Drug Delivery Research, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Center for Physical Pharmaceutics, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
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Detailed biodistribution of liposomes prepared with polyborane instead of cholesterol for BNCT: effects of PEGylation. Colloid Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-017-4113-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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