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Cosialls R, Fernández O, Simó C, Pulagam KR, Guerra-Rebollo M, Llop J, Fornaguera C, Cuenca AB, Borrós S. Ammonium trifluoroborate-modified poly(β-aminoesters): A case study for PET-guided in vivo pharmacokinetic studies of a non-viral gene delivery system. J Control Release 2023; 358:739-751. [PMID: 37207793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapies have become a game-changing player in our way of conceiving pharmacology. Nevertheless, the inherent lability of the phosphodiester bond of the genetic material with respect to the blood nucleases severely hampers its delivery in naked form, therefore making it necessary to use delivery vectors. Among the potential non-viral vectors, polymeric materials such as the poly(β-aminoesters) (PBAEs) stand out as promising gene carriers thanks to their ability to condense nucleic acids in the form of nanometric polyplexes. To keep advancing these systems into their translational preclinical phases, it would be highly valuable to gain accurate insights of their in vivo pharmacokinetic profile. We envisaged that positron emission tomography (PET)-guided imaging could provide us with both, an accurate assessment of the biodistribution of PBAE-derived polyplexes, as well shed light on their clearance process. In this sense, taking advantage of the efficient [19F]-to-[18F]‑fluorine isotopic exchange presented by the ammonium trifluoroborate (AMBF3) group, we have designed and synthesized a new 18F-PET radiotracer based on the chemical modification of a linear poly(β-aminoester). As proof of concept, the incorporation of the newly developed 18F-PBAE into a model nanoformulation was shown to be fully compatible with the formation of the polyplexes, their biophysical characterization, and all their in vitro and in vivo functional features. With this tool in hand, we were able to readily obtain key clues about the pharmacokinetic behavior of a series of oligopeptide-modified PBAEs (OM-PBAEs). The observations described in this study allow us to continue supporting these polymers as an outstanding non-viral gene delivery vector for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Cosialls
- BISi-Bonds/CRISOL Group, Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Vía Augusta 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain; Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Vía Augusta 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain
| | - Odile Fernández
- BISi-Bonds/CRISOL Group, Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Vía Augusta 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain; Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Vía Augusta 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain
| | - Cristina Simó
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - Krishna R Pulagam
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - Marta Guerra-Rebollo
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Vía Augusta 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - Cristina Fornaguera
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Vía Augusta 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain
| | - Ana B Cuenca
- BISi-Bonds/CRISOL Group, Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Vía Augusta 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain; Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Spain.
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Vía Augusta 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain
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2
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Rua M, Simón JA, Collantes M, Ecay M, Leiva J, Carmona-Torre F, Ramos R, Pareja F, Pulagam KR, Llop J, Del Pozo JL, Peñuelas I. Infection-specific PET imaging with 18F-fluorodeoxysorbitol and 2-[ 18F]F-ρ-aminobenzoic acid: An extended diagnostic tool for bacterial and fungal diseases. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1094929. [PMID: 36760503 PMCID: PMC9905739 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1094929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Suspected infectious diseases located in difficult-to-access sites can be challenging due to the need for invasive procedures to isolate the etiological agent. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a non-invasive imaging technology that can help locate the infection site. The most widely used radiotracer for PET imaging (2-deoxy-2[18F] fluoro-D-glucose: [18F]FDG) shows uptake in both infected and sterile inflammation. Therefore, there is a need to develop new radiotracers able to specifically detect microorganisms. Methods We tested two specific radiotracers: 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-sorbitol ([18F]FDS) and 2-[18F]F-ρ-aminobenzoic acid ([18F]FPABA), and also developed a simplified alternative of the latter for automated synthesis. Clinical and reference isolates of bacterial and yeast species (19 different strains in all) were tested in vitro and in an experimental mouse model of myositis infection. Results and discussion Non-lactose fermenters (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) were unable to take up [18F]FDG in vitro. [18F]FDS PET was able to visualize Enterobacterales myositis infection (i.e., Escherichia coli) and to differentiate between yeasts with differential assimilation of sorbitol (i.e., Candida albicans vs. Candida glabrata). All bacteria and yeasts tested were detected in vitro by [18F]FPABA. Furthermore, [18F]FPABA was able to distinguish between inflammation and infection in the myositis mouse model (E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and could be used as a probe for a wide variety of bacterial and fungal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rua
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jon Ander Simón
- Radiopharmacy Unit, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Collantes
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain,Translational Molecular Imaging Unit, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,*Correspondence: María Collantes, ✉
| | - Margarita Ecay
- Translational Molecular Imaging Unit, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José Leiva
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco Carmona-Torre
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain,Infectious Diseases Division, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rocío Ramos
- Radiopharmacy Unit, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Félix Pareja
- Radiopharmacy Unit, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Krishna R. Pulagam
- Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIC BiomaGUNE, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIC BiomaGUNE, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - José Luis Del Pozo
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain,Infectious Diseases Division, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iván Peñuelas
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain,Radiopharmacy Unit, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Translational Molecular Imaging Unit, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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3
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Pulagam KR, Henriksen-Lacey M, B Uribe K, Renero-Lecuna C, Kumar J, Charalampopoulou A, Facoetti A, Protti N, Gómez-Vallejo V, Baz Z, Kumar V, Sánchez-Iglesias A, Altieri S, Cossío U, Di Silvio D, Martínez-Villacorta AM, Ruiz de Angulo A, Rejc L, Liz-Marzán LM, Llop J. In Vivo Evaluation of Multifunctional Gold Nanorods for Boron Neutron Capture and Photothermal Therapies. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:49589-49601. [PMID: 34643365 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of cancer demand more innovative approaches and combination therapies to increase treatment efficacy and decrease off-target side effects. We describe a boron-rich nanoparticle composite with potential applications in both boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and photothermal therapy (PTT). Our strategy is based on gold nanorods (AuNRs) stabilized with polyethylene glycol and functionalized with the water-soluble complex cobalt bis(dicarbollide) ([3,3'-Co(1,2-C2B9H11)2]-), commonly known as COSAN. Radiolabeling with the positron emitter copper-64 (64Cu) enabled in vivo tracking using positron emission tomography imaging. 64Cu-labeled multifunctionalized AuNRs proved to be radiochemically stable and capable of being accumulated in the tumor after intravenous administration in a mouse xenograft model of gastrointestinal cancer. The resulting multifunctional AuNRs showed high biocompatibility and the capacity to induce local heating under external stimulation and trigger cell death in heterogeneous cancer spheroids as well as the capacity to decrease cell viability under neutron irradiation in cancer cells. These results position our nanoconjugates as suitable candidates for combined BNCT/PTT therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna R Pulagam
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Malou Henriksen-Lacey
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Kepa B Uribe
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Carlos Renero-Lecuna
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Jatish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - Alexandra Charalampopoulou
- Research and Development Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Angelica Facoetti
- Research and Development Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Protti
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Pavia Section, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Vanessa Gómez-Vallejo
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Zuriñe Baz
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Vished Kumar
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-Iglesias
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Saverio Altieri
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Pavia Section, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Unai Cossío
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Desire Di Silvio
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Angel M Martínez-Villacorta
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Ane Ruiz de Angulo
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Science & Technology Park bld 801 A, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Luka Rejc
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Luis M Liz-Marzán
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid 28029, Spain
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4
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Feiner IVJ, Pulagam KR, Uribe KB, Passannante R, Simó C, Zamacola K, Gómez-Vallejo V, Herrero-Álvarez N, Cossío U, Baz Z, Caffarel MM, Lawrie CH, Vugts DJ, Rejc L, Llop J. Pre-targeting with ultra-small nanoparticles: boron carbon dots as drug candidates for boron neutron capture therapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:410-420. [PMID: 33367431 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01880e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a promising cancer treatment exploiting the neutron capture capacity and subsequent fission reaction of boron-10. The emergence of nanotechnology has encouraged the development of nanocarriers capable of accumulating boron atoms preferentially in tumour cells. However, a long circulation time, required for high tumour accumulation, is usually accompanied by accumulation of the nanosystem in organs such as the liver and the spleen, which may cause off-target side effects. This could be overcome by using small-sized boron carriers via a pre-targeting strategy. Here, we report the preparation, characterisation and in vivo evaluation of tetrazine-functionalised boron-rich carbon dots, which show very fast clearance and low tumour uptake after intravenous administration in a mouse HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)-positive tumour model. Enhanced tumour accumulation was achieved when using a pretargeting approach, which was accomplished by a highly selective biorthogonal reaction at the tumour site with trans-cyclooctene-functionalised Trastuzumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene V J Feiner
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Krishna R Pulagam
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Kepa B Uribe
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Rossana Passannante
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Cristina Simó
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Kepa Zamacola
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Vanessa Gómez-Vallejo
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian, Spain.
| | | | - Unai Cossío
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Zuriñe Baz
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - María M Caffarel
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain and IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Charles H Lawrie
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain and IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain and Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Danielle J Vugts
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Dept. Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, The Netherlands
| | - Luka Rejc
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian, Spain. and University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jordi Llop
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian, Spain. and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Respiratorias - CIBERES, Madrid, Spain
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5
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Joya A, Ardaya M, Montilla A, Garbizu M, Plaza-García S, Gómez-Vallejo V, Padro D, Gutiérrez JJ, Rios X, Ramos-Cabrer P, Cossío U, Pulagam KR, Higuchi M, Domercq M, Cavaliere F, Matute C, Llop J, Martín A. In vivo multimodal imaging of adenosine A 1 receptors in neuroinflammation after experimental stroke. Theranostics 2021; 11:410-425. [PMID: 33391483 PMCID: PMC7681082 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine A1 receptors (A1ARs) are promising imaging biomarkers and targets for the treatment of stroke. Nevertheless, the role of A1ARs on ischemic damage and its subsequent neuroinflammatory response has been scarcely explored so far. Methods: In this study, the expression of A1ARs after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was evaluated by positron emission tomography (PET) with [18F]CPFPX and immunohistochemistry (IHC). In addition, the role of A1ARs on stroke inflammation using pharmacological modulation was assessed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), PET imaging with [18F]DPA-714 (TSPO) and [18F]FLT (cellular proliferation), as well as IHC and neurofunctional studies. Results: In the ischemic territory, [18F]CPFPX signal and IHC showed the overexpression of A1ARs in microglia and infiltrated leukocytes after cerebral ischemia. Ischemic rats treated with the A1AR agonist ENBA showed a significant decrease in both [18F]DPA-714 and [18F]FLT signal intensities at day 7 after cerebral ischemia, a feature that was confirmed by IHC results. Besides, the activation of A1ARs promoted the reduction of the brain lesion, as measured with T2W-MRI, and the improvement of neurological outcome including motor, sensory and reflex responses. These results show for the first time the in vivo PET imaging of A1ARs expression after cerebral ischemia in rats and the application of [18F]FLT to evaluate glial proliferation in response to treatment. Conclusion: Notably, these data provide evidence for A1ARs playing a key role in the control of both the activation of resident glia and the de novo proliferation of microglia and macrophages after experimental stroke in rats.
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Pulagam KR, Gómez-Vallejo V, Llop J, Rejc L. Radiochemistry: A Useful Tool in the Ophthalmic Drug Discovery. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:501-522. [PMID: 31142249 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190530122032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT) are ultra-sensitive, fully translational and minimally invasive nuclear imaging techniques capable of tracing the spatiotemporal distribution of positron (PET) or gamma (SPECT) emitter-labeled molecules after administration into a living organism. Besides their impact in the clinical diagnostic, PET and SPECT are playing an increasing role in the process of drug development, both during the evaluation of the pharmacokinetic properties of new chemical entities as well as in the proof of concept, proof of mechanism and proof of efficacy studies. However, they have been scarcely applied in the context of ophthalmic drugs. In this paper, the basics of nuclear imaging and radiochemistry are briefly discussed, and the few examples of the use of these imaging modalities in ophthalmic drug development reported in the literature are presented and discussed. Finally, in a purely theoretical exercise, some labeling strategies that could be applied to the preparation of selected ophthalmic drugs are proposed and potential applications of nuclear imaging in ophthalmology are projected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna R Pulagam
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Jordi Llop
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Luka Rejc
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, San Sebastian, Spain
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7
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Pulagam KR, Gona KB, Gómez-Vallejo V, Meijer J, Zilberfain C, Estrela-Lopis I, Baz Z, Cossío U, Llop J. Gold Nanoparticles as Boron Carriers for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy: Synthesis, Radiolabelling and In vivo Evaluation. Molecules 2019; 24:E3609. [PMID: 31591329 PMCID: PMC6804187 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a binary approach to cancer therapy that requires accumulation of boron atoms preferentially in tumour cells. This can be achieved by using nanoparticles as boron carriers and taking advantage of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Here, we present the preparation and characterization of size and shape-tuned gold NPs (AuNPs) stabilised with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and functionalized with the boron-rich anion cobalt bis(dicarbollide), commonly known as COSAN. The resulting NPs were radiolabelled with 124I both at the core and the shell, and were evaluated in vivo in a mouse model of human fibrosarcoma (HT1080 cells) using positron emission tomography (PET). Methods: The thiolated COSAN derivatives for subsequent attachment to the gold surface were synthesized by reaction of COSAN with tetrahydropyran (THP) followed by ring opening using potassium thioacetate (KSAc). Iodination on one of the boron atoms of the cluster was also carried out to enable subsequent radiolabelling of the boron cage. AuNPs grafted with mPEG-SH (5 Kda) and thiolated COSAN were prepared by ligand displacement. Radiolabelling was carried out both at the shell (isotopic exchange) and at the core (anionic absorption) of the NPs using 124I to enable PET imaging. Results: Stable gold nanoparticles simultaneously functionalised with PEG and COSAN (PEG-AuNPs@[4]-) with hydrodynamic diameter of 37.8 ± 0.5 nm, core diameter of 19.2 ± 1.4 nm and ξ-potential of -18.0 ± 0.7 mV were obtained. The presence of the COSAN on the surface of the NPs was confirmed by Raman Spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. PEG-AuNPs@[4]- could be efficiently labelled with 124I both at the core and the shell. Biodistribution studies in a xenograft mouse model of human fibrosarcoma showed major accumulation in liver, lungs and spleen, and poor accumulation in the tumour. The dual labelling approach confirmed the in vivo stability of the PEG-AuNPs@[4]-. Conclusions: PEG stabilized, COSAN-functionalised AuNPs could be synthesized, radiolabelled and evaluated in vivo using PET. The low tumour accumulation in the animal model assayed points to the need of tuning the size and geometry of the gold core for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna R Pulagam
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Kiran B Gona
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain.
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
| | | | - Jan Meijer
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Carolin Zilberfain
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Irina Estrela-Lopis
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Zuriñe Baz
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Unai Cossío
- Radioimaging and Image Analysis Platform, CIC biomaGUNE, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Jordi Llop
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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8
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Zabala A, Vazquez-Villoldo N, Rissiek B, Gejo J, Martin A, Palomino A, Perez-Samartín A, Pulagam KR, Lukowiak M, Capetillo-Zarate E, Llop J, Magnus T, Koch-Nolte F, Rassendren F, Matute C, Domercq M. P2X4 receptor controls microglia activation and favors remyelination in autoimmune encephalitis. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 10:emmm.201708743. [PMID: 29973381 PMCID: PMC6079537 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia survey the brain microenvironment for signals of injury or infection and are essential for the initiation and resolution of pathogen‐ or tissue damage‐induced inflammation. Understanding the mechanism of microglia responses during pathology is hence vital to promote regenerative responses. Here, we analyzed the role of purinergic receptor P2X4 (P2X4R) in microglia/macrophages during autoimmune inflammation. Blockade of P2X4R signaling exacerbated clinical signs in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model and also favored microglia activation to a pro‐inflammatory phenotype and inhibited myelin phagocytosis. Moreover, P2X4R blockade in microglia halted oligodendrocyte differentiation in vitro and remyelination after lysolecithin‐induced demyelination. Conversely, potentiation of P2X4R signaling by the allosteric modulator ivermectin (IVM) favored a switch in microglia to an anti‐inflammatory phenotype, potentiated myelin phagocytosis, promoted the remyelination response, and ameliorated clinical signs of EAE. Our results provide evidence that P2X4Rs modulate microglia/macrophage inflammatory responses and identify IVM as a potential candidate among currently used drugs to promote the repair of myelin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alazne Zabala
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neurosciences, CIBERNED and Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - Nuria Vazquez-Villoldo
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neurosciences, CIBERNED and Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - Björn Rissiek
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jon Gejo
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neurosciences, CIBERNED and Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - Abraham Martin
- Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Aitor Palomino
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neurosciences, CIBERNED and Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - Alberto Perez-Samartín
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neurosciences, CIBERNED and Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | | | - Marco Lukowiak
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Estibaliz Capetillo-Zarate
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neurosciences, CIBERNED and Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Tim Magnus
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Carlos Matute
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neurosciences, CIBERNED and Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - María Domercq
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neurosciences, CIBERNED and Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
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Colás L, Domercq M, Ramos-Cabrer P, Palma A, Gómez-Vallejo V, Padro D, Plaza-García S, Pulagam KR, Higuchi M, Matute C, Llop J, Martín A. In vivo imaging of Α7 nicotinic receptors as a novel method to monitor neuroinflammation after cerebral ischemia. Glia 2018. [PMID: 29528142 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) is a promising tool for the imaging evaluation of neurologic and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the role of α7 nAChRs after brain diseases such as cerebral ischemia and its involvement in inflammatory reaction is still largely unknown. In vivo and ex vivo evaluation of α7 nAChRs expression after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was carried out using PET imaging with [11 C]NS14492 and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Pharmacological activation of α7 receptors was evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), [18 F]DPA-714 PET, IHC, real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and neurofunctional studies. In the ischemic territory, [11 C]NS14492 signal and IHC showed an expression increase of α7 receptors in microglia and astrocytes after cerebral ischemia. The role played by α7 receptors on neuroinflammation was supported by the decrease of [18 F]DPA-714 binding in ischemic rats treated with the α7 agonist PHA 568487 at day 7 after MCAO. Moreover, compared with non-treated MCAO rats, PHA-treated ischemic rats showed a significant reduction of the cerebral infarct volumes and an improvement of the neurologic outcome. PHA treatment significantly reduced the expression of leukocyte infiltration molecules in MCAO rats and in endothelial cells after in vitro ischemia. Despite that, the activation of α7 nAChR had no influence to the blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability measured by MRI. Taken together, these results suggest that the nicotinic α7 nAChRs play a key role in the inflammatory reaction and the leukocyte recruitment following cerebral ischemia in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Colás
- Experimental Molecular Imaging, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, P° Miramon 182, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Maria Domercq
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience-UPV/EHU, 48170 Zamudio, Spain and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Pedro Ramos-Cabrer
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, P° Miramon 182, San Sebastian, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ana Palma
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience-UPV/EHU, 48170 Zamudio, Spain and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Vanessa Gómez-Vallejo
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, P° Miramon 182, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Daniel Padro
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, P° Miramon 182, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Sandra Plaza-García
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, P° Miramon 182, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Krishna R Pulagam
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, P° Miramon 182, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Carlos Matute
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience-UPV/EHU, 48170 Zamudio, Spain and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, P° Miramon 182, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Abraham Martín
- Experimental Molecular Imaging, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, P° Miramon 182, San Sebastian, Spain
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10
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Pulagam KR, Colás L, Padro D, Plaza-García S, Gómez-Vallejo V, Higuchi M, Llop J, Martín A. Evaluation of the novel TSPO radiotracer [ 18F] VUIIS1008 in a preclinical model of cerebral ischemia in rats. EJNMMI Res 2017; 7:93. [PMID: 29177913 PMCID: PMC5701906 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-017-0343-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vivo positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging of transporter protein (TSPO) expression is an attractive and indispensable tool for the diagnosis and therapy evaluation of neuroinflammation after cerebral ischemia. Despite several radiotracers have shown an excellent capacity to image neuroinflammation, novel radiotracers such as [18F] VUIIS1008 have shown promising properties to visualize and quantify the in vivo expression of TSPO. METHODS Longitudinal in vivo magnetic resonance (MRI) and PET imaging studies with the novel TSPO radiotracer 2-(5,7-diethyl-2-(4-(2-[18F] fluoroethoxy) phenyl) pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyrimidin-3-yl)-N, N-diethylacetamide ([18F] VUIIS1008), and (N, N-diethyl-2-(2-[4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl]-5,7-dimethyl-pyrazolo [1,5-a] yrimidin-3-yl)-acetamide ([18F] DPA-714) were carried out before and at days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 following the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. RESULTS MRI images showed the extension and evolution of the brain infarction after ischemic stroke in rats. PET imaging with [18F] VUIIS1008 and [18F] DPA714 showed a progressive increase in the ischemic brain hemisphere during the first week, peaking at day 7 and followed by a decline from days 14 to 28 after cerebral ischemia. [18F] DPA714 uptake showed a mild uptake increase compared to [18F] VUIIS1008 in TSPO-rich ischemic brain regions. In vivo [18F] VUIIS1008 binding displacement with VUIIS1008 was more efficient than DPA714. Finally, immunohistochemistry confirmed a high expression of TSPO in microglial cells at day 7 after the MCAO in rats. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these results suggest that [18F] VUIIS1008 could become a valuable tool for the diagnosis and treatment evaluation of neuroinflammation following ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna R Pulagam
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, P° Miramon 182, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Lorena Colás
- Experimental Molecular Imaging, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, P° Miramon 182, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Daniel Padro
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, P° Miramon 182, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Sandra Plaza-García
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, P° Miramon 182, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Vanessa Gómez-Vallejo
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, P° Miramon 182, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jordi Llop
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, P° Miramon 182, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Abraham Martín
- Experimental Molecular Imaging, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, P° Miramon 182, San Sebastian, Spain.
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11
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Joshi SM, Mane RB, Pulagam KR, Gomez-Vallejo V, Llop J, Rode C. The microwave-assisted synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles via [3+2] cycloaddition over a heterogeneous Cu-based catalyst: application to the preparation of 13N-labelled tetrazoles. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj00568g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The [3+2] cycloaddition between various nitriles and sodium azide proceeds smoothly in the presence of a new CuII catalyst in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) to give the corresponding 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer M. Joshi
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group
- CIC biomaGUNE
- 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
| | - Rasika B. Mane
- Chemical Engineering & Process Development Division
- National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Krishna R. Pulagam
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group
- CIC biomaGUNE
- 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
| | | | - Jordi Llop
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group
- CIC biomaGUNE
- 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
| | - Chandrashekhar Rode
- Chemical Engineering & Process Development Division
- National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
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