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Hassani M, Moutachi D, Lemaitre M, Boulinguiez A, Furling D, Agbulut O, Ferry A. Beneficial effects of resistance training on both mild and severe mouse dystrophic muscle function as a preclinical option for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295700. [PMID: 38457407 PMCID: PMC10923407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanical overloading (OVL) resulting from the ablation of muscle agonists, a supra-physiological model of resistance training, reduces skeletal muscle fragility, i.e. the immediate maximal force drop following lengthening contractions, and increases maximal force production, in mdx mice, a murine model of Duchene muscular dystrophy (DMD). Here, we further analyzed these beneficial effects of OVL by determining whether they were blocked by cyclosporin, an inhibitor of the calcineurin pathway, and whether there were also observed in the D2-mdx mice, a more severe murine DMD model. We found that cyclosporin did not block the beneficial effect of 1-month OVL on plantaris muscle fragility in mdx mice, nor did it limit the increases in maximal force and muscle weight (an index of hypertrophy). Fragility and maximal force were also ameliorated by OVL in the plantaris muscle of D2-mdx mice. In addition, OVL increased the expression of utrophin, cytoplamic γ-actin, MyoD, and p-Akt in the D2-mdx mice, proteins playing an important role in fragility, maximal force gain and muscle growth. In conclusion, OVL reduced fragility and increased maximal force in the more frequently used mild mdx model but also in D2-mdx mice, a severe model of DMD, closer to human physiopathology. Moreover, these beneficial effects of OVL did not seem to be related to the activation of the calcineurin pathway. Thus, this preclinical study suggests that resistance training could have a potential benefit in the improvement of the quality of life of DMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medhi Hassani
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM ERL U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, F-75013 France
| | - Dylan Moutachi
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | | | - Alexis Boulinguiez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Denis Furling
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Onnik Agbulut
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM ERL U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, F-75013 France
| | - Arnaud Ferry
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France
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2
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Liu M, Liu Y, Li X, Pei M, Han M, Qi F. Dexmedetomidine inhibits abnormal muscle hypertrophy of myofascial trigger points via TNF-α/ NF-κB signaling pathway in rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1031804. [PMID: 36408215 PMCID: PMC9669483 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1031804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a chronic pain disorder with inflammation-related primarily characterized by the presence of myofascial trigger points (MTrPs). Myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) is involved in the occurrence of a variety of skeletal muscle diseases. However, it is not yet clear if MEF2C is involved in MTrPs. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether MEF2C was involved in the inflammatory pathogenesis of MTrPs. In the present study, we used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to compare the differential expression of myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) in healthy participants and MTrPs participants. The widely used rat MTrPs model was established to research the upstream and downstream regulatory mechanism of MEF2C and found that MEF2C was significantly increased in patients with MTrPs. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) was injected intramuscularly in the MTrPs animal to assess its effects on MEF2C. The expression of MEF2C protein and mRNA in skeletal muscle of rats in the MTrPs group were up-regulated. In addition, the expression of TNF- α, p-P65, MLCK, and Myocilin (MyoC) was up-regulated and the mechanical pain threshold was decreased. Peripheral TNF- α injection significantly decreased the mechanical pain threshold and increased the expression of p-P65, MLCK, MEF2C, and MyoC in healthy rats. Maslinic acid increased the mechanical pain threshold and inhibited the expression of p-P65, MLCK, MEF2C, and MyoC. In addition, peripheral injection of DEX in MTrPs rats also inhibited the expression of TNF- α, p-P65, MLCK, MEF2C, and MyoC. These results suggest that MEF2C is involved in the inflammatory pathogenesis of MTrPs and DEX serves as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjian Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Miao Pei
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Anesthesiology Clinic, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of the Quality Management, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Mei Han, ; Feng Qi,
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Mei Han, ; Feng Qi,
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3
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Zhang Z, Lin S, Luo W, Ren T, Huang X, Li W, Zhang X. Sox6 Differentially Regulates Inherited Myogenic Abilities and Muscle Fiber Types of Satellite Cells Derived from Fast- and Slow-Type Muscles. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911327. [PMID: 36232654 PMCID: PMC9569562 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle is primarily divided into fast and slow-type muscles, which have distinct capacities for regeneration, metabolism and contractibility. Satellite cells plays an important role in adult skeletal muscle. However, the underlying mechanisms of satellite cell myogenesis are poorly understood. We previously found that Sox6 was highly expressed in adult fast-type muscle. Therefore, we aimed to validate the satellite cell myogenesis from different muscle fiber types and investigate the regulation of Sox6 on satellite cell myogenesis. First, we isolated satellite cells from fast- and slow-type muscles individually. We found that satellite cells derived from different muscle fiber types generated myotubes similar to their origin types. Further, we observed that cells derived from fast muscles had a higher efficiency to proliferate but lower potential to self-renew compared to the cells derived from slow muscles. Then we demonstrated that Sox6 facilitated the development of satellite cells-derived myotubes toward their inherent muscle fiber types. We revealed that higher expression of Nfix during the differentiation of fast-type muscle-derived myogenic cells inhibited the transcription of slow-type isoforms (MyH7B, Tnnc1) by binding to Sox6. On the other hand, Sox6 activated Mef2C to promote the slow fiber formation in slow-type muscle-derived myogenic cells with Nfix low expression, showing a different effect of Sox6 on the regulation of satellite cell development. Our findings demonstrated that satellite cells, the myogenic progenitor cells, tend to develop towards the fiber type similar to where they originated. The expression of Sox6 and Nfix partially explain the developmental differences of myogenic cells derived from fast- and slow-type muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shudai Lin
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Tuanhui Ren
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wangyu Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence:
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4
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Attwaters M, Hughes SM. Cellular and molecular pathways controlling muscle size in response to exercise. FEBS J 2022; 289:1428-1456. [PMID: 33755332 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
From the discovery of ATP and motor proteins to synaptic neurotransmitters and growth factor control of cell differentiation, skeletal muscle has provided an extreme model system in which to understand aspects of tissue function. Muscle is one of the few tissues that can undergo both increase and decrease in size during everyday life. Muscle size depends on its contractile activity, but the precise cellular and molecular pathway(s) by which the activity stimulus influences muscle size and strength remain unclear. Four correlates of muscle contraction could, in theory, regulate muscle growth: nerve-derived signals, cytoplasmic calcium dynamics, the rate of ATP consumption and physical force. Here, we summarise the evidence for and against each stimulus and what is known or remains unclear concerning their molecular signal transduction pathways and cellular effects. Skeletal muscle can grow in three ways, by generation of new syncytial fibres, addition of nuclei from muscle stem cells to existing fibres or increase in cytoplasmic volume/nucleus. Evidence suggests the latter two processes contribute to exercise-induced growth. Fibre growth requires increase in sarcolemmal surface area and cytoplasmic volume at different rates. It has long been known that high-force exercise is a particularly effective growth stimulus, but how this stimulus is sensed and drives coordinated growth that is appropriately scaled across organelles remains a mystery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Attwaters
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, UK
| | - Simon M Hughes
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, UK
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5
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Chambers PJ, Juracic ES, Fajardo VA, Tupling AR. The role of SERCA and sarcolipin in adaptive muscle remodeling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C382-C394. [PMID: 35044855 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00198.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sarcolipin (SLN) is a small integral membrane protein that regulates the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) pump. When bound to SERCA, SLN reduces the apparent Ca2+ affinity of SERCA and uncouples SERCA Ca2+ transport from its ATP consumption. As such, SLN plays a direct role in altering skeletal muscle relaxation and energy expenditure. Interestingly, the expression of SLN is dynamic during times of muscle adaptation, where large increases in SLN content are found in response to development, atrophy, overload and disease. Several groups have suggested that increases in SLN, especially in dystrophic muscle, are deleterious to muscle function and exacerbate already abhorrent intracellular Ca2+ levels. However, there is also significant evidence to show that increased SLN content is a beneficial adaptive mechanism which protects the SERCA pump and activates Ca2+ signaling and adaptive remodeling during times of cell stress. In this review, we first discuss the role for SLN in healthy muscle during both development and overload, where SLN has been shown to activate Ca2+ signaling to promote mitochondrial biogenesis, fibre type shifts and muscle hypertrophy. Then, with respect to muscle disease, we summarize the discrepancies in the literature as to whether SLN upregulation is adaptive or maladaptive in nature. This review is the first to offer the concept of SLN hormesis in muscle disease, wherein both too much and too little SLN are detrimental to muscle health. Finally, the underlying mechanisms which activate SLN upregulation are discussed, specifically acknowledging a potential positive feedback loop between SLN and Ca2+ signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige J Chambers
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emma S Juracic
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Val A Fajardo
- Department Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Russell Tupling
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Aoi W, Hirano N, Lassiter DG, Björnholm M, Chibalin AV, Sakuma K, Tanimura Y, Mizushima K, Takagi T, Naito Y, Zierath JR, Krook A. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) improves glucose tolerance via AMP-activated protein kinase activation. FASEB J 2019; 33:10551-10562. [PMID: 31225998 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900453r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
During exercise, skeletal muscles release cytokines, peptides, and metabolites that exert autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine effects on glucose homeostasis. In this study, we investigated the effects of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), an exercise-responsive myokine, on glucose metabolism in human and mouse skeletal muscle. SPARC-knockout mice showed impaired systemic metabolism and reduced phosphorylation of AMPK and protein kinase B in skeletal muscle. Treatment of SPARC-knockout mice with recombinant SPARC improved glucose tolerance and concomitantly activated AMPK in skeletal muscle. These effects were dependent on AMPK-γ3 because SPARC treatment enhanced skeletal muscle glucose uptake in wild-type mice but not in AMPK-γ3-knockout mice. SPARC strongly interacted with the voltage-dependent calcium channel, and inhibition of calcium-dependent signaling prevented SPARC-induced AMPK phosphorylation in human and mouse myotubes. Finally, chronic SPARC treatment improved systemic glucose tolerance and AMPK signaling in skeletal muscle of high-fat diet-induced obese mice, highlighting the efficacy of SPARC treatment in the management of metabolic diseases. Thus, our findings suggest that SPARC treatment mimics the effects of exercise on glucose tolerance by enhancing AMPK-dependent glucose uptake in skeletal muscle.-Aoi, W., Hirano, N., Lassiter, D. G., Björnholm, M., Chibalin, A. V., Sakuma, K., Tanimura, Y., Mizushima, K., Takagi, T., Naito, Y., Zierath, J. R., Krook, A. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) improves glucose tolerance via AMP-activated protein kinase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Aoi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nariyuki Hirano
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - David G Lassiter
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Björnholm
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander V Chibalin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kunihiro Sakuma
- Institute for Liberal Arts, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Tanimura
- Faculty of Human, Aichi-Toho University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsura Mizushima
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Takagi
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Naito
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Krook
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Asami Y, Aizawa M, Kinoshita M, Ishikawa J, Sakuma K. Resveratrol attenuates denervation-induced muscle atrophy due to the blockade of atrogin-1 and p62 accumulation. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:628-637. [PMID: 29725254 PMCID: PMC5930465 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.22723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Decrease in activity stress induces skeletal muscle atrophy. A previous study showed that treatment with resveratrol inhibits muscular atrophy in mdx mice, a model of DMD. However, almost all studies using resveratrol supplementation have only looked at adaptive changes in the muscle weight. The present study was designed to elucidate whether the resveratrol-inducing attenuation of skeletal muscle actually reflects the adaptation of muscle fibers themselves, based on the modulation of atrogin-1- or p62-dependent signaling. Mice were fed either a normal diet or 0.5% resveratrol diet. One week later, the right sciatic nerve was cut. The wet weight, mean fiber area, and amount of atrogin-1 and p62 proteins were examined in the gastrocnemius muscle at 14 days after denervation. The 0.5% resveratrol diet significantly prevented denervation-induced decreases in both the muscle weight and fiber atrophy. In addition, dietary resveratrol suppressed the denervation-induced atrogin-1 and p62 immunoreactivity. In contrast, 0.5% resveratrol supplementation did not significantly modulate the total protein amount of atrogin-1 or p62 in the denervated muscle of mice. Resveratrol supplementation significantly prevents muscle atrophy after denervation in mice, possibly due to the decrease in atrogin-1 and p62-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Asami
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Miki Aizawa
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Masakazu Kinoshita
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Junji Ishikawa
- FANCL Research Institute, 12-13 Kamishinano, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, 244-0806, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Sakuma
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan.,Institute for Liberal Arts, Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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8
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Tabata S, Aizawa M, Kinoshita M, Ito Y, Kawamura Y, Takebe M, Pan W, Sakuma K. The influence of isoflavone for denervation-induced muscle atrophy. Eur J Nutr 2017; 58:291-300. [PMID: 29236164 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Decrease in activity stress induces skeletal muscle atrophy. A previous study showed that treatment with a high level (20%) of isoflavone inhibits muscle atrophy after short-term denervation (at 4 days) in mice. The present study was designed to elucidate whether the dietary isoflavone aglycone (AglyMax) at a 0.6% prevents denervation-mediated muscle atrophy, based on the modulation of atrogin-1- or apoptosis-dependent signaling. METHODS Mice were fed either a normal diet or 0.6% AglyMax diet. One week later, the right sciatic nerve was cut. The wet weight, mean fiber area, amount of atrogin-1 and cleaved caspase-3 proteins, and the percentages of apoptotic nuclei were examined in the gastrocnemius muscle at 14 days after denervation. RESULTS The 0.6% AglyMax diet significantly attenuated denervation-induced decreases in fiber atrophy but not the muscle wet weight. In addition, dietary isoflavone suppressed the denervation-induced apoptosis in spite of there being no significant changes in the amount of cleaved caspase-3 protein. In contrast, the 0.6% AglyMax diet did not significantly modulate the protein expression of atrogin-1 in the denervated muscle of mice. CONCLUSIONS The isoflavone aglycone (AglyMax) at a 0.6% significantly would modulate muscle atrophy after denervation in mice, probably due to the decrease in apoptosis-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinpei Tabata
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Miki Aizawa
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Masakazu Kinoshita
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ito
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawamura
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | | | - Weijun Pan
- Nichimo Biotics Company, Tokyo, 140-0002, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Sakuma
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan. .,Institute for Liberal Arts, Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan.
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9
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Changes in Pre- and Post-Exercise Gene Expression among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Kidney Transplant Recipients. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160327. [PMID: 27518102 PMCID: PMC4982681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Decreased insulin sensitivity blunts the normal increase in gene expression from skeletal muscle after exercise. In addition, chronic inflammation decreases insulin sensitivity. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an inflammatory state. How CKD and, subsequently, kidney transplantation affects skeletal muscle gene expression after exercise are unknown. Methods Study cohort: non-diabetic male/female 4/1, age 52±2 years, with end-stage CKD who underwent successful kidney transplantation. The following were measured both pre-transplant and post-transplant and compared to normals: Inflammatory markers, euglycemic insulin clamp studies determine insulin sensitivity, and skeletal muscle biopsies performed before and within 30 minutes after an acute exercise protocol. Microarray analyses were performed on the skeletal muscle using the 4x44K Whole Human Genome Microarrays. Since nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) plays an important role in T cell activation and calcineurin inhibitors are mainstay immunosuppression, calcineurin/NFAT pathway gene expression was compared at rest and after exercise. Log transformation was performed to prevent skewing of data and regression analyses comparing measures pre- and post-transplant performed. Result Markers of inflammation significantly improved post-transplantation. Insulin infusion raised glucose disposal slightly lower post-transplant compared to pre-transplant, but not significantly, thus concluding differences in insulin sensitivity were similar. The overall pattern of gene expression in response to exercise was reduced both pre-and post-transplant compared to healthy volunteers. Although significant changes were observed among NFAT/Calcineurin gene at rest and after exercise in normal cohort, there were no significant differences comparing NFAT/calcineurin pathway gene expression pre- and post-transplant. Conclusions Despite an improvement in serum inflammatory markers, no significant differences in glucose disposal were observed post-transplant. The reduced skeletal muscle gene expression, including NFAT/calcineurin gene expression, in response to a single bout of exercise was not improved post-transplant. This study suggests that the improvements in inflammatory mediators post-transplant are unrelated to changes of NFAT/calcineurin gene expression.
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10
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Sakuma K, Kinoshita M, Ito Y, Aizawa M, Aoi W, Yamaguchi A. p62/SQSTM1 but not LC3 is accumulated in sarcopenic muscle of mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2016; 7:204-12. [PMID: 27493873 PMCID: PMC4864138 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM We investigated the pathway of autophagy signaling linked to sarcopenia of mice. METHODS Young adult (3-month) and aged (24- month) C57BL/6J mice were used. Using real-time PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical microscopy, we evaluated the amounts of p62/SQSTM1, LC3, and Beclin-1 in the quadriceps muscle change with aging in mice. RESULTS Marked fiber atrophy (30%) and many fibers with central nuclei were observed in the aged mice. Western blotting using homogenate of the cytosolic fraction clearly showed that the amounts of p62/SQSTM1 and Beclin-1 proteins were significantly increased in the aged skeletal muscle. The amounts of these proteins in both nuclear and membrane fractions did not change significantly with age. Immunofluorescence labeling indicated that aged mice more frequently possessed p62/SQSTM1-positive fibers in the cytosol in quadriceps muscle than young ones (aged: 14% vs. young: 1%). In aged muscle, p62/SQSTM1-positive fibers were significantly smaller than the surrounding p62/SQSTM1-negative fibers. Aging did not elicit significant changes in the mRNA levels of p62/SQSTM1 and Beclin-1, but decreased LC3 mRNA level. In aged muscle, the location of p62/SQSTM1 immunoreactivity was similar to that of Beclin-1 protein, but not LC3. CONCLUSION Sarcopenia in mice appears to include a marked defect of autophagy signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiro Sakuma
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and HealthToyohashi University of TechnologyToyohashi, 1‐1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku‐cho441‐8580Japan
| | - Masakazu Kinoshita
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and HealthToyohashi University of TechnologyToyohashi, 1‐1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku‐cho441‐8580Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ito
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and HealthToyohashi University of TechnologyToyohashi, 1‐1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku‐cho441‐8580Japan
| | - Miki Aizawa
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and HealthToyohashi University of TechnologyToyohashi, 1‐1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku‐cho441‐8580Japan
| | - Wataru Aoi
- Laboratory of Health Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental SciencesKyoto Prefectural UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Akihiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Physical TherapyHealth Sciences University of HokkaidoKanazawaIshikari‐Tobetsu, HokkaidoJapan
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Prevention of recurrent episodes of rhabdomyolysis with tacrolimus in a transplant recipient with myopathy. Am J Ther 2015; 21:e171-4. [PMID: 23429166 DOI: 10.1097/mjt.0b013e318274df46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Genetic muscular disorders are known risk factors for rhabdomyolysis, which may result in acute kidney injury. Recurrent episodes of acute kidney injury can lead to chronic kidney disease and eventually end-stage renal failure. We describe a patient with chronic kidney disease that developed in the setting of recurrent rhabdomyolysis, resulting in the requirement for renal transplantation. After transplantation, the maintenance of tacrolimus trough concentrations above what is typically prescribed for standard renal transplant recipients appeared to confer protection from further episodes of rhabdomyolysis. This is consistent with previous case series that demonstrated a therapeutic benefit of the calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporine in collagen VI myopathies in the nontransplant population. This case report suggests the potential application of higher tacrolimus targets in patients who have undergone renal transplantation in the setting of recurrent rhabdomyolysis leading to end-stage renal failure.
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Qin W, Pan J, Wu Y, Bauman WA, Cardozo C. Anabolic steroids activate calcineurin-NFAT signaling and thereby increase myotube size and reduce denervation atrophy. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 399:336-45. [PMID: 25450864 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Anabolic androgens have been shown to reduce muscle loss due to immobilization, paralysis and many other medical conditions, but the molecular basis for these actions is poorly understood. We have recently demonstrated that nandrolone, a synthetic androgen, slows muscle atrophy after nerve transection associated with down-regulation of regulator of calcineurin 2 (RCAN2), a calcineurin inhibitor, suggesting a possible role of calcineurin-NFAT signaling. To test this possibility, rat gastrocnemius muscle was analyzed at 56 days after denervation. In denervated muscle, calcineurin activity declined and NFATc4 was excluded from the nucleus and these effects were reversed by nandrolone. Similarly, nandrolone increased calcineurin activity and nuclear NFATc4 levels in cultured L6 myotubes. Nandrolone also induced cell hypertrophy that was blocked by cyclosporin A or overexpression of RCAN2. Finally protection against denervation atrophy by nandrolone in rats was blocked by cyclosporin A. These results demonstrate for the first time that nandrolone activates calcineurin-NFAT signaling, and that such signaling is important in nandrolone-induced cell hypertrophy and protection against paralysis-induced muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Qin
- Center of Excellence for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10468, USA; Departments of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.
| | - Jiangping Pan
- Center of Excellence for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10468, USA
| | - Yong Wu
- Center of Excellence for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10468, USA
| | - William A Bauman
- Center of Excellence for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10468, USA; Departments of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA; Rehabilitation Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Christopher Cardozo
- Center of Excellence for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10468, USA; Departments of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA; Rehabilitation Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.
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Ca2+-dependent regulations and signaling in skeletal muscle: from electro-mechanical coupling to adaptation. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:1066-95. [PMID: 25569087 PMCID: PMC4307291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16011066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) plays a pivotal role in almost all cellular processes and ensures the functionality of an organism. In skeletal muscle fibers, Ca(2+) is critically involved in the innervation of skeletal muscle fibers that results in the exertion of an action potential along the muscle fiber membrane, the prerequisite for skeletal muscle contraction. Furthermore and among others, Ca(2+) regulates also intracellular processes, such as myosin-actin cross bridging, protein synthesis, protein degradation and fiber type shifting by the control of Ca(2+)-sensitive proteases and transcription factors, as well as mitochondrial adaptations, plasticity and respiration. These data highlight the overwhelming significance of Ca(2+) ions for the integrity of skeletal muscle tissue. In this review, we address the major functions of Ca(2+) ions in adult muscle but also highlight recent findings of critical Ca(2+)-dependent mechanisms essential for skeletal muscle-regulation and maintenance.
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Abstract
Activated/uninhibited calcineurin is both necessary and sufficient to induce cardiac hypertrophy, a condition that often leads to dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. We expressed constitutively active calcineurin in the adult heart of Drosophila melanogaster and identified enlarged cardiac chamber dimensions and reduced cardiac contractility. In addition, expressing constitutively active calcineurin in the fly heart using the Gal4/UAS system induced an increase in heart wall thickness. We performed a targeted genetic screen for modifiers of calcineurin-induced cardiac enlargement based on previous calcineurin studies in the fly and identified galactokinase as a novel modifier of calcineurin-induced cardiomyopathy. Genomic deficiencies spanning the galactokinase locus, transposable elements that disrupt galactokinase, and cardiac-specific RNAi knockdown of galactokinase suppressed constitutively active calcineurin-induced cardiomyopathy. In addition, in flies expressing constitutively active calcineurin using the Gal4/UAS system, a transposable element in galactokinase suppressed the increase in heart wall thickness. Finally, genetic disruption of galactokinase suppressed calcineurin-induced wing vein abnormalities. Collectively, we generated a model for discovering novel modifiers of calcineurin-induced cardiac enlargement in the fly and identified galactokinase as a previously unknown regulator of calcineurin-induced cardiomyopathy in adult Drosophila.
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Calcineurin: a poorly understood regulator of muscle mass. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:2173-8. [PMID: 23838168 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This review will discuss the existing literature that has examined the role of calcineurin (CnA) in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass in conditions associated with hypertrophic growth or atrophy. Muscle mass is determined by the balance between protein synthesis and degradation which is controlled by a number of intracellular signaling pathways, most notably the insulin/IGF/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt system. Despite being activated by IGF-1 and having well-described functions in the determination of muscle fiber phenotypes, calcineurin (CnA), a Ca(2+)-activated serine/threonine phosphatase, and its downstream signaling partners have garnered little attention as a regulator of muscle mass. Compared to other signaling pathways, the relatively few studies that have examined the role of CnA in the regulation of muscle size have produced discordant results. The reasons for these differences is not obvious but may be due to the selective nature of the genetic models studied, fluctuations in the endogenous level of CnA activity in various muscles, and the variable use of CnA inhibitors to inhibit CnA signaling. Despite the inconsistent nature of the outcomes, there is sufficient direct and indirect evidence to conclude that CnA plays a role in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass. This article is part of a Directed Issue entitled: Molecular basis of muscle wasting.
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Gallagher PM, Touchberry CD, Teson K, McCabe E, Tehel M, Wacker MJ. Effects of an acute bout of resistance exercise on fiber-type specific GLUT4 and IGF-1R expression. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2013; 38:581-6. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2012-0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The effects of resistance exercise on fiber-type–specific expression of insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-1R) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) was determined in 6 healthy males. The expression of both genes increased in Type I fibers (p < 0.05), but only GLUT4 increased (p < 0.05) in Type II fibers. These data demonstrates that an acute bout of resistance exercise can up-regulate mechanisms of glucose uptake in slow and fast-twitch fibers, but the IGF signaling axis may not be as effective in fast-twitch fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M. Gallagher
- Department of Health, Sport, and Exercise Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Chad D. Touchberry
- Department of Basic Medical Science, University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Kelli Teson
- Department of Health, Sport, and Exercise Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Everlee McCabe
- Department of Health, Sport, and Exercise Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Michelle Tehel
- Department of Health, Sport, and Exercise Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Michael J. Wacker
- Department of Basic Medical Science, University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
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Chaillou T, Malgoyre A, Banzet S, Chapot R, Koulmann N, Pugnière P, Beaudry M, Bigard X, Peinnequin A. Pitfalls in target mRNA quantification for real-time quantitative RT-PCR in overload-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Physiol Genomics 2010; 43:228-35. [PMID: 21156833 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00109.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantifying target mRNA using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction requires an accurate normalization method. Determination of normalization factors (NFs) based on validated reference genes according to their relative stability is currently the best standard method in most usual situations. This method controls for technical errors, but its physiological relevance requires constant NF values for a fixed weight of tissue. In the functional overload model, the increase in the total RNA concentration must be considered in determining the NF values. Here, we pointed out a limitation of the classical geNorm-derived normalization. geNorm software selected reference genes despite that the NF values extensively varied under experiment. Only the NF values calculated from four intentionally selected genes were constant between groups. However, a normalization based on these genes is questionable. Indeed, three out of four genes belong to the same functional class (negative regulator of muscle mass), and their use is physiological nonsense in a hypertrophic model. Thus, we proposed guidelines for optimizing target mRNA normalization and quantification, useful in models of muscle mass modulation. In our study, the normalization method by multiple reference genes was not appropriate to compare target mRNA levels between overloaded and control muscles. A solution should be to use an absolute quantification of target mRNAs per unit weight of tissue, without any internal normalization. Even if the technical variations will stay present as a part of the intergroup variations, leading to less statistical power, we consider this method acceptable because it will not generate misleading results.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chaillou
- Operational environments, Genomic core facility, IRBA La Tronche, La Tronche, France
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The functional role of calcineurin in hypertrophy, regeneration, and disorders of skeletal muscle. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:721219. [PMID: 20379369 PMCID: PMC2850156 DOI: 10.1155/2010/721219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2009] [Accepted: 02/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle uses calcium as a second messenger to respond and adapt to environmental stimuli. Elevations in intracellular calcium levels activate calcineurin, a serine/threonine phosphatase, resulting in the expression of a set of genes involved in the maintenance, growth, and remodeling of skeletal muscle. In this review, we discuss the effects of calcineurin activity on hypertrophy, regeneration, and disorders of skeletal muscle. Calcineurin is a potent regulator of muscle remodeling, enhancing the differentiation through upregulation of myogenin or MEF2A and downregulation of the Id1 family and myostatin. Foxo may also be a downstream candidate for a calcineurin signaling molecule during muscle regeneration. The strategy of controlling the amount of calcineurin may be effective for the treatment of muscular disorders such as DMD, UCMD, and LGMD. Activation of calcineurin produces muscular hypertrophy of the slow-twitch soleus muscle but not fast-twitch muscles.
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Akiho M, Nakashima H, Sakata M, Yamasa Y, Yamaguchi A, Sakuma K. Expression profile of Notch-1 in mechanically overloaded plantaris muscle of mice. Life Sci 2009; 86:59-65. [PMID: 19945468 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2009.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2009] [Revised: 10/29/2009] [Accepted: 11/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM We investigated the expression pattern of Notch-1 in normal and hypertrophied plantaris muscle of mice. MAIN METHODS We performed immunofluorescence of both Notch-1 and the Notch-1-linking molecules. KEY FINDINGS Immunofluorescence labeling revealed Notch-1 protein in Pax7-positive satellite cells during days 2-6. We observed clear co-localization between Notch-1 and myogenin (4.9+/-1.3%) in the hypertrophied muscle at 4days. Several mononuclei (possibly satellite cells) possessed both Notch-1 and Foxo1 in the plantaris muscle subjected to mechanical overloading (4.1+/-1.2%). SIGNIFICANCE Notch-1 may play an important role in the maintenance of quiescent satellite cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Akiho
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi, University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
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