1
|
Du F, Rupp H, Jariyavidyanont K, Janke A, Petzold A, Binder W, Androsch R. 3D-printing of the polymer/insect-repellent system poly(l-lactic acid)/ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate (PLLA/IR3535). Int J Pharm 2022; 624:122023. [PMID: 35843363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The polymer/solvent system poly(l-lactic acid)/ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate (PLLA/IR3535) is regarded as an insect-repellent-delivery system, serving, e.g., for fighting mosquito-borne tropical diseases. In such systems the solid polymer hosts the liquid repellent, with the latter slowly released to the environment, expelling mosquitoes. As a new approach, exceeding prior work about application of different technologies to obtain such devices, in this work, samples of the polymer/repellent system PLLA/IR3535 were prepared by 3D-printing. The experiments showed that it is possible to print 3D-parts containing up to 25 m% repellent, with an only minor loss of repellent during the printing process. For samples containing low amount of repellent, crystallization of PLLA was suppressed due to the rather fast cooling step and the low bed temperature of around 25 °C, being lower than the glass transition temperature of the homogeneous polymer/repellent strands. At higher repellent concentration, due to the lowering of the glass transition temperature to near or even below ambient temperature, the crystallinity slowly increased during storage after printing. For all samples, regardless of the initial repellent concentration, the repellent-release rate increases with temperature, and at ambient temperature the release-time constant is in the order of 10 days. The study successfully proved the applicability of the technology of extrusion-based 3D-printing for the preparation of polymer parts with a specific shape/design containing mosquito-repellent at a concentration which raises the expectation to be used as a repellent delivery-device.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Du
- Interdisciplinary Center for Transfer-oriented Research in Natural Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Harald Rupp
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Katalee Jariyavidyanont
- Interdisciplinary Center for Transfer-oriented Research in Natural Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Andreas Janke
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Albrecht Petzold
- Institute of Physics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Binder
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle/Saale, Germany.
| | - René Androsch
- Interdisciplinary Center for Transfer-oriented Research in Natural Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle/Saale, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Poly(butylene succinate) matrices obtained by thermally-induced phase separation: Pore shape and orientation affect drug release. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
3
|
Yener H, Erdmann R, Jariyavidyanont K, Mapossa A, Focke WW, Hillrichs G, Androsch R. Slow-DEET-Release Mosquito-Repellent System Based on Poly(butylene succinate). ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:8377-8384. [PMID: 35309496 PMCID: PMC8928517 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bio-sourced and biodegradable poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) strands containing up to 40 m% mosquito-repellent N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) were obtained by extrusion, for an initial evaluation of the DEET evaporation characteristics and the possible application of such strands as biodegradable slow-release repellent-delivery devices. For DEET concentrations up to 20 m%, DEET is entrapped in the semicrystalline spherulitic superstructure of PBS. In contrast, at higher DEET concentrations, the liquid repellent, at least partially, is not fully incorporated in the PBS spherulites rather than segregates to form an own macrophase. Quantification of the release of DEET to the environment by thermogravimetric analysis at different temperatures between 60 and 100 °C allowed estimation of the evaporation rate at lower service temperatures, suggesting an extremely low release rate with a time constant of the order of magnitude of 1-2 years at 25 °C, independent of the initial concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hande
Ece Yener
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Transfer-oriented Research in Natural Sciences (IWE TFN), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Rafael Erdmann
- Institute
for Biopolymers and Sustainability (ibp), University of Applied Sciences Hof, Alfons-Goppel-Platz 1, 95028 Hof/Saale, Germany
| | - Katalee Jariyavidyanont
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Transfer-oriented Research in Natural Sciences (IWE TFN), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - António
B. Mapossa
- Institute
of Applied Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
- Institute
for Sustainable Malaria Control & MRC Collaborating Centre for
Malaria Research, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Walter W. Focke
- Institute
of Applied Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
- Institute
for Sustainable Malaria Control & MRC Collaborating Centre for
Malaria Research, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Georg Hillrichs
- Department
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University
of Applied Sciences Merseburg, Eberhard-Leibnitz-Straße 2, 06217 Merseburg, Germany
| | - René Androsch
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Transfer-oriented Research in Natural Sciences (IWE TFN), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle/Saale, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang R, Jariyavidyanont K, Zhuravlev E, Schick C, Androsch R. Zero-Entropy-Production Melting Temperature of Crystals of Poly(butylene succinate) Formed at High Supercooling of the Melt. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Center for Transfer-oriented Research in Natural Sciences (IWE TFN), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Katalee Jariyavidyanont
- Interdisciplinary Center for Transfer-oriented Research in Natural Sciences (IWE TFN), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Evgeny Zhuravlev
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Schick
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - René Androsch
- Interdisciplinary Center for Transfer-oriented Research in Natural Sciences (IWE TFN), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle/Saale, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
|
6
|
Mapossa AB, López-Beceiro J, Díaz-Díaz AM, Artiaga R, Moyo DS, Mphateng TN, Focke WW. Properties of Mosquito Repellent-Plasticized Poly(lactic acid) Strands. Molecules 2021; 26:5890. [PMID: 34641433 PMCID: PMC8512872 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is an attractive candidate for replacing petrochemical polymers because it is fully biodegradable. This study investigated the potential of PLA as a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative material that can be developed into commercially viable wearable mosquito repellent devices with desirable characteristics. PLA strands containing DEET and IR3535 were prepared by twin screw extrusion compounding and simultaneously functioned as plasticizers for the polymer. The plasticizing effect was investigated by thermal and rheological studies. DSC studies showed that the addition of DEET and IR3535 into PLA strands reduced the glass transition temperature consistent with predictions of the Fox equation, thus proving their efficiency as plasticizers. The rheology of molten samples of neat PLA and PLA/repellents blends, evaluated at 200 °C, was consistent with shear-thinning pseudoplastic behaviour. Raman studies revealed a nonlinear concentration gradient for DEET in the PLA strand, indicating non-Fickian Type II transport controlling the desorption process. Release data obtained at 50 °C showed initial rapid release followed by a slower, near constant rate at longer times. The release rate data were fitted to a novel modification of the Peppas-Sahlin desorption model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- António B. Mapossa
- Institute of Applied Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (T.N.M.); (W.W.F.)
- UP Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control & MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa;
| | - Jorge López-Beceiro
- Higher Polytechnical School, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15471 Ferrol, Spain; (J.L.-B.); (A.M.D.-D.); (R.A.)
| | - Ana María Díaz-Díaz
- Higher Polytechnical School, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15471 Ferrol, Spain; (J.L.-B.); (A.M.D.-D.); (R.A.)
| | - Ramón Artiaga
- Higher Polytechnical School, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15471 Ferrol, Spain; (J.L.-B.); (A.M.D.-D.); (R.A.)
| | - Dennis S. Moyo
- UP Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control & MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa;
- Institute of Applied Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Thabang N. Mphateng
- Institute of Applied Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (T.N.M.); (W.W.F.)
| | - Walter W. Focke
- Institute of Applied Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (T.N.M.); (W.W.F.)
- UP Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control & MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Du F, Yener HE, Hillrichs G, Boldt R, Androsch R. Crystallization-Induced Polymer Scaffold Formation in the Polymer/Drug Delivery System Poly(l-lactic acid)/Ethyl Butylacetylaminopropionate (PLLA/IR3535). Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3950-3959. [PMID: 34428015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polymer/mosquito-repellent scaffolds exhibit increasing importance in long-lasting human skin protection to be used as wearable devices and allowing for controlled release of repellents. In this study, ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate (IR3535) was used as a human and environmental friendly active mosquito-repellent serving as a solvent to form functional poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) scaffolds by crystallization-based solid-liquid thermally induced phase separation. Crystallization of PLLA in the presence of IR3535 is faster than melt-crystallization of neat PLLA, and in the investigated concentration range from 5 to 50 mass % PLLA, its maximum crystallization rate increases with the PLLA content, by both, increases of the maximum crystal growth rate and of the nuclei density. By adjusting the polymer concentration and the crystallization temperature, microporous scaffolds of different fine structures are obtained, hosting the mosquito-repellent in intra- and interspherulitic pores for its intended later evaporation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Du
- Interdisciplinary Center for Transfer-oriented Research in Natural Sciences (IWE TFN), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Hande Ece Yener
- Interdisciplinary Center for Transfer-oriented Research in Natural Sciences (IWE TFN), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Georg Hillrichs
- Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Merseburg, D-06217 Merseburg, Germany
| | - Regine Boldt
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung e. V. Dresden (IPF), Hohe Strasse 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - René Androsch
- Interdisciplinary Center for Transfer-oriented Research in Natural Sciences (IWE TFN), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle/Saale, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sitoe AJ, Pretorius F, Focke WW, Androsch R, du Toit EL. Solid–liquid–liquid phase envelopes from temperature-scanned refractive index data. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2021-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A novel method for estimating the upper critical solution temperature (UCST) of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET)-polyethylene systems was developed. It was validated using data for the dimethylacetamide (DMA)-alkane systems which showed that refractive index mixing rules, linear in volume fraction, can accurately predict mixture composition for amide-alkane systems. Furthermore, rescaling the composition descriptor with a single adjustable parameter proved adequate to address any asymmetry when modeling the DMA-alkane phase envelopes. This allowed the translation of measured refractive index cooling trajectories of DEET-alkane systems into phase diagrams and facilitated the estimation of the UCST values by fitting the data with an adjusted composition descriptor model. For both the DEET- and DMA-alkane systems, linear behavior of UCST values in either the Flory–Huggins critical interaction parameter, or the alkane critical temperature, with increasing alkane molar mass is evident. The UCST values for polymer diluent systems were estimated by extrapolation using these two complimentary approaches. For the DEET-polyethylene system, values of 183.4 and 180.1 °C respectively were obtained. Both estimates are significantly higher than the melting temperature range of polyethylene. Initial liquid–liquid phase separation is therefore likely to be responsible for the previously reported microporous microstructure of materials formed from this binary system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alcides J. Sitoe
- Department of Chemical Engineering , UP Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control & MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, University of Pretoria , Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028 , Pretoria , South Africa
| | - Franco Pretorius
- Department of Chemical Engineering , UP Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control & MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, University of Pretoria , Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028 , Pretoria , South Africa
| | - Walter W. Focke
- Department of Chemical Engineering , UP Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control & MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, University of Pretoria , Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028 , Pretoria , South Africa
| | - René Androsch
- Interdisciplinary Center for Transfer-Oriented Research in Natural Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , D-06099 Halle/Saale , Germany
| | - Elizabeth L. du Toit
- Department of Chemical Engineering , UP Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control & MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, University of Pretoria , Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028 , Pretoria , South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Schick C, Toda A, Androsch R. The Narrow Thickness Distribution of Lamellae of Poly(butylene succinate) Formed at Low Melt Supercooling. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schick
- Institute of Physics and Competence Center CALOR, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany
- Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Akihiko Toda
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - René Androsch
- Interdisciplinary Center for Transfer-oriented Research in Natural Sciences (IWE TFN), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle/Saale, Germany
| |
Collapse
|