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Wang Y, Peng L, Wang F. M6A-mediated molecular patterns and tumor microenvironment infiltration characterization in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2333590. [PMID: 38532632 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2333590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most predominant RNA epigenetic regulation in eukaryotic cells. Numerous evidence revealed that m6A modification exerts a crucial role in the regulation of tumor microenvironment (TME) cell infiltration in several tumors. Nevertheless, the potential role and mechanism of m6A modification in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unknown. mRNA expression data and clinical information from GSE102349, and GSE53819 datasets obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was used for differential gene expression and subsequent analysis. Consensus clustering was used to identify m6A-related molecular patterns of 88 NPC samples based on prognostic m6A regulators using Univariate Cox analysis. The TME cell-infiltrating characteristics of each m6A-related subclass were explored using single-sample gene set enrichment (ssGSEA) algorithm and CIBERSORT algotithm. DEGs between two m6A-related subclasses were screened using edgeR package. The prognostic signature and predicated nomogram were constructed based on the m6A-related DEGs. The cell infiltration and expression of prognostic signature in NPC was determined using immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. Chi-square test was used to analysis the significance of difference of the categorical variables. And survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier plots and log-rank tests. The NPC samples were divided into two m6A-related subclasses. The TME cell-infiltrating characteristics analyses indicated that cluster 1 is characterized by immune-related and metabolism pathways activation, better response to anit-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 treatment and chemotherapy. And cluster 2 is characterized by stromal activation, low expression of HLA family and immune checkpoints, and a worse response to anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 treatment and chemotherapy. Furthermore, we identified 1558 DEGs between two m6A-related subclasses and constructed prognostic signatures to predicate the progression-free survival (PFS) for NPC patients. Compared to non-tumor samples, REEP2, TMSB15A, DSEL, and ID4 were upregulated in NPC samples. High expression of REEP2 and TMSB15A showed poor survival in NPC patients. The interaction between REEP2, TMSB15A, DSEL, ID4, and m6A regulators was detected. Our finding indicated that m6A modification plays an important role in the regulation of TME heterogeneity and complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lisha Peng
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Bozkurt G, Turri Zanoni M, Ferrari M, Ioppi A, Kara Peker S, Elhassan H, Ece Arkan Anarat M, Zeki Yilmaz Y, Taboni S, Ruaro A, Rampinelli V, Mattavelli D, Schreiber A, Vinciguerra A, Verillaud B, Battaglia P, Piazza C, Herman P, Castelnuovo P, Nicolai P, Vural A. Salvage surgery in nasopharyngeal Cancer: Unraveling the efficacy of transnasal endoscopic nasopharyngectomy for advanced stage recurrent tumors. Oral Oncol 2024; 159:107048. [PMID: 39362026 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2024.107048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/21/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review evaluates the efficacy and morbidity of transnasal endoscopic nasopharyngectomy as a salvage treatment for advanced-stage recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC). METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic search in Medline, Scopus, and PubMed, identifying studies on transnasal endoscopic nasopharyngectomy for rNPC. Inclusion criteria encompassed histologically confirmed rT3 and rT4 NPC patients previously treated with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Data on overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and complications were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS Nine studies, including a total of 429 patients, met the inclusion criteria. Five studies reported 2-year overall survival (OS) rates ranging from 34.6 % to 88.7 %. Three studies reported 3-year OS rates between 50 % and 63.5 %. Long-term 5-year survival varied widely from 0 % to 100 % across three studies. One study detailed 1-year disease-free survival (DFS) and OS at 93 % and 98 %, respectively. The pooled analysis included 429 patients with a median follow-up of 26.1 months. Complications were predominantly minor and transient. Major complications included necrosis, hemorrhage, cranial nerve palsy, and death. Advanced surgical techniques and pre-treatment measures, such as internal carotid artery embolization, improved resection outcomes and reduced complication rates. CONCLUSION Transnasal endoscopic nasopharyngectomy emerges as a viable salvage option for advanced rNPC, offering favorable survival outcomes and manageable complication profiles. Future research should focus on refining surgical techniques and improving patient selection criteria to further enhance treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulpembe Bozkurt
- University of Health Sciences, Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşçıoğlu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Mario Turri Zanoni
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, ASST Lariana, Como, Italy
| | - Marco Ferrari
- Section of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ioppi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, "S. Chiara" Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari (APSS), Trento, Italy
| | - Sinem Kara Peker
- University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation Trust, Barrow-In-Furness, England, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Hasan Elhassan
- ENT Department, Homerton University Hospital, London, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Melis Ece Arkan Anarat
- University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation Trust, Barrow-In-Furness, England, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Yetkin Zeki Yilmaz
- Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Stefano Taboni
- Section of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ruaro
- Section of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Vittorio Rampinelli
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Davide Mattavelli
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Schreiber
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Benjamin Verillaud
- Otorhinolaryngology and Skull Base Center, AP-HP, Hospital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Paolo Battaglia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Cesare Piazza
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Philippe Herman
- Otorhinolaryngology and Skull Base Center, AP-HP, Hospital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Paolo Castelnuovo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Piero Nicolai
- Section of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alperen Vural
- Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Istanbul, Turkiye.
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Li M, Xie S, Hou T, Shao T, Kuang J, Liu C, Qu Y, Lu C, Liu J, Liu X, Zhu L, Zhu L. Circulating Tumor DNA Profiling Approach Based on In Silico Background Elimination Guides Chemotherapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2024; 115:993-1006. [PMID: 38037868 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.3125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis increasingly provides a promising minimally invasive alternative to tissue biopsies in precision oncology. However, there are no ctDNA analysis approaches available in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and current methods of ctDNA mutation profiling have limited resolution because of the high background noise and false-positive rate caused by benign variants in plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA), majorly generated during clonal hematopoiesis. Although personalized parallel white blood cell genome sequencing suppresses the noise of clonal hematopoiesis variances, the system cost and complexity restrict its extensive application in clinical settings. We developed Matched WBC Genome sequencing Independent CtDNA profiling (MaGIC) approaches, which synergically integrated a ctDNA capturing panel for a hybrid capture cfDNA deep sequencing, in silico background elimination, and a reliable readout measurement. We profiled the ctDNAs of 80 plasma samples from 40 patients with NPC before and during chemotherapy by MaGICs. In addition, the public cfDNA sequencing data and The Cancer Genome Atlas project data were analyzed by MaGICs to evaluate their application in other scenarios of patient classification. The MaGIC version-2 has the ability to predict the chemosensitivity of patients with NPC with high accuracy by utilizing a single sample of liquid biopsy from each patient prior to a standardized treatment regimen. Moreover, both versions of MaGICs are of ideal performance in the diagnosis of patients with prostate cancer by liquid biopsy and prognosis prediction of multiple cancers by tissue biopsy. This study has the potential to enhance the sensitivity and expand the application scope of ctDNA detection, independently of other paired genome sequencing methods. As a result, it might further increase the clinical utilization of liquid biopsy based on ctDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
- Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre, Jiuquan, China
| | - Sisi Xie
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Hou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tong Shao
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Jingyu Kuang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Chuanyang Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Qu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Chenyu Lu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Xianling Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingyun Zhu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Lvyun Zhu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
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Xu H, Li W, Zhang H, Wang H, Hu L, Gu Y, Wang D. Preliminary evidence for endoscopic surgery combined with postoperative anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in advanced recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1259. [PMID: 38129782 PMCID: PMC10734134 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11760-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUD Endoscopic surgery can be used as the main treatment for advanced recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC). However, there is a huge clinical controversy about the need for consolidated immunotherapy after surgery. METHODS We performed a retrospective propensity score-matched analysis (1:2) of patients with locally advanced rNPC who underwent endoscopic nasopharyngectomy (ENPG) combined with anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) monotherapy or ENPG alone. The survival rate was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR). Potential surgical-related complications and immune-related adverse events (AEs) were also assessed. RESULTS We recruited 10 patients receiving ENPG plus anti-PD-1 monotherapy and 20 receiving ENPG alone. During the mean follow-up of 23.8 months, a significant improvement in the 2-year PFS was detected in the consolidation immunotherapy group compared to the ENPG alone group (80.0% vs. 40.0%; HR = 0.258; 95% CI: 0.09-0.72; p = 0.04), while the 2-year OS in the consolidation immunotherapy group was not significantly longer than that in the ENPG alone group (90.0% vs. 75.0%; HR = 0.482; 95% CI: 0.08-3.00; p = 0.50). The incidence of surgical-related complications in the consolidation immunotherapy group and ENPG alone group was 70.0 and 60.0%, respectively. Immune-related AEs were similar between the toripalimab arm (75.0%) and the camrelizumab arm (66.7%). Surgical-related complications depend on symptomatic treatments. Immune-related AEs were mild and tolerable. CONCLUSIONS Consolidation immunotherapy regimen for patients with advanced rNPC after ENPG compared to ENPG alone provides a superior PFS rate with a manageable safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Xu
- ENT institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Wanpeng Li
- ENT institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Huankang Zhang
- ENT institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Huan Wang
- ENT institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Li Hu
- ENT institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yurong Gu
- ENT institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Dehui Wang
- ENT institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Alhumaidan LS, Alfouzan YA, Alsenaid TM, Alburayt KI, Altowayan RM, Alraddadi SM, Alhazmi W. Incidence, Pattern, and Possible Risk Factors for Nasopharyngeal Cancer in the Qassim Region. Cureus 2023; 15:e49355. [PMID: 38143688 PMCID: PMC10749186 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate and assess the incidence, patterns, and possible risk factors for nasopharyngeal cancer among the Qassim population. Methods A retrospective study was conducted at Dr. Suliman Al-Habib Hospital in Qassim. The study included all previously confirmed cases of nasopharyngeal neoplasms between 2016 and 2022. Data was collected retrospectively from the hospital's health record, including the patient's demographics, clinical presentation, and comorbidities. IBM Corp. Released 2017. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. was used for data entry, management, and analysis. Results A total of 84 records of patients were included in the study. Males (n=55, 65.5%) were more than females (n=29, 34.5%). The majority of the patients (n=51, 62%) were aged 31-60 years. About 32 (38.0%) patients were obese. Most of the patients (n=49, 58%) presented with malignant neoplasms of the nasopharynx. The most frequent clinical presentations were nasal obstruction, runny nose, hearing loss, and neck mass. Conclusion The incidence rate of nasopharyngeal cancer was significantly higher in males compared to females (p=.003). There was no statistically significant association between age and comorbidity and the development of nasopharyngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulwah S Alhumaidan
- College of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
| | | | - Thana M Alsenaid
- College of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
| | - Khadijah I Alburayt
- College of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
| | - Ruba M Altowayan
- College of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
| | - Seba M Alraddadi
- College of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
| | - Waleed Alhazmi
- Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, SAU
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Uysal E, Aksaray F, Dincer S, Altın S. Robotic stereotactic body radiotherapy for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Indian J Cancer 2023; 60:353-358. [PMID: 36861705 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_1414_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of patients reirradiated with stereotactic body radiotherapy for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (r-NPC) in our hospital. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 10 patients with r-NPC previously irradiated with definitive radiotherapy. Local recurrences were irradiated with a dose of 25 to 50 Gy (median: 26.25 Gy) in 3 to 5 fractions (fr) (median: 5 fr). The survival outcomes calculated from the time of recurrence diagnosis were obtained using Kaplan-Meier analysis and compared with the log-rank test. Toxicities were assessed by using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 5.0. Results The median age was 55 years (37-79 years), and nine patients were men. The median follow-up was 26 months (3-65 months) after reirradiation. The median overall survival (OS) was 40 months, OS in 1 and 3 years were 80% and 57%, respectively. OS rate of rT4 (n = 5, 50%) was worse compared with rT1, rT2, and rT3 (P = 0.040). In addition, those with less than 24 months of interval between first treatment and recurrence had worse OS (P = 0.017). One patient exhibited Grade 3 toxicity. There is no other Grade ≥3 acute or late toxicities. Conclusion In r-NPC, reirradiation is inevitable for patients who are not suitable for radical surgical resection. However, serious complications and side effects prevent dose escalation due to the critical structures previously irradiated. Prospective studies with a large number of patients are required to find the optimal acceptable dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Uysal
- Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ferdi Aksaray
- Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selvi Dincer
- Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Altın
- Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ma H, Fang J, Zhong Q, Hou L, Feng L, He S, Wang R, Yang Y. Reconstruction of nasopharyngeal defect with submental flap during surgery for nasopharyngeal malignant tumors. Front Surg 2022; 9:985752. [PMID: 36386526 PMCID: PMC9662300 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.985752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the feasibility and effect of a pedicled submental flap in postoperative defect repair of nasopharyngeal malignant tumors. Methods Eight cases (six women, two men; age, 29–63 years) of postoperative defects after resection of malignant nasopharyngeal tumors with a lesion stage of (r) T1–3N0–2M0 were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative enhanced thin-slice computed tomography of the neck was performed to predict the submental flap reflux vein. The submental flap was prefabricated during the operation, and the nasopharyngeal mass was removed through the parapharyngeal space approach combined with nasal endoscopy/mandibular external rotation/maxillary overturning. The submental flap was elevated to the nasopharyngeal defect area through the parapharyngeal space for repair. Results Intraoperative examination confirmed that among the eight submental flaps, three had venous drainage into the internal jugular vein and five had venous drainage into the external jugular vein; these findings were consistent with the preoperative computed tomography findings. The size of the submental flap was 8–10 cm × 5–6 cm. The repair range reached the eustachian orifice on the healthy side and extended to the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus on the affected side. The flap extended to the posterior upper part of the nasal septum at the top, to the oropharynx at the bottom, and to the bony surface of the skull base at the deep side. Primary healing after surgery was achieved, and no flap necrosis occurred. After 3–77 months of follow-up, one patient with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy developed cervical lymph node recurrence again, one patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma had lung metastasis, and the remaining six patients had no recurrence. Conclusions The pedicled submental flap is used to repair postoperative defects in the nasopharyngeal region through the cervical parapharyngeal space. It is a simple and fast procedure with adequate tissue volumes. The flap can effectively protect important structures such as the internal carotid artery and reduce the risk of infection and bleeding from postoperative wound exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - Jugao Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing, China
- Correspondence: Jugao Fang
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - Lizhen Hou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - Shizhi He
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing, China
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Clinical Characteristics and Predictive Outcomes of Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma-A Lingering Pitfall of the Long Latency. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153795. [PMID: 35954458 PMCID: PMC9367553 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of long-latent recurrence (>five years) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: This retrospective study enrolled newly diagnosed NPC patients from the Chang Gung Research Database between January 2007 and December 2019. We analyzed the patients’ characteristics and survival outcomes after recurrence. Results: A total of 2599 NPC patients were enrolled. The overall recurrence rate was 20.5%, while 8.1% of patients had long-latent recurrence (>five years). These patients had a higher percentage of initial AJCC (The American Joint Committee on Cancer) stage I/II (60.5%, p = 0.001) and local recurrence (46.5%, p < 0.001). Unresectable rT3 and rT4 were found in 60% of patients when recurrence and 30% of local recurrence occurred in the skull base, which could not be detected by the regular endoscopy. The five-year overall survival rate of long-latent recurrence was 19.7%. Alive patients tended to be asymptomatic but have regular follow-ups with the interval less than six months. Multivariate analysis showed age and initial advanced AJCC stages were independent risk factors of death after recurrence. In contrast, patients with recurrence between two and five years, salvage surgeries, and regional recurrence had favorable survival outcomes. Conclusion: Long-latent NPC recurrence is not rare, and the survival outcome is poor. Regular follow-up for early detection of NPC recurrence is necessary even after five years of disease-free period.
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He H, Lin K, Zou C, Pan J, Fu W, Zhou Y, Lin H, Chen C, Su Y. Knockdown of Annexin A2 Enhances Radiosensitivity by Increasing G2/M-Phase Arrest, Apoptosis and Activating the p38 MAPK-HSP27 Pathway in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:769544. [PMID: 35371986 PMCID: PMC8968728 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.769544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexin A2 (ANXA2) has been found to be involved in cancer proliferation, metastasis and prognosis; however, its exact role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) radioresistance remains unknown. We found that ANXA2 expression was correlated with prognosis in NPC patients, and longer overall survival in NPC patients with low ANXA2 expression than those with high ANXA2 expression. ANXA2 knockdown increased the radiosensitivity in radioresistant NPC cells, and ANXA2 overexpression decreased the radiosensitivity in NPC cells. Knocking-down ANXA2 expression increased the irradiation-induced apoptosis of radioresistant NPC cells, and ANXA2 overexpression decreased the irradiation-induced apoptosis of NPC cells. ANXA2 knockdown induced G2/M phase arrest in NPC cells post-irradiation, and ANXA2 overexpression abrogated G2/M phase arrest in NPC cells post-irradiation. ANXA2 overexpression resulted in inhibition of the p38 MAPK-HSP27 pathway, while ANXA2 knockdown resulted in activation of the p38 MAPK-HSP27 pathway. In addition, ANXA2 knockdown increased the radiosensitivity of the xenografted tumors in nude mice. Our data demonstrate that knockdown of Annexin A2 enhanced radiosensitivity in NPC by increasing G2/M-phase arrest, apoptosis and activating the p38 MAPK-HSP27 pathway. ANXA2 may be a promising target used to overcome radioresistance in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huocong He
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology and Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Keyu Lin
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology and Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Changyan Zou
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology and Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianru Pan
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wankai Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huamei Lin
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology and Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology and Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Su
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology and Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Su,
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10
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Wang Y, Sun J, Yao N. Correlation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Eur J Histochem 2021; 65. [PMID: 34783234 PMCID: PMC8611413 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2021.3304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to examine the correlation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway with the clinicopathological features and prognostic significance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The study tissues were collected from 285 patients with NPC and normal mucosal tissues were obtained from 289 individuals with normal nasopharynxes. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detected the expression of the AKT, mTOR, and p70 ribosomal S6 kinase (P70S6K) proteins. Follow-up was performed for between 8 and 60 months. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation of the expression of the AKT, mTOR, and P70S6K proteins in NPC tissues. Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted to show the survival of patients with NPC. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to explore the independent risk factors for prognosis. The expression of the AKT, mTOR, and P70S6K proteins in NPC tissues was higher than that in healthy nasopharyngeal mucosal tissues, and was correlated with T-staging, N-staging, clinical stage, distant metastasis, and differentiation. The positive expression of the AKT, mTOR, and P70S6K proteins was higher in patients with stage III/IV NPC, low differentiation, and metastasis. The survival rates of patients with NPC with AKT-positive, mTOR-positive, and P70S6K-positive expression were considerably lower than those without the expression of these proteins. Distant metastasis and the overexpression of the AKT, mTOR, and P70S6K proteins were independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients with NPC. The results obtained from this study indicated an association between the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and the progression of NPC. The upregulation of the AKT/mTOR pathway in patients with NPC is a predictor of poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong.
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong.
| | - Ninghua Yao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong.
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11
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See A, Chu C, Kiong KL, Teo C, Tan HK, Wong EWY, Chan JYK, Tsang RKY, Chan J, Chang KP, Chien CY, Hao SP, Chen M, Lim CM. Surgical salvage of recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer- a multi-institutional review. Oral Oncol 2021; 122:105556. [PMID: 34688054 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna See
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Surgery Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Clarisse Chu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kimberley L Kiong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Surgery Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Constance Teo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Surgery Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Hiang Khoon Tan
- Surgery Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eddy W Y Wong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, NT East, Hong Kong
| | - Jason Y K Chan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, NT East, Hong Kong
| | - Raymond K Y Tsang
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jimmy Chan
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yen Chien
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Po Hao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mingyuan Chen
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chwee Ming Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Surgery Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
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12
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Wang Y, Peng Z, Wang Y, Yang Y, Fan R, Gao K, Zhang H, Xie Z, Jiang W. Immune Microenvironment Change and Involvement of Circular RNAs in TIL Cells of Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:722224. [PMID: 34422839 PMCID: PMC8377430 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a malignant tumor that is highly prevalent in southern China and the Southeast Asian belt. Recent studies have shown that the T cells play important regulatory roles in tumorigenesis and progression. We test TIL cell of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma and primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell. We found that T cell change in recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma and primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell. Based on GEO database, we selected differently expressed circRNAs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues. qRTPCR show that some circRNAs also highly expressed in TIL cells. In conclusion, immune microenvironment changed in recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. There is involvement of circular RNAs in this progress, with should be researched further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhouying Peng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaxuan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruohao Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kelei Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihai Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weihong Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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13
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Re-irradiation versus surgery for locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma - Authors' reply. Lancet Oncol 2021; 22:e219. [PMID: 34087129 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(21)00270-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Poh SS, Soong YL, Sommat K, Lim CM, Fong KW, Tan TW, Chua ML, Wang FQ, Hu J, Wee JT. Retreatment in locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Current status and perspectives. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:361-370. [PMID: 33955719 PMCID: PMC8118589 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Shuxian Poh
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610.,Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857
| | - Yoke Lim Soong
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610.,Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857
| | - Kiattisa Sommat
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610.,Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857
| | - Chwee Ming Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608.,Surgery Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857
| | - Kam Weng Fong
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610.,Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857
| | - Terence Wk Tan
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610.,Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857
| | - Melvin Lk Chua
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610.,Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857
| | - Fu Qiang Wang
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610.,Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857
| | - Jing Hu
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610.,Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857
| | - Joseph Ts Wee
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610.,Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857
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15
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Liu YP, Wen YH, Tang J, Wei Y, You R, Zhu XL, Li J, Chen L, Ling L, Zhang N, Zou X, Hua YJ, Chen YM, Chen L, Lu LX, Chen MY, Wen WP. Endoscopic surgery compared with intensity-modulated radiotherapy in resectable locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2021; 22:381-390. [PMID: 33600761 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(20)30673-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of surgery compared with reirradiation in the primary treatment of patients with resectable, locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) who have previously received radiotherapy is a matter of debate. In this trial, we compared the efficacy and safety outcomes of salvage endoscopic surgery versus intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in patients with resectable locally recurrent NPC. METHODS This multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial was done in three hospitals in southern China. We included patients aged 18-70 years with a Karnofsky Performance Status score of at least 70 who were histopathologically diagnosed with undifferentiated or differentiated, non-keratinising, locally recurrent NPC with tumours confined to the nasopharyngeal cavity, the post-naris or nasal septum, the superficial parapharyngeal space, or the base wall of the sphenoid sinus. Eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either endoscopic nasopharyngectomy (ENPG group) or IMRT (IMRT group). Randomisation was done manually using a computer-generated random number code and patients were stratified by treatment centre. Treatment group assignment was not masked. The primary endpoint was overall survival, compared between the groups at 3 years. Efficacy analyses were done by intention to treat. Safety analysis was done in patients who received treatment according to the treatment they actually received. This trial was prospectively registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-TRC-11001573, and is currently in follow-up. FINDINGS Between Sept 30, 2011, and Jan 16, 2017, 200 eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive either ENPG (n=100) or IMRT (n=100). At a median follow-up of 56·0 months (IQR 42·0-69·0), 74 patients had died (29 [29%] of 100 patients in the ENPG group and 45 [45%] of 100 patients in the IMRT group). The 3-year overall survival was 85·8% (95% CI 78·9-92·7) in the ENPG group and 68·0% (58·6-77·4) in the IMRT group (hazard ratio 0·47, 95% CI 0·29-0·76; p=0·0015). The most common grade 3 or worse radiation-related late adverse event was pharyngeal mucositis (in five [5%] of 99 patients who underwent ENPG and 26 [26%] of 101 patients who underwent IMRT). Five [5%] of the 99 patients who underwent ENPG and 20 [20%] of the 101 patients who underwent IMRT died due to late toxic effects specific to radiotherapy; attribution to previous radiotherapy or trial radiotherapy is unclear due to the long-term nature of radiation-related toxicity. INTERPRETATION Endoscopic surgery significantly improved overall survival compared with IMRT in patients with resectable locally recurrent NPC. These results suggest that ENPG could be considered as the standard treatment option for this patient population, although long-term follow-up is needed to further determine the efficacy and toxicity of this strategy. FUNDING Sun Yat-sen University Clinical Research 5010 Program.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Ping Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Hui Wen
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui You
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Ling
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, and Center for Migrant Health Policy, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Xiong Zou
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Jun Hua
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - You-Mou Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Xia Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Yuan Chen
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Ping Wen
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Otolaryngology, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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16
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Shu C, Zheng W, Lin K, Lim C, Huang Z. Label-Free Follow-Up Surveying of Post-Treatment Efficacy and Recurrence in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients with Fiberoptic Raman Endoscopy. Anal Chem 2021; 93:2053-2061. [PMID: 33406834 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the main cause of poor prognosis for NPC patients after chemo- and radiotherapies. Subsequent long-term follow-ups of post-treatment patients are crucial for the early discovery of tumor recurrence with timely intervention. Current clinical imaging methods based on tissue morphology encounter difficulties in differentiating recurrent tumors from post-treatment inflammation and fibrosis. In this work, we apply a unique fiberoptic Raman endoscopy technique to address the challenges for label-free follow-up surveying of post-treatment NPC patients and accurate detection of tumor recurrence. Significant Raman spectral differences can be observed among normal, NPC, and nonrecurring post-treatment patients. Raman endoscopy provides diagnostic accuracy of 100% for detecting recurrent NPC from early post-treatment inflammation and diagnostic accuracy of 98.21% for separating recurrent NPC from long-term post-treatment fibrosis. Further quantitative Raman modeling on in vivo nasopharyngeal tissue Raman data acquired unveils the changes of major tissue biochemicals (e.g., triolein, elastin, keratin, fibrillar collagen, and type IV collagen) associated with primary NPC and post-treatment recurrent NPC tissue compared to normal nasopharyngeal tissue. This work demonstrates that fiberoptic Raman endoscopy can be a clinically powerful diagnostic tool for rapid, label-free post-treatment surveying and recurrent tumor detection in NPC patients at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Shu
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576
| | - Wei Zheng
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576
| | - Kan Lin
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576
| | - Chweeming Lim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Singapore General Hospital, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169608
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576
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Svajdova M, Sicak M, Dubinsky P, Slavik M, Slampa P, Kazda T. Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Cancer: Critical Review of Local Treatment Options Including Recommendations during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123510. [PMID: 33255751 PMCID: PMC7760235 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Options for the curative treatment of locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma include surgery or re-irradiation. Both approaches have been scientifically explored, yet there is no consensus on the indication or definitive preference of the above two salvage treatments. The aim of this review is to summarize the current evidence on the local treatment of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The feasibility, safety, and efficacy of salvage surgery and radical re-irradiation are discussed. Recommendations on treatment modifications during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic are included as well. Abstract Recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma represents an extremely challenging therapeutic situation. Given the vulnerability of the already pretreated neurological structures surrounding the nasopharynx, any potential salvage retreatment option bears a significant risk of severe complications that result in high treatment-related morbidity, quality of life deterioration, and even mortality. Yet, with careful patient selection, long-term survival may be achieved after local retreatment in a subgroup of patients with local or regional relapse of nasopharyngeal cancer. Early detection of the recurrence represents the key to therapeutic success, and in the case of early stage disease, several curative treatment options can be offered to the patient, albeit with minimal support in prospective clinical data. In this article, an up-to-date review of published evidence on modern surgical and radiation therapy treatment options is summarized, including currently recommended treatment modifications of both therapeutic approaches during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Svajdova
- Department of Radiation and Clinical Oncology, Central Military Hospital—Teaching Hospital Ruzomberok, 034 01 Ruzomberok, Slovakia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-911-618-265
| | - Marian Sicak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Central Military Hospital—Teaching Hospital, 034 01 Ruzomberok, Slovakia;
| | - Pavol Dubinsky
- Department of Radiation Oncology, East Slovakia Oncology Institute, 041 91 Kosice, Slovakia;
- Faculty of Health, Catholic University Ruzomberok, 034 01 Ruzomberok, Slovakia
| | - Marek Slavik
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Pavel Slampa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Tomas Kazda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (T.K.)
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18
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Liu WS, Tsai KW, Kang BH, Yang CC, Huang WL, Lee CC, Hu YC, Chang KP, Chen HM, Lin YS. Simultaneous Reduction of Volume and Dose in Clinical Target Volume for Nasopharyngeal Cancer Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 109:495-504. [PMID: 32971188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the treatment outcome and severe late adverse effects (AEs) between conventional volume and dose (CVD) and simultaneously reduced volume and dose (SRVD) of clinical target volume treatments in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHODS AND MATERIALS This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients with nonmetastatic stage II to IV nasopharyngeal cancer from a single institute. Survival endpoints and severe (≥grade 3) late AEs and comorbidity were compared between groups. The correlation of severe late AEs, comorbidity, and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods. RESULTS From January 2012 to June 2017, this study enrolled 178 patients, 64 in the CVD group and 114 in the SRVD group. The 2 groups did not differ significantly in patient characteristics except for mean follow-up time (37.6 vs 48.8 months; P = .01). The SRVD group did not significantly differ from the CVD group in local control survival (82.0% vs 78.4%; P = .85), regional control survival (89.9% vs 86.0%; P = .62), or disease-free survival (76.4% vs 66.9%; P = .67). The SRVD group had significantly better OS (93.9% vs 67.0%; P < .001) and salvage survival (79.3% vs 20.7%; P < .01) and a significantly lower ratio of severe lung infection (1 of 113 vs 5 of 59; P = .02). The SRVD group had a significantly lower risk of mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.3; P = .03). The factors associated with a significantly higher risk of mortality were N3 (regional lymph node stage status of N3) (HR, 3.0; P = .02); comorbidities of diabetes, coronary artery disease, or chronic kidney disease (grades 2-3) (HR, 3.8; P = .009), and severe lung infection (HR, 6.3; P = .007). CONCLUSIONS Simultaneously reduced volume and dose of clinical target volumes did not impair locoregional control or disease-free survival. The benefits of SRVD treatment may include significant reduction in severe late AEs, particularly lung infection, dysphagia, and xerostomia. However, additional studies with longer patient follow-up are required to confirm these benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shan Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Hwang Kang
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chieh Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lun Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chih Lee
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chang Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ping Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Min Chen
- Department of Research Center of Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yaoh-Shiang Lin
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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19
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Li G, Wang J, Tang H, Han R, Zhao Y, Wang X, Zhou H. Comparing endoscopic surgeries with open surgeries in terms of effectiveness and safety in salvaging residual or recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Head Neck 2020; 42:3415-3426. [PMID: 33463833 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Consensus has yet to be reached on the optimal operation for patients with residual or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). To compare effectiveness and safety of open surgery and endoscopic surgery for patients with residual or recurrent NPC. Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane were searched for relevant publications from January 1, 2000 to May 1, 2017. Included studies reported specific residual or local recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer survival data. Proportional meta-analysis was performed on both outcomes with a random-effects model, and the 95% confidential intervals were calculated by Stata 12.0 software. For patients with different tumor classification, a downward trend of 2-year overall survival (OS) was observed for both surgical populations. Endoscopic surgeries achieved bigger rates than open surgeries in patients with recurrent tumor (rT) 1, rT2, and rT3 (93% vs 87%, 77% vs 63%, 67% vs 53%). As for patients with rT4, 2-year OS was similar (35% vs 35%).In addition, the former is less severe complications, lower local recurrence rates (27% vs 32%). Our study found that, compared to open surgery, endoscopic surgery was a safer and more effective treatment modality in managing patients with recurrent or residual NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianqi Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haocheng Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ri Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunteng Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianwen Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijun Zhou
- Department of Public Administration Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Tian Y, Tian Y, Tu Y, Zhang G, Zeng X, Lin J, Ai M, Mao Z, Zheng R, Yuan Y. microRNA-124 inhibits stem-like properties and enhances radiosensitivity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via direct repression of expression of JAMA. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9533-9544. [PMID: 32681617 PMCID: PMC7520313 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a source of tumour recurrence in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC); however, the function of microRNA‐124 (miR‐124) in NPC CSCs has not been clearly defined. In this study, we investigated the role of miR‐124 in NPC CSCs. qRT‐PCR was performed to measure miR‐124 expression in NPC tissues and cell lines and the effects of miR‐124 on stem‐like properties and radiosensitivity of NPC cells measured. Luciferase reporter assays and rescue experiments were used to investigate the interaction of miR‐124 with the 3′UTR of junctional adhesion molecule A (JAMA). Finally, we examined the effects of miR‐124 in an animal model and clinical samples. Down‐regulation of miR‐124 was detected in cancer tissues and was inversely associated with tumour stage and lymph node metastasis. Overexpression of miR‐124 inhibited stemness properties and enhanced radiosensitivity of NPC cells in vitro and in vivo via targeting JAMA. Up‐regulation of miR‐124 was correlated with superior overall survival of patients with NPC. Our study demonstrates that miR‐124 can inhibit stem‐like properties and enhance radiosensitivity by directly targeting JAMA in NPC. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying therapy failure in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunming Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hui Zhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Yinuo Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiling Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixu Mao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ronghui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yawei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Huang W, Shi G, Yong Z, Li J, Qiu J, Cao Y, Zhao Y, Yuan L. Downregulation of RKIP promotes radioresistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by activating NRF2/NQO1 axis via downregulating miR-450b-5p. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:504. [PMID: 32632129 PMCID: PMC7338462 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2695-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of RKIP and NRF2 has been widely involved in the therapy resistance of multiple malignances, however, their relation and the corresponding mechanisms, especially in radiation response, have not been elucidated. In this study, we revealed that RKIP could negatively regulate the expression of NRF2 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. Depletion or ectopic expression of NRF2 countered the pro- or anti- radioresistant effects of RKIP knockdown or overexpression on NPC cells, respectively, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, our results indicated that NQO1 was positively regulated by NRF2 and served as the downstream effector of RKIP/NRF2 axis in regulation of NPC radioresistance. Mechanistically, miR-450b-5p, being positively regulated by RKIP in NPC cells, could sensitize NPC cells to irradiation by directly targeting and suppressing the level of NRF2. Besides, we analyzed the level of aforementioned molecules in NPC tissues. The results indicated that RKIP was significantly downregulated, NRF2 and NQO1 were notably upregulated in NPC tissues compared with in normal nasopharyngeal mucosa (NNM) tissues. Furthermore, RKIP and miR-450b-5p were remarkably lower, yet NRF2 and NQO1 were notably higher, in radioresistant NPC tissues relative to in radiosensitive NPC tissues. Consistent with the pattern in NPC cells, the RKIP/miR-450b-5p/NRF2/NQO1 axis was significantly correlated in NPC tissues. Downregulation of RKIP and miR-450b-5p, and upregulation of NRF2 and NQO1, positively correlated to malignant pathological parameters such as primary T stage, Lymph node (N) metastasis, and TNM stage. Finally, RKIP and miR-450b-5p served as favorable prognostic indicators, and NRF2 and NQO1 acted as unfavorable prognostic biomarkers in patients with NPC. Collectively, our outcomes reveal that RKIP downregulation promotes radioresistance of NPC by downregulating miR-450b-5p and subsequently upregulating and activating NRF2 and NQO1, highlighting RKIP/miR-450b-5p/NRF2/NQO1 axis as a potential therapeutic target for improving the radiosensitivity of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.,Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Guangqing Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Zhong Yong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Juan Qiu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Yongfeng Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
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Alsafadi N, Alqarni MS, Attar M, Mgarry R, Bokhari A. Nasopharyngeal Cancer: Prevalence, Outcome, and Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life at Princess Norah Oncology Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2020; 12:e8199. [PMID: 32572356 PMCID: PMC7302723 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.8199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Head and neck malignancies are considered among the most common cancers that arise from different anatomical sites in the region. The number of new cases diagnosed worldwide each year is estimated to be more than 550,000 resulting in about 380,000 deaths. One of these head and neck cancers that may affect patient quality of life is the nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The purpose of our study is to assess the outcome, and the quality of life of these patients. Our study reviews NPC patients treated at Princess Norah Oncology Center, Jeddah, retrospectively over the past 15 years to provide additional information on this disease in Saudi Arabia. Methods We included all histologically confirmed cases of NPC seen at National Guard Hospital in Jeddah between 2002 and 2017. The data was collected retrospectively from the BestCare system, hospital information system, and the medical records. The created table included demographics, comorbidities, and first symptoms. The research table also contained stage at presentation and treatment modalities. Moreover, 25 patients were asked to complete the Arabic versions of European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Head and Neck Module (EORTC HN-35) module questionnaire to assess the quality of life. All results were computed using IBM SPSS version 23 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY), which was provided by College of Medicine at KSAU. Results A total of 107 patients with adequate documentation were identified. There were 72.9% males and 27.1% females; 81.3% of patients were alive and in remission and 18.7% were dead. Neck mass was the most common clinical manifestation present in 84.1% of patients. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy were the most used modality by 96.3%. The five-year survival rate year was 81.3%. Moreover, the H&N-35 questionnaire showed that the NPC survivors suffered mostly poor social contact. Conclusion A large proportion of the identified patients were in remission. Quality of life assessment shows that the main impact of the disease and treatment was on social contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Alsafadi
- Radiation Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Hospital Jeddah, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Mohammed S Alqarni
- Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Meshari Attar
- Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Rayan Mgarry
- Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Abdulhameed Bokhari
- Urology, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences / International Medical Center, Jeddah, SAU
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23
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Elevated IL18 levels in Nasopharyngeal carcinoma induced PD-1 expression on NK cells in TILS leading to poor prognosis. Oral Oncol 2020; 104:104616. [PMID: 32151994 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Characterisation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILS) population for cancer prognostication has enabled deeper understanding of tumor immune interactions in cancer immunology. We aim to examine the significance of both the density and functional status of NK cells in a cohort of Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) associated Nasopharyngeal Cancer (NPC) patients. METHODS NK TILS of 50 NPC samples were quantified on immunohistochemistry and the density of NK TILS was correlated with clinical outcomes. Next, NK cells and a panel of cytokines of 10 newly diagnosed NPC patients were characterized in both NPC tissue and peripheral circulation. Exhausted NK cells were identified using co-expression of PD-1 and/or Tim-3. Comparison of percentage of NK cells in NPC and healthy controls was performed using student t-test for two groups; and a p value of less than 0.05 values was considered significant. RESULTS NK TILS exhibited a bimodal distribution; with the NKhigh cohort demonstrating a poorer 2-year overall survival rate (p < 0.035). In-vitro studies revealed a higher proportion of infiltrated NK cells in the NKhigh cohort co-expressed PD-1. Additionally, IL-18 levels in NPC tissue were significantly higher than in healthy nasopharynx; and IL-18 alone induced PD-1 expression on NK cells. Expectedly, plasma IL-18 concentration and percentage of circulating PD-1-expressing NK cells were similar among NPC patients and healthy controls. CONCLUSION The cytotoxic function of NK TILS is mitigated by an elevated IL-18 levels within the NPC microenvironment. Hence, the functional status, and the density of NK cells in TILS should be considered when prognosticating NPC.
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24
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Toumi N, Ennouri S, Charfeddine I, Daoud J, Khanfir A. Local and Lymph Node Relapse of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Single-Center Experience. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2020; 100:795S-800S. [PMID: 32141322 DOI: 10.1177/0145561320908955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics as well as the therapeutic results in patients with locoregional (LR) relapse after treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with local and/or regional recurrent NPC over 13 years (2003-2015). RESULTS Twenty-five patients were treated for local or/and local-regional recurrence of NPC. The rate of LR relapse was 7.2%. The mean age of the patients was 46 ± 13.9 years. The median time to relapse was 25 months. The recurrence was nasopharyngeal in 17 patients, nasopharyngeal and neck lymph nodes in 7 patients, and neck lymph nodes in 1 patient. Fifteen relapsed patients had a locally advanced disease (rT3-rT4). Patients who had initially T1 or T2 tumor had a locally advanced relapsed disease (rT3rT4) in 27.3% and patients whose disease was initially classified as T3 or T4 had a locally advanced relapsed disease (rT3T4) in 85.7% (P = .005, Fisher test). Twelve patients had chemotherapy after relapse. Chemotherapy was followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy in 3 patients and by radiotherapy (RT) in 4 patients. Nine patients had concurrent chemoradiotherapy and 1 patient had exclusive RT. The overall survival (OS) at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years was, respectively, 58%, 18%, and 10%. The OS was significantly higher in patients with good performance status at the time of relapse (World Health Organization = 1; P = .01) and in patients with late relapse (after 2 years; P = .03). CONCLUSIONS Locoregional relapse rate in our study was 7.2%. Locoregional reirradiation was the mainstay treatment modality in relapsed NPC. Relapsed NPC had a poor prognosis with a 5-year survival rate of 18%. The OS was significantly higher in patients with good performance status and in patients with late relapse (after 2 years).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Toumi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, 37967University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sana Ennouri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, 37967University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ilhem Charfeddine
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, 37967University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jamel Daoud
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, 37967University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Afef Khanfir
- Department of Medical Oncology, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, 37967University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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25
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Design of a multi-arm concentric-tube robot system for transnasal surgery. Med Biol Eng Comput 2020; 58:497-508. [PMID: 31900817 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-019-02093-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Concentric tube robot (CTR) has gradually attracted the attention of researchers on the basis of its small size and curved shape control ability. However, most of current experimental prototypes of CTR are single-arm structure, which can only carry out simple operation such as drug delivery or monitoring. In this paper, design and analysis of a three-arm CTR system is proposed. It has a four-DOF vision arm and two six-DOF manipulator arms, which equipped with special end effectors to achieve different surgical operations. Finally, a mean motion accuracy of 0.33 mm has been obtained quantitatively through teleoperation experiments. Moreover, tissue excision experiment in skull model is carried out to prove the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed CTR system in nasopharyngeal carcinoma surgery. Graphical Abstract Platform of the proposed Multi-Arm Concentric Tube Robot system. (a) Configuration of the end-effectors with the CTR system. (b) The setup of the tissue removal experiment in a skull model.
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26
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Chen H, Yang H, Fan D, Deng J. The Anticancer Activity and Mechanisms of Ginsenosides: An Updated Review. EFOOD 2020. [DOI: 10.2991/efood.k.200512.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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27
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Peng Y, Fu S, Hu W, Qiu Y, Zhang L, Tan R, Sun LQ. Glutamine synthetase facilitates cancer cells to recover from irradiation-induced G2/M arrest. Cancer Biol Ther 2019; 21:43-51. [PMID: 31526079 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1665394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to radiation of cancer cells can be either intrinsic or acquired, leading to treatment failure. In response to DNA damage caused by IR, cancer cells are arrested in cell cycle showing limited proliferation and increased apoptosis. However, radiation-resistant cells are able to overcome the cell cycle block and proceed to proliferation, for which the detailed mechanism remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we showed that radioresistant cells exhibited a recoverable G2/M phase during prolonged cell cycle and manifested lower apoptosis rate and more colony formation. RNA-seq analysis revealed that glutamine synthetase (GS, GLUL) gene was highly expressed in radioresistant cancer cells in comparison with the parental cells, which was in accordance with the G2/M arrest after ionizing radiation. Knocking out of GS in radioresistant cells resulted in a delayed G2/M recovery and lowered proliferation rate after ionizing radiation treatment, which was accompanied with increased inhibitory phosphorylation of CDK1 at Y15 and downregulated Cdc25B, a dual specific phosphatase of CDK1. Moreover, there was an enhanced complex formation of CDK1 and Cyclin B1 when the cells were rescued by re-introducing GS. In vivo, knocking down of GS significantly sensitized CNE2-R xenografts to RT in mice. In this study, we demonstrate a novel role of glutamine synthetase independent of metabolic function in promoting recovery from G2/M arrest caused by ionizing radiation, thus, causing cancer cell resistance to radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Peng
- Departmen of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shujun Fu
- Departmen of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of MolecularRadiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Wenfeng Hu
- Departmen of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of MolecularRadiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yanfang Qiu
- Departmen of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Departmen of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of MolecularRadiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Tan
- Departmen of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of MolecularRadiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Changsha, China
| | - Lun-Quan Sun
- Departmen of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of MolecularRadiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Changsha, China
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28
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Wang J, Chang L, Lai X, Li X, Wang Z, Huang Z, Huang J, Zhang G. Tetrandrine enhances radiosensitivity through the CDC25C/CDK1/cyclin B1 pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Cell Cycle 2019; 17:671-680. [PMID: 29285984 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1415679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing resistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma to irradiation makes the exploration of effective radiosensitizers necessary. Tetrandrine is known to be an antitumor drug, but little is known regarding its radiosensitization effect on nasopharyngeal carcinoma. We investigated the effect of combined treatment of irradiation and maximum non-cytotoxic doses of tetrandrine on the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines CNE1 and CNE2. The maximum non-cytotoxic doses of tetrandrine in CNE1 and CNE2 cells were assessed using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The radiosensitization of cells receiving the maximum non-cytotoxic doses of tetrandrine was assessed by evaluating cell proliferation and DNA damage repair using MTT, clonogenic, comet assays and detection of caspase-3 and phosphorylated histone H2AX (γ-H2AX). The cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry, and protein expression was detected by western blot analysis. The maximum non-cytotoxic doses of tetrandrine in CNE1 and CNE2 cells were 1.5 μmol/L and 1.8 μmol/L, respectively. When cells were exposed to irradiation and the maximum non-cytotoxic doses of tetrandrine, the survival fraction was decreased. DNA damage and γ-H2AX levels markedly increased. Moreover, tetrandrine abrogated the G2/M phase arrest caused by irradiation. Combined treatment with the maximum non-cytotoxic dose of tetrandrine and irradiation caused suppression of the phosphorylation of CDK1 and CDC25C and increase in the expression of cyclin B1. The study in vivo also showed that the maximum non-cytotoxic dose of tetrandrine could reduce tumor growth in xenograft tumor model. Our results suggest that the maximum non-cytotoxic dose of tetrandrine can enhance the radiosensitivity of CNE1 and CNE2 cells and that the underlying mechanism could be associated with abrogation of radiation-induced G2/M arrest via activation of the CDC25C/CDK1/Cyclin B1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- a Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Lihong Chang
- a Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xiaoping Lai
- a Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xia Li
- a Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- a Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zizhen Huang
- a Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Jiancong Huang
- a Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Gehua Zhang
- a Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
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29
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Management of locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Treat Rev 2019; 79:101890. [PMID: 31470314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2019.101890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
As a consequence of the current excellent loco-regional control rates attained using the generally accepted treatment paradigms involving intensity-modulated radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), only 10-20% of patients will suffer from local and/or nodal recurrence after primary treatment. Early detection of recurrence is important as localized recurrent disease is still potentially salvageable, but this treatment often incurs a high risk of major toxicities. Due to the possibility of radio-resistance of tumors which persist or recur despite adequate prior irradiation and the limited tolerance of adjacent normal tissues to sustain further additional treatment, the management of local failures remains one of the greatest challenges in this disease. Both surgical approaches for radical resection and specialized re-irradiation modalities have been explored. Unfortunately, available data are based on retrospective studies, and the majority of them are based on a small number of patients or relatively short follow-up. In this article, we will review the different salvage treatment options and associated prognostic factors for each of them. We will also propose a treatment algorithm based on the latest available evidence and discuss the future directions of treatment for locally recurrent NPC.
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30
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A 4-year review of surgical and oncological outcomes of endoscopic endonasal transpterygoid nasopharyngectomy in salvaging locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 276:2475-2482. [PMID: 31227870 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-019-05522-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the surgical and oncological outcomes of endoscopic endonasal transpterygoid nasopharyngectomy (EETN) in salvaging locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHOD This was a retrospective clinical record review study carried out at a tertiary centre from June 2013 until May 2017. A total of 55 locally recurrent NPC patients (rT1-rT4) underwent EETN performed by single skull base surgeon with curative intention with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy but without postoperative radiotherapy. RESULTS There were 44 (80.0%) males and 11 (20.0%) females, with mean age of 52.5 years. The mean operating time was 180 min (range 150-280 min). 85% (47/55) of patients achieved en bloc tumour resection. 93% (51/55) of patients obtained negative microscopic margin based on postoperative histopathological evaluation. Intraoperatively, one (1.8%) patient had internal carotid artery injury which was successfully stented and had recovered fully without neurological deficit. There were no major postoperative complications reported. During a mean follow-up period of 18-month (range 12-48 months) postsurgery, five patients (9.1%) had residual or recurrence at the primary site. All five patients underwent re-surgery. One patient at rT3 passed away 6 months after re-surgery due to distant metastasis complicated with septicaemia. The 1-year local disease-free rate was 93% and the 1-year overall survival rate was 98%. CONCLUSIONS EETN is emerging treatment options for locally recurrent NPC, with relatively low morbidity and encouraging short-term outcome. Long-term outcome is yet to be determined with longer follow-up and bigger cohort study. However, a successful surgical outcome required a very experienced team and highly specialised equipment.
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Tian Y, Yan M, Zheng J, Li R, Lin J, Xu A, Liang Y, Zheng R, Yuan Y. miR-483-5p decreases the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by targeting DAPK1. J Transl Med 2019; 99:602-611. [PMID: 30664712 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0169-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrence or metastasis resulting from radioresistance are the main challenges for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). A great deal of evidence supports the role of abnormal expression of miRNAs in radioresistance and malignancy. In some cancers, miR-483-5p is associated with inferior disease-specific survival. Therefore, we investigated the role of miR-483-5p in NPC radiosensitivity and the mechanism by which the miR-483-5p affects the radiosensitivity of NPC cells. In this study, we show that the overexpression of miR-483-5p decreases the radiosensitivity of NPC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-483-5p exerts these functions by decreasing radiation-induced apoptosis and DNA damage, and by increasing NPC cell colony formation, via targeting death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1). Finally, our results confirm that the upregulation of miR-483-5p is correlated with advanced clinical stage and inferior overall survival of patients with NPC. These findings provide novel insights into our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying therapy failure in NPC. Modulation of miR-483-5p and DAPK1 levels may provide a new approach for increasing the radiosensitivity of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhong Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaohong Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jielin Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Anan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ronghui Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawei Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
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32
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Decision-level fusion scheme for nasopharyngeal carcinoma identification using machine learning techniques. Neural Comput Appl 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00521-018-3882-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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33
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Wang W, Tan B, Zhang J, Qiu R, Liu X, Liu D, Li X, Wang J. Human nasopharyngeal carcinoma can be radiosensitized by trichosanthin via inhibition of the PI3K pathway. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4181-4186. [PMID: 30402158 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a prevalent tumor that affects the head and neck. Radiation therapy is typically used to treat NPC; however, poor prognoses and distant metastases are common due to radiation resistance. The antitumor activities of trichosanthin (TCS) have been reported in several types of tumors. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether TCS may serve as a potential radiosensitizer in the treatment of NPC tumors. In the present study, NPC cells were treated with radiation alone or together with TCS and radiosensitivity was compared. Clonogenic assay, flow cytometry and an animal study were performed to assess cell death in NPC. The clonogenic assay demonstrated that TCS had a significant radiosensitizing effect on NPC cells. Western blotting indicated that phosphorylated protein kinase B and signal-regulated kinase [phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway] were downregulated, and that cleaved caspase-3 was upregulated by combined treatment with TCS and radiation. Furthermore, TCS potently radiosensitized NPC xenografts in vivo. In conclusion, TCS radiosensitized NPC in vitro and in vivo via downregulation of PI3K pathways and the upregulation of cleaved caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Bo Tan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Xinju Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
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34
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Salvage Surgery in the Treatment of Local Recurrences of Nasopharyngeal Carcinomas. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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Cirugía de rescate en las recidivas locales del carcinoma de nasofaringe. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2018; 69:339-344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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36
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Quantitative proteome analysis identifies MAP2K6 as potential regulator of LIFR-induced radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:274-281. [PMID: 30245131 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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37
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Yu X, Liu Y, Yin L, Peng Y, Peng Y, Gao Y, Yuan B, Zhu Q, Cao T, Xie B, Sun L, Chen Y, Gong Z, Qiu Y, Fan X, Li X. Radiation-promoted CDC6 protein stability contributes to radioresistance by regulating senescence and epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Oncogene 2018; 38:549-563. [PMID: 30158672 PMCID: PMC6345673 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0460-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) is a conventional cancer therapeutic, to which cancer cells develop radioresistance with exposure. The residual cancer cells after radiation treatment also have increased metastatic potential. The mechanisms by which cancer cells develop radioresistance and gain metastatic potential are still unknown. In this study acute IR exposure induced cancer cell senescence and apoptosis, but after long-term IR exposure, cancer cells exhibited radioresistance. The proliferation of radioresistant cells was retarded, and most cells were arrested in G0/G1 phase. The radioresistant cells simultaneously showed resistance to further IR-induced apoptosis, premature senescence, and epithelial to mesenchymal transformation (EMT). Acute IR exposure steadily elevated CDC6 protein levels due to the attenuation of ubiquitination, while CDC6 overexpression was observed in the radioresistant cells because the insufficiency of CDC6 phosphorylation blocked protein translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm, resulting in subcellular protein accumulation when the cells were arrested in G0/G1 phase. CDC6 ectopic overexpression in CNE2 cells resulted in apoptosis resistance, G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, premature senescence, and EMT, similar to the characteristics of radioresistant CNE2-R cells. Targeting CDC6 with siRNA promoted IR-induced senescence, sensitized cancer cells to IR-induced apoptosis, and reversed EMT. Furthermore, CDC6 depletion synergistically repressed the growth of CNE2-R xenografts when combined with IR. The study describes for the first time cell models for IR-induced senescence, apoptosis resistance, and EMT, three major mechanisms by which radioresistance develops. CDC6 is a novel radioresistance switch regulating senescence, apoptosis, and EMT. These studies suggest that CDC6highKI67low represents a new diagnostic marker of radiosensitivity, and CDC6 represents a new therapeutic target for cancer radiosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Yu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Youhong Liu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Linglong Yin
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongbo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuchong Peng
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingxue Gao
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bowen Yuan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianling Zhu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tuoyu Cao
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bowen Xie
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lunquan Sun
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhicheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanzheng Qiu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuegong Fan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiong Li
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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38
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Ji Y, Li H, Wang F, Gu L. PPARβ/δ Agonist GW501516 Inhibits Tumorigenicity of Undifferentiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in C666-1 Cells by Promoting Apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:648. [PMID: 30002625 PMCID: PMC6031703 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ) had been linked to inhibition on the proliferation and apoptosis in a few cancer cell lines. However, limited data exists regarding the role of PPARβ/δ in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study was undertaken to determine the effect of PPARβ/δ on cell proliferation, anchorage-dependent clonogenicity, and ectopic xenografts in the human NPC cell lines. Gene and protein expression of PPARβ/δ were reduced specifically in the poor- and un-differentiated NPC cell lines as compared with the control NP-69 cells. Ligand activation of PPARβ/δ by GW501516, a specific PPARβ/δ selective agonist, inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation strikingly, and induced a G2/M phase arrest in the EBV positive undifferentiated NPC C666-1 cells relative to the control cells. Moreover, GW501516 induced C666-1 cell apoptosis in a caspase and BAX dependent manner. In accordance with the in vitro result, GW501516 significantly suppressed the ectopic NPC xenograft tumorigenicity that derived from the C666-1 NPC cells in BALB/c nu/nu mice. This effect is greatly associated with its inhibition on the gene and protein expression of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) through activation of the AMPKα-dependent signaling pathways. Collectively, we showed that PPARβ/δ expression is in reverse correlation with the degree of differentiation in the NPC cell lines, and revealed the anti-tumorigenic effects of GW501516 in NPC cells by activation of AMPKα. This study suggested that PPARβ/δ targeting molecules may be useful for the poor-, and particularly un-differentiated NPC chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Ji
- Department of ENT, Central Hospital of Minhang District (Minhang Hospital Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of ENT, Central Hospital of Minhang District (Minhang Hospital Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of ENT, Central Hospital of Minhang District (Minhang Hospital Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Linglan Gu
- Department of ENT, Central Hospital of Minhang District (Minhang Hospital Fudan University), Shanghai, China
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39
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Zhang YJ, Zhang MF, Zhou HF, Yang J. Activation of c-Jun/JNK signaling predicts poor prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:2699-2706. [PMID: 31938385 PMCID: PMC6958284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A significant proportion of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) will develop regional relapse or distant metastasis after treatment. This present study evaluated the role of c-Jun/JNK signaling pathways in NPC and its relationship with prognosis. Our study enrolled 122 patients diagnosed with NPC and 136 chronic nasosinusitis patients. Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect positive expression of c-Jun, JNK, p-c-Jun, and p-JNK proteins. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was then adopted to assess the diagnostic value of c-Jun/JNK signaling pathways for NPC. Activated c-Jun/JNK signaling pathways were observed in NPC patients. Activation of c-Jun/JNK signaling was associated with TNM staging of NPC, as NPC patients with stage III-IV had higher positive expression rates of c-Jun, JNK, p-c-Jun, and p-JNK proteins compared to NPC patients with stage I-II. According to ROC curve results, areas under the curve of c-Jun, JNK, p-c-Jun, and p-JNK protein expression were 0.943, 0.968, 0.963, and 0.938, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates and mean survival times of dead patients were lower and shorter in patients with positive expressions of c-Jun, JNK, p-c-Jun, and p-JNK than those with negative expression (all P < 0.05). Overexpression of c-Jun/JNK is associated with development and progression of NPC, indicating that c-Jun/JNK serves as a predictive indicator for early diagnosis and prognosis of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Fang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin First Central HospitalTianjin, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Fang Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin, P. R. China
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40
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Finazzi T, Rordorf T, Ikenberg K, Huber GF, Guckenberger M, Garcia Schueler HI. Radiotherapy-induced anti-tumor immune response and immune-related adverse events in a case of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:395. [PMID: 29625593 PMCID: PMC5889609 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a challenging clinical problem. We report the case of a 46 year old male showing excellent response and signs of immunostimulation following re-re-irradiation for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma under systemic treatment with pembrolizumab. CASE PRESENTATION Patient was first diagnosed with locoregionally advanced, non-keratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma in 2010. After achieving complete remission following induction chemotherapy and concurrent curative chemoradiation, the patient subsequently developed distant and locoregionally recurrent disease. He received various treatments (neck dissection, radiotherapy to a bony metastasis, palliative chemotherapy, stereotactic re-irradiation of local recurrence) before initiation of anti- PD-1 immunotherapy with pembrolizumab in January of 2016. Following marked local progression 6 months thereafter, we performed re-re-irradiation of the recurrent tumor after careful evaluation and treatment planning. While treatment was well tolerated, the patient subsequently developed marked clinical and radiological signs of immunostimulation with mucosal irritation and swelling of lacrimal and salivary glands as described in the report. Immunotherapy with pembrolizumab was reinitiated, with re- staging showing excellent response with regression of all tumorous lesions. At the time of this report, following near complete recovery of inflammatory symptoms, the patient remains in excellent condition and free from recurrence under treatment with pembrolizumab. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, we report the first observation of a combined effect of immunotherapy and radiotherapy in a patient with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Demonstrating distinct signs of immunostimulation as well as excellent tumor response in a heavily pretreated patient progressing under anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, the case adds to the rising paradigm of an immunostimulatory effect of radiotherapy in patients undergoing treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Finazzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T Rordorf
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Ikenberg
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G F Huber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Guckenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - H I Garcia Schueler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
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41
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Zhong JT, Wang HJ, Yu J, Zhang JH, Wang SF, Yang X, Su W. Correlations of the expressions of c-Jun and Egr-1 proteins with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2018; 19:213-220. [PMID: 28269757 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-161710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study intended to explore the correlation of the expressions of c-Jun and Egr-1 proteins with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). From January 2008 to January 2011, 123 NPC patients and 59 patients with chronic rhinitis were enrolled in this study. Fresh NPC and normal nasopharynx tissue specimens were obtained during surgery. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was adopted to determine the positive expressions of the c-Jun and Egr-1 proteins. A 5-year clinical follow-up was conducted on all NPC patients. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox regression model were used for survival analysis. Compared with normal nasopharynx tissues, c-Jun expression was up-regulated but Egr-1 expression was down-regulated in NPC tissues. NPC patients with stage T3-T4 or stage III-IV had higher positive rates of c-Jun expression than those with stage T1-T2 or stage I-II. However, the positive rates of Egr-1 expression was higher in patients with stage T1-T2 or stage III-IV than those with stage T3-T4 or stage I-II. The survival rate of NPC patients with high c-Jun expression was lower than those with low/negative c-Jun expression, while the survival rate of NPC patients with high Egr-1 expression was higher than those with low/negative Egr-1 expression. The Cox regression analysis revealed that stage T3-T4, high c-Jun expression, and low Egr-1 expression were risk factors for poor prognosis of NPC patients. In conclusion, our study suggests that the c-Jun and Egr-1 proteins can serve as novel potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Teng Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Hai-Jun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China
| | - Jing-Hang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China
| | - Shi-Feng Wang
- Pediatric Rescue Room, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Pediatric Rescue Room, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, China
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China.,Clinical Molecular Pathology Diagnosis Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China
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42
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Hu J, Bao C, Gao J, Guan X, Hu W, Yang J, Hu C, Kong L, Lu JJ. Salvage treatment using carbon ion radiation in patients with locoregionally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Initial results. Cancer 2018; 124:2427-2437. [PMID: 29579324 PMCID: PMC6001443 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reirradiation for locoregionally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after a definitive dose of radiotherapy (RT) is challenging and usually associated with severe toxicities. Intensity‐modulated carbon ion RT (IMCT) offers physical/biologic advantages over photon‐based intensity‐modulated RT. Herein, the authors report their initial experience of IMCT in previously irradiated patients with locoregionally recurrent NPC. METHODS Patients with locoregionally recurrent, poorly differentiated or undifferentiated NPC who underwent salvage therapy with IMCT at the Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center between May 2015 and August 2017 were included in the current study. The IMCT doses were 50 to 66 Gray equivalent (GyE) (2.0‐3.0 GyE/daily fraction), delivered via raster scanning technology. The 1‐year overall survival, disease‐specific survival, progression‐free survival (PFS), local recurrence‐free survival, regional recurrence‐free survival, and distant metastasis‐free survival were calculated. Univariate and multivariate analyses of PFS were performed to identify possible predictive factors. RESULTS Among the 75 patients included, 4 patients, 14 patients, 29 patients, and 28 patients, respectively, had recurrent American Joint Committee on Cancer stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IVA/B disease. With a median follow‐up of 15.4 months (range, 2.6‐29.7 months), the 1‐year overall survival, disease‐specific survival, PFS, local recurrence‐free survival, regional recurrence‐free survival, and distant metastasis‐free survival rates were 98.1%, 98.1%, 82.2%, 86.6%, 97.9%, and 96.2%, respectively. A higher fraction size of 3 GyE (vs <3 GyE) or a higher biological equivalent dose significantly improved the PFS rate on univariate analysis, but not on multivariate analysis. No patient developed acute toxicity of grade ≥2 during IMCT. Late treatment‐induced severe (grade 3 or 4) toxicities were infrequent, but included mucosal necrosis (9.3%), xerostomia (1.3%), and temporal lobe necrosis (1.3%). CONCLUSIONS This initial experience in the first 75 patients with locoregionally recurrent NPC was encouraging. Carbon ion RT could provide promising survival rates with infrequent severe toxicities for patients with locoregionally recurrent NPC. Cancer 2018;124:2427‐37. © 2018 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society. Reirradiation for locoregionally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma after a definitive dose of radiotherapy is challenging and usually associated with severe toxicities. Carbon ion radiotherapy provides promising short‐term survival rates for patients with locoregionally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma, with few treatment‐induced severe adverse effects noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyi Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Cihang Bao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyin Guan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Weixu Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaosu Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Kong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiade J Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, China
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43
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Zhang HJ, Yuan GL, Liang QL, Peng XX, Cheng SA, Jiang L. Addition of bevacizumab to systemic therapy for locally advanced and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7799-7805. [PMID: 29740494 PMCID: PMC5934720 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a vital treatment option for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Concurrent cisplatin-based radiochemotherapy with or without adjuvant chemotherapy had acquired good clinical effects with good local control rates. However, a number of patients present with metastasis following systemic regimens or initial diagnosis of locally advanced NPC, which cause difficulty for subsequent therapy. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement to discover novel targeted therapies. The present report describes one case of a patient with NPC and multiple metastases. The patient was treated with systemic therapy in combination with bevacizumab, palliative radiotherapy and chemotherapy following treatment with cetuximab and concurrent chemoradiotherapy in 2015. Following the addition of bevacizumab, metastases were reduced or disappeared after >2 months, and the duration of progression-free survival was 7 months. Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets VEGF, and it is associated with angiogenesis, which causes the growth, invasion and progression of tumors. In previous studies, bevacizumab has been approved for the treatment of several types of malignant cancer and it has been able to effectively improve prognosis. In the present review, the effect of adding bevacizumab to systemic therapy for the treatment of NPC was analyzed, with a particular focus on advanced and metastatic diseases. A growing number of phase I/II clinical trials involving bevacizumab for NPC have been conducted with clinical outcomes showing improved rates of overall survival and progression-free survival as well as improvements in the quality of life of patients. However, severe or deadly toxicities can also result from combination treatment with bevacizumab. In the future, bevacizumab may become a common addition to systemic therapy for the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jie Zhang
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Gao-Le Yuan
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Lian Liang
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xia Peng
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Ang Cheng
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Liang Jiang
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
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44
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He JY, Han P, Zhang Y, Liu YD, Song SJ, Feng GK, An Y, Zhou AJ, Wang HB, Yuan L, Lin ZR, Xia TL, Li MZ, Liu YM, Huang XM, Zhang H, Zhong Q. Overexpression of Nogo receptor 3 (NgR3) correlates with poor prognosis and contributes to the migration of epithelial cells of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. J Mol Med (Berl) 2018; 96:265-279. [PMID: 29327067 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis (N classification) is one of the most important prognostic factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and nerve involvement is associated with the transition of the N category in NPC patients. Although the nervous system has been reported to participate in many types of cancer progression, its functions in NPC progression remains unknown. Through analysis of gene profiling data, we demonstrate an enrichment of genes associated with neuronal development and differentiation in NPC tissues and cell lines. Among these genes, Nogo receptor 3 (NgR3), which was originally identified in the nervous system and plays a role in nerve development and regeneration, was inappropriately overexpressed in NPC cells and tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the overexpression of NgR3 was correlated with poor prognosis in NPC patients. Overexpression of NgR3 promoted, and knocking down NgR3 inhibited, NPC cell migration and invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo. The ability of NgR3 to promote cell migration was triggered by the downregulation of E-cadherin and enhanced cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell polarity, which were correlated with the activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Collectively, NgR3 is a novel indicator of poor outcomes in NPC patients and plays an important role in driving the progression of NPC. These results suggest a potential link between the nervous system and NPC progression. KEY MESSAGES Genes involved in the neuronal biological process are enriched in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Overexpression of NgR3 correlates with poor prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. NgR3 promotes NPC cell migration by downregulating E-cadherin. NgR3 promotes NPC cell polarity and enhances the formation of NPC cell pseudopodia by activating FAK/Src pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, China
| | - Ping Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yong-Dong Liu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shi-Jian Song
- Guangdong Experimental High School, 51 Zhongshan 4th Road, Guangzhou, 510375, China
| | - Guo-Kai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yu An
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ai-Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Hong-Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Li Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhi-Rui Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Tian-Liang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Man-Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yan-Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China. .,Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, China.
| | - Qian Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China. .,Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, China.
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45
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Wang MY, Lin ZR, Cao Y, Zheng LS, Peng LX, Sun R, Meng DF, Xie P, Yang JP, Cao L, Xu L, Huang BJ, Qian CN. PDZ binding kinase (PBK) is a theranostic target for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: driving tumor growth via ROS signaling and correlating with patient survival. Oncotarget 2018; 7:26604-16. [PMID: 27049917 PMCID: PMC5042002 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is well known as one of the most common malignancies in southern China and Southeast Asia. However, the mechanisms underlying NPC progression remain poorly understood. Herein, through overlapping the differentially expressed genes from 3 microarray data sets with the human kinome, we identified PBK, a serine-threonine kinase, is highly upregulated and has not been intensively investigated in NPC. PBK was required for malignant phenotypes of NPC, as PBK depletion by RNAi and inhibition by specific inhibitor HI-TOPK-032 obviously reduced cell proliferation and xenograft tumor growth in mice. Moreover, we determined that targeting PBK could accelerate apoptosis by inducing ROS that activates JNK/p38 signaling pathway. In NPC patients, elevated PBK expression in primary tumor positively correlated to clinical severity such as advanced T stage, high death risk and disease progression, and it could serve as an unfavorable independent indicator of overall survival and disease-free survival. Altogether, our results indicate that PBK is a novel significant regulator of NPC progression and a potential therapeutic target for NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Rui Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yun Cao
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Sheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Xia Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong-Fang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Ping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bi-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chao-Nan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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46
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Reduced QSOX1 enhances radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 9:3230-3241. [PMID: 29423042 PMCID: PMC5790459 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance is a major cause leads to treatment failure in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In our previous study, we identified that QSOX1 is a differentially expressed protein in NPC cell lines with variable radiosensitivities. The present study aimed to investigate the biological behavior of QSOX1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its effect on radiosensitivity. The levels of QSOX1 detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in radioresistant NPC patient sera and tissue samples were markedly lower than those in radiosensitive samples. Small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) were employed to knock down endogenous QSOX1 expression in CNE-2 cells, and then, radiosensitivity, apoptosis, migration and invasion were assessed using colony formation, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, and transwell assays, respectively. Tumor growth and radioresistance were also evaluated using a xenograft model in nude mice. The shRNA-mediated knockdown of QSOX1 significantly increased cell survival under irradiation (IR) and weakened radiosensitivity, which was likely due to a reduction in the cell apoptosis rate after IR. Moreover, QSOX1 silencing led to the suppression of cellular migration and invasion. Similar results were obtained with the xenograft mouse model. Thus, targeting QSOX1 will provide a new avenue for increasing the sensitivity of NPC to radiotherapy.
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47
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Yuan L, Yi HM, Yi H, Qu JQ, Zhu JF, Li LN, Xiao T, Zheng Z, Lu SS, Xiao ZQ. Reduced RKIP enhances nasopharyngeal carcinoma radioresistance by increasing ERK and AKT activity. Oncotarget 2017; 7:11463-77. [PMID: 26862850 PMCID: PMC4905486 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) functions as a chemo-immunotherapeutic sensitizer of cancers, but regulation of RKIP on tumor radiosensitivity remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigate the role and mechanism of RKIP in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) radioresistance. The results showed that RKIP was frequently downregulated in the radioresistant NPC tissues compared with radiosensitive NPC tissues, and its reduction correlated with NPC radioresistance and poor patient survival, and was an independent prognostic factor. In vitro radioresponse assay showed that RKIP overexpression decreased while RKIP knockdown increased NPC cell radioresistance. In the NPC xenografts, RKIP overexpression decreased while RKIP knockdown increased tumor radioresistance. Mechanistically, RKIP reduction promoted NPC cell radioresistance by increasing ERK and AKT activity, and AKT may be a downstream transducer of ERK signaling. Moreover, the levels of phospho-ERK-1/2 and phospho-AKT were increased in the radioresistant NPC tissues compared with radiosensitive ones, and negatively associated with RKIP expression, indicating that RKIP-regulated NPC radioresponse is mediated by ERK and AKT signaling in the clinical samples. Our data demonstrate that RKIP is a critical determinant of NPC radioresponse, and its reduction enhances NPC radioresistance through increasing ERK and AKT signaling activity, highlighting the therapeutic potential of RKIP-ERK-AKT signaling axis in NPC radiosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yuan
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hong-Mei Yi
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hong Yi
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jia-Quan Qu
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jin-Feng Zhu
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Li-Na Li
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Ta Xiao
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhen Zheng
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shan-Shan Lu
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Xiao
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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48
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Leong YH, Soon YY, Lee KM, Wong LC, Tham IWK, Ho FCH. Long-term outcomes after reirradiation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma with intensity-modulated radiotherapy: A meta-analysis. Head Neck 2017; 40:622-631. [PMID: 29130584 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this clinical review was to summate the published data for the long-term outcomes of reirradiation with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS We searched biomedical literature databases for eligible studies published from January 2005 to September 2016. Outcomes of interests were 5-year local failure-free survival, distant failure-free survival, overall survival (OS), and toxicities. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model. RESULTS We found 4 comparative and 8 noncomparative studies (n = 1768). Reirradiation was associated with pooled event rates of 72% (95% confidence interval [CI] 66%-78%; I2 = 84%), 85% (95% CI 82%-88%; I2 = 69%), and 41% (95% CI 36%-47%; I2 = 80%) for 5-year local failure-free survival, distant failure-free survival, and OS, respectively, with significant heterogeneity among the study results. The pooled event rate for grade 5 toxicities was 33% (95% CI 30%-35%; I2 = 0%) with minimal heterogeneity. CONCLUSION Reirradiation with IMRT for locally recurrent NPC could confer long-term disease control and survival but is associated with significant mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiat Horng Leong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National University Cancer Institute - Singapore (NCIS), Singapore
| | - Yu Yang Soon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National University Cancer Institute - Singapore (NCIS), Singapore
| | - Khai Mun Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Farrer Park Hospital, Singapore
| | - Lea Choung Wong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National University Cancer Institute - Singapore (NCIS), Singapore
| | - Ivan Weng Keong Tham
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National University Cancer Institute - Singapore (NCIS), Singapore
| | - Francis Cho Hao Ho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National University Cancer Institute - Singapore (NCIS), Singapore
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49
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Gao W, Li ZH, Chen S, Chan JYW, Yin M, Zhang MJ, Wong TS. Epstein-Barr virus encoded microRNA BART7 regulates radiation sensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:20297-20308. [PMID: 28423621 PMCID: PMC5386763 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is very sensitive to radiotherapy. To date, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that expression of EBV-encoded microRNA BART7 (ebv-miR-BART7) increases responsiveness of NPC to radiation treatment by targeting GFPT1/TGFβ1 signaling. GFPT1 is the the key rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine signaling pathway and governs TGFβ1 production. TGFβ1, a pleotropic cytokine with the potency to trigger self-renewal and damage-repair machinery in somatic cells. TGFβ1 can protect zebrafish embryo from the lethal effects of radiation treatment. In silico analysis showed that ebv-miR-BART7 could target GFPT1 transcript. Correlation analysis on primary NPC tissues suggested that ebv-miR-BART7 and GFPT1 have negative expression correlation. Expression of GFPT1 and TGFβ1 were inducible by radiation in NPC cell with ebv-miR-BART7 expression. Further, suppressing endogenous GFPT1 expression inhibited TGFβ1 which subsequently increased the responsiveness of NPC to radiation treatment. Taken together, our results demonstrated that ebv-miR-BART7 controls TGFβ1 production by targeting GFPT1. Detection of ebv-miR-BART7 may provide useful indicator for monitoring NPC progression and predict therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zeng-Hong Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jimmy Yu-Wai Chan
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Min Yin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min-Juan Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Thian-Sze Wong
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Guangdong Province, China
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50
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Wang D, Gao L, Liu X, Yuan C, Wang G. Improved antitumor effect of ionizing radiation in combination with rapamycin for treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1105-1108. [PMID: 28693280 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate if rapamycin is a radiosensitizer of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and to identify which pathways are involved in radiation sensitization. In vitro, using untreated cells as the control, NPC cells were treated with rapamycin, ionizing radiation (IR) or both. Differences in the phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β, expression of cyclin D1, clonogenic survival, number of phosphorylated histone subunit 2AX (γH2AX) foci, and cell cycle status between the study groups were compared. The results indicated that rapamycin alone decreased the phosphorylation of S6 and GSK3β, as well as the expression of cyclin D1, in NPC cells. Thus, rapamycin-treated NPC cells had lower cell viability, and higher DNA damage and G1 arrest than control cells. In addition, the combination of rapamycin and IR caused the highest cell death, DNA damage and G1 arrest when compared with the effects caused by either treatment alone. In conclusion, rapamycin improves the anti-tumor effect of IR for treating NPC through inhibiting the Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin/S6 and Akt/GSK3β/cyclin D1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- Department of Oncology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410004, P.R. China
| | - Lichen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410004, P.R. China
| | - Xueting Liu
- Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410004, P.R. China
| | - Chuang Yuan
- Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410004, P.R. China
| | - Guihua Wang
- Department of Oncology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410004, P.R. China
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